U.S. patent number 3,917,327 [Application Number 05/440,159] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-04 for thermally actuated device and door latch means utilizing the same or the like.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Micro Devices Corp.. Invention is credited to Emil Robert Plasko.
United States Patent |
3,917,327 |
Plasko |
November 4, 1975 |
Thermally actuated device and door latch means utilizing the same
or the like
Abstract
A thermally actuated device having a housing provided with a
chamber having a thermally responsive medium therein and being
defined in part by a motion-transmitting member movable relative to
the housing in response to expansion or contraction of the
thermally responsive medium that is adapted to be heated by an
electrical heater disposed in the chamber, the heater comprising a
cylindrical member of electrical insulating material having a
conductive coating on the surface thereof that provides
substantially a uniform thermal flux to the thermally responsive
medium throughout substantially the entire surface area of the
heater. Two such actuators are utilized with a door latch member so
that when one of the devices is thermally actuated, the same moves
the latch member to a locking position thereof and when the other
device is thermally actuated, the same moves the latch member to an
unlocking position thereof.
Inventors: |
Plasko; Emil Robert (Washington
Township, OH) |
Assignee: |
Micro Devices Corp. (Dayton,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23747690 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/440,159 |
Filed: |
February 5, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/1;
292/201 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F03G
7/06 (20130101); Y10T 292/1082 (20150401); Y10T
292/03 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F03G
7/06 (20060101); E05C 019/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;292/201,216,DIG.66 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Moore; Richard E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Candor, Candor & Tassone
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing means having
a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and being
defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable relative to
said housing means in response to expansion or contraction of said
thermally responsive means, the improvement of an electrical heater
means disposed in said chamber for heating said thermally
responsive means when said heater is energized, said heater
providing substantially a uniform thermal flux to said thermally
responsive means throughout substantially the entire surface area
of said heater, said heater comprising a member of electrical
insulating material having a conductive coating on the exterior
surface thereof that provides an electrical resistance heater means
when electrical current passes through the same.
2. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing means having
a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and being
defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable relative to
said housing means in response to expansion or contraction of said
thermally responsive means, the improvement of an electrical heater
means disposed in said chamber for heating said thermally
responsive means when said heater is energized, said heater
providing substantially a uniform thermal flux to said thermally
responsive means throughout substantially the entire surface area
of said heater, said heater comprising a cylindrical member of
electrical insulating material having a conductive coating on the
exterior surface thereof that provides an electrical resistance
heater means when electrical current passes through the same.
3. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 2, said
cylindrical member being tubular and having opposed ends with said
conductive coating extending substantially to said ends.
4. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 3, a pair
of electrical leads carried by said housing means and respectively
being electrically interconnected to said conductive coating at
said ends of said cylindrical member.
5. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in calim 4, one of
said leads extending through said tubular member from one end
thereof to the other end thereof and being electrically
interconnected to its respective end of said conductive coating
exterior of the respective end of said tubular member.
6. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing means having
a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and being
defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable relative to
said housing means in response to expansion or contraction of said
thermally responsive means, the improvement of an electrical heater
means disposed in said chamber for heating said thermally
responsive means when said heater is energized, said heater
providing substantially a uniform thermal flux to said thermally
responsive means throughout substantially the entire surface area
of said heater, said motion transmitting member comprising a
flexible diaphragm of the rolling type, said housing means
comprising a tubular member having opposed open ends, said
diaphragm closing off said tubular member between said ends thereof
and having a tubular portion extending along the inside surface of
said tubular member to one end thereof, and a closure member
closing said one end of said tubular member and cooperating with
said tubular portion of said diaphragm to seal said closure member
to said one end of said tubular member whereby said chamber is
defined by and substantially completely bordered by said diaphragm
and said closure member.
7. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing meanas
having a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and
being defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable
relative to said housing means in response to expansion or
contraction of said thermally responsive means, the improvement of
an electrical heater means disposed in said chamber for heating
said thermally responsive means when said heater is energized, said
heater providing substantially a uniform thermal flux to said
thermally responsive means throughout substantially the entire
surface area of said heater, said motion transmitting member
comprising a flexible diaphragm of the rolling type, said housing
means comprising a tubular member having opposed open ends, said
diaphragm closing off said tubular member between said ends thereof
and having a tubular portion extending along the inside surface of
said tubular member to one end thereof, and a closure member
closing said one end of said tubular member and cooperating with
said tubular portion of said diaphragm to seal said closure member
of said one end of said tubular member whereby said chamber is
defined by said diaphragm and said closure member, said closure
member and said diaphragm being formed of electrically insulating
material whereby said chamber is completely bordered by
electrically insulating material.
8. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 7, a piston
member disposed in said tubular member and having opposed ends, one
end of said piston member being engageable with said diaphragm and
the other end thereof projecting out of the other end of said
tubular member.
9. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 8, said
heater comprising a cylindrical member having a longitudinal axis
extending generally in the same direction as the longitudinal axis
of said tubular member and said piston member.
10. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing means
having a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and
being defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable
relative to said housing means in response to expansion or
contraction of said thermally responsive means that is adapted to
be heated by an electrical heater means that is disposed in said
chamber for heating said thermally responsive means when said
heater is energized, the improvement wherein said chamber is
substantially completely bordered by solid electrically insulating
material the majority of which comprises a rolling diaphragm that
comprises said motion transmitting member.
11. In a thermally actuated device comprising a housing means
having a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and
being defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable
relative to said housing means in response to expansion or
contraction of said thermally responsive means that is adapted to
be heated by an electrical heater means that is disposed in said
chamber for heating said thermally responsive means when said
heater is energized, the improvement wherein said chamber is
substantially completely bordered by electrically insulating
material, said motion transmitting member comprising a flexible
diaphragm of the rolling type and formed of electrically insulating
material, said housing means comprising a tubular member having
opposed open ends, said diaphragm closing off said tubular member
between said ends thereof and having a tubular portion extending
along the inside surface of said tubular member to one end thereof,
and a closure member of electrically insulating material closing
said one end of said tubular member and cooperating with said
tubular portion of said diaphragm to seal said closure member to
said one end of said tubular member whereby said chamber is defined
by said diaphragm and said closure member and is thereby
substantially completely bordered by electrically insulating
material.
12. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 11, a
piston member disposed in said tubular member and having opposed
ends, one end of said piston member being engageable with said
diaphragm and the other end thereof projecting out of the other end
of said tubular member.
13. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 12, said
heater comprising a cylindrical member having a longitudinal axis
extending generally in the same direction as the longitudinal axis
of tubular member and said piston member.
14. In a thermally actuated device as set forth in claim 11, said
heater means having a pair of leads extending between said tubular
portion of said diaphragm and said closure member to the exterior
of said housing means for lead attachment purposes.
15. In a remote controlled door latching arrangement for a vehicle
and the like wherein a latch member is to be moved between a
locking position thereof and unlocking position thereof, the
improvement comprising a pair of thermally actuated devices
respectively and operatively associated with said latch member, one
of said devices when thermally actuated causing movement of said
latch member to its locking position, the other of said devices
when thermally actuated causing movement of said latch member to
its unlocking position, each device comprising a housing means
having a chamber provided with a thermally responsive means and
being defined in part by a motion transmitting member movable
relative to said housing means in response to expansion or
contraction of said thermally responsive means that is adapted to
be heated by an electrical heater means that is disposed in said
chamber for heating said thermally responsive means when said
heater is eneragized, said motion transmitting member being
operatively associated with said latch member, and an electrical
system for said devices, said system having means for permitting
only said one device to be thermally actuated by energizing said
heater thereof when said latch member is in its unlocking position
and said other device to be thermally actuated by energizing said
heater thereof when said latch member is in its locking position,
said means of said system causing only the energizing of said
heater of said one device when said latch member is in its
unlocking position and only during part of the movement of said
latch member to its locking position and causing only the
energizing of said heater of said other device when said latch
member is in its locking position and only during part of the
movement of said latch member to its unlocking position.
Description
This invention relates to an improved thermally actuated device as
well as to an improved door latch arrangement utilizing such
thermally actuated devices or the like.
It is well known that a thermally actuated device can be provided
wherein the same comprises a housing means having a chamber therein
filled with a thermally responsive medium, such as Freon, and bein
defined in part by a motion-transmitting member movable relative to
the housing means in response to expansion or contraction of the
thermally responsive medium that is adapted to be heated by an
electrical heater disposed in the chamber. For example, see the
patent to Harris, U.S. Pat. No. 3,609,635, and the patent to
Stropkay, U.S. Pat. No. 3,664,698 which disclose such thermally
actuated devices.
It is a feature of this invention to provide an improved thermally
actuated device of the above type.
It is another feature of this invention to provide an improved door
latching mechanism utilizing such thermally actuated devices or the
like.
In particular, one embodiment of this invention provides an
improved heater means for such a thermally actuated device or the
like, the heater means providing substantially a uniform thermal
flux to the thermally responsive medium in the thermally actuated
device throughout substantially the entire surface area of the
heater means whereby it is believed that no hot spots will be
created by the heater means of this invention that might cause a
deterioration or break-down of the thermally responsive medium as
well as a breakdown of the heater means itself. Such a heater can
comprise a tubular cylindrical member of electrical insulating
material having a conductive coating on the exterior surface
thereof that provide an electrical resistance heater when
electrical current passes through the same.
Another embodiment of this invention provides electrical insulating
material substantially completely bordering the chamber of the
thermally actuated device to effectively electrically insulate the
electrical heater from the housing means of the device.
For example, the motion-transmitting member of the thermally
actuated device can comprise a flexible diaphragm of the rolling
type and be formed of electrical insulating material, the flexible
diaphragm closing off a tubular housing member between the opposed
ends thereof and having a tubular portion extending along the
inside surface of the tubular member to one end thereof. A closure
member of electrically insulating material closes off that one end
of the tubular member and cooperates with the tubular portion of
the diaphragm to seal the closure member to that one end of the
tubular member whereby the chamber is substantially completely
defined by the diaphragm and the closure member.
