U.S. patent number 3,890,987 [Application Number 05/366,370] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-24 for washing apparatus with auxiliary distributor.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Whirlpool Corporation. Invention is credited to Rogue D. Marcade, Henry Marcussen.
United States Patent |
3,890,987 |
Marcussen , et al. |
June 24, 1975 |
Washing apparatus with auxiliary distributor
Abstract
A washing apparatus such as a dishwasher having an auxiliary
distributor for separately treating certain elements to be washed
such as silverware. The auxiliary distributor may comprise a
thermal pump which not only effects delivery of the washing liquid
onto the silverware, but also effects a heating of the washing
liquid for improved washing action. The auxiliary heater is
coordinated with the main heater for improved overall dishwashing
action in the apparatus.
Inventors: |
Marcussen; Henry (STEVENSVILLE,
MI), Marcade; Rogue D. (stevensville, MI) |
Assignee: |
Whirlpool Corporation (Benton
Harbor, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23442734 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/366,370 |
Filed: |
June 4, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
134/57D; 134/106;
134/200; 134/143; 134/177 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47L
15/4221 (20130101); A47L 15/502 (20130101); A47L
15/4285 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47L
15/46 (20060101); A47L 15/50 (20060101); A47L
15/42 (20060101); B08b 003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;134/57D,58D,177,105-108,143,200 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
977,321 |
|
Nov 1950 |
|
FR |
|
620,758 |
|
Mar 1949 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Bleutge; Robert L.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A washing apparatus comprising: wall means defining a washing
chamber having a lower sump; spray means for circulating washing
liquid from a main body of washing liquid in said chamber sump
against a first and a second group of objects to be washed disposed
in said chamber and back to said sump; basket means for holding
said second group of objects to be washed separate from said first
group; collecting means for collecting a portion of the washing
liquid from said sump during the circulation of the washing liquid;
heating means for heating the collected portion of the washing
liquid to a temperature higher than that of said main body in the
chamber sump; and delivery means for delivering said portion of the
washing liquid to substantially only said second group of objects
in said basket means for high temperature washing of said second
group of objects concurrently with the washing thereof by the
washing liquid delivered by the spray means.
2. The washing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said wall means
includes a movable door, and said basket means is mounted on said
door.
3. The washing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said wall means
includes a movable door and a sump portion for collecting said main
body of washing liquid for recirculation thereof against said first
and second group of objects, said collecting means opening to said
sump portion, and said basket means being mounted on said door.
4. The washing apparatus of claim 1 including means in said washing
chamber for heating said main body of washing liquid.
5. The washing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said delivery means
comprises means responsive to the heating of said washing liquid
portion to effect the delivery of said portion of said second group
of objects.
6. A dishwasher comprising: wall means defining a washing chamber;
spray means for directing hot washing liquid in said chamber
against dishes to be washed disposed in said chamber; basket means
for holding silverware to be washed separate from said dishes; a
sump for collecting the dishwashing liquid from said washing
chamber to be directed by said spray means against said dishes; and
thermally operated pump means for delivering a portion of the
dishwashing liquid from said sump to substantially only said
silverware in said basket means for washing said silverware, said
dishwashing liquid portion being returned to said sump for
recirculation by said spray means and said thermally operated pump
means.
7. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein the thermally operated pump
means comprises a vapor pump defining a heating chamber
communicating with said sump, and heating means for heating
dishwashing liquid in said heating chamber and causing delivery of
heated dishwashing liquid therefrom to said silverware as a result
of said heating.
8. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein the thermally operated pump
means comprises a vapor pump defining a heating chamber
communicating with said sump, first heating means for heating
dishwashing liquid in said heating chamber and causing delivery of
heated dishwashing liquid therefrom to said silverware as a result
of said heating, and said sump includes a second heating means for
heating dishwashing liquid in said sump.
9. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein the thermally operated pump
means comprises a vapor pump defining a heating chamber
communicating with said sump, first heating means for heating
dishwashing liquid in said chamber and causing delivery of heated
dishwashing liquid therefrom to said silverware as a result of said
heating, said sump including a second heating means for heating
dishwashing liquid in said sump, and circuit means are provided for
energizing said first heating means for heating the liquid in said
chamber prior to operation of said spray means to effect a pre-wash
of the silverware.
10. The dishwasher of claim 6 further including means for
preventing operation of the thermally operated pump means when the
level of dishwashing liquid in the sump is below a preselected
level.
11. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, and said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware.
12. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware, and circuit means are provided for operating said
second heater means prior to operation of said first heater means
to effect a pre-wash of the silverware.
13. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, and said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware, and circuit means are provided for operating said
second heater means prior to operation of said first heater means
to effect a pre-wash of the silverware.
14. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said spray means includes a
pump, said sump includes first heater means for heating the washing
liquid in the sump, said thermally operated pump means includes
second heater means for effecting the delivery of said washing
liquid portion to the silverware, and circuit means are provided
for operating said first and second heater means alternatively
concurrently with operation of the pump.
15. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, and said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware, said first and second heater means comprising
electrical heater elements connected for concurrent
energization.
16. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, and said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware, said first and second heater means comprising
electrical heater elements connected in series for concurrent
energization.
17. The dishwasher of claim 6 wherein said sump includes first
heater means for heating the washing liquid in the sump, and said
thermally operated pump means includes second heater means for
effecting the delivery of said washing liquid portion to the
silverware, said first and second heater means comprising portions
of a single heating element.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to washing apparatus, and in particular, to
dishwashing apparatus.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the conventional dishwasher, dishes to be washed are placed in a
dishwashing rack and are subjected to a spray of hot dishwashing
liquid conventionally by means of a rotating spray arm. The
dishwashing liquid may include hot rinse water, hot washing liquid
having detergent or soap dissolved therein, and final rinse water
having antispotting rinse additive therein. It is found
conventional in the known dishwashers to provide a heating element
for drying the dishes upon completion of the washing operation. The
heating element is conventionally disposed in the sump of the
dishwasher tub and further serves to heat the water for improved
sanitary washing of the dishes.
Still further, conventionally, means are provided in such
dishwashers for holding silverware and the like separate from other
dishes. In one form of known dishwasher, as illustrated in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,288,155 of Norman T. Swetnam, a separate spray arm is
provided subjacent the silverware holder for providing an auxiliary
spraying of the silverware.
As shown in the Swetnam patent, it is conventional to provide the
necessary pressure head to effect the spraying of the washing
liquid by means of an impellor driven by an electric motor. In
another form of washing apparatus, as shown in the W. G. Givone
U.S. Pat. No. 1,433,546, a clothes washing machine is illustrated
as being provided with a percolator-type liquid pump wherein the
water in the sump is heated by a subjacent burner and caused to be
distributed over the clothes in the manner of a conventional coffee
percolator pump system. Thus, in Givone, the entire body of washing
liquid is heated to the pumping temperature which may be close to
the boiling temperature as the pumping action functions on the
basis of slugs of steam being formed in the lower pump chamber,
lifting slugs of water upwardly through the pump stem as they rise
to the top of the stem. The nearly-boiling water is then caused to
flow down over a distributor strainer onto the subjacent clothes to
be received in a sump disposed below a permeable support for the
clothes, for subsequent repumping.
It is further conventional to carry the silverware in removable
baskets mounted on the door of the dishwasher so as to be in the
path of the washing liquid sprayed by the spray arm whereby the
silverware is washed by a portion of the sprayed dishwashing liquid
during the washing of the main body of dishes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprehends a washing apparatus having
improved means for washing an auxiliary group of objects disposed
within the washing chamber separately of the main group of objects.
More specifically, the invention is adapted for use in a dishwasher
for providing improved washing of silverware and the like normally
carried separately from the main body of dishes arranged to be
washed by the main spray means of the dishwasher.
The means for washing the auxiliary group of objects such as
silverware herein comprises heating means for heating the washing
liquid delivered thereto separately from the main body of washing
liquid so as to effect an improved facilitated washing of the
auxiliary objects. The heating means for heating this separate
portion of the washing liquid may further comprise means for
providing a thermal pumping action to effect the delivery thereof
to the silverware. The washing liquid may then be returned to the
sump of the dishwasher tub for mixing with the dishwashing liquid
returned thereto from the main spraying action whereby the high
temperature washing liquid returned from the silverware may be used
in providing washing of the main body of dishes as a portion of the
washing liquid recirculated onto the dishes by the spray means.
The auxiliary dishwashing liquid delivery means may be operated
prior to the operation of the main spray means to provide a
pre-wash of the silverware. Alternatively, the main heating element
of the dishwasher may be de-energized while the auxiliary heating
means and main spray means may be operated whereby the auxiliary
heating means may effect the desired improved washing of the
silverware and concurrently provide additional heat to the washing
liquid for washing of the dishes.
Further alternatively, the auxiliary heating means and the main
heating means may be operated concurrently. The two heating means
may comprise electric heating means connected for concurrent
operation, such as in an electrical series arrangement.
Alternatively, the auxiliary heating means may comprise a portion
of the main heating means disposed in an auxiliary heating chamber
for thermal transfer only to the portion of the collected washing
liquid to be delivered onto the silverware.
