U.S. patent number 3,911,265 [Application Number 05/392,496] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-07 for light fixture.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Esquire, Inc.. Invention is credited to Robert L. Holder, Leon L. Landrum.
United States Patent |
3,911,265 |
Landrum , et al. |
* October 7, 1975 |
Light fixture
Abstract
A light fixture in which the non-electrical end of a lamp is
held by a socket having heat insulating and cushioning surfaces
arranged in a generally conical pattern.
Inventors: |
Landrum; Leon L. (Houston,
TX), Holder; Robert L. (Nacogdoches, TX) |
Assignee: |
Esquire, Inc. (New York,
NY)
|
[*] Notice: |
The portion of the term of this patent
subsequent to December 25, 1990 has been disclaimed. |
Family
ID: |
26894587 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/392,496 |
Filed: |
August 29, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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199232 |
Nov 16, 1971 |
3781539 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
362/362;
362/296.01 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
19/007 (20130101); F21V 19/009 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
19/00 (20060101); F21v 021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/3,52R,90,41BM,44.2,153 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Braun; Fred L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hyer; W. F. Eickenroht; Marvin
B.
Parent Case Text
This is a division of Application Ser. No. 199,232, filed Nov. 16,
1971, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,781,539.
Claims
The invention having been described, what is claimed is:
1. A socket for use in engaging the non-electrical end of the lamp
mounted in the housing of a light fixture, comprising a body having
a tubular base having means on one end providing heat insulating
and cushioning surfaces which diverge outwardly therefrom in a
generally conical pattern, and internal threads adapted to receive
a threaded pin on a wall of the housing in order to mount said heat
insulating and cushioning surfaces in a position to engage and move
axially toward and away from the non-electrical end of the
lamp.
2. A light fixture, comprising a housing, a first socket in the
housing for receiving the electrical end of a lamp, a second socket
in the housing including a tubular base and means providing heat
insulating and cushioning surfaces which diverge outwardly in a
generally conical pattern from one end of the tubular base, a pin
on the housing telescopically arranged within the tubular base to
mount said base of the second socket coaxially of the first socket,
and the insulating and cushioning surfaces in position to engage
the opposite end of the lamp when its electrical end is received by
said first socket, and permit said second socket to be moved
axially toward and away from the first socket, and means on said
tubular base and pin which are engageable with one another to
permit the second socket to be held in a desired axial position
relative to said first socket.
3. A light fixture of the character defined in claim 2, wherein the
engageable means comprises threads on the pin and tubular base.
Description
This invention relates generally to light fixtures and parts
thereof. More particularly, it relates to improvements in fixtures
of the type in which the non-electrical end of a lamp is engaged so
as to hold the lamp in proper alignment with a reflector and
prevent it from being broken due to jars and vibrations.
As noted in U.S. Pat. No. 3,001,060, which is assigned to the
assignee of the present invention, light fixtures of this type are
especially useful at industrial locations, where the lamps are
large and heavy and often subjected to such jars and vibrations. In
accordance with such patent, a socket having a cylindrical heat
insulating and cushioning surface was mounted in the housing of the
fixture for fitting closely over a similarly shaped protuberance on
the non-electrical end of a metal halide type lamp known in the art
as a "Bulged Tubular" or "BT".
Although the light fixture of U.S. Pat. No. 3,001,060 represented a
substantial improvement over the prior art, the cylindrically
shaped heat insulating and cushioning surface of its socket was not
well suited for holding the non-electrical end of another metal
halide type lamp known in the art as an "Elliptical" or "E". As its
name implies, the non-electrical end of this type lamp is
elliptically shaped, and, in accordance with U.S. Pat. No.
3,284,621, which is also assigned to the assignee of the present
invention, it was proposed to hold such a lamp by means of a pin
having a heat insulating and cushioning surface for fitting closely
within a recess or dimple in the non-electrical end thereof.
In accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 3,459,934, also assigned to the
assignee of the present invention, a light fixture was provided
with means for alternately holding either a "BT" lamp or an "E"
lamp. Thus, as shown in this latter patent, a button having an
external heat insulating and cushioning surface and a socket having
an internal cylindrical heat insulating and cushioning surface were
so arranged within a housing that either could be selectively moved
into and out of operative positions for engaging the non-electrical
end of one such lamp.
