U.S. patent number 8,865,195 [Application Number 13/460,320] was granted by the patent office on 2014-10-21 for foaming formulations and cleansing products including silicone polyesters.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.. The grantee listed for this patent is Corey T. Cunningham, Anthony G. O'Lenick, Thomas O'Lenick, Jeffery Richard Seidling, Kelly Laura Wolff. Invention is credited to Corey T. Cunningham, Anthony G. O'Lenick, Thomas O'Lenick, Jeffery Richard Seidling, Kelly Laura Wolff.
United States Patent |
8,865,195 |
Wolff , et al. |
October 21, 2014 |
Foaming formulations and cleansing products including silicone
polyesters
Abstract
Foaming formulations including silicone polyesters are
disclosed. These foaming formulations are useful as cleansing
formulations such as used in liquid hand cleansers and wet wipes.
The foaming formulations provide improved aesthetic properties and
foaming appearance, while maintaining high antimicrobial
capacity.
Inventors: |
Wolff; Kelly Laura (Appleton,
WI), Cunningham; Corey T. (Larsen, WI), Seidling; Jeffery
Richard (Appleton, WI), O'Lenick; Thomas (Dacula,
GA), O'Lenick; Anthony G. (Dacula, GA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Wolff; Kelly Laura
Cunningham; Corey T.
Seidling; Jeffery Richard
O'Lenick; Thomas
O'Lenick; Anthony G. |
Appleton
Larsen
Appleton
Dacula
Dacula |
WI
WI
WI
GA
GA |
US
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.
(Neenah, WI)
|
Family
ID: |
49514353 |
Appl.
No.: |
13/460,320 |
Filed: |
April 30, 2012 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20130095163 A1 |
Apr 18, 2013 |
|
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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61627478 |
Oct 13, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/402 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K
8/046 (20130101); C11D 3/3738 (20130101); A01N
25/10 (20130101); C11D 3/0094 (20130101); A61Q
17/04 (20130101); C11D 3/2006 (20130101); C11D
3/48 (20130101); A61K 8/894 (20130101); A61Q
19/10 (20130101); C11D 3/2003 (20130101); C11D
7/261 (20130101); A01N 25/30 (20130101); A61P
31/00 (20180101); A01N 25/08 (20130101); A01N
25/16 (20130101); A61K 8/0208 (20130101); A61K
47/34 (20130101); A01N 25/16 (20130101); A01N
25/10 (20130101); A01N 33/12 (20130101); A01N
35/02 (20130101); A01N 43/80 (20130101); A01N
25/10 (20130101); A01N 33/12 (20130101); A01N
35/02 (20130101); A01N 43/80 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01N
25/34 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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2006222502 |
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Sep 2006 |
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AU |
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1552807 |
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Jul 2005 |
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EP |
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1811013 |
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Aug 2009 |
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EP |
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2242475 |
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Jul 2011 |
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EP |
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0032575 |
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Jun 2000 |
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WO |
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Other References
Non-Final Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/460,439 dated Apr. 8,
2013; 12 pages. cited by applicant .
International Search Report and Written Opinion for
PCT/IB2013/052467, mailed Aug. 9, 2013 (10 pages). cited by
applicant .
International Search Report and Written Opinion for
PCT/IB2013/052466, mailed Aug. 9, 2013 (13 pages). cited by
applicant .
International Search Report and Written Opinion for
PCT/IB2013/052464, mailed Aug. 9, 2013 (11 pages). cited by
applicant .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipophilicity, 2 pages, 2013. cited by
applicant.
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Primary Examiner: Gulledge; Brian
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Dority & Manning, P.A.
Parent Case Text
This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application
Ser. No. 61/627,478 filed on Oct. 13, 2011, which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A foaming formulation comprising water and a silicone polyester,
wherein the silicone polyester comprises the following structure:
##STR00007## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25, and wherein
the foaming formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6
alcohols.
2. The foaming formulation of claim 1 comprising from about 30% by
weight to about 99% by weight water and from about 0.01% by weight
to about 5.0% by weight silicone polyester.
3. The foaming formulation of claim 1 comprising from about 0.1% by
weight to about 4.0% by weight silicone polyester.
4. The foaming formulation of claim 1 comprising from about 0.25%
by weight to about 2.5% by weight silicone polyester.
5. The foaming formulation of claim 1 further comprising at least
one agent selected from the group consisting of emollients,
humectants, moisturizers, botanicals, foam stabilizers, vitamins,
disinfectants, abrasives, non-aqueous solvents, preservatives, pH
modifiers, sequestrants, antimicrobials, antioxidants,
anti-reddening agents, astringents, deodorants, external
analgesics, film formers, fragrances, hydrotropes, opacifiers, skin
conditioning agents, skin exfoliating agents, skin protectants,
sunscreens, and thickeners.
6. A cleansing product comprising a substrate comprising a foaming
formulation, the foaming formulation comprising a silicone
polyester comprising the following structure: ##STR00008## wherein
R.sup.1 is --O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25, wherein the
foaming formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6
alcohols.
7. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the substrate is a
nonwoven substrate.
8. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the substrate is a
woven substrate.
9. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the product is selected
from the group consisting of wipes, medical wraps, and
bandages.
10. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the foaming
formulation comprises from about 0.01% by weight to about 5.0% by
weight silicone polyester.
11. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the foaming
formulation comprises from about 0.1% by weight to about 4.0% by
weight silicone polyester.
12. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the foaming
formulation comprises from about 0.25% by weight to about 2.5% by
weight silicone polyester.
