U.S. patent number 3,809,276 [Application Number 05/292,650] was granted by the patent office on 1974-05-07 for plastic bottle and cap construction.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Eyelet Specialty Company. Invention is credited to William James Landen.
United States Patent |
3,809,276 |
Landen |
May 7, 1974 |
PLASTIC BOTTLE AND CAP CONSTRUCTION
Abstract
The invention contemplates a bottle and closure-cap construction
wherein locking formations hold the parts to secure a liquid-seal
closure of the bottle. The nature of the liquid-seal engagement is
one of circular line contact, involving a cylinder within a conical
concavity, specifically between a relatively thin-walled outwardly
flaring upper end of the bottle opening and the lower limit of a
cylindrical seal projection on the closure wall of the cap. An
axially compliant generally radially extending annular portion
connects the lower end of the flared neck part to the rest of the
neck and is axially stressed to resiliently load the seal
engagement.
Inventors: |
Landen; William James
(Cheshire, CT) |
Assignee: |
Eyelet Specialty Company
(Wallingford, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
23125587 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/292,650 |
Filed: |
September 27, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
215/332; 215/301;
215/330 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
41/065 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
41/06 (20060101); B65D 41/04 (20060101); B65d
041/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;215/9,31,44,52,47
;220/42C,DIG.19 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Ross; Herbert F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sandoe, Hopgood and Calimafde
Claims
1. In combination, a bottle of yieldable plastic material and
having an opening at a neck, and a closure cap for selectively
closing the opening, interengageable locking means on said cap and
neck for selectively securing the closed condition, said neck being
of substantially uniform thickness and comprising a lower generally
cylindrical locking portion, an upper outwardly flaring generally
conical sealing portion, and an annular generally radially inwardly
projecting portion connecting said cylindrical and conical
portions, the radial extent of said annular portion exceeding the
thickness of said portions, whereby said annular generally radial
portion provides an axially compliant connection of said upper and
lower portions; said closure cap including a relatively rigid outer
annular wall having a bore with locking formations engageable with
those of said cylindrical locking portion, said cap further having
an integral axially yieldable generally radially extending annular
closure-wall portion, an integral internal cylindrical seal
projection radially inwardly spaced from said bore and extending
axially downward for engagement with said conical portion, whereby
said closure-wall portion provides an axially compliant connection
of said rigid annular wall to said internal seal projection; the
maximum diameter of said seal projection being greater than the
minimum diameter of said inwardly projecting neck portion and at
least no greater than the maximum diameter of said upper conical
portion, whereby an essentially circular line-contact
circumferential interference will occur for cap-to-neck assembly;
and the lower limit of the cylindrical portion of said cylindrical
projection being so positioned with respect to the axial relation
of parts in locked condition that both said axially compliant
connections are oppositely axially stressed to axially preload said
interference when said cap and neck are in locked
2. The combination of claim 1, in which the downwardly projecting
end of said seal projection has a convergent inwardly tapered
region adjacent said lower limit, the angle of convergence of said
tapered region
3. The combination of claim 2, in which the angle of outward flare
of said
4. The combination of claim 2, in which the angle of outward flare
of said
5. The combination of claim 1, which the upper end of said neck
integrally
6. The combination of claim 1, in which said interengageable
locking means
7. The combination of claim 1, in which said annular radially
extending
8. The combination of claim 1, in which said annular radially
extending portion of said cap is downwardly dished.
Description
The invention relates to a plastic bottle construction and closure
cap and is particularly applicable to such bottles produced by
extrusion blow-molding.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved
construction of the character indicated.
Another object is to provide superior seal capabilities in a
construction of the character indicated.
A further object is to provide axially compliant features in the
neck of a bottle, of the character indicated, whereby compliant
deformation in the neck, in the course of setting and locking the
cap, is utilized to generate reactive forces for resiliently
loading, and thus enhancing, the locked and sealed
relationship.
Other objects and various further features of novelty and invention
will be pointed out or will occur to those skilled in the art from
a reading of the following specification in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings. In said drawings, which show, for
illustrative purposes only, a preferred embodiment of the
invention:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary exploded view in side elevation, partly
broken-away and in longitudinal section, showing cooperating bottle
and cap parts of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the neck end of the bottle part of FIG. 1;
and
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic presentation of locking parts of the
bottle neck, shown in flattened development, and centered on the
central line of the aspect 3--3 in FIG. 2.