In the fixtures illustrated in each of the foregoing patents, the
electrical socket is releasably secured across an access opening
into the housing of the fixture to permit relamping. Thus, the
non-electrical end of the lamp is moved into engagement with the
socket or button for holding it as the electrical socket is moved
into secured position. In accordance with the light fixtures
illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,610,915, and pending application,
Ser. No. 815,003, filed Apr. 10, 1969, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,666,934
both of which are also assigned to the assignee of the present
application, it is proposed to permit relamping without removal of
the electrical socket, by permitting either or both of the
electrical socket and non-electrical socket for engaging the
opposite end of a lamp to be adjusted in a direction axially of the
wall of the fixture on which it's mounted to enable the lamp to be
moved into and out of positions between them.
For this purpose, the lamp is preferably tilted to a position in
which its electrical end may be moved substantially axially into
the electrical socket, and then swung into a position in which its
non-electrical end is axially opposite the non-electrical socket,
after which the sockets may be moved relatively toward one another
so as to hold the lamp therebetween. However, although providing
improvements over the fixtures of the prior patents in this
respect, these latter fixtures nevertheless are adapted to hold
only one type of lamp -- in this case, a "BT" type. Thus, in the
interest of reducing the required relative axial movement between
the sockets, and thus the wall-to-wall spacing within the housing,
the non-electrical socket is relatively shallow and thus
particularly ill suited for holding an "E" type lamp.
An object of this invention is to provide a light fixture having a
socket which is also adapted to hold the non-electrical ends of
these different types of lamps, but which does not require dual,
alternatively usable lamp engaging parts, and, in its preferred
embodiment, does not require that either socket be removed from the
fixture housing in order to relamp.
Another object is to provide such a light fixture having a
non-electrical socket which is of such construction that it
interferes to only a small extent with maximum transmission of
light from the lamp.
A further object is to provide such a light fixture of this type
which enables a lamp to be installed or removed from between it and
an electrical socket with a minimum amount of relative movement
therebetween, and thus with minimum wall-to-wall spacing
requirements within the fixture housing.
These and other objects are accomplished, in accordance with the
illustrated embodiments of this invention, by a light fixture
having a non-electrical socket which provides heat insulating and
cushioning surfaces which diverge outwardly toward the electrical
socket and in a generally conical pattern arranged axially thereof.
Thus, the surfaces of the non-electrical socket are adapted to
engage and hold any one of a cylindrically shaped end of a "BT"
lamp, an elliptically shaped end of an "E" lamp, or the spherically
shaped end of a "Tubular" or "T" metal halide type lamp.
In the illustrated and preferred embodiments of the invention, the
sockets are mounted on oppositely facing walls of the housing, and
are caused to move relative to one another by means for moving at
least one of them toward and away from the wall on which it's
mounted. In this way, the lamp may be inserted between, and
conversely removed from between, the sockets upon movement of at
least one of them toward and away from the wall on which it is
mounted, thereby avoiding the necessity of removing the socket from
the housing.
The heat insulating and cushioning surfaces of the non-electrical
socket are circumferentially discontinuous to form at least one
generally "V" shaped opening in the side of the socket whose edges
are circumferentially spaced apart an angle of less than one
hundred eighty degrees. In this manner, the non-electrical end of
the lamp may be moved into and out of alignment with the
non-electrical socket by passing through wide portions of the "V"
shaped opening, so that the socket need not be moved away from the
electrical socket a distance as great as the axial depth of the
socket. Furthermore, the body of the socket upon which the heat
insulating and cushioning surfaces are supported may be of smaller
size and weight, and permits more light to be transmitted from the
lamp than would be possible in the event the conical surfaces were
circumferentially continuous.
More particularly, the socket body includes two or more
circumferentially equally spaced-apart fingers having adjacent side
edges circumferentially spaced apart angles of less than three
hundred sixty degrees divided by the number of such fingers. The
illustrated and preferred socket has three relatively narrow
fingers, with their adjacent edges being now substantially less
than one hundred twenty degrees apart, so as to provide relatively
wide openings through which the non-electrical end of the lamp will
pass, and at the same time provide the firm engagement inherent in
a three point support.