13. The cleansing product of claim 6 wherein the foaming
formulation further comprises at least one agent selected from the
group consisting of emollients, humectants, moisturizers,
botanicals, foam stabilizers, vitamins, disinfectants, abrasives,
non-aqueous solvents, preservatives, pH modifiers, sequestrants,
antimicrobials, antioxidants, anti-reddening agents, astringents,
deodorants, external analgesics, film formers, fragrances,
hydrotropes, opacifiers, skin conditioning agents, skin exfoliating
agents, skin protectants, sunscreens, and thickeners.
14. A wet wipe comprising a substrate comprising a foaming
formulation, the foaming formulation comprising water and a
silicone polyester, wherein the silicone polyester comprises the
following structure: ##STR00009## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25, and wherein
the foaming formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6
alcohols.
15. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the wet wipe comprises from
about 150% to about 600% by weight dry substrate of the foaming
formulation.
16. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the wet wipe is selected from
the group consisting of baby wipes, perineal wipes, hand wipes,
face wipes, cosmetic wipes, household wipes, and industrial
wipes.
17. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the foaming formulation
comprises from about 70% by weight to about 99% by weight water and
from about 0.01% by weight to about 5.0% by weight silicone
polyester.
18. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the foaming formulation
comprises from about 0.1% by weight to about 4.0% by weight
silicone polyester.
19. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the foaming formulation
comprises from about 0.25% by weight to about 2.5% by weight
silicone polyester.
20. The wet wipe of claim 14 wherein the foaming formulation
further comprises at least one agent selected from the group
consisting of emollients, humectants, moisturizers, botanicals,
foam stabilizers, vitamins, disinfectants, abrasives, non-aqueous
solvents, preservatives, pH modifiers, sequestrants,
antimicrobials, antioxidants, anti-reddening agents, astringents,
deodorants, external analgesics, film formers, fragrances,
hydrotropes, opacifiers, skin conditioning agents, skin exfoliating
agents, skin protectants, sunscreens, and thickeners.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure relates generally to a formulation
comprising a silicone polyester. The silicone polyester provides
the formulation with an improved foaming property. The foaming
formulations of the present disclosure are useful as cleansing
formulations such as used in liquid hand cleansers and wet
wipes.
According to the Center for Disease Control, proper cleansing can
be one of the most effective steps taken to prevent the spread of
diseases and infections. Specifically, proper bodily cleansing
according to various sources requires not only using soap but also
washing for a sufficiently long period of time in order to remove
dirt and any microorganisms that may be present on the skin. For
example, the Center for Disease Control has stated that effective
cleansing should last at least 15 seconds.
As many consumers fail to effectively cleanse using soaps,
alcohol-based sanitizing solutions and cleansing wipes capable of
providing effective antimicrobial sanitation for hand or body
cleansing purposes have been developed. Various forms of
alcohol-based antimicrobial compositions are known in the art and
have been used in the healthcare industry, food service industry,
and private sector by individual consumers to provide a convenient
means to control and prevent the spread of potentially harmful
bacteria and other microorganisms. The alcohol-based antimicrobial
compositions and cleansing wipes including the compositions are
typically utilized to cleanse the skin by destroying bacteria and
other microorganisms present thereon, especially on the hands,
arms, and face of the user. Further, cleansing wipes, such as baby
wipes, are used to cleanse the sensitive skin of infants.
While providing effective cleansing of the skin, frequent use of
alcohol-based antimicrobial compositions and cleansing wipes
including the compositions may cause skin irritation and dryness.
This can be a problem for health care professionals, child care
providers, food service workers and others who use these
alcohol-based products to cleanse or sanitize their body multiple
times in a day.
To counteract the drying and irritating effects of alcohol gels,
foaming alcohol formulations including conventional ethoxylated
silicones or conventional fluorinated compounds have been
developed. However, these agents may cause the formulations to have
poor aesthetics and/or skin feel properties, as well as poor foam
stability. In addition, fluorinated compounds impose potential
environmental and safety concerns.
Accordingly, there is a need for foaming formulations and cleansing
products including the foaming formulations that provide effective
skin cleansing and sanitizing effects, while having good foam
stability. It would further be advantageous if the foaming
formulations and products provided improved aesthetic properties
and foaming appearance, while maintaining high antimicrobial
capacity.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
It has now been unexpectedly found that foaming formulations
effective for cleansing and sanitizing surfaces can be formed
without the use of conventional ethoxylated silicones and
conventional fluorinated compounds. Particularly, the foam of a
foaming formulation is a two phase system comprised of gas cells,
or bubbles, that are surrounded by a thin, continuous liquid film
phase. The amount of liquid in the thin film defines the type of
foam that is generated. For example, conventional detergent
solutions are classified as "wet foams". In a wet foam, the liquid
is mainly found in the junctions between gas bubbles, known as
"Plateau borders". As the amount of liquid increases relative to
the amount of gas bubbles, the thin liquid films surrounding the
bubbles and the Plateau borders swell, forcing the bubbles to take
a spherical shape. As the swelling increases, the borders lose
rigidity and fall apart, causing the foam to degrade into a bubbly
liquid that has no overall order or rigidity.
It has now been unexpectedly discovered that specific amphiphilic
terpolymers can generate a high quality, stable foam in foaming
formulations by preventing swelling of the liquid films against the
gas bubbles and Plateau borders. Further, it has been discovered
that the polymeric nature of the foaming formulations of the
present disclosure provide enhanced skin aesthetics (e.g.,
substantivity while formulation is in use, reduced tackiness during
and after formulation use, soft and conditioned skin feel of
formulation, and improved foam appearance).