Such thermally actuated devices of this invention or other
thermally actuated devices can be utilized to form an improved door
latch means of this invention, such as a remote control door latch
means for a vehicle access door or the like wherein the
conventional door locking mechanism thereof comprises a manually
operated plunger which when pushed downwardly locks the door and
when pulled upwardly unlocks the door.
One embodiment of this invention provides a movable latch member
for cooperating with the plunger of the conventional door locking
mechanism and a pair of thermally actuated devices respectively and
operatively associated with the latch member. One of the thermally
actuated devices when thermally actuated causes movement of the
latch member to its plunger locking position and the other of the
thermally actuated devices when thermally actuated causes movement
of the latch member to its plunger unlocking position.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an
improved thermally actuated device having one or more of the novel
features set forth above or hereinafter shown or described.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved remote
controlled door latching arrangment for a vehicle or the like, the
latching arrangement having one or more of the novel features set
forth above or hereinafter shown or described.
Other objects, uses and advantages of this invention are apparent
from a reading of this description, which proceeds with reference
to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the
improved door latching arrangement of this invention, with the
improved thermally actuated devices of this invention illustrated
being in cross section and with the latch means being in the
unlocked position thereof.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and illustrates the door
latching arrangement in the locking position thereof.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, cross-sectional view
illustrating a joint structure of one of the thermally actuated
devices of FIG. 1 in combination with the rolling diaphragm
thereof.
FIG. 4 is an exploded, perspective view of the improved heater
means for the thermally actuated devices of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and illustrates another
embodiment of the thermally actuated device of this invention.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 5 and illustrates
another embodiment of the thermally actuated device of this
invention.
FIG. 7 is an exploded, perspective view of certain parts of the
device of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and illustrates another
embodiment of the improved door latching arrangement of this
invention with the improved thermally actuated devices of this
invention illustrated in cross section and with the latch member
being in the unlocked position thereof.
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and illustrates one of the
thermally actuated devices moving the door latching member to its
door locking position.
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 9 and illustrates an
attempt to move the door latching member form its latching position
to its unlocking position while the latching thermally actuated
device is still in the actuated condition thereof.
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on line 11--11
of FIG. 8 and illustrates one lead means for the electrical heater
means of the thermally actuated devices of the latching arrangement
of FIG. 8.
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of another embodiment
of the thermally actuated devices of this invention.
While the various features of this invention are hereinafter
described and illustrated as being particularly adapted to provide
thermally actuated devices for operating a door latch means for a
vehicle or the like, it is to be understood that the various
features of this invention can be utilized singly or in any
combination thereof to provide thermally actuated devices for other
uses as desired.
Therefore, this invention is not to be limited to only the
embodiments illustrated in the drawings, because the drawings are
merely utilized to illustrate one of the wide variety of uses of
this invention.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, one embodiment of the improved door
latch arrangment of this invention is generally indicated by the
reference numeral 20 and comprises a latch member 21 pivotally
mounted by a pivot member 22 intermediate its opposed ends 23 and
24 to a door structure (not shown) with the end 23 having an
elongated slot 25 therein for interconnecting the end 23 of the
lever 21 to a suitable and conventional up and down vertically
moved and normally manually operated vehicle door latch plunger
member (not shown) so that when the lever 21 is pivoted in a
clockwise directioin to the position illustrated in FIG. 1 in a
manner hereinafter described, such door latch plunger is moved to
its up position and thus to its door unlocking position and when
the lever 21 has the end 23 thereof pivoted downwardly in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 2, such door latch plunger member is
moved vertically downwardly and thus to its door locking position.
The elongated slot 25 in the lever 21 permits such arcuate motion
of the end 23 of the lever while causing substantially straight
line vertical motion of a cylindrical pin (not shown) passing
through the slot 25 and being fixed to the door latch plunger.
The door latch or member 21 is moved between its operating
positions by a pair of thermally actuated devices of this invention
that are respectively and generally indicated by the reference
numerals 26A and 26B with the parts thereof being identical and
therefore being indicated by like reference numerals so that the
description of one actuator 26A or 26B also applies for the other
actuator 26B or 26A.
Each thermally actuated device 26A and 26B comprises a housing
means 27 formed of two metallic tubular members 28 and 29 having
adjacent ends 30 and 31 crimped or rolled together to secure the
same together and to hold an outer peripheral bead or portion 32 of
a flexible rolling diaphragm 33 of rubber or other suitable
flexible and electrically insulating material therebetween which
cooperates with the tubular member 28 and an electrically
insulating end closure 34 at the lower end 35 of the tubular
housing member 28 to define a chamber 36 therein.