Thus, the invention broadly comprehends the provision of a washing
apparatus including wall means defining a washing chamber, spray
means for directing washing liquid from a main body of washing
liquid in the chamber against a first and second group of objects
to be washed disposed in the chamber, basket means for holding a
second group of objects to be washed separate from the first group,
collecting means for collecting a portion of the washing liquid,
heating means for heating the portion of the washing liquid to a
temperature higher than that of the main body in the chamber, and
delivery means for delivering the portion of the washing liquid to
the second group of objects for high temperature washing of the
second group of objects.
More specifically, the invention comprehends the provision of a
dishwasher including wall means defining a washing chamber, spray
means for directing hot washing liquid in the chamber against
dishes to be washed disposed in the chamber, basket means for
holding silverware to be washed separate from the dishes, a sump
for collecting the dishwashing liquid to be directed by the spray
means against the dishes, and thermally operated pump means for
delivering a portion of the dishwashing liquid from the sump to the
silverware for washing the silverware, the dishwashing liquid
portion being returned to the sump for recirculation by the spray
means and the heat pump means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent
from the following description taken in connection with the
accompanying drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective front view of a dishwasher having an
improved silverware washing means embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section thereof;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section thereof
illustrating in greater detail the auxiliary delivery means;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section thereof
illustrating in greater detail the thermal pump means;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary elevation of the silverware basket and
washing liquid delivery means;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical wiring of the
dishwasher; and
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical wiring of a
modified form of such dishwasher.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the exemplary embodiment of the invention as disclosed in the
drawing, a washing apparatus generally designated 10 comprising a
dishwasher, is shown to include a cabinet 11 provided with a tub 12
defining a forwardly opening washing chamber 13 which is
selectively closed by a hingedly mounted front door 14. Tub 12
defines a lowermost sump 15. Dishes are carried in washing space 13
on suitable racks 16 so as to have washing liquid L sprayed
thereagainst by a main spray arm 17 and a secondary spray arm 18.
Spray arm 17 is rotated by the washing liquid forced upwardly
through the spray arm by means of a pump 21 driven by a drive motor
19 disposed below the bottom wall 20 of tub 12.
Door 14 carries a silverware basket 22, a detergent dispenser 23,
and a rinse additive dispenser 24. Chamber 13 is vented through the
door by means of a vent 25 so as to facilitate drying of the dishes
by discharging the humid air in the drying cycle. A suitable timer
control 26 is mounted on door 14 for controlling the automatic
operation of the dishwasher.
Water is delivered into tub 12 through opening 27 from a supply
conduit 27a. A valve 28 is connected between supply conduit 27a and
a delivery conduit 29 which is connected to a suitable source (not
shown) for controlling delivery of the water into tub 12 under the
control of timer control 26.
Motor 19 may comprise a reversible motor whereby forward rotation
of pump 21 causes spraying of the washing liquid upwardly through
chamber 13. As shown in FIG. 1, spray arm 17 may be provided with a
nozzle 30 for directing a jet of washing liquid upwardly to spray
arm 18 for operation of spray arm 18 to provide a secondary spray
onto the dishes from an upper portion of the washing chamber 13.
When motor 19 is operated in a reverse direction, the pump 21 is
caused to drain the washing liquid from sump 15 for discharging as
desired.
An electric heating element 31 is provided at sump 15 for heating
the washing liquid L during the washing cycle. Upon completion of
the washing operation, heater 31 may be energized to effect a
heated drying of the dishes. A switch 32 is controlled by a float
33 responsive to the level of washing liquid L in sump 15 for
controlling operation of the washing apparatus as will be brought
out more fully hereinafter. As shown in FIG. 2, a screen 34 may be
provided on the bottom wall 20 to filter the washing liquid
delivered to the pump 21.
As discussed briefly above, the invention comprehends providing an
auxiliary body of washing liquid to the silverware basket 22 in
addition to the water spray provided by spray arms 17 and 18 for
washing silverware and the like (not shown) disposed therein. As
best seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, this auxiliary washing liquid delivery
means herein includes a well structure 35 opening to sump 15 for
receiving a portion of the washing liquid. A coil heater 36 may be
disposed about the lower end 37 of well 35 below a screen 38. A
conduit 39 is provided with a lower end 40 extending downwardly
through screen 38 into the lower chamber 41 heated by coil heater
36. A baffle plate 42 is mounted on an enlarged lower end 43 of the
conduit 39 to restrict upward flow of steam generated in chamber 41
generally into conduit end 40 whereby a percolator action is
effected causing slugs of steam and hot water to rise through
conduit 39. The conduit includes an upper portion 44 carried by
door 14 and an outlet 45 having a series of discharge elements 46
adapted to spray the pumped washing liquid downwardly into basket
22, as seen in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5. Energization of coil heater 36 is
controlled by timer control 26 to effect the selective pumping of a
portion of the dishwashing liquid onto the silverware to provide
the desired improved silverware washing action.