Accordingly, the present disclosure is directed to a foaming
formulation including water and a silicone polyester. The silicone
polyester has the following structure:
##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25. The foaming
formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols.
The present disclosure is further directed to a cleansing product
including a substrate including a foaming formulation. The foaming
formulation includes a silicone polyester having the following
structure:
##STR00002## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25. The foaming
formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols. The
cleansing products include wipes, such as wet wipes and dry wipes,
medical wraps, bandages, and the like.
The present disclosure is further directed to a wet wipe including
a substrate including a foaming formulation. The foaming
formulation includes water and a silicone polyester. The silicone
polyester has the following structure:
##STR00003## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25. The foaming
formulation is substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols.
Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part
pointed out hereinafter.
DEFINITIONS
Within the context of this specification, each term or phrase below
will include, but not be limited to, the following meaning or
meanings:
(a) "Liquid formulation" refers to both liquid and gel
formulations. Non-limiting examples of liquid foaming formulations
of the present disclosure include wet wipe solutions, body
cleansers, hair shampoos, and the like.
(b) "Bonded" refers to the joining, adhering, connecting,
attaching, or the like, of two elements. Two elements will be
considered to be bonded together when they are bonded directly to
one another or indirectly to one another, such as when each is
directly bonded to intermediate elements.
(c) "Film" refers to a thermoplastic film made using a film
extrusion and/or forming process, such as a cast film or blown film
extrusion process. The term includes apertured films, slit films,
and other porous films which constitute liquid transfer films, as
well as films which do not transfer liquid.
(d) "Layer" when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of
a single element or a plurality of elements.
(e) "Meltblown" refers to fibers formed by extruding a molten
thermoplastic material through a plurality of fine, usually
circular, die capillaries as molten threads or filaments into
converging high velocity heated gas (e.g., air) streams which
attenuate the filaments of molten thermoplastic material to reduce
their diameter, which may be to microfiber diameter. Thereafter,
the meltblown fibers are carried by the high velocity gas stream
and are deposited on a collecting surface to form a web of randomly
dispersed meltblown fibers. Such a process is disclosed for
example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,849,241 to Butin et al. (Nov. 19,
1974). Meltblown fibers are microfibers which may be continuous or
discontinuous, are generally smaller than about 0.6 denier, and are
generally self bonding when deposited onto a collecting surface.
Meltblown fibers used in the present disclosure are preferably
substantially continuous in length.
(f) "Nonwoven" refers to materials and webs of material which are
formed without the aid of a textile weaving or knitting
process.
(g) "Polymeric" includes, but is not limited to, homopolymers,
copolymers, such as for example, block, graft, random and
alternating copolymers, terpolymers, etc. and blends and
modifications thereof. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically
limited, the term "polymeric" shall include all possible
geometrical configurations of the material. These configurations
include, but are not limited to, isotactic, syndiotactic and
atactic symmetries.
(h) "Thermoplastic" describes a material that softens when exposed
to heat and which substantially returns to a nonsoftened condition
when cooled to room temperature.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure is directed to a foaming formulation
comprising a silicone polyester. The foaming formulation provides
effective cleansing and/or sanitizing of an animate or inanimate
surface without the use of C1-C6 alcohols. Further, the foaming
formulation has an improved foaming effect, while further having
improved aesthetics and skin-feel. Surprisingly, the formulation
has improved foam stability as compared to foaming formulations
including conventional ethoxylated silicones and conventional
fluorinated compounds.
Typically, the foaming formulations of the present disclosure
include a silicone polyester. The silicone polyester includes three
active groups (i.e., an amphiphilic terpolymer) having differing
solubilities in aqueous conditions. These different solubilities
allow for the enhanced stabilization of foam in the formulation.
Further, the polymeric nature provides enhanced skin aesthetics and
skin feel.
The silicone polyesters used in the foaming formulations of the
present disclosure are prepared by an esterification reaction, in
which linear dicarboxylic acid reacts with poly(ethylene glycol)
monomethyl ether and dimethicone copolyols (LDMC). The resulting
silicone polyesters conform to the following structure:
##STR00004## wherein R.sup.1 is
--O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is --C(O)
(CH.sub.2).sub.cC(O)O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.3; a is an
integer ranging from 5 to 20; b is an integer ranging from 10 to
30; c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n is an integer ranging
from 5 to 15; and x is an integer ranging from 5 to 25.
Commercially available silicone polyesters for use in the foaming
formulations of the present disclosure are available from Siltech
Corporation (Ontario, Canada).
Dicarboxylic acid compounds for use in the esterification reaction
are commercially available from a variety of sources (e.g., Cognis,
Cincinnati, Ohio) and conform to the following structure:
##STR00005## wherein c is an integer ranging from 1 to 10.
Suitably, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 saturated dicarboxylic acids for use in
the esterification reaction are as follows:
TABLE-US-00001 Molecular Common Name c Weight Malonic 1 104
Succinic 2 118 Glutaric 3 132 Adipic 4 146 Pimelic 5 160 Subric 6
174 Azelaic 7 188 Sebacic 8 202 Undecanedioic 9 216 Dodecanedioic
10 230
Poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ethers for use in the
esterification reaction are commercially available from a variety
of sources, such as FCI Technology (Gastonia, N.C.), and conform to
the following structure: CH.sub.3--O--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.x--H
wherein x is an integer from 5 to 25.
Suitable examples of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ethers for
use in the esterification reaction include the following:
TABLE-US-00002 Molecular x Weight 5 237 8 367 15 676 23 1027 25
1116
LDMC compounds for use in the esterification reaction are
commercially available from Siltech LLC (Lawrenceville, Ga.), and
conform to the following structure:
##STR00006## wherein a is an integer ranging from 5 to 20 and b is
an integer ranging from 10 to 30.
