U.S. patent number 3,917,918 [Application Number 05/493,524] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-04 for center biased joystick type actuator in a four-way switch assembly.
This patent grant is currently assigned to John T. Vannest. Invention is credited to Charles W. Shaw, John T. Vannest.
United States Patent |
3,917,918 |
Vannest , et al. |
November 4, 1975 |
Center biased joystick type actuator in a four-way switch
assembly
Abstract
An electric control switch having a single "joy stick" control
lever employed to actuate four identical switch members of standard
construction. The control lever utilizes a spherical bearing for
permitting universal movement, and the switch members are located
at 90.degree. intervals about the lever neutral axis. A resilient
spring element imposes a centering force on the lever and the
switch is characterized by its economy and simplicity of
construction, dependability of operation, and concise
construction.
Inventors: |
Vannest; John T. (Jackson,
MI), Shaw; Charles W. (Flora, IL) |
Assignee: |
Vannest; John T. (Jackson,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23960592 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/493,524 |
Filed: |
August 1, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/6A;
200/557 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G05G
9/04785 (20130101); G05G 2009/04707 (20130101); G05G
2009/04744 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G05G
9/047 (20060101); G05G 9/00 (20060101); H01H
025/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/6A,17R,18,153T,293-296,329,335,339,153K |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scott; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Beaman & Beaman
Claims
We claim:
1. A four-way electrical switch comprising, in combination, a
support base having a first side and a second side, a threaded
mounting boss defined on said base extending from said first side,
a control lever receiving bore defined in said base concentrically
extending through said boss and base, a spherical bearing-receiving
socket defined in said base concentric with said bore and
intersecting said second side, a control lever having a spherical
bearing received within said socket, a handle affixed to said
bearing extending through said bore and extending from said first
side and a switch actuator defined on said bearing in substantially
diametrically opposed relation to said handle and extending from
said bearing adjacent said base second side, four similar electric
switches mounted upon said base engaging said second side, each
switch having a casing, an actuating button, mounting means, and
terminals, and base mounting means defined on said base extending
from said second side engaging said switch mounting means
positioning said casings upon said second side at 90.degree. with
respect to each other about said socket, said casings partially
overlying and engaging said bearing maintaining said bearing in
said socket and said buttons being disposed adjacent said switch
actuator at 90.degree. with respect to each other about said switch
actuator for engagement thereby upon pivoting said lever, and
resilient means engaging said control lever and biasing said
control lever to a neutral position coincident with the axis of
said bore.
2. In a four-way switch as in claim 1 wherein said switch mounting
means includes a hole defined in said casing and said base mounting
means includes side walls extending normal from said base second
side and threaded fasteners mounted on said side walls each
extending through a casing hole.
3. In a four-way switch as in claim 1 wherein said resilient means
comprises a coil spring supported at one end by said switch casings
and received at the other end within a recess defined in said
switch actuator.
4. In a four-way switch as in claim 1 wherein said resilient means
comprises an elongated resilient tubular member mounted on said
switch casings engaging said switch actuator.
5. A four-way electrical switch comprising, in combination, a
support base having a first side and a second side, mounting means
defined on said base, a spherical bearing-receiving socket having
an axis and defined in said base having a large diameter
intersecting said second side and a small diameter communicating
with said first side, a control lever having a spherical bearing
received within said socket, a handle affixed to said bearing
extending through said socket small diameter and extending from
said first side and a switch actuator defined on said bearing in
substantially diametrically opposed relation to said handle and
extending from said bearing adjacent said second side, four similar
electric switches mounted upon said base adjacent said second side,
each switch having a casing, an actuating button, mounting means,
and terminals, spaced wall members defined on said base
perpendicularly extending from said second side, said wall members
defining an X-shaped recess having four portions symmetrically
related at 90.degree. intervals about the axis of said socket, the
walls of each portion of said recess closely receiving a switch
casing whereby adjacent switches are located at 90.degree. with
respect to each other about said socket axis, and a spring retainer
mounted upon said switch casings supporting resilient means
engaging said control lever biasing said lever to a neutral
position coincident with the axis of said socket.
6. In a four-way switch as in claim 5 wherein said resilient means
comprises a coil spring having an end mounted upon said retainer
and an end received within a recess defined in said switch
actuator.
7. In a four-way switch as in claim 5 wherein said resilient means
comprises an elongated resilient tubular member defined on said
retainer engaging said switch actuator.