A piston member 37 has a part thereof disposed in the upper tubular
member 29 with a piston rod portion 38 thereof passing out through
a reduced tubular end 39 of the tubular housing member 29 to be
interconnected by a pin means 40 to a lever actuator or bracket 41
for the latch lever 21 in a manner hereinafter described. A reduced
lower end 42 of the piston member 37 is adapted to be received in a
cup forming portion 43 of the rolling diaphragm 33 when the same is
in its natural position as illustrated in FIG. 1, the piston member
37 having a large annular guiding portion 44 between the portions
42 and 38 thereof for sliding against the inside peripheral surface
45 of the tubular member 29 as the piston member 37 moves upwardly
and downwardly in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The chambers 36 of the thermally actuated devices 26A and 26B are
adapted to have a thermally responsive medium 36' disposed therein
for expanding and contracting in rerlation to the temperature
thereof and thereby causing the diaphragms 33 to roll upwardly or
downwardly relative to the housing means 27 in a manner well known
in the art. For example, each chamber 36 can be partially or
completely filled with liquid Freon which when heated, as described
in the aforementioned U.S. Patents, will rapidly vaporize and
thereby expand in the chamber 36 to drive the rolling diaphragm 33
upwardly in the manner illustrated by the actuator 26B in FIG. 2 to
drive the piston member 37 thereof upwardly therewith for
transmitting motion to the lever 21 in a manner hereinafter
described.
In order to insure that the rolling diaphragm 33, as it rolls
between the positions illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 for the actuator
26B, will have many cycles and thereby be long lasting, the housing
members 28 and 29 can be so formed in the manner illustrated in
FIG. 3 adjacent the ends 30 and 31 thereof that the end 31 provides
an arcuate annular portion 46 to trap an annular bead 47 of the
rolling diaphragm 33 between the ends 31 and 30 of the members 29
and 28 and permit the rolling diaphragm 33 to have a preformed
annular fold 48 adjacent to the piston portion 42 when the
diaphragm 33 is in its relaxed position illustrated in FIG. 3.
Thus, the diaphragm 33 will begin to roll with the fold 48 up along
the peripheral surface 45 of the housing member 29 in the manner
illustrated by the diaphragm 33 of the actuator 26B in FIG. 2. Also
the cup shape of the portion 43 of the diaphragm has the side wall
thereof normally at an angle relative to the piston portion 42 but
once pressure is developed in the respective chamber 36, the side
wall of the cup portion 43 is deformed against the piston portion
42 in the manner illustrated by the actuated device 26B of FIG.
2.
An improved electrical heater maens of this invention for the
thermally responsive medium 36' for each actuator 26A and 26B is
generally indicated by the reference numeral 50 and comprises a
cylindrical tubular member 51 of electrically insulating material,
such as a glass tube formed of a glass material having a relatively
low coefficient of theremal expansion and a relatively high
coefficient of heat conductivity, such as pyrex provided with a
conductive coating 52 on the outer peripheral cylindrical surface
thereof throughout the entire length of the tubular member 51, the
conductive coating 52 being formed of any suitable material which
will cause the same to act as a heater means when an electrical
current is passed therethrough. For example, such coating can
comprise a tin oxide coating.
In order to enhance electrical connection to the conductive coating
52, bands 53 of silver paint can be provided at the opposed ends 55
and 54 of the tubular member 51 on top of the coating 52 so that
when electrical connection is made respectively to the bands 53,
electrical current is adapted to flow from one band 53 through the
coating 52 to the other band 53 and such flow of current through
the coating 52 causes the coating 52 to heat up and provide a
sufficient temperature to not only vaporize the thermally
responsive liquid 36' adjacent the same, but also to be conducted
by the tube 51 to the interior surface thereof to vaporize the
liquid 36' adjacent the same and thereby cause the rolling
diaphragm 33 to be rolled upwardly in the mananer illustrated by
the device 26B in FIG. 2 by the thus expending medium 36' in the
chamber 36. It is believed that when freon is used for the medium
36' , the same will vaporize adjacent the inside and outside
surfaces of the heater 50 in a second or so after the heater 50 is
energized and since a uniform surface of the conductive coating 52
and the inside surface of the tube 51 is provided to the medium 36'
, it is believed that the energized heater 50 will not have "hot
spots" and will thereby provide a uniform thermal flux to the
medium 36' through substantially the entire length of the coating
52 and tube 51 to not only not tend to breakdown the freon 36' ,
but also to not tend to breakdown the heater 50 itself.
For example, it is believed that when a conventional coiled wire
electric heater is utilized in the chamber 36 for heating the
medium 36' in the manner previously described, "hot spots" are
created by such coiled wire heater because of the nonuniformity of
the coiled wire heater and it is believed that such "hot spots" not
only tend to break down the freon 36' because of the excessive heat
being created by such "hot spots" , but also such "hot spots" tend
to break down the coiled wire heater itself whereby should the same
subsequently break through the deterioration thereof, the broken
coiled wire heater has a tendency to spring apart and, thus,
against the housing means to cause an adverse short circuiting
situation.
However, as previously stated, it is believed that the tubular
heater means 50 of this invention will not have such adverse "hot
spots" and thereby will not tend to break down the freron 36' or
cause a deterioration of itself.
A pair of metal bands 56 are looped in such a manner that the same
can be telescoped onto the conductive bands 53 of the tubular
member 51 in a press fit manner to provide good electrical contact
therebetween so that outwardly extending or projecting ends 57 of
the bands 56 can be utilized for lead attaching purposes for each
heater means 50.