Suitably, LDMC is selected from the following compounds:
TABLE-US-00003 Molecular a b Weight 5 10 1137 10 10 1357 20 10 1797
5 20 1876 10 20 2096 20 20 2536 5 30 2616 10 30 2836 20 30 3276 The
values above were determined by .sup.13C NMR, .sup.29Si NMR and Gel
Permeation Chromatography (GPC).
The foaming formulations include the silicone polyesters in amounts
of from about 0.01% by weight to about 5.0% by weight, including
from about 0.1% by weight to about 4.0% by weight, and including
from about 0.25% by weight to about 2.5% by weight. In one suitable
embodiment, the foaming formulation includes about 2.0% by weight
silicone polyester.
In particularly suitable embodiments, the foaming formulation is in
the form of a liquid formulation including from about 30% by weight
to about 99% by weight water, including from about 50% by weight to
about 95% by weight water, including from about 60% by weight to
about 93% by weight water, and including from about 70% to about
90% by weight water. In one embodiment, the liquid foaming
formulation is used as the wetting solution of a wet wipe and
includes from about 70% by weight to about 99% by weight water.
In some embodiments, the foaming formulation may also include
various optional agents to modify the physical, chemical, hedonic
or processing characteristics of the formulations or serve as
beneficial agents when used for a targeted purpose or in a targeted
user population. The optional agents include, for example,
emollients, humectants, moisturizers, botanicals, foam stabilizers,
vitamins, disinfectants, non-aqueous solvents, preservatives, pH
modifiers, sequestrants, antimicrobials, antioxidants,
anti-reddening agents, astringents, deodorants, external
analgesics, film formers, fragrances, hydrotropes, opacifiers, skin
conditioning agents, skin exfoliating agents, skin protectants,
sunscreens, thickeners, and the like.
Generally, emollients lubricate, soothe, and soften the skin
surface. Exemplary emollients include oily or waxy ingredients such
as esters, ethers, fatty alcohols, hydrocarbons, silicones,
ethoxylated lanolin, and the like, and combinations thereof.
Particular moisturizers could include, but are not to be limited
to, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate, isopropyl palmitate, C.sub.12-C.sub.15
alkyl benzoate, natural oils such as jojoba oil, synthetic oils
such as mineral oil, silicones such as dimethicone, greater than or
equal to C.sub.8 fatty alcohols (e.g., cetyl alcohol), fatty acids
such as stearic acid, waxes such as beeswax, and the like. One
skilled in the art will recognize that this list is not all
inclusive and could include any other suitable materials commonly
known in the art or referenced in the Personal Care Products
Council (PCPC) Compilation of Ingredients Used in Cosmetics in the
United States (CIUCUS).
Humectants are hydroscopic agents that are widely used as
moisturizers. Their function is to prevent the loss of moisture
from the skin and to attract moisture from the environment. Common
humectants include, for example, glycerin, propylene glycol,
butylene glycol, betaine, sodium hyaluronate, sorbitol, urea,
hydroxyethyl urea, and the like, and combinations thereof.
The formulations may further include abrasives, such as sodium
carbonate, calcium carbonate, pumice, polyethylene, and the like.
Furthermore, the formulation may include builders, such as
tripolyphosphate, acrylic homo and copolymers, and the like.
Exemplary disinfectants for use in the foaming formulations include
triclosan, quaternary ammonium compounds, phenolics, and essential
oils having antimicrobial action (e.g., thyme, eucalyptus, neem),
and combinations thereof.
Another additive for use in the formulation may be one or more
non-aqueous solvents. Although not required, non-aqueous solvents
may aid in dissolving certain components (e.g., preservatives,
anti-microbial agent, etc.). Examples of some suitable non-aqueous
solvents include, but are not limited to, glycerin, glycols, such
as propylene glycol, butylene glycol, triethylene glycol, hexylene
glycol, polyethylene glycols, ethoxydiglycol, and
dipropyleneglycol, triglycerides, ethyl acetate, acetone,
triacetin, and combinations thereof.
Preservatives for increasing the shelf life of the formulations may
also be used. Exemplary suitable preservatives include, but are not
limited to, Kathon CG, which is a mixture of
methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone, available
from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich.; Mackstat H 66, available
from Rhodia, member of the Solvay Group, Bristol, Pa.; DMDM
hydantoin (e.g., Glydant Plus, Lonza, Inc., Switzerland);
tetrasodium EDTA; iodopropynyl butylcarbamate; benzoic esters
(parabens), such as methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben,
ethylparaben, isopropylparaben, isobutylparaben, benzylparaben,
sodium methylparaben, and sodium propylparaben;
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol; benzoic acid; amidazolidinyl urea;
diazolidinyl urea; and the like. Other suitable preservatives
include those sold by Ashland Inc., Ashland, Ky., such as "Germall
115" (amidazolidinyl urea), "Germall II" (diazolidinyl urea), and
"Germall Plus" (diazolidinyl urea and iodopropynyl
butylcarbonate).
Suitable skin conditioning agents for use in the foaming
formulations include quaternium and polyquaternium ingredients.
Particularly suitable quaternium ingredients include behentrimonium
chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate, cetrimonium chloride,
cocotrimonium chloride, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed collagen,
quaternium-80, quaternium-88, quaternium-95, and C.sub.10-C.sub.40
isoalkylamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate. Particularly suitable
polyquaternium ingredients include polyquaternium-2,
polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-68,
polyquaterium-78, polyquaternium-82, and
polymethylacrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride.