Operation of dishwasher 10 may be best seen by reference to the
wiring diagram of FIG. 6. Timer control 26 may be connected to a
suitable source of power through power supply leads L1 and L2 and
may be grounded to the ground connection G. The timer motor 47 is
connected from power supply lead L2 through normally closed door
switch 48 and normally closed on-off switch 49 to power supply lead
L1. A mechanical control knob 50 projecting forwardly from door 14
(see FIG. 2) is mechanically connected to timer motor 47 and switch
49. Control 26 further includes a series of normally closed
switches 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 and 57, which are cam operated as a
result of operation of timer motor 47 to effect controlled opening
thereof in controlling the operation of the dishwasher.
More specifically, switch 51 is connected from switch 49 and in
series with the electric heater 31 which illustratively may
comprise a sheathed resistance heating element of conventional
construction. Switch 52 is connected from switch 49 in series with
the solenoid 58 of the water supply valve 28 for controlling
delivery of water to the tub as discussed above.
Switch 53 is connected from switch 49 in series with a solenoid 59
for operating the detergent dispenser 23 at the proper time in the
washing cycle to effect the desired sequence of rinse and washing
operations. Switch 54 is connected from switch 49 through a series
connection of float switch 32 and auxiliary coil heater 36 for
energizing auxiliary heater 36 only when the level of liquid L in
sump 15 is at or above a preselected minimum level so as to prevent
operation of heater 36 during a dry condition or low level
condition of the dishwasher and thereby prevent burnout of heater
36. It should be understood that float switch 32 is a safety device
that might be replaced by a thermostat or thermistor in well 37 to
perform the same function. Further, cam operation of switch 54
permits effective energization of heater 36 in conjunction with
float switch 32 during preselected times in the operation of the
dishwasher so as, for example, to provide a pre-wash operation in
connection with the silverware as well as a washing operation
during the normal washing operation of the dishwasher.
Switch 55 is connected from switch 49 through a starting relay 60
for controlling operation of motor 19, having a solenoid coil 61
for controlling a normally closed power switch 62. The starter
solenoid coil 61 is connected through a run winding 63 of motor 19
and an overload device 64 to power supply lead L2 and the forward
and reverse operation of the motor is controlled by the selective
closing of either switch 56 or 57 in series with switch 62 and the
forward winding 65 and reverse winding 66, respectively, of motor
19 which are connected in parallel with winding 63, as shown in
FIG. 6.
Thus, in normal operation, when the user initiates the dishwashing
cycle by suitable manipulation of control knob 50, a sequence of
operation of cam operated switches 51-57 is effected to provide a
sequential series of dishwashing cycles. Depending on the cam
controlled timing of the opening of switches 51 and 54, the
energization of auxiliary heater 36 may be effected prior to or
concurrently with the energization of main heater 31.
As shown in FIG. 7, a modified form of control may be provided
wherein the heaters 31 and 36 are connected in series with the
float controlled switch 32 so as to permit operation of the two
heaters concurrently. In this arrangement, auxiliary heater 36 may
comprise a portion of main heater 31 or a separate heater connected
electrically in series therewith as desired. Further, a cam
operated switch 67 is provided to shunt the float controlled switch
32 and heater 36 during the heated drying of the dishes.
Where it is desired to provide a pre-wash operation with the
apparatus as shown in FIG. 6, the heater 36 is preferably a
relatively high wattage heater so as to effect rapid heating of the
water in chamber 41 for effecting a pumping action in the absence
of a heating of the water by heater 31. If desired, the power
capacity of heater 36 may be substantially similar to that of
heater 31 so that control 26 may be arranged to utilize heater 36
concurrently with the operation of pump 21 but with the main heater
31 de-energized.
Thus, dishwasher 10 provides an improved washing of silverware and
the like separately from the main body of dishes. By suitable
arrangement of the control, pre-wash of the silverware may be
effected. The means for delivering the washing liquid to the
silverware provides flexibility in the operation of the dishwasher
by effecting separate heating of the portion of water to be
delivered to the silverware so that by suitable selection of the
control parameters, this auxiliary heating operation may be
utilized in a number of different ways as desired. The temperature
of the washing liquid delivered to the silverware may be made to be
different from that of the main body of washing liquid for improved
washing of silverware which has been found to be difficult with
conventional dishwashers. Further, as the temperature of the
silverware washing liquid may be made to be close to the boiling
temperature, improved sterilization thereof may be effectively
provided. The silverware treating means of the present invention is
extremely simple and economical of construction while yet providing
the highly desirable advantages discussed above.
The foregoing disclosure of specific embodiments is illustrative of
the broad inventive concepts comprehended by the invention.
* * * * *