For example, a pair of wire leads 58 and 59 can be respectively
inserted through suitable openings 60 and 61 in the electrical
insulating end closure 34 of the respective actuator 26A or 26B
with the lead 59 being soldered or otherwise electrically
interconnected to the projection 57 of the lower conductive band 56
of the heater means 50 while the other lead 59 is adapted to
project through the interior of the tubular member 51 and out of
the upper end 55 thereof to be soldered or otherwise attached to
the projection 57 of the upper conductive band 56 in the manner
illustrated in FIG. 1. With the leads 58 and 59 being appropriately
secured and sealed in the openings 60 and 61 of the end closure 54,
it can be seen that the leads 58 and 59 not only secure the tubular
member 51 thereto, but also the leads 58 and 59 provide electrical
connection to the opposed ends 54 and 55 of the conductive coating
52.
As previously stated, it is believed that when electrical current
is applied to the conductive coating 52 in a manner hereinafter
described, the conductive coating 52 will present a uniform thermal
flux to the thermally responsive medium 36' adjacent thereto
throughout substantially the entire surface area of the coating 52
so that no "hot spots" will occur and the medium 36' will thereby
be uniformally heated and vaporized adjacent the inside and outside
surfaces of the heater 50 for the purpose previously described
whereby it is believed that the heater 50 will not tend to break
down the thermally responsive medium 36' as might be the case when
"hot spots" occur in heater means of conventional form.
The devices 26A and 26B previously described respectively have
their bracket members 41 provided with pivot pins 62 and 63 that
project through elongated openings or slots 64 and 65 in the lever
21 respectively formed on opposite sides of the pivot pin 22 in the
manner illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 to operate the lever in a
manner hereinafter described.
The lever 21 has a conductive flange 66 disposed adjacent a pair of
spring biased contact members 67 and 68 respectively carried on
conductive rods 69 and 70 disposed for axial movement in tubular
insulating members 71 and 72 fixed to the vehicle door or the like
and being urged upwardly by compression springs 73 and 74
respectively disposed between the insulating sleeves 71 and 72 and
enlarged parts 75 and 76 of the contact members 67 and 68 until
enlarged ends 77 and 78 of the rods 69 and 70 engage against the
lower ends of the insulating sleeves 71 and 72 to limit further
upward movement thereof.
The conductive flange 66 of the lever 22 can be interconnected to
ground by an electrical lead 79 as illustrated in FIG. 1.
The rod 69 of the contact member 67 is interconnected by the lead
80 to the lead 59 of the thermally actuated device 26A while the
rod 70 of the contact member 68 is interconnected by the lead 81 to
the lead 58 of the device 26B.
The electrical power soure or battery for the vehicle containing
the door latching arrangement 20 of this invention is generally
indicated by the reference numeral 82 and has one side 83
interconnected to ground by a lead 84 and the other side 85 thereof
interconnected to a power source lead 86 for the door latching
arrangement 20. Normally open "unlock" and "lock" switches, that
are generally indicated by the reference numeral 87 and 88 in FIG.
1, have one side or contact 89 and 90 thereof interconnected to the
power source lead 86 while the other side or contact 91 of the
switch 87 is interconnected by a lead 92 to the lead 58 of the
device 26A and the other side or contact 93 of the switch 88 is
interconnected by a lead 94 to the lead 59 of the device 26B. The
switches 87 and 88 respectively have movable switch blade means 95
and 96 for bridging the contact points 89, 91 and 90, 93 thereof
for respectively closing the switches 87 and 88, but automatically
return to the open position thereof when manually released.
The operation of the door latching arrangement 20 of this invention
will not be described.
Assuming that the door latching arrangement 20 is in the position
illustrated in FIG. 1 wherein the end 23 of the lever 21 is in the
up position thereof so that the manually operated plunger of the
vehicle door latching mechanism is in its up and thus unlocked
position and it is desired to move the same to its door locking
position, the operator merely closes the lock switch 88 whereby the
switch blade 96 bridges the contacts 90 and 93 and thus permits
electrical current to flow from the power source lead 86 and lead
59 of the device 26B through the conductive coating 52 of the
heater means 50, lead 58, lead 81 and contact 68 to ground through
the conductive flange 66 and lead 79 of the lever 21 so that the
electrical heater 50 for the device 26B is energized to cause the
freon 36' therein adjacent the heater 50 to vaporize almost
instantaneously and thereby expand and drive the rolling diaphragm
33 upwardly in the manner illustrated in FIG. 2 whereby the lever
21 pivots in a counterclockwise direction on the pilot pin 22
thereof so that the end 23 of the lever moves to the door lock
position as illustrated in FIG. 2.
As the lever 21 is pivoting in a counterclockwise direction about
the pivot pin 22 from the position illustrated in FIG. 1 to the
position illustrated in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the flange 66
of the lever 21 eventually pivots away from the contact 68 as the
end 78 of the rod 70 thereof bottoms out against the conductive
sleeve 72 to thereby break the flow of current through the heater
50 of the actuator 26B whereby the device 26B cannot be actuated by
the switch 88 when the lever 21 is in the door locking position of
FIG. 2. Also, this feature of terminating current flow to the
heater 50 before the stroke of the actuated device 26B is completed
eliminates the need for circuit breakers for the system 20. Thus,
the switch 88 is only operable for moving the lever 21 to its door
locking position of FIG. 2. Likewise, when the lever 21 is in its
door unlcoked position of FIG. 1, the device 26A cannot be actuated
by the door unlock switch 87 since the contact button 67 is away
from the conductive flange 66 of the level 21 whereby no current
can flow through the heater 50 of the device 26A unless the lever
21 is in its door locked position as FIG. 2.
