U.S. patent number 3,908,665 [Application Number 05/471,485] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-30 for oro-pharyngeal airway.
Invention is credited to John A. Moses.
United States Patent |
3,908,665 |
Moses |
September 30, 1975 |
Oro-pharyngeal airway
Abstract
An improved oro-pharyngeal airway which comprises a relatively
short straight bite portion having an extended elongated body
portion formed in the general shape of the normal pharyngeal
contour wherein the outer diameter of the body portion
progressively increases from the distal to proximate end portions
thereof so as to relieve any obstruction to the flow of air by the
base of the tongue falling back on the posterior pharyngeal
wall.
Inventors: |
Moses; John A. (Fairfield,
CT) |
Family
ID: |
23871806 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/471,485 |
Filed: |
May 20, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
128/207.14 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
1/267 (20130101); A61M 16/0495 (20140204); A61M
16/0488 (20130101); A61M 16/0493 (20140204) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
1/267 (20060101); A61M 16/04 (20060101); A61M
016/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/208,351 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pace; Channing L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fattibene; Arthur T.
Claims
1. An oro-pharyngeal airway for use in the practice of
anesthesiology and resuscitation for insertion into a patient's
mouth and pharynx to relieve obstruction to the flow of air that
may be occasioned by the base of the tongue falling back in the
posterior pharyngeal wall comprising:
a generally straight bite portion having a transversely extending
flange at one end thereof,
an extended curved body portion integrally connected to said bite
portion, said curved body portion functioning to maintain the
patency of a pharynx passageway; said curved body portion having a
distal end portion connected to said bite portion and a terminal
proximate end portion to define a unitary airway,
said body portion including spaced apart upper and lower curved
walls, and an interconnecting wall for rigidly maintaining the
spatial relationship between said upper and lower curved walls,
said curved body portion having a cross-sectional area which
progressively
2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said upper and lower
curved walls have a thickness which progressively increases from
said distal to
3. The invention as defined in claim 2 wherein said upper and lower
curved walls and interconnecting wall defines a passageway which is
substantially
4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein the extended body
portion is
5. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said extended body
portion is H-shaped in cross section.
Description
PROBLEM AND PRIOR ART
It is noted that several efforts have been made to develope a
satisfactory respiratory device for insertion into the mouth and
pharynx in the practice of anesthesiology and resuscitation as
evidenced by the patented structures disclosed in the following
noted U.S. Letters Patents: 3,756,244; 3,576,187; 3,568,680;
3,543,751; 3,398,747; 3,306,298; 2,705,959; 2,599,521; and
2,127,215. The known airways which are generally available have a
curved body portion having generally uniform cross section
throughout the length thereof. While such shaped pharyngeal airways
are satisfactory for use on certain patients, it has been noted
that in other patients the known airways will not always or
completely relieve an obstruction to the flow of air. The
incomplete relief of obstruction occurs primarily in those patients
in which the known airway structures fail to elevate the base of
the tongue sufficiently high to maintain the patency of the air
passages.
OBJECTS
An object of this invention is to provide an oro-pharyngeal airway
in which pharyngeal contour portion of the airway is formed with a
progressively increasing outside diameter to more effectively
elevate the base of a patient's tongue to more efficiently relieve
any obstructions to air flow and to more effectively maintain the
patency of the air passages.
Another object is to provide an oro-pharyngeal airway having a
progressively increasing pharyngeal contour portion which can be
readily cleaned.
Another object is to provide an oro-pharyngeal airway in which the
external dimensions of the pharyngeal curved portion is
progressively increased while the internal dead space can be
maintained within optimum limits.
Another object is to provide an oro-pharyngeal airway which is
readily simple in construction, relatively inexpensive to
manufacture, and which is simple to use and/or clean.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
The foregoing objects and other features and advantages are
attained by an oro-pharyngeal airway having a generally straight
bite portion and a connected pharyngeal curved body portion wherein
the body portion is formed with a cross-sectional shape which
progressively increases from the distal to proximate end thereof so
that in operation the enlarged proximate end portion functions to
elevate the base of the tongue higher so as to relieve any
obstruction more effectively. In another form of the invention the
wall thickness of the pharyngeal curved portion is progressively
increased so that the outer dimension progressively increases from
distal to proximate end while the internal passageway is maintained
generally uniform in cross-section. In another form of the
invention the progressively increasing pharyngeal curved portion is
formed with a "C" shape cross-section to permit visibility of the
passageway defined to facilitate cleaning.
FEATURES
A feature of this invention resides in the provision whereby the
airway may be readily fabricated of any suitable material; e.g.,
metal, plastics, rubber and the like.
Another feature resides in the provision that the airway is
specifically shaped and formed to elevate the base of the tongue
and thereby relieve any obstruction to the flow of air caused by
the base of the tongue falling back in the posterior pharyngeal
wall.
Another feature resides in the provision whereby the airway may be
readily formed in different sizes to fit men, women, children or
infant.
