U.S. patent number 3,889,834 [Application Number 05/409,701] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-17 for container construction.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Foremost-McKesson, Inc.. Invention is credited to Robert M. Harris, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,889,834 |
Harris, Jr. |
June 17, 1975 |
Container construction
Abstract
A container suitable for storage and shipment of various
materials (e.g., drinking water) and which can be made by molding
methods (e.g., by molding plastic materials.) The construction is
such that the containers can be stacked (e.g., on a pallet) in
interlocking relationship without the use of supporting racks or
crates.
Inventors: |
Harris, Jr.; Robert M. (Reseda,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Foremost-McKesson, Inc. (San
Francisco, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23621631 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/409,701 |
Filed: |
October 25, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
215/10 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
21/0202 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
21/02 (20060101); B65d 021/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;215/10
;206/501,503,504,509,510,512 ;220/23,83 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
869,392 |
|
May 1961 |
|
GB |
|
1,120,293 |
|
Apr 1956 |
|
FR |
|
Primary Examiner: Norton; Donald F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Flehr, Hohbach, Test, Albritton
& Herbert
Claims
I claim:
1. A container construction suitable for stacking comprising side
walls and a bottom wall, the side walls being joined together and
to the bottom wall along their edges to form a container that is
generally rectangular in configuration as viewed in plan, the
container also including upper wall means secured to the upper
edges of the side walls and provided with an access opening; and
locking means upon two opposite side walls of the container for
locking the container to adjacent upper and lower like containers
when stacked horizontally, the locking means on each wall
comprising adjacent parallel ridge and valley portions formed
integral with the material of the wall, said ridge portions
interfitting with the valley portions of like containers to prevent
shifting movement between two adjacent stacked containers the major
portions of each of the side walls being in a common plane except
for said ridge and valley portions.
2. A container construction as in claim 1 in which the ridge
portions merge with the valley portions.
3. A container construction as in claim 2 in which at least some of
the ridge and valley portions extend parallel to the vertical edges
of the side wall in which they are formed.
4. A container construction as in claim 3 in which some of the
ridge and valley portions extend generally parallel to the bottom
wall of the container.
5. A container construction as in claim 4 in which the ridge and
valley portions are formed in generally U-shaped areas with the
legs of such areas extending toward the center line of the wall in
which the ridge and valley portions are formed.
6. A container construction as in claim 4 in which the ridge and
valley portions are spaced from the vertical edges of the side
walls and from the bottom wall of the container.
7. A container construction as in claim 4 in which a handhold
portion is formed in a corner of the container at the junction
between two side walls, said handhold being disposed to interrupt
some of said ridge and valley portions that extend parallel to the
vertical edges of the side walls.
8. A container construction as in claim 1 in which the material
from which the container is made is a molded plastic.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to the construction of containers
such as are used for storage and transportation of various
liquids.
Conventional containers that are used for the storage and
transportation of various liquid materials (e.g., bottles or
carboys) are generally made of molded glass with a cylindrical
body. When such containers are stored or transported by rail or
truck, it is common to provide a rack or crate having a space to
receive each container in horizontal position. Such racks or crates
are relatively expensive, and they occupy considerable space for a
given storage capacity. Much labor is required in the use of such
racks or crates since each container must be fitted into and
removed from a confined rack or crate space that is accessible only
from the front of the rack or crate.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND OBJECTS
In general it is an object of the present invention to provide a
container construction which makes possible stacking of the
containers one upon the other for storage or shipment, without the
use of the conventional storage racks and crates. In general, this
is accomplished by making the containers of a particular
configuration and providing means whereby, when the containers are
stacked in horizontal position, they are interlocked in such a
manner as to prevent relative shifting.
Another object is to provide containers for liquid materials which
have provision for effecting interlocking engagement between
adjacent containers when stacked in horizontal position, and which
construction lends itself to simple molding operations, utilizing
materials like plastics.
Another object is to provide a container construction which lends
itself to the manufacture of such containers from suitable plastic
materials.
In general, the present invention consists of a container having
side walls and a bottom wall joined together along their edges to
form a generally rectangular configuration as viewed in plan. The
upper or neck portion of the container is joined to the side walls
and provides an access opening. On two opposite side walls of the
container, means is providing for interlocking the container to
adjacent upper and lower like containers, when stacked
horizontally. The interlocking means on one side is complementary
to the interlocking means provided upon the other side. In one form
of the invention the interlocking means consists of adjacent ridges
and valleys which are formed in the side walls of the container,
and which provide the desired interlocking engagement with
complementary ridge and valley portions of an adjacent
container.
Additional objects and features of the invention will appear from
the following description in which the preferred embodiments have
been set forth in conjunction with the accompanying drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing a container incorporating
the invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the container shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating the manner in which two
containers can be stacked with interlocking engagement between
them.
FIG. 5 illustrates the manner in which the containers can be
stacked in multiple rows upon a forklift type of pallet.
FIG. 6 is a view like FIG. 1 but showing another embodiment of the
invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the container shown in FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing the containers
constructed in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 6.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The container shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is square or rectangular in
configuration as viewed in plan, and consists of the opposed two
parallel side walls 10 and the opposed two parallel side walls 11,
all of which are integrally joined together along their vertical
edges and with the edges of a substantially flat bottom wall 12.
The upper portion 13 which is joined to the upper edges of the side
walls forms a neck for the container and is provided with the
access opening 14.
For convenient handling of the container, it is provided with
handholds 16 which preferably are formed as integral parts of the
container. Thus as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each handhold 16 can be
in the form of a tube, the material of which is integral with and
merges with the adjacent side walls 10 and 11 and the upper and
lower walls 17. An annularly disposed corner wall 18 which extends
between the adjacent side walls and between the spaced walls 17,
provides the free space 19 about the handhold 16. Generally two
such handholds are provided in diametrically opposite corners of
the containers.
The two opposed side walls 10 in this instance are formed to
provide complementary interlocking means. Thus on the uppermost one
of the two side walls 10 (as shown in horizontal position