Thus, when it is desired to unlock the door from the door locked
position of FIG. 2 to the door unlocked condition of FIG. 1, the
unlock switch 87 is moved to its closed position to thereby permit
electrical current to flow through the electrical heater 50 of the
device 26a since the contact member 67 is in engagement with the
conductive flange 66 of the lever 21, whereby the heater 50 of the
device 26A is energized and thereby vaporizes the freon 36'
adjacent the same to cause the rolling diaphragm 33 of the device
26A to move upwardly and therby drive the piston member 37 thereof
upwardly to pivot the lever 21 in a clockwise direction about the
pivot pin 22 from the position illustrated in FIG. 2 to the
position illustrated in FIG. 1. Thus, the door lock plunger is
moved to its unlocked position and as the lever 21 is moving to the
unlocked position illustrated in FIG. 1, the conductive flange 66
of the lever 21 moves out of contact with the contact 67 to break
the electrical circuit to the heater means 50 of the device 26A so
that the device 26A cannot be again acutated until the lever 21 is
in its door locked position of FIG. 2.
Since the door latching member 21 is held in the unlocked position
of FIG. 1 or the locked position of FIG. 2 by the conventional
detent means of the door latching mechanism, and since the pistons
37 of the devices 26A and 26B are directly interconnected to the
latch member 21, stops need not be provided to prevent the piston
members 37 from bearing against the diaphragms 33 when the
diaphragms 33 are in their down and at rest positions as
illustrated in FIG. 1 so that such piston members 37 will not
unduly stress such diaphragms 33 in their relaxed or deactuated
condition.
Also, should an attempt be made to actuate the device 26A while the
actuator 26B still has its medium 36' in an actuated or expanded
condition thereof, such as illustrated in FIG. 2, even though once
the heater means 50 has been deenergized and the heat sink effect
of the surrounding mechanism will almost simultaneously cause the
medium 36' to cool in a second or so to permit the actuated
diaphragm 33 to move down to its at rest position, suitable overrun
springs could be provided between the piston parts 38 of the piston
members 37 and their associated bracket means 41 to take up such
dual actuation forces as will be apparent in connection with the
description of the embodiment of the system of FIGS. 8-11 that will
be hereinafter described.
Therefore, it can be seen that the door lock arrangement 20 of this
invention permits the door latch member 21 to be remotely
controlled by the devices 26A and 26B between its locked position
of FIG. 2 and its unlocked position of FIG. 1 by utilizing the
relatively small theremally actuated devices 26A and 26B in the
manner previously described.
However, it is to be understood that the devices 26A and 26B can be
utilized for other motion transmitting purposes than the door
latching arrangement 20 previously described.
Another thermally actuated device of this invention is generally
indicated by the reference numeral 100 in FIG. 5 and parts thereof
similar to the devices 26A and 26B previously described are
indicated by like reference numerals followed by the reference
letter "C".
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the device 100 includes the piston member
37C and heater means 50C previously described but has a different
housing means 101 and rolling diaphragm 122 now to be
described.
The housing means 101 comprises a one piece tubular member 102
having opposed ends 103 and 104 and the rolling diaphragm 122 has a
tubular portion 105 extending down along the internal peripheral
surface 106 of the housing member 102 from the fold 107 thereof to
be crimped by the end 104 of the housing member 102 around an
annular flange 108 of the end closure member 34C of the heater
means 50C whereby not only does the tubular portion 105 of the
rolling diaphragm 122 fluid seal the housing member 102 to the end
closure 34C, but also the tubular portion 105 of the rolling
diaphragm 122 together with the end closure 34C completely borders
the chamber 36C for the thermally responsive medium 36'C with
electrically insulating material except for the leads 58C and 59C
so that the lead 59C could be disposed externally to the tubular
member 51C as the same would be completely insulated from the
casing 102 by the rolling diaphragm 122 and no short circuiting
would take place therebetween.
For example, another thermally actuated device of this invention is
generally indicated by the reference numeral 110 in FIGS. 6 and 7
and parts thereof similar to the device 100 are indicated by like
reference numerals followed by the letter "D".
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the actuator 110 is provided with the
tubular portion 105D of the rolling diaphragm 122D extending down
along the internal peripheral surface 106D of the one piece tubular
housing member 102D in the same manner as provided for the actuator
100 except that the tubular portion 105D of the rolling diaphragm
122D terminates in an outwardly directed annular flange 111 and the
lower end of the tubular housing member 102D likewise terminates in
an outwardly directed annular flange 112 complimentary thereto. A
disc-like end closure member 113 of electrically insulating
material cooperates with the flange 111 of the rolling diaphragm
122D to sandwich the leads 58D and 59D therebetween so that the
leads 58D and 59D can project outwardly therefrom for lead
attachment purposes while being compressed between the flange 111
of the rolling diaphragm 122D and the end closure 113 by a clip
member 114 disposed against the end closure 113 and having bent
over fingers or annular flange 115 gripping against the flange 112
of the housing member 102C in the manner illustrated in FIG. 6. The
flange 115 can have suitable openings passing therethrough through
which the leads 58D and 59D can project or the flange 115 can
comprise a plurality of fingers between which the leads 58D and 59D
can project.