Other features and advantages will become more readily apparent
when considered in view of the drawings and specification in
which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a patients' head illustrating
the oro-pharyngeal airway in place.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an airway embodying this
invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the airway of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a modified embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another modified embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a detailed sectional view taken along line 6--6 of FIG.
5.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another modified embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8--8 on FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is another modified construction.
FIG. 10 is a section view taken on line 10--10 on FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 a longitudinal
section of a patient's head and neck illustrating how the
oro-pharyngeal airway 20 embodying the present invention is
applied. The oro-pharyngeal airway 20 as best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3
comprises a relatively short bite portion 21 which terminates in a
lateral extending mouth flange 22. Connected to the other end of
the bite portion 21 is an extended body portion 23 which is
contourned or shaped in the form of a pharyngeal curve. In the form
illustrated in FIG. 1, the bite portion 21 and extended body
portion 23 is defined by an upper wall and lower wall portion 24,
25 respectively, interconnected in spaced relationship by opposed
end walls 26--26. The wall portions 24,25,26--26 define a
continuous air passageway 27. In accordance with this invention the
upper and lower walls 24, 25 are spaced apart so that the spacing
therebetween is progressively increased from the distal end 23A to
proximate end 23B of the extended body portion 23. If desired,
interconnecting or end walls 26--26 likewise may also progressively
increase from distal to proximate end of the pharyngeal curved body
portion 23. With this construction, the outside diameter of the
extended body portion 23 progressively increases from distal 23A to
proximate end 23B thereof.
With the construction described, it will be noted that the
progressively increasing body portion 23, when inserted into the
mouth and pharynx of a patient causes the base 28 of the patient's
tongue 29 to be elevated to a higher degree and thus relieve any
obstruction more effectively; and maintains the patency of the
pharynx passageways particularly in those patients where the base
of the tongue tends to fall back on the posterior of the pharyngeal
wall.
It will be understood that the airway 20 may be made of various
materials; e.g., metal, hard rubber, plastic and the like, and in
varying sizes for use on men, women, children and infants.
FIG. 4 illustrates a modified embodiment. In this embodiment, the
construction of the airway 30 is identical to that described with
respect to FIGS. 2 and 3, except that the wall thickness of the
upper wall 31 and lower wall 32 progressively increases from the
distal end or upper end portion 33A of the pharyngeal curved body
portion 33 to the proximate or lower end portion 33B thereof. In
this embodiment the dead air space can be reduced; i.e., upper and
lower walls 31 and 32 and interconnecting or side walls 35 define a
passageway 34 in which the cross-sectional area is maintained
generally uniform throughout the length of the airway 30.
FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment. In this embodiment the
airway 40 is similar to that described with respect to FIGS. 2 and
3 except that the upper and lower walls 41, 42 of the pharyngeal
curved body portion 43 are maintained in spaced relationship by a
single end wall 44 that extends along the length of the body
portion 43 and bite portion 45. Thus as seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, the
passageway 46 is defined with a C-shaped cross section in which,
the extended body portion progressively increased in cross-section
area from the distal to proximate end thereof. With this
construction, cleaning of the airway is greatly facilitated as the
interior of the passageway is rendered relatively visible.
FIG. 9 illustrates another modified embodiment of airway 50. This
embodiment is similar in all respects to the embodiment of FIGS. 1
and 2 except that the bottom wall 51 is formed with a
longitudinally extending slot or opening 52 which extends along the
length of the bottom wall. This construction imparts a substantial
C cross section to the airway.
FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate another embodiment. The airway 60 of FIGS.
7 and 8 comprises a straight bite portion 61 terminating in a mouth
flange 62. Connected to the end of the bite portion is the extended
pharyngeal curved body portion 63. In this form, the bite portion
61 and curved extended body portion 63 is defined by an upper wall
64 and a complementary bottom wall 65 spaced therefrom. In the
straight bite portion, the upper and bottom walls 64 and 65
respectively are substantially parallel. However, as the upper wall
and bottom walls 64 and 65 continue to form the extended body
portion 63, they progressively diverge so that the spacing
therebetween progressively increases toward the proximate end 66
thereof. To maintain the upper wall 64 and bottom wall 65 in spaced
position, an interconnecting or dividing wall 67 is interconnected
between the upper wall 64 and lower wall 65. The intermediate wall
extends along the longitudinal length of the airway 60. If desired,
the intermediate wall 67 may be provided with space openings not
shown to place the two passageways 68 and 69 defined thereby in
communication.
In operation the various airway constructions defined are similar.
Each when inserted into the mouth and pharynx of a patient, due to
the enlarged prximate end portions thereof will cause the base of
the patient's tongue to be raised to a higher degree than is
otherwise possible with the known oro-pharyngeal airways, and
thereby relieve any obstruction which may be occasioned in certain
patients by the tongue falling back against the posterior
pharyngeal wall.
From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the structure defined
is relatively simple and can be readily manufactured from a number
of various materials. The structure can be readily cleaned and
sterilized and enables the base of the tongue to be elevated to an
optimum degree.
In view of the description and drawings, it will be readily
apparent to one skilled in the art that variation and modification
may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the
invention.
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