U.S. patent number 3,790,977 [Application Number 05/220,140] was granted by the patent office on 1974-02-12 for hull construction for watercraft.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Germain Bombardier, by said Alphonse Bombardier and Gerard Bombardier. Invention is credited to Alphonse R. Bombardier, Gerard Bombardier, Germain Bombardier.
United States Patent |
3,790,977 |
Bombardier , et al. |
February 12, 1974 |
HULL CONSTRUCTION FOR WATERCRAFT
Abstract
A hull for a watercraft, and in particular for a sport boat,
adapted to a both stability and instability without sacrificing or
opposing one to the other; this being achieved by forming a
transverse bottom outline which combines typical rounded and
substantially planar bottom portions transversely adjacent each
other, with the planar outline portions extending on opposite sides
of the rounded portion lengthwise of the hull, elevated relative to
the rounded portion and forming inflections therewith and
longitudinally thereof. The planar outline portions are arranged to
provide dynamic sustentation upon impact thereon of waves produced
by the suitably shaped bow portion. The hull further includes a top
deck forming section defining longitudinally reinforcing wall
portions, footrest depressions on opposite sides of a central
longitudinal seat supporting boss, and a trench-like depression
extending lengthwise of the hull to recess the control links
therein.
Inventors: |
Bombardier; Alphonse R.
(Valcourt, CA), Bombardier; Gerard (Valcourt,
CA), Bombardier; Germain (St. Mathias, Rouville
County, Quebec, CA) |
Assignee: |
Germain Bombardier, by said
Alphonse Bombardier and Gerard Bombardier (St. Mathias, Quebec,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22822234 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/220,140 |
Filed: |
January 24, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
114/357 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B63B
1/04 (20130101); B63B 34/10 (20200201) |
Current International
Class: |
B63B
1/00 (20060101); B63B 1/04 (20060101); B63B
35/73 (20060101); B63b 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;9/6,31R,31B ;115/70,6.1
;114/56 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Halvosa; George E. A.
Assistant Examiner: Basinger; S. D.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a watercraft, a hull comprising a bottom section including a
bow portion of forwardly tapering shape having a transverse
cross-sectional bottom outline of generally V-shape and a main hull
portion merging with said bow portion and having a central
longitudinal portion of convex rounded transverse cross-sectional
bottom outline, and lateral longitudinal stabilizing portions
flanking said central longitudinal portion and extending laterally
away therefrom on opposite sides thereof respectively, each of said
stabilizing portions having a bottom surface which is flat and
straight transversely and longitudinally of the hull, said bottom
surface being substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the
main hull portion throughout the length of the latter, each bottom
surface of said stabilizing portions being upwardly inclined
transversely of the hull and defining a longitudinally extending
inflection with said central longitudinal portion, said bottom
surfaces of said stabilizing portions lying above the waterline of
the hull, and further including a deck forming section co-extensive
with said bottom section peripherally sealed to the latter and
forming a fully enclosed fluid-tight buoyant enclosure therewith,
said deck forming section forming a central boss extending
longitudinally of the hull, a pair of foot-rest depressions
extending lengthwise of said central longitudinal boss on opposite
sides thereof respectively, and lateral bumps extending lengthwise
of said hull along the outer lateral sides thereof, said boss
having a trench-like longitudinal depression extending lengthwise
thereof to the stern of the hull and adapted for recessing
watercraft controls therein exterior of said fluid-tight buoyant
enclosure and for exterior connection of the same with an outboard
motor at the stern, said deck forming section having a recess
therein forward of said longitudinal depression, in communication
with the latter and arranged to recess a fuel tank therein on the
exterior of said fluid-tight buoyant enclosure, said trench-like
longitudinal depression and said recess opening upwardly at the top
of said deck forming section in longitudinal alignment with each
other, a seat mounted on top of said central boss over said
depression and a cover engaging over said recess to close the
latter.
2. In a watercraft, a hull comprising a bottom section including a
bow portion and a main hull portion merging aftward with said bow
portion, a deck forming section co-extensive with said bottom
section, peripherally sealed to the latter and forming a fully
enclosed fluid-tight buoyant enclosure therewith, each of said deck
forming section and said bottom section being formed into a single
piece and said sections having complementary peripheral edges
engaging in sealed abutment against each other, said deck forming
section having an upwardly projecting central boss extending
longitudinally of said hull and the latter having a trench-like
longitudinal depression extending lengthwise thereof to the stern
of the hull and adapted for recessing watercraft controls therein
on the exterior of said fluid-tight buoyant enclosure and for
exterior connection of the same to an outboard motor at the
stern.