In general, the pH of the foaming formulations may be controlled to
be within any desired range, depending on the targeted use. By way
of example, for bodily cleansing, it is typically desirable to have
a foaming formulation with a neutral pH. If necessary, various pH
modifiers may be utilized in the foaming formulation to achieve the
desired pH level. For instance, some examples of basic pH modifiers
that may be used in the formulations of the present disclosure
include, but are not limited to, ammonia; mono-, di-, and tri-alkyl
amines; mono-, di-, and tri-alkanolamines; alkali metal and
alkaline earth metal hydroxides; alkali metal and alkaline earth
metal silicates; and mixtures thereof. Specific examples of basic
pH modifiers are ammonia; sodium, potassium, and lithium hydroxide;
sodium, potassium, and lithium meta silicates; monoethanolamine;
triethylamine; isopropanolamine; diethanolamine; and
triethanolamine.
Moreover, some examples of acidic pH modifiers that may be used in
the formulations of the present disclosure include, but are not
limited to, mineral acids; carboxylic acids; and polymeric acids.
Specific examples of suitable mineral acids are hydrochloric acid,
nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. Specific examples
of suitable carboxylic acids are citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic
acid, maleic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid,
benzoic acid, malonic acid, salicylic acid, gluconic acid, and
mixtures thereof. Specific examples of suitable polymeric acids
include carrageenic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, and alginic
acid.
In one embodiment, the foaming formulation may additionally include
one or more sequestrants. A sequestrant is a substance whose
molecules can form one or more bonds with a metal ion. In
particular, water that may be contained in the foaming formulation
often contains metal ions, such as calcium ions, that might react
with anionic components (e.g., acids) present within the foaming
formulation. For example, in one embodiment, an anionic component
that remains substantially unreacted with metal ions can better
function as a cleansing agent. Some examples of sequestrants that
may be used in the foaming formulations of the present disclosure
include, but are not limited to, ethylenediamines,
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids (EDTA) acid and/or salts thereof,
citric acids and/or salts thereof, glucuronic acids and/or salts
thereof, iminodisuccinic acid and/or salts thereof, polyphosphates,
organophosphates, dimercaprols, and the like.
In order to better enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of the
foaming formulation, antimicrobial agents (e.g., chlorohexidine
digluconate, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), benzalkonium
chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride) can
also be included in the formulation.
Still other optional agents include: antioxidants (product
integrity); anti-reddening agents, such as aloe extract;
astringents--cosmetic (induce a tightening or tingling sensation on
skin); astringents--drug (a drug product which checks oozing,
discharge, or bleeding when applied to skin or mucous membrane and
works by coagulating protein); botanicals (e.g., Actiphyte of Aloe
Vera 10 Fold GL, Actiphyte of Cucumber GL, Actiphyte of Japanese
Green Tea GL, all from The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, Ohio);
foam stabilizers (e.g. Polyox WSR 205 from Dow Chemical Company,
Midland, Mich.); vitamins (e.g., tocopheryl acetate, retinyl
palmitate, panthenol); deodorants (reduce or eliminate unpleasant
odor and protect against the formation of malodor on body
surfaces); external analgesics (a topically applied drug that has a
topical analgesic, anesthetic, or antipruritic effect by depressing
cutaneous sensory receptors, of that has a topical counterirritant
effect by stimulating cutaneous sensory receptors); film formers
(to hold active ingredients on the skin by producing a continuous
film on skin upon drying); fragrances (consumer appeal);
hydrotropes (helps dissolve some anti-microbial agents); opacifiers
(reduce the clarity or transparent appearance of the product); skin
conditioning agents; skin exfoliating agents (ingredients that
increase the rate of skin cell turnover such as alpha hydroxy acids
and beta hydroxyacids); skin protectants (a drug product which
protects injured or exposed skin or mucous membrane surface from
harmful or annoying stimuli); sunscreens and thickeners (to
increase the viscosity of the formulation).
The amounts of the optional components will depend on the
formulation to be prepared and the amounts of the other components
in the foaming formulation.
The foaming formulations of the present disclosure are
substantially free of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols. In this context,
and unless otherwise specified, the term "substantially free" means
that the foaming formulations contain less than a functional amount
of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols, typically less than 0.1%, including
less than 0.05%, including less than 0.001%, and also including
zero percent, by weight of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alcohols.
In some embodiments, the foaming formulations of the present
disclosure are additionally substantially free of agents that are
capable of forming micelles, and particularly, substantially free
of conventional ethoxylated silicones (e.g., Bis-PEG(10-20)
dimethicones), 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)heptamethyl-trisiloxane,
polysiloxane betaine, and polyalkylene-modified siloxane block
copolymers. In this context, and unless otherwise specified, the
term "substantially free" means that the foaming formulations
contain less than a functional amount of micelle-forming agents,
typically less than 1.0%, including less than 0.5%, including less
than 0.1%, and also including zero percent, by weight of
micelle-forming agents.
Conventional ethoxylated silicones (e.g., Bis-PEG(10-20)
dimethicones), 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)heptamethyl-trisiloxane,
polysiloxane betaine, and polyalkylene-modified siloxane block
copolymers, used to create foam in conventional foaming
formulations may cause the formulations to have poor aesthetics
and/or skin feel properties such as a sticky, soapy, and/or tacky
skin feel. Further, these conventional foaming formulations have
poor foam stability (e.g., bubbly liquid having no overall order,
no rigidity, etc.). Accordingly, by avoiding the use of these
agents in the foaming formulations of the present disclosure, the
foaming formulations provide improved cleansing and/or sanitizing
to the skin of the user, and further have improved stability.