If desired, the annular flange 111 of the rolling diaphragm 122D
and the end closure 113 can have suitable grooves 116 and 117
formed therein in the manner illustrated in FIG. 7 to facilitate
the assembly of the leads 58D and 59D therebetween if the material
for the flange 111 and end closure 113 is not sufficiently
resilient to completely capture the leads 58D and 59D therebetween
when the clip 114 secures the same together.
While the door latching arrangement 20 previously described is of
the two lead type and has the pistons 37 of the thermally actuated
devices 26A and 26B directly interconnected to the latch member 21,
it is to be understood that the door latching system of this
invention could be so constructed and arranged that a one wire or
one lead electrical circuit could be provided which would be more
compatible for an automobile door latching system and/or the door
latching arrangement could be such that the pistons of the
thermally actuated devices could merely provide a pushing function
on the door latch member without being directly interconnected
thereto.
For example, such a door latching system of this invention is
generally indicated by the reference numeral 20E in FIGS. 8-10 and
parts thereof similar to the system 20 previously described are
indicated by like reference numerals followed by the reference
letter "E".
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the system 20E includes two like
thermally actuated devices 26E and 26E' with the devices 26E and
26E' being identical in structure and thereby having the same
reference numeral and letter for like parts thereof.
Each actuator 26E and 26E' has the terminal 58E interconnected to
the conductive coating 52E of the heater means 50E by conductive
clip means 56E previously described. However, the upper end of the
conductive coating 52E of each heater 50 is interconnected to the
conductive housing means 27E by a conductive cap 150 disposed on
the upper end of the tubular member 51E and held thereto by spring
fingers 151 of the cap member 150 illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 11,
the cap member 150 having a large resilient finger 152 thereof
extending outwardly therefrom and bearing against the insdie
surface of the housing means 27E to electrically interconnnect the
conductive coating 52E to the housing means 27E. In this manner,
the housing means 27E is interconnected to ground through the frame
structure of the automobile in a conventional manner as the frame
structure of the automobile is normally considered as ground for
the electrcial system for the automobile, such ground circuit being
schematically illustrated by the ground leads 153 in FIG. 8.
The projecting portion 38E of each piston 37E of the devices 26E
and 26E' is interconnected to one leg 154 of a U-shaped overrun
spring member 155 having the other leg 156 thereof provided with a
bumper means 157 for bumping aagainst the latch member 21E to cause
the same to pivot about its pivot point 22E for door locking and
unlocking means in a manner hereinafter described.
Because the pistons 37E of the actuators 26E and 26E' are not
directly interconnected to the door latch member 21E, the same
normally are disposed in their down position as illustrated in FIG.
8 and in order to prevent the weight of such piston member 37E from
unduly stressing the diaphragms 33E in their relaxed condition,
suitable stationary stop means 158 can be carried by the frame
structure of the vehicle so that the legs 154 of the overrun
springs 155 will bear against the same when the devices 26E and
26E' are in their deactuated condition of FIG. 8 so that the stop
means 158 will bear the weight of the piston means 37E and not the
diaphragms 33E.
A pair of electrical switches 159 and 160 are carried by the frame
means of the vehicle so as to have the respective plungers 161 and
162 thereof engaged by the latch member 21E in such a manner that
the plunger 161 of the switch 159 is only the closed position
thereof when the latch member 21E is in its door unlatched position
of FIG. 8 and only during part of the time that the door latch
member 21E is moving from the door unlatched position of FIG. 8
towards the door latching position of FIG. 9. Similarly, the
plunger 162 of the switch 160 is only moved to its closed position
when the latch member 21E is in its door latched position of FIG. 9
or during part of the travel from the door latched position of FIG.
9 toward the door unlatched position of FIG. 8 for a purpose as
will be apparent hereinafter.
The switch 159 when closed by its plunger 161 is adapted to
interconnect a lead 163 with a lead 164, the lead 163 being
interconnected to the contact 93E of the door latching switch 88E
and the lead 164 being interconnected to the terminal 58E of the
device 26E. Thus, since the contact 90E of the door latching switch
88E is interconnected by the lead 86E to the side 85E of the
vehicle battery 82E, current is adapted to flow through the
conductive coating 52E of the heater means 50 of the device 26E
only when the switch 88E is moved to its closed position and the
switch 159 is in its closed position whereby the flow of current is
from the battery 82E, lead 86E, lead 163, lead 164, terminal 58E,
conductive coating 52E, end cap 150 and actuator housing 27E to
ground by the lead 153 for causing the device 26E to drive the
piston 37E upwardly in the manner previously described by
vaporizing the freon 36'E adjacent the heater 50E as illustrated in
FIG. 9. Thus, the bumper 157 on the U-shaped spring 155 is adapted
to engage against the latch member 21E and pivot the same in a
counterclockwise direction to move the same from the latching
position of FIG. 8 to the door unlatching position of FIG. 9.