3. A watercraft as defined in claim 2, wherein said deck forming
section has a recess therein forward of said depression, in
communication with the latter and arranged to recess a fuel tank
therein on the exterior of said fluid-tight buoyant enclosure.
4. A watercraft as defined in claim 3, wherein said trench-like
longitudinal depression and said recess open upwardly at the top of
said deck forming section, a seat is mounted on top of said central
boss over said depression and a cover engages over said recess to
close the latter.
Description
This invention relates to a watercraft, and more particularly to a
novel hull construction for a watercraft of the sport boat
type.
So far, the hull of a watercraft and in particular of a sport boat
has been made of one or another typical transverse cross-sectional
bottom outline such as a rounded bottom like a canoe, or a
substantially planar bottom.
It is well known that a transversely rounded bottom outline
produces a boat with inherent transverse instability while a
substantially planar or flat bottom outline produces a boat having
essentially transverse stability. As far as we know, nobody has yet
proposed to combine a substantially planar bottom outline with a
substantially rounded bottom outline, particularly in a sport boat,
in a manner to get the benefits of both outlines without
substantial counteraction between the two outlines, as far as the
transverse stability is involved. Such hybrid combination has
apparently been considered as necessarily involving counteraction
of one outline on the other as far as transverse stability is
concerned and this may explain why nobody resorted to it thus
far.
In the art of sport boats, the main object is to challenge the
skill of the user thereof. To do so, such boat must besides other
things, have substantial instability, or in other words, must be
easily rollable to allow maximum maneuverability and to thrill the
user. But a sport boat is high-powered and therefore special
considerations must be given to obtain sufficient stability for the
safety of its users, nearby swimmers, and other boats. So far, all
attempts have been unsuccessful to produce a sport boat which is
highly maneuverable and thrilling while being also safe against
overturning.
The present invention is based on the novel concept of combining
the above two typical rounded and substantially planar bottom
outlines without adversely affecting or impairing the function of
one outline by the other. The above new and unexpected result is
achieved by appropriate arrangement of the above outlines one
relative to the other to form a bottom hull outline giving both the
maneuverability expected from a sport boat and the desired and
recommended safety.
It is a principal object of the invention to provide a watercraft
having a hull constructed and arranged to ally both stability and
instability without sacrificing one to the other.
It is a more specific object of the invention to provide a boat,
particularly a sport boat, with a hull having a transverse
cross-sectional outline combining both a rounded and a
substantially planar bottom outline without substantial
counteraction of one on the other as far as transverse stability is
concerned.
It is another object of the invention to provide a hull having a
suitable outline and lateral planar surfaces arranged to act as
wings producing dynamic sustentation of the boat or watercraft.
It is another object of the invention to provide a hull of simple
but advantageous construction forming a sealed buoyant enclosure
adapted to carry all the power and control components exteriorly
thereof and into easily accessible depressions therein to optimize
accessibility to those components.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a hull with
a suitable transverse cross-sectional outline to define lateral
edges acting as keels upon sharp turning of the boat in one
direction or the other.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a watercraft
including a hull having a deck forming section made of a single
piece defining a plurality of longitudinally reinforcing wall
portions forming depressed footrest deck portions and a central
longitudinal boss arranged to provide a seat and a longitudinal
trench-like depression for the control links running fore and aft
of the boat.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be
more readily understood in the light of the following detailed
description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is
illustrated, by way of example only, in the accompanying drawings,
in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a sport boat having a hull
according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the boat shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view as seen along line
3--3 in FIG. 5;
FIG. 4 is a partial view of FIG. 1 illustrating to accessibility to
an outboard motor powering the boat;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the hull without any powering or
control element thereon; and
FIGS. 6 to 9 inclusive are transverse cross-sectional views as seen
along lines 6--6 to 9--9 respectively in FIG. 5 to better
illustrate the construction of the hull.
Referring in details to the drawings, the sport boat illustrated
includes a hull having a bottom section 1 and a top deck forming
section 2 which are formed with complementary peripheral edges 3
and 4 respectively which abut and are sealed together by bonding or
the like. As will be understood later, each of the two hull
sections is made of a single piece suitably molded to cooperate
with the other to form a sealed buoyant enclosure having foamed
material 5 therein and provided with a drainage opening 6 to drain
out any water that might find its way within the hollow hull
structure.
The bottom hull section 1 has a bow portion 7 which is tapering
forwardly both in height and width and which has a transverse
cross-sectional outline of downwardly pointing V shape, as shown in
FIG. 6.