Methods of Preparing the Formulations
The foaming formulations are generally prepared by mixing all
components together to form a homogeneous solution. Typically, the
foaming formulation is prepared by mixing the silicone polyester,
typically with water, and with any further optional agents
minimizing aeration. In one embodiment, the silicone polyester is
mixed with water and any additional components at room
temperature.
When used as a liquid formulation, any solid components are first
completely dissolved in water or other solvents before mixing with
other components. The liquid foaming formulations can be dispensed
from a pump or aerosol as generally available in the art.
Cleansing Products Including the Foaming Formulation
In some embodiments, the foaming formulations may be applied to one
or more substrates to provide for a cleansing product. For example,
the foaming formulation is suitable for use in a number of
cleansing products, including personal care products such as wipes
and wraps such as medical wraps and bandages, and the like.
Although described primarily herein in relation to the wipes, it
will be recognized by one skilled in the art that the foaming
formulations described herein could be incorporated into any one or
more of the other products listed above.
Generally, the wipes of the present disclosure including the
foaming formulation can be wet wipes or dry wipes. As used herein,
the term "wet wipe" means a wipe that includes greater than 700 (by
weight substrate) moisture content. As used herein, the term "dry
wipe" means a wipe that includes less than 100 (by weight
substrate) moisture content. When a dry wipe is to be used for
cleansing, the wipe is typically wetted with an aqueous solution
prior to using the wipe to solubilize the silicone polyester to
provide for the foaming effects. Specifically, suitable wipes for
use in the present disclosure can include wet wipes, hand wipes,
face wipes, cosmetic wipes, household wipes, industrial wipes, and
the like. Particularly preferred wipes are wet wipes, such as baby
wipes and perineal wipes.
Materials suitable for the substrate of the wipes are well know to
those skilled in the art, and are typically made from a fibrous
sheet material which may be either woven or nonwoven. For example,
suitable materials for use in the wipes may include nonwoven
fibrous sheet materials which include meltblown, coform, air-laid,
bonded-carded web materials, hydroentangled materials, and
combinations thereof. Such materials can be comprised of synthetic
or natural fibers, or a combination thereof. Typically, the wipes
of the present disclosure define a basis weight of from about 25
grams per square meter to about 120 grams per square meter and
desirably from about 40 grams per square meter to about 90 grams
per square meter.
In one particular embodiment, the wipes of the present disclosure
comprise a coform basesheet of polymer fibers and absorbent fibers
having a basis weight of from about 60 to about 80 grams per square
meter and desirably about 75 grams per square meter. Such coform
basesheets are manufactured generally as described in U.S. Pat. No.
4,100,324, issued to Anderson, et al. (Jul. 11, 1978); U.S. Pat.
No. 5,284,703, issued to Everhart, et al. (Feb. 8, 1994); and U.S.
Pat. No. 5,350,624, issued to Georger, et al. (Sep. 27, 1994),
which are incorporated by reference to the extent to which they are
consistent herewith. Typically, such coform basesheets comprise a
gas-formed matrix of thermoplastic polymeric meltblown fibers and
cellulosic fibers. Various suitable materials may be used to
provide the polymeric meltblown fibers, such as, for example,
polypropylene microfibers. Alternatively, the polymeric meltblown
fibers may be elastomeric polymer fibers, such as those provided by
a polymer resin. For instance, Vistamaxx.RTM. elastic olefin
copolymer resin designated PLTD-1810, available from ExxonMobil
Corporation (Houston, Tex.) or KRATON G-2755, available from Kraton
Polymers (Houston, Tex.) may be used to provide stretchable
polymeric meltblown fibers for the coform basesheets. Other
suitable polymeric materials or combinations thereof may
alternatively be utilized as known in the art.
As noted above, the coform basesheet additionally may comprise
various absorbent cellulosic fibers, such as, for example, wood
pulp fibers. Suitable commercially available cellulosic fibers for
use in the coform basesheets can include, for example, NF 405,
which is a chemically treated bleached southern softwood Kraft
pulp, available from Weyerhaeuser Co. of Federal Way (Washington);
NB 416, which is a bleached southern softwood Kraft pulp, available
from Weyerhaeuser Co.; CR-0056, which is a fully debonded softwood
pulp, available from Bowater, Inc. (Greenville, S.C.); Golden Isles
4822 debonded softwood pulp, available from Koch Cellulose
(Brunswick, Ga.); and SULPHATATE HJ, which is a chemically modified
hardwood pulp, available from Rayonier, Inc. (Jesup, Ga.).
The relative percentages of the polymeric meltblown fibers and
cellulosic fibers in the coform basesheet can vary over a wide
range depending upon the desired characteristics of the wipes. For
example, the coform basesheet may comprise from about 10 weight
percent to about 90 weight percent, desirably from about 20 weight
percent to about 60 weight percent, and more desirably from about
25 weight percent to about 35 weight percent of the polymeric
meltblown fibers based on the dry weight of the coform basesheet
being used to provide the wipes.
In an alternative embodiment, the wipes of the present disclosure
can comprise a composite which includes multiple layers of
materials. For example, the wipes may include a three layer
composite which includes an elastomeric film or meltblown layer
between two coform layers as described above. In such a
configuration, the coform layers may define a basis weight of from
about 15 grams per square meter to about 30 grams per square meter
and the elastomeric layer may include a film material such as a
polyethylene metallocene film. Such composites are manufactured
generally as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,946,413, issued to Lange,
et al. (Sep. 20, 2005), which is hereby incorporated by reference
to the extent it is consistent herewith.