The invention is shown in application to a plastic bottle 10 having
a body 11 and upwardly directed a neck 12, providing discharge
access to bottle contents, and to be selectively closed and sealed
by a cap 13. The neck 12 comprises a lower cylindrical portion 14
having locking formations engageable with coacting formations in
the bore 15 of the outer wall 16 of cap 13. The neck also includes
an upper, generally outwardly flaring seal portion 17 having
circular line-contact engagement with the seal edge 18 of a
internal projecting cylinder on skirt 19, carried by the closure
wall 20 of the cap. Skirt 19, of maximum diameter D.sub.1 greater
than the small-end diameter D.sub.2 of surface 17, and at least no
greater than the maximum diameter D.sub.3 thereof, is connected to
the relatively rigid outer cap body 16 by an integral axially
compliant annular portion 21, shown downwardly dished, at the angle
B.sub.1. As shown, the locking formations 22-23-24 (22'-23'-24') on
neck portion 14 are of the bayonet variety, at equal angular
spacings, and they co-act with suitable locking lugs 25 at similar
spacings in the cap bore 15.
In accordance with the invention an axially compliant, generally
radial annular portion 26 integrally connects the neck portions
14-17, and the lower limit (or sealed line) 18 of the
maximum-diameter extent of projection 19 is so positioned with
respect to the axial relation of parts in locked condition that
said generally radially extending annular portions 21-26 are
oppositely axially stressed when in locked condition. Thus, an
upwardly dished orientation B.sub.2 characterized the unstressed
condition of annular portion 26. Also, a short cylindrical lip
extension 27 terminates the flared seal portion 17, to protect the
neck mouth and to provide hoop retention of the outer limit of
flare 17; the outer diameter D.sub.4 of the flared portion 17 (and
also of lip 27) is at least no greater than substantially the
diameter of the lower cylindrical portion 14, so that lip 27
(rather than a sharp truncation of the conical portion 17) can
serve to align and pilot the cap 13 in the course of bottle-closure
assembly. Preferably, the portions 17-26 are relatively
thin-walled, the radial offset at 26 exceeding neck-wall thickness;
and when the cylindrical lower portion is also thin-walled, as
shown, the locking formations 22-23-24 extend close to the radial
level of portion 26. Similarly, the closure wall 20 and projection
19 are preferably of the relatively thin-walled nature of the
compliant portion 21, and a bottom lip extension 28 is of similar
thickness. In order that lip 28 will not interfere with the desired
line contact at 18, the lip 28 is inwardly converged at an angle
.alpha..sub.1 materially exceeding the divergent flare angle
.alpha..sub.2 of the seal portion 17. Generally, the angle
.alpha..sub.2 is in the range 15 to 25 degrees, preferably
substantially 20.degree., .alpha..sub.1 being at least 5.degree.
greater, for example 30.degree. for an angle .alpha..sub.2 of
20.degree..
The described bottle construction will be seen as lending itself
particularly to extrusion blow-molding of suitable plastic, for
example, high-density polyethylene. The relatively uniformly thin
neck portions follow smooth contours which are not required to
build up to greater thickness at the lip end. End flashing is
cut-off and trimmed to leave the short cylindrical lip 27, and the
design affords reliable flow of material to the locking formations
22-23-24, etc.
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate parting-line considerations in the design
of the respective locking formations, the parting line between mold
halves being indicated by legend. Each of these formations provides
an axial-retention surface for one of the cap lugs 25, at 31 for
lug 22, at 32 for lug 23, and at 33 for lug 24, all said surfaces
being in the same radial plane. The lugs 25 include cam faces 34 to
engage and ride up coacting cam surfaces at corresponding ends of
all formations 22-23-24, an axial snap to the locked position being
achieved over the shoulders 35-36 of formations 22-23 (22'-23'),
and rotational limiting abutment being provided at stems 37-38 of
the four formations 22-24 (22'-24'). All contours of formations
22-23-24 (22'-23'-24') are precisely formed and are not subject to
degradation in the course of mold parting, as will be
understood.
In the process of securing the cap 13 to neck 12, lugs 25 are
positioned between formations 22-23-24 (22'-23'-24'), and cap 13 is
twisted clockwise. As cams 34 ride up the surfaces 35-36, cap 13 is
drawn downwardly, causing axial stress and deformation of both
annular portions 21-26, in opposite directions. The dished shapes
are thus considerably flattened in the course of such rotation, to
a maximum extent just prior to snapping off surfaces 35-36, to home
all lugs 25, at the respective surfaces 31-32-33; preferably, a
substantial residuum of axially stressed compliant action remains
after snapping to such home position, so that the line contact at
17-18 tends to spread slightly to a narrow band of axially and
radially stressed liquid-sealing engagement, and the seal line is
axially and rotationally wiped with attendant seal-cleansive
action, in the course of securing the cap. To remove the cap, it
must first be pushed axially to the bottle, against further
sitffening compliant reaction, before counter-clockwise twisting to
cause lugs 25 to clear their trapped positions.
The invention will be seen to have achieved all stated objects with
a simple and economic bottle construction which is able to lend
axially compliant deformation as a contribution to that provided at
21 for skirt 19. The divergent flare 17 is formed in a single
operation, and it is possible to avoid the reaming step, previously
necessary in the formation of an accurately flared concavity, for
developing a line-contact seal.
While the invention has been described in detail for the preferred
form shown, it will be uderstood that modifications may be made
without departing from the invention.
* * * * *