8. In a four-way switch as in claim 5 wherein said retainer
comprises a synthetic plastic member having a plurality of
resilient fingers defined thereon, each finger having a lip defined
thereon, and lip-receiving recesses defined in said switch casings
receiving said lips whereby said retainer is affixed to said
casings.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention pertains to multiple circuit electric switches
operated by a common actuating lever.
The control of electrical devices utilizing a plurality of
circuits, motors, or the like, may be accomplished through a
plurality of switches each having its own actuating lever, button,
or other control member, and it is also well known to control a
multiplicity of circuits through a plurality of switches having a
common actuator. Multiple circuit switches utilizing a common
actuator are commonly employed in the control of members utilizing
a plurality of motors, for instance, in electrically adjustable
hospital beds, in electrical adjustable automobile seats capable of
forward and rear and up and down movement, and in electrically
operated remote controlled searchlights capable of reversibly
traveling in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
The dependability of an electric switch is largely determined by
the construction of the contact supporting members, size, and other
physical characteristics. Multiple circuit switches controlled by a
common actuator are known wherein a plurality of commercially
available switch members are used and assembled and held in such a
manner as to be operated by a common actuator and U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,622,161 and 2,754,411 are typical of switches constructed in this
manner.
While known plural circuit switches, such as four-way switches,
using commercially available switching members are known, such
devices, if they are to be sufficiently rugged to withstand
extended service, are unduly expensive, and if the switches are
constructed to permit a minimum selling price, switch life and
dependability are sacrificed and a low cost switch which is rugged
and longlasting is needed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a four-way electric
switch utilizing conventional switch members operated by a common
control lever wherein the components of the switch are economical
to manufacture and assemble, yet the switch is of a rugged and
concise character capable of providing dependable service over long
periods of time with a minimum of maintenance.
A further object of the invention is to provide a four-way
electrical switch which is spring biased to automatically return
the control lever to a neutral position, and wherein spring means
of an economical nature are employed to augment biasing forces
imposed upon the control lever by the individual switch
members.
Another feature of the invention is the use of a supporting base
member in an environment of a four-way switch using four separate
switch members capable of firmly supporting and holding the switch
members in the desired relationship to each other without
sacrificing accessibility to the switch members, and permitting a
concise assembled relationship between the switch members.
In practice of the invention the base or support member is
preferably formed of a synthetic plastic material and includes
switch member recesses related to each other at 90.degree.
intervals about a central axis. Switch members of a commercially
available type, such as commonly known as "micro" switches, are
mounted within the base member, each switch having an actuating
button disposed toward the central axis of the base. An actuating
lever is mounted in the base upon a spherical bearing having an
actuating portion in radial alignment with the switch member
buttons. A resilient member comprising a coil spring or of a
tubular form is affixed to the switch members and engages the lever
actuating member to bias the actuating member to the neutral
position when the switch is being used and in "neutral" position.
The utilization of the elongated spring member provides the
actuating member with a positive and firm biasing action to the
neutral position, and permits a low cost spring member to be
utilized which does not necessarily have a strongly spring-biased
actuating button.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The aforementioned objects and advantages of the invention will be
appreciated from the following description and accompanying
drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diametrical, sectional view through a four-way switch
in accord with the invention, the actuating control lever being
shown in the neutral position,
FIG. 2 is a view of the switch taken from the top of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a view of the switch as taken from the bottom of FIG.
1,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the base member, per se,
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken through the switch of the
invention along section V--V of FIG. 1, the switches being shown in
plan view and a broken detail shown,
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view taken through the switch of FIG.
1 along section VI--VI thereof,
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the biasing element, and
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating another embodiment
of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The basic member of the four-way switch is the base 10, FIG. 4,
which is preferably constructed of a synthetic plastic material,
but could be cast of a metal or ceramic, if desired. The base 10 is
of a generally circular configuration having a circular periphery
12, a flat front face surface 14, and a rear surface 16. A
plurality of switch member supporting and orientating walls are
defined on the base extending from the surface 16 and define an
X-shaped recess 20. The walls include peripheral wall portions 18
constituting axial extensions of the periphery 12, and the walls
also consist of four sets of spaced parallel walls 24 intersecting
an adjacent wall at a right angle intersection.
The walls 24 are each provided with a hole 26 which receive a
switch casing mounting screw, as later described.
The base 10 is further provided with a concentric axially extending
bore 28, FIG. 1, defined in the threaded boss 30 extending from the
front surface 14. A socket 32 is formed in the base rear surface 16
concentric with the bore 28 and includes a spherical surface 34 of
a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the actuating lever
bearing.