In some embodiments, the substrates used in the cleansing products
of the present disclosure, and particularly in the wipes, include
polymers and polymer formulations that are treated with
salt-sensitive triggerable binder formulations so as to be used as
flushable cleansing and personal care products. These triggerable
binder formulations can be used in wet wipes for personal use, such
as cleaning skin or mucosa, make-up removal, medical care, and the
like.
Exemplary triggerable binder formulations include acrylamide and
vinylamide/amine polymers or polymer formulations as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 7,670,967 (Runge et al., Mar. 2, 2010). The
triggerable binder formulations may be applied to any of the
above-described fibrous substrates.
The triggerable binder formulation may be applied to the fibrous
substrate by any process of application as known in the art.
Suitable processes for applying the triggerable binder formulation
include, but are not limited to, printing, spraying, electrostatic
spraying, coating, flooded nips, metered press rolls, impregnating
or by any other technique. The amount of the triggerable binder
formulation may be metered and distributed uniformly within the
fibrous substrate or may be non-uniformly distributed within the
fibrous substrate. The triggerable binder formulation may be
distributed throughout the entire fibrous substrate or it may be
distributed within a multiplicity of small closely spaced areas.
Alternatively, the formulation may be applied in various patterns,
such as in well defined straight lines, wavy lines, or sloppy
patterns. The triggerable binder formulation may be applied to the
fibers prior to incorporation of the fibers into a fibrous
substrate.
The solution of the triggerable binder formulation may contain up
to about 50 percent by weight of triggerable binder formulation
solids. More specifically, the solution of the triggerable binder
formulation may contain from about 2 to about 20 percent by weight
of triggerable binder formulation solids, more specifically about 5
to about 10 percent by weight of triggerable binder formulation
solids.
Once the triggerable binder formulation is applied to the fibrous
substrate, the fibrous substrate may be dried by any conventional
means. Once dry, the coherent fibrous substrate exhibits improved
in-use tensile strength when compared to the in-use tensile
strength of the untreated wet-laid or air-laid fibrous substrates,
and yet has the ability to rapidly "fall apart", or disintegrate
when placed in soft or hard water having a divalent ion
concentration of about 500 ppm or greater of Ca.sup.2+ and/or
Mg.sup.2+, and agitated. For example, the dry tensile strength of
the triggerable binder formulation treated fibrous substrate may be
increased by at least about 25% as compared to the dry tensile
strength of the untreated fibrous substrate. More particularly, the
dry tensile strength of the triggerable binder formulation treated
fibrous substrate may be increase by at least about 100% as
compared to the dry tensile strength of the untreated fibrous
substrate. Even more particularly, the dry tensile strength of the
fibrous substrate treated with the triggerable binder formulation
may be increased by at least about 500% as compared to the dry
tensile strength of the untreated fibrous substrate.
Typically, the wipes of the present disclosure include the foaming
formulation in an add-on amount of from about 150% by weight to
about 600% by weight dry basesheet, including from about 175% by
weight to about 450% by weight dry basesheet, and including from
about 200% by weight to about 400% by weight dry basesheet.
Methods of Use
The foaming formulations and cleansing products including the
formulations of the present disclosure can be used to provide
effective cleansing and/or sanitizing of animate and inanimate
surfaces. In one embodiment, the foaming formulations may be used
to clean and/or sanitize a user's body. These foaming formulations
are capable of being topically applied to the skin of a user to
kill and/or inhibit the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms
on the skin, particularly, on the hands, arms, and face of a
user.
Moreover, the foaming formulations provide a cleansing effect
without the use of irritating components such as C.sub.1-C.sub.6
alcohols. Accordingly, the user can effectively cleanse the body
without irritation and skin damage.
The foaming formulations have improved stability such that the
foaming formulations provide a cleansing effect for a sufficiently
long period of time in order to effectively remove dirt and
microorganisms. The foaming formulations have improved aesthetics
(e.g., soft feel, improved foam appearance (e.g., even dispersion
of foam from a dispensing device, smaller, more densely packed gas
bubbles having uniform size and density, gas bubbles that do not
degrade or convert quickly to a bubbly liquid)) and skin-feel.
In other embodiments, the foaming formulations can be applied to
substrates to provide for effective cleansing and/or sanitizing of
animate and inanimate surfaces. The foaming formulations can be
applied to the substrates using any means known in the formulation
application art, including, for example, coating, spraying,
dripping, dipping, and combinations thereof. In one particularly
desirable embodiment, the formulation is applied to the substrate
using slot die coating. Using the slot die coating process has been
found to provide good add-on control.
The formulation can be applied to one or more surfaces of the
substrate, including an outer surface, an inner surface, ends or
edges of the substrate, and combinations thereof.
Having described the disclosure in detail, it will be apparent that
modifications and variations are possible without departing from
the scope of the disclosure defined in the appended claims.
EXAMPLES
The following non-limiting Examples are provided to further
illustrate the present disclosure.
Example 1
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared for use as a liquid hand cleanser. The
components of the formulation are shown in the table below.