In the drawings, wherein like reference characters are used
throughout to designate like parts:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a light fixture having a "BT" type
lamp mounted therein in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view, partly in section, of the
non-electrical socket of the fixture separated from its mounting on
one end wall of the housing;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the fixture, with the non-electrical
socket moved to the left to permit insertion of a lamp between it
and the electrical socket;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but during insertion of the
lamp;
FIG. 4A is an enlarged sectional view of the non-electrical socket
upon movement of the non-electrical end of the lamp between its
adjacent fingers;
FIG. 5 is another front view of the fixture, with the
non-electrical socket moved to the right into engagement with the
non-electrical end of the lamp;
FIG. 6 is another front view of the fixture, but upon retraction of
the non-electrical socket to permit insertion of an "E" lamp
between it and the electrical socket;
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6, but upon movement of the
non-electrical socket to the right into engagement with the
non-electrical end of the "E" lamp;
FIG. 8 is another front view of the fixture, but with a "T" type
lamp held between its electrical and non-electrical sockets;
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8, but upon movement of the
non-electrical socket to the left and out of engagement with the
non-electrical end of the "T" lamp; and
FIG. 10 is another front view of the fixture, during removal of the
"T" lamp from between its sockets.
With reference now to the details of the above-described drawings,
the fixture best shown in FIG. 1, and indicated in its entirety by
reference character 10, includes a housing 11 having oppositely
facing side walls 12 and 13, upper and lower walls 14 and 15, and a
window 16 in its front end. The window is closed by a pane 17 of
glass carried by a frame 17A releasably attached in any suitable
manner across the front end. The fixture housing 11 may be mounted
by supports 18 for swinging about a horizontal axis so as to
reflect light in a desired direction through the window.
A reflector 19, which is curved both horizontally and vertically,
is mounted within the housing with its concave side spaced from and
facing the window 16. An electrical socket 20 is mounted on the
right side wall 13 and a non-electrical socket 21 is mounted on the
left side wall 12 of the housing in generally axially aligned
relation with one another. More particularly, the sockets 20 and 21
extend through holes 22 and 23, respectively, in opposite sides of
the reflector for engaging the opposite ends of a "BT" lamp 24 so
as to hold it firmly in position between the reflector and the
window. More particularly, the lamp is so held with the center of
its line source of light coinciding with the focal center of the
reflector 19, whereby a symmetrical pattern of light is reflected
through the window 16.
The electrical socket 20 is of conventional construction including
the usual ceramic sleeve 25 secured to the wall 13 and having
threads 26 therein to receive threads 27 on the electrical end of
the lamp 24. Thus, as well known in the art, in the making up and
breaking out of such threads, the electrical end of the lamp is
moved axially into and out of the sleeve 25 to engage and disengage
its threads with threads 26. As also well known in the art, the
sleeve is of such size as to permit the lamp end to be moved into
and out of it when the lamp is angled or cocked.
As best shown in FIG. 2, the non-electrical socket 21 comprises a
body 28, which may be a metal casting, having a base or tubular
extension 29 and three fingers 30 diverging from the right end of
the tubular extension. As previously described, the socket 21 is
mounted on the side wall 12 of the housing for moving axially
toward and away from the electrical socket 20. Thus, a threaded pin
31 is mounted on the wall 12 for extension inwardly therefrom to
receive threads 32 in the left end of the tubular extension 29. As
best shown in FIG. 2, the pin 31 is mounted on housing wall 12 by
means of a plate 33 secured to raised portions 34 on the wall 12 by
means of screws 35. More particularly, the pin 31 extends through
and is adjustably located with respect to the plate by means of
lock nuts 36 engaging opposite sides of the plate.