The control lever 36 include a handle 38 extending through the bore
28, and the lever also includes a spherical bearing 40 received
within the base socket 32. The switch member actuating stud 42
defined on the bearing 40 is coaxial with the handle 38, and
extends rearwardly of the bearing, as apparent in FIG. 1.
The control of the electric circuits operated by the four-way
switch is accomplished through four switch members 44 mounted upon
the base 10. Each of the switch members is of an identical
construction and is of a conventional readily available form. In
one embodiment of the invention a Model V3-1 switch, manufactured
by Microswitch Company of Freeport, Illinois, is used. This switch
member includes a synthetic plastic casing 46 having three
terminals defined thereon. The internal switch contacts, not shown,
are operated by a control button 48 defined upon the "inner" side
of the casing and adjacent the base side 16. Internal spring means,
not shown, are incorporated into the switch members tending to bias
the buttons 48 outwardly to the switch normally closed or open
position, depending upon the type of switch used.
Each switch member is provided with mounting holes 50 formed in the
casing, and the spacing between the base walls 24 is such as to
closely receive a switch member 44 therebetween wherein a mounting
screw 52 mounted in the lowermost switch member hold 50, FIG. 1,
may be received within the holes 26 and tightening of the screw
firmly affixes the switch members to the base 10.
When the switch members 44 are assembled to the base in the mannner
apparent from the drawings, the buttons 48 will be disposed
adjacent the control lever projection stud 42 but spaced therefrom
such a distance that the buttons will only be operated when the
handle 38 is tilted about the center of the bearing 40.
One of the features of the invention lies in the fact that the
switch members 44 are oriented upon the base 10 and are of such
radial dimension that the edge 52 of the switch member casings
overlaps the base socket 32 wherein the switch members maintain the
control lever spherical bearing 40 within the socket 32. Thus,
during assembly, the lever 36 is first dropped into position
through the bore 28 so the bearing 40 is received in socket 32.
Assembly of the switches 44 to the base causes the switch member
edges 54 to overlap the bearing and prevent the bearing from being
withdrawn from the socket.
In order to augment the biasing forces imposed upon the lever 36 by
the switch member button springs, and to provide a firm force for
orienting the control lever in the central or neutral position, a
spring retainer member 56, of an elastic synthetic plastic material
is employed. The member 56 has a configuration which will be
apparent from FIGS. 1, 6 and 7. The member 56 includes a
rectangular base 58 from which depend four fingers 60 each having
an outwardly extending lip 62 defined thereon. Centrally, the
member is formed with a tubular projection 64 having an inner
diameter adapted to closely receive the switch lever projection
42.
Each of the switch members 44 is conventionally provided with a
recess 66 such that when the member 56 is inserted into the
rectangular void intermediate the switch members 44 the lips 62
will snap into the switch member recesses 66 and the member 56 is
held in the position shown in the drawings. In its assembled
position the projection 64 is closely received within the
projection 42 and the resilient nature of the projection will
maintain the actuating lever in the central or neutral position
wherein none of the switch member actuating buttons 48 is
engaged.
In operation, the switch is assembled to its supporting panel by
inserting the threaded boss 30 through a hole, and a threaded ring
or nut, not shown, is applied to the boss in the well known manner.
The terminals of the switch members 44 are connected to the
appropriate control circuits, not shown, and the lever 36 is tilted
in that direction desired to cause the appropriate switch member
button 48 to be depressed to open or close the associated switch
contacts, not shown. As the lever 36 is supported upon the
spherical bearing 40 the lever may be rotated in any desired
direction, and this universal mounting of the switch lever permits
two buttons 48 to be simultaneously depressed, if the lever is
tilted in a direction intermediate a pair of switch members.
As tilting of the lever 36 causes a radial displacement of the stud
projection 42 against the resiliency of the material of the
projection 64, release of the lever, or a lessening of the
displacement forces thereon, will permit the lever to return to the
central neutral position.
FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of the invention and
identical components to those previously described are identified
by primed reference numerals.
The projection 68 is shorter than projection 64 and receives a coil
spring 70. A blind hole 72 is formed in stud 42' and bearing 40'
concentric with the stud receives the other end of the spring 70.
Thus, tilting of the control lever 36' will deflect spring 70
producing a biasing force tending to realign the control lever with
projection 68, and this form of the invention also imposes a
supplemental biasing force on the control lever which will return
the lever to the neutral position.
It will therefore be appreciated that the four-way switch of the
invention is of an economical construction, dependable in
operation, easy to manufacture and assemble, and concise in
configuration. It is appreciated that various modifications to the
disclosed embodiment may be apparent to those skilled in the art
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
* * * * *