TABLE-US-00004 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Carbopol
Aqua SF- Acrylate Copolymer 4.00 1 (The Lubrizol Corporation,
Wickliffe, Ohio) Silicone Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 2.00 Polyester
Dimethicone Succinate Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario,
Canada) Amphosol CA Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5.00 (Stepan Company,
Northfield, Illinois) Plantaren 2000N Decyl Glucoside 5.00 UP
(Cognis Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio) Lamesoft PO 65
Coco-Glucoside, Glyceryl Oleate 1.50 (Cognis Corporation,
Cincinnati, Ohio) Glycerin Glycerin 1.50 Fragrance Fragrance 0.10
Dye Dye 0.02 Glydant DMDM Hydantoin 0.50 Citric Acid Citric Acid to
pH 5.5
To prepare the foaming formulation, water was first added to a
vessel. While stirring the water, the silicone polyester, betaine,
glucosides, glycerin, fragrance, dye, and antimicrobial agent were
added to the solution. Finally, citric acid was added to reach a
final pH of approximately 5.5, and the mixture was mixed to
homogeneity at room temperature.
Example 2
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared using the method of Example 1 for use as a
foaming hand wash. The components of the formulation are shown in
the table below.
TABLE-US-00005 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Silicone
Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 2.00 Polyester Dimethicone Succinate
Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario, Canada) Amphosol CA
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5.00 (Stepan Company, Northfield, Illinois)
Fragrance Fragrance 0.10 Dye Dye 0.02 Glydant DMDM Hydantoin 0.50
Citric Acid Citric Acid to pH 5.5
Example 3
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared for use as a non-alcohol hand sanitizer.
The components of the formulation are shown in the table below.
TABLE-US-00006 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Silicone
Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 2.00 Polyester Dimethicone Succinate
Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario, Canada) Nobac (Mason
Benzalkonium Chloride 0.20 Chemical Company, Arlington Heights,
Illinois) Baypure CX-100 Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinic Acid 0.23
(Bayer Chemical AG, Germany) Citric Acid Citric Acid to pH 5.5
To prepare the formulation, water was first added to a vessel.
While stirring the water, the silicone polyester, benzalkonium
chloride, and tetrasodium iminodosuccinic acid were added to the
solution. Finally, citric acid was added to reach a final pH of
approximately 5.5, and the mixture was mixed to homogeneity at room
temperature.
Example 4
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared for use as a leave-on moisturizing foam.
The components of the formulation are shown in the table below.
TABLE-US-00007 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Silicone
Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 Dimethicone 2.00 Polyester Succinate
Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario, Canada) Betafin BP-20
Betaine 2.00 (Danisco A/S, Denmark) Glycerin Glycerin 2.00 Citric
Acid Citric Acid to pH 5.5
To prepare the foaming formulation, water was first added to a
vessel. While stirring the water, the silicone polyester, betaine,
and glycerin were added to the solution. Finally, citric acid was
added to reach a final pH of approximately 5.5, and the mixture was
mixed to homogeneity at room temperature.
Example 5
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared and applied to a substrate to be used as a
baby wipe. The components of the formulation are shown in the table
below.
TABLE-US-00008 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Silicone
Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 0.50 Polyester Dimethicone Succinate
Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario, Canada) Glycerin Glycerin
0.50 Tween 20 (Sigma- Polysorbate-20 0.10 Aldrich, St. Louis,
Missouri) Purox S (Kalama Sodium Benzoate 0.45 Chemical, Kalama,
Washington) Neolone 950 (The Methylisothiazolinone 0.09 Dow
Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan) Fragrance Fragrance 0.05
Baypure CX-100 Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinic Acid 0.20 (Bayer
Chemical AG, Germany) Malic Acid Malic Acid to pH 5.5
To prepare the foaming formulation, water was first added to a
vessel. While stirring the water, the silicone polyester, glycerin,
Polysorbate-20, sodium benzoate, methylisothiazolinone, fragrance,
and tetrasodium iminodisuccinic acid were added to the solution.
Finally, malic acid was added to reach a final pH of approximately
5.5, and the mixture was mixed to homogeneity at room
temperature.
Once prepared, the foaming formulation was applied to a coform
basesheet at an add-on amount of 330% by weight dry coform
basesheet.
Example 6
In this Example, a suitable foaming formulation of the present
disclosure was prepared and applied to a substrate to be used as a
perineal wipe. The components of the formulation are shown in the
table below.
TABLE-US-00009 Component INCI Name Wt % Water q.s. to 100 Silicone
Methyl PEG-8 Bis-PEG-10 0.50 Polyester Dimethicone Succinate
Copolymer (Siltech Corporation, Ontario, Canada) Culinox 999 Sodium
Chloride 2.00 (Morton Salt, Chicago, Illinois) Silfactant D-20-6
Polysorbate-20 0.20 Purox S (Kalama Sodium Benzoate 0.45 Chemical,
Kalama, Washington) Neolone 950 (The Methylisothiazolinone 0.09 Dow
Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan) Fragrance Fragrance 0.05
Baypure CX-100 Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinic Acid 0.23 (Bayer
Chemical AG, Germany) Citric Acid Citric Acid to pH 5.5
To prepare the formulation, water was first added to a vessel.
While stirring the water, the silicone polyester, sodium chloride,
Polysorbate-20, sodium benzoate, methylisothiazolinone, fragrance,
and tetrasodium iminodisuccinic acid were added to the solution.
Finally, citric acid was added to reach a final pH of approximately
5.5, and the mixture was mixed to homogeneity at room
temperature.
Once prepared, the formulation was applied to a dispersible airlaid
basesheet at an add-on amount of 250% by weight dry dispersible
airlaid basesheet.
When introducing elements of the present disclosure or the
preferred embodiment(s) thereof, the articles "a", "an", "the" and
"said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the
elements. The terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are
intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional
elements other than the listed elements.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of
the disclosure are achieved and other advantageous results
attained.
As various changes could be made in the above formulations and
cleansing products without departing from the scope of the
disclosure, it is intended that all matter contained in the above
description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a
limiting sense.
* * * * *
References