As previously described, and as will be apparent from FIG. 2, the
fingers 30 of the socket 21 extend at equal angles with respect to
the axis of the tubular member 29 so that their inner faces are
arranged in a conical pattern coaxial with the socket 20. More
particularly, the fingers are relatively narrow, of the same
length, and generally equally circumferentially spaced apart, so
that their adjacent side edges form "V" shaped openings
therebetween which subtend openings of only slightly less than one
hundred twenty degrees. The circumferentially discontinuous inner
faces of the fingers 30 are covered with a heat insulating and
cushioning material 37, such as asbestos.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, in order to install the lamp 24, the
framed glass is removed from window 16 to receive the lamp
therethrough, and the non-electrical socket 21 is moved axially
over the pin 31 to the left, as shown in FIG. 3. Thus, the lamp may
be tilted somewhat into a position in which its electrical end may
be inserted into and made up with threads 26 on the socket 20. As
the threads are so made up, the lamp is swung into a position
axially aligned with the sockets and thus with its non-electrical
end opposite the socket 21.
As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the protuberance on the non-electrical
end of the "BT" lamp 24 is adapted to pass between adjacent fingers
30 on the socket 21 as it is so swung into alignment with the
electrical and non-electrical sockets. Thus, it's not necessary to
back the socket off an axial distance as great as would be
required, for example, if the conical surfaces of the socket 21
were circumferentially continuous. At the same time, of course, the
pin 31 is so mounted on the wall 12 that its free end will be out
of the way of the non-electrical end of the lamp 24 as the lamp is
swung into alignment with the electrical and non-electrical
sockets.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, when the electrical end of the lamp 24
has been fully made up with the socket 20, the non-electrical
socket 21 may be moved over the pin 31 to the right so as to bring
the heat insulating and cushioning material on the inner faces of
the fingers into firm engagement with the protuberance on the end
of the lamp. As will be understood, the three point engagement of
the socket with the lamp inherently provides a firm and balanced
support, and the narrow fingers reduce to a minimum the size of
casting 28. Still further, the openings 30 permit a maximum of
light to be transmitted from the end of the lamp engaged by the
socket.
Obviously, removal of the lamp 24 for relamping purposes merely
involves a reversal of these procedures above described. That is,
window 16 is opened to permit the non-electrical socket 21 to be
backed off to the extent necessary to permit the non-electrical end
of the lamp to be moved between its fingers, and the threads on the
electrical end of the lamp are backed out of those of socket 20 as
the lamp is swung into the tilted position of FIG. 4.
In FIG. 6, the socket 21 has been moved to the left to
approximately the position shown in FIG. 3 to permit installation
of an "E" type lamp 24A. Thus, the lamp has been tilted to permit
the threads on its electrical end to make up with those of the
socket 20 and the elliptically shaped non-electrical end thereof to
be moved between adjacent fingers of the socket 21. Ordinarily, the
extent to which the socket must be backed off to permit
installation of this type of lamp will be about the same as that
required in order to install a "BT" type lamp, as previously
described. As shown in FIG. 7, upon disposal of the lamp in axial
alignment with the sockets, the socket 21 has been moved to the
right to cause its heat insulating and cushioning surfaces to
firmly engage the end of the lamp 24A.
As previously described, the metal halide lamp 24B shown installed
between the electrical and non-electrical sockets in FIG. 8 is a
Tubular or "T" type. In order to remove this lamp 24B from its
installed position, the socket 21 is first backed off or moved to
the left, as illustrated in FIG. 9, to a position in which the
spherically shaped non-electrical end of the lamp 24B may be moved
through one of the "V" shaped openings between adjacent fingers of
the socket 21. Ordinarily, this will be approximately the same
distance that is required in permitting installation or removal of
the "BT" and "E" lamps illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7.
At any rate, when the socket has been backed off to this extent,
the threads on the electrical end of the lamp 24B may be backed off
from the threads of the electrical socket 20 a distance sufficient
to permit the non-electrical end of the lamp to be tilted somewhat,
as shown in FIG. 10, for movement between the "V" shaped opening as
the threads on the lamp are fully removed from the threads on the
electrical socket.
From the foregoing it will be seen that this invention is one well
adapted to attain all of the ends and objects hereinabove set
forth, together with other advantages which are obvious and which
are inherent to the apparatus.
It will be understood that certain features and subcombinations are
of utility and may be employed without reference to other features
and subcombinations. This is contemplated by and is within the
scope of the claims.
As many possible embodiments may be made of the invention without
departing from the scope thereof, it is to be understood that all
matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to
be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
* * * * *