The main hull portion extending aftward of the bow portion 7 and
merging with the latter includes a transversely rounded bottom
outline 8 extending substantially the full length of the main hull
portion and centrally thereof. The rounded bottom outline 8 is
flanked on opposite sides by a pair of stabilizing portions 9
extending lengthwise of the hull and having substantially planar
bottom outlines, as best seen in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 which illustrate
that each of said stabilizing portions has a bottom surface which
is flat and straight transversely and longitudinally of the hull
and that said bottom surface is substantially parallel to the
bottom surface of the main hull portion throughout the length of
the latter. It must be noted, as can be seen in these latter
Figures, that the planar stabilizing portions 9 are elevated with
respect to the rounded portion 8 and merge with the latter forming
an inflection line extending longitudinally of the hull on each
side of the central rounded portion 8. The inflection line is not
shown as such but, as is well known, results at the merging between
a convex and a concave surfaces. Obviously, inflection here is
meant to extend not only to a merging between a convex and concave
surfaces but also to other types of breaks between the rounded and
the substantially planar bottom outlines. Preferably the width of
the planar bottom portions is between one-sixteenth and one-twelfth
of the overall width of the main hull portion.
From examination of FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, it may be seen that the
transverse bottom outline of the main hull portion is a composite
outline resulting from superposition of a transverse rounded bottom
outline and a substantially flat bottom outline with the latter
elevated relative to the former as indicated by the phantom lines
8' and 9' shown in FIG. 9. It can therefore be seen that by
arranging the substantially planar bottom portions on opposite
sides of the rounded bottom portion and elevated relative thereto,
the boat normally floats as a canoe and is relatively unstable and
easy to maneuver and as soon as the hull is inclined on one side,
the corresponding flat bottom portion 9 dips into the water and the
boat becomes stabilized and substantially impossible to be
overturned.
The sides 10 of the hull defined by abutting edge portions of the
sections 1 and 2 extend substantially orthogonally relative to the
planar bottom portions 9 and thence each one acts as a keel with
the corresponding planar bottom portion 9 upon dipping of the
latter as mentioned above. This becomes particularly useful, when
turning in one direction or the other, to prevent overturning of
the boat and has been found effective even for the sharpest turns
where the boat is so inclined that the shoulder of the user comes
to within a few inches from the surface of the water.
A keel 11 of wood or any suitable material is longitudinally
secured into a central longitudinal groove 12 into the bottom hull
section 1.
Rigidifying bars 13 are preferably also provided to strengthen the
bottom surface of the hull.
The top deck forming portion 2 defines a plurality of wall portions
or partitions 14 and 15 extending lengthwise of the hull and
laterally upwardly thereby forming longitudinal reinforcement of
the hull. The wall portions 14 form a central longitudinal boss 16
extending fore and aft and flanked on opposite sides by a pair of
depressions each having a footrest deck 17 at the bottom thereof.
It will be noted that the footrest decks 17 are arranged near the
hull bottom section 1 to obtain a low center of gravity. The wall
portions 15 form a trench-like depression into the top of the
central longitudinal boss 16 to recess control links 18 therein. A
seat 19 is mounted onto the boss 16 and covers the depression
therein. A recess or depression 20 is formed into the front of the
section 2 and arranged to hold a gas tank recessed therein. A cover
or panel 21 is provided to close the cavity 20. Another depression
22 is formed into the section 2 intermediate the depressions for
the gas tank and for the control links 18 and is arranged to hold
the controls for the boat or watercraft. The trench-like depression
extends fore and aft and communicates with the depression 22 for
the controls. The latter may include for instance an handlebar 23
of the bicycle or motorcycle type, a clutch lever 24 and suitable
indicators and switches which are arranged to control and steer an
outboard motor 25 suitably mounted onto the hull structure. The
motor 25 and the controls therefor do not form part of the present
invention and will not be further defined herein.
It must be appreciated that the top deck forming section 2 is
formed such that all controls and the motor are supported
exteriorly thereof and are therefore easily accessible for
maintenance. A hood 26 is pivotally mounted to cover the motor 25
and to give access thereto. A backrest 27 is fixed against the
front wall of the motor hood 26 to pivot with the latter thereby
giving a clear access to the motor 25 from inside the boat for the
convenience of the user.
Particularly from FIG. 2, it may be seen that the lateral edge
portions of the top hull section 2 forms longitudinal bumps 28
extending lengthwise along the outer edges of the hull. Draining
channels 29 are provided on each side of the motor 25 to allow most
of the water entering into the depressions for the footrests 17 to
escape freely at the rear when the boat is in operation causing the
bow to raise.
The boat may be operated by the user either comfortably seated or
standing up with one foot onto each footrest deck 17. Upon merely
swaying his body right or left, the user may steer the boat without
even turning the handlebar 23. As explained before such easy
maneuverability is due to the rounded central portion.
* * * * *