During such upward movement of the piston 37E, it can be seen that
the latch member 21E will move away from the plunger 161 of the
switch 159 to thereby terminate the flow of current to the heater
means 50E of the actuator 26E before the full stroke of the piston
37E is reached whereby once the actuator 26E has reached the full
stroke position of FIG. 9, the heat sink arrangement of the vehicle
framing means sufficiently cools the medium 36'E in the chamber 36E
to permit the diaphragm 33E to move back downwardly to its
deactuated position of FIG. 8 and the piston 37E will follow
therewith until the leg 154 of the overrun spring 155 engages
against the stop 158 as illustrated in FIG. 8.
With the latch member 21E now in the door latching position of FIG.
9, it can be seen that the door latch member 21E is now engaging
the plunger 162 of the switch 160 to interconnect a lead 165 with a
lead 166, the lead 165 being interconnected to the contact 91E of
the door unlatching switch 87E and the lead 166 being
interconnected to the terminal 58E of the actuator 26E'.
Thus, when it is desired to move the latch member 21E from the door
latching position of FIG. 9 back to the door unlatching position of
FIG. 8, the switch 87E is closed and the heater means 50E of the
device 26E' is now energized in the manner previously described to
drive the piston 37E thereof upwardly to engage its bumper 157
against the member 21E and pivot the same in a clockwise direction
about the pivot 22E to move the same from the latched position of
FIG. 9 to the door unlatched position of FIG. 8. During such
clockwise movement of the door latch member 21E, the switch 160 is
opened so that the medium 36'E therein can again be liquidified
through the heat sink arrangement of the door frame means in a
matter of a second or so after the termination of the operation of
the heater 50E whereby the diaphragm 33E and piston 37E of the
actuator 26E' can again return to its relaxed position of FIG. 8
with the overrun spring 155 being held by the stop 158 as
illustrated in FIG. 8.
In those extremely rare cases where a person has caused an
actuation of the device 26E or 26E' and before the medium 36'E
therein has been reliquified, the person causes the other device
26E' or 26E to be actuated so that both devices 26E and 26E' are
operating against the lever 21E in a manner to fight against each
other, it can be seen that the overrun springs 155 will have the
legs 154 and 156 thereof compressed toward each other in the manner
illustrated in FIG. 10 to take up such dual expansion of the medium
36'E of the devices 26E and 26E' so that there will be no adverse
forces imposed on the devices 26E and 26E' that would harm the
same. Thus, when the devices 26E and 26E' are fighting against each
other in the manner illustrated in FIG. 10, the door latch member
21E is out of contact with both plungers 161 and 162 of the
switches 159 and 160 so that the flow current to the heater means
50E thereof is terminatted whereby the pistons 37E will
subsequently move to their deactuated positions and the detent
means for the door latching means will cause the door latch member
21E to move to either the latching or unlatching position thereof
as the case may be.
Thus, it can be seen that the door latching arrangement 20E of
FIGS. 8-11 provides a one wire or one lead electrical system
suitable for automobile use and the same readily permits both
devices to be actuated without adverse affect on the door latching
system, the devices not being directly interconnected to the door
latch member 21E, but being operatively associated therewith.
In order to insure that the medium 36'E in the devices 26E and 26E'
is readily accessible to the interior of the tubular heater means
50E, the end caps 150 for interconnecting the upper end of the
coatings 52E to the housing means 27E can have suitable openings
provided therein as illustrated by the reference numeral 167 in
FIG. 11 with the openings 167 being formed by the formation of the
tang means 151 of the cap 150, if desired.
Further, such caps 150 can be further modified to permit an
internal lead to be inteconnected to the upper end of the
conductive coating 52E in the manner illustrated in FIG. 12 wherein
the internal lead 59E is electrically interconnected by a resilient
finger 168 of the end cap 150 bearing against the same with the end
cap 150 being resiliently secured on the upper end of the tubular
heater 50E by the spring fingers 151 in the manner previously
described.
As previously stated, it may be desired to maintain all of the
embodiments of the devices 26 of this invention in a substantially
vertical position thereof as illustrated in order to insure proper
operation thereof because it may be found that the heater means 50
of the devices 26 must remain completely submerged in the medium
36' during heating thereof to prevent the heater means 50 from
getting too hot and perhaps burning out. Also, it may be found that
it is desired to have the heater means 50 each supported in a
raised relation to the bottoms of the respective devices 26 so that
the medium 36' is free to flow through the centers of the heater
means 50 for better heat transfer to the medium 36' as well as for
insuring that the heater means 50 will not become too hot through
the improved circulation of the medium 36' relative thereto.
Therefore, it can be seen that not only have improved thermally
actuated devices been provided by this invention over the form of
the devices set forth in the aforementioned U.S. patents, but also
this invention provides an improved remoted controlled door locking
arrangement or the like.
While the forms of the invention now preferred have been described
and illustrated as required by the patent statute, it is to be
understood that other forms can be utilized and still come within
the scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *