U.S. patent number 3,913,181 [Application Number 05/420,084] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-21 for paper clip having a coated inside loop surface.
Invention is credited to Brooks Walker.
United States Patent |
3,913,181 |
Walker |
October 21, 1975 |
Paper clip having a coated inside loop surface
Abstract
A paper clip of the kind having two resiliently biased gripping
elements for gripping the opposite sides of paper sheets has a
coating which increases the adhesion between the paper clip and the
paper to which it is clipped. The coating is disposed on only an
inside, paper contacting surface of one of the gripping elements. A
method of applying the coating to the surface includes clipping the
paper clip over a side edge of a conveyor belt and spraying or
rolling the coating on the outer exposed surface of one of the
gripping elements and then removing the clip from the conveyor belt
so that the coated surface can be used as the paper contacting
surface.
Inventors: |
Walker; Brooks (San Francisco,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
23665017 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/420,084 |
Filed: |
November 29, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
24/67.9; D19/65;
24/564 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B42F
1/08 (20130101); Y10T 24/205 (20150115); Y10T
24/44932 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B42F
1/00 (20060101); B42F 1/08 (20060101); B42F
001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;24/67.9,73C,81PC,243P,255P,259PF,261PC,261F,DIG.8,DIG.10 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Larkin; Geo. V.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Owen, Wichersham & Erickson
Claims
I claim:
1. A paper clip formed of a single wire bent to have an outer half
loop and an internesting inner half loop at one end, a single half
loop at the other end and two adjacent straight wire sections
extending generally parallel to one another at each side of the
paper clip between said opposite ends for forming the gripping
elements in combination with the internesting outer and inner half
loops at said one end, said paper clip including a coating of
non-metallic material for increasing the friction between the clip
and the paper disposed on a portion not greater than half of the
peripheral surface of that part of the wire which forms the
straight wire sections and the internesting outer and inner half
loops and wherein the coated portion of the peripheral surface of
the inside half loop and straight wire sections is disposed on a
side opposite to that of the outside half loop and straight wire
sections so as to present opposed coated surfaces effective to grip
the opposite sides of the paper inserted between the half loop ends
and straight wire sections.
2. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein the coating is a rubber
composition.
3. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein the coating is an
adhesive which adheres to the paper or other sheet material but
does not stick to the paper when the clip is removed.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to clips of the kind used for clipping
together sheets of paper or other similar materials. It relates
particularly to a paper clip having a coated inside surface for
increasing the adhesion between the paper clip and the material to
which it is clipped and to a method of applying the coating to only
an inside, paper contacting surface of one of the gripping
elements.
Most paper clips in commercial use are formed from a single wire or
metal strip, usually by bending the wire or stamping the strip, and
have a configuration in which the part of the clip which engages
one side of the paper is disposed more or less in the same plane as
the part of the clip which grips the other side of the paper. The
gripping elements may be formed as internestled loops or may be
formed in circular or triangular configurations, and the clip
depends primarily on the resiliency of the wire or metal strip for
exerting the gripping force. With such paper clips there is a
practical limitation on the amount of the gripping force that can
be developed, and the geometry of the clip construction is such
that in some cases only a relatively small part of the paper clip
surface is engaged with material to be clipped. This may happen
when the loops have to be spread wide apart to clip a large number
of sheets presenting a substantial width.
Various techniques have been proposed and incorporated into such
paper clips in the past in order to enhance the gripping action.
Thus, roughened surfaces, such as knurled surfaces, have been used,
and friction increasing coatings have also been used.
U.S Pat. No. 2,324,929 to Jennings shows a paper clip construction
in which the inside surfaces 9 and 10 are roughened to enhance the
gripping action.
U.S. Pats. Nos. 2,101,195 and 2,047,129 to Randall show a paper
clip having a coating of friction material 6 which covers the paper
clip.
Roughening the surfaces of paper clips can present the problem of
tears with soft papers, particularly if burrs are formed when the
surface is roughened.
Coatings can be more effective than roughened surfaces, but such
coatings add to the expense of manufacture and are undesirable on
the surfaces that do not actually engage the paper to be
clipped.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention recognizes that it is necessary that only the
surfaces of the clip that contact the paper need to be coated and
further, that it is necessary for most applications that only one
of such surfaces be coated.
In a specific form of the present invention a conventional paper
clip (of the kind formed by bending a wire into an outer loop and
an internesting inner loop) has a coating applied to the inside
surface of only one of the loops.
The coating is applied to this surface by clipping the clip over a
side edge of a conveyor belt or sheet and then spraying or rolling
the coating on the outer surface as the clip is transported past
the coating station by the conveyor belt or the roller is rolled
over the clip.
The clip is removed from the belt and can then be used with the
coated surface as one of the paper contacting surfaces.
Paper clip apparatus and methods which incorporate the techniques
and structures described above and which are effective to function
as described above constitute specific objects of this
invention.
Other objects, advantages and features of my invention will become
apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred
embodiments taken with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a paper clip constructed in
accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an end elevation view in cross-section taken along the
line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 2--2 in FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a view like FIG. 2 but showing the paper clip in use with
the coated surface engaging one side of the papers being clipped
together;
FIG. 4 is an elevation view in section along the same line 2--2 as
in FIG. 2 and illustrates one embodiment of a method for applying
the coating by spraying; and
FIG. 5 is a view like FIG. 4 but showing another embodiment of a
method for applying the coating by a roller.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A paper clip constructed in accordance with one specific embodiment
of the present invention is indicated generally by the reference
numeral 10 in FIG. 1.
The paper clip 10 of the FIG. 1 embodiment is a conventional wire
formed clip, except for the coating of the present invention, and
comprises a steel wire 12 bent to form an outer, oblong, partial
loop 14 and an inner, oblong, partial loop 16. As will be apparent
from the description to follow, the present invention can be
equally well applied to clips having other structural elements,
such as stamped strips, and other geometric configurations, such as
circles, triangles, etc.
In accordance with the present invention a coating 18 is disposed
on an inside surface of the inner loop or gripping element. The
coating 18 may be composed of any substance which substantially
increases the effectiveness of the frictional engagement with the
paper or other material to be gripped over the effectiveness of the
wire 12 surface alone. Rubber compositions have been found to be
particularly suitable. Dry adhesive compositions, that is,
compositions which, after drying on the clip increase the
frictional engagement with the paper on contact with the paper, but
do not stick to the paper or printing on the paper or mark the
paper or printing, have also been found quite suitable.
FIG. 3 illustrates how the paper clip 10 is used to clip sheets 20
of paper or other material together. As illustrated in FIG. 3 the
paper clip 10 is clipped onto a stack of sheets 20 so that the
coating 18 engages one surface of the stack to hold the clip in
nonslipping contact, except when a force is applied to the dip to
remove the clip without damaging the paper or printing thereon or
leaving an adhesive coating on the paper.
In accordance with the present invention the coating 18 can be
quickly and easily applied in a low cost production operation by
clipping the clips on a conveyor belt which transports the clips
past a coating station; and the conveyor belt which transports the
clips serves the additional function of confining the coating to
just the inside surface on one loop of the paper clip. That is, the
conveyor belt acts as a barrier and transporter to prevent the
application of the coating to other surfaces of the clip or to
present only limited surfaces of the dip to the coating
application, as will be apparent from FIGS. 4 and 5.
In FIG. 4 a paper clip 10 is shown slipped over a side edge of a
conveyor belt 22 with the inner loop 16 on one side of the belt and
the outer loop 18 on the other side of the belt.
The coating 18 is applied by one or more spray nozzles 24 as the
clip 10 is transported (in the direction indicated by the arrow A)
through the spraying station provided by the spray nozzles.
The belt 22 could, of course, be stationary, and the spray nozzle
24 could be moved along the belt in an alternate embodiment.
In either case the belt 22 is sufficiently wide to cover the lower
loop beneath the belt so that no coating is applied to this loop at
the time the coating 18 is sprayed on the outer surface of the
upper loop 16.
To increase the efficiency of the spraying operation the nozzle 24
can be connected by an electrical conduit 26 to an electrolytic
spray control 28 and a grounding or charged plate 30 according to
known electrolytic spraying techniques to increase the attraction
of the spray to a portion of the clip and not to the belt
transporting the clips.
FIG. 5 shows another method for applying the coating 18. In the
FIG. 5 embodiment a roller 40 is rolled over the outer surfaces of
the loops 16 (in the direction indicated by the arrow B) to apply
the coating 18. The belt or sheet 42 (which acts as a support and a
barrier in the same way as the belt 22 in FIG. 4) is either held
stationary as the roller 40 is rolled down the length of the sheet
42, or the sheet 42 is pulled beneath the roller to serve as a
conveyor belt. A suitable stop 48 prevents the roller from
contacting the belt and suitable means not shown applies the proper
adhesive to the roller.
After the clip 10 is removed from the belt 22 or sheet 42, the
coated surface 18 is then used as the surface which engages the
paper, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
While the present invention has been described in detail with
reference to a specific wire loop type of paper clip, the invention
is equally applicable to clips having other structural elements and
other geometric configurations.
It is also possible to apply a second adhesive coating on the other
paper engaging surface of the loop 18 by leaving the clips on the
conveyor belt 22 or sheet 42 and turning the belt or sheet over to
repeat the coating operations as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 on the
outer surface of the loop 18 or applying a roller or spray on the
underside of the belt carrying the clips. Alternatively the second
coating may be applied by spraying from the underside of the belt
simultaneously with the spraying from the top side as illustrated
in FIG. 4 or by a roller 50 on the underside of the belt (see FIG.
5). The roller 50 also helps support the belt in the same way as
the support plate 30.
The present invention thus provides a paper clip construction
having a coating surface on only the surface which engages the
paper or only in the area of the clip that engages the paper when
the clip is properly applied to the paper, and the present
invention also provides a simple method for applying the coating to
just that surface.
To those skilled in the art to which this invention relates, many
changes in construction and widely differing embodiments and
applications of the invention will suggest themselves without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The
disclosures and the description herein are purely illustrative and
are not intended to be in any sense limiting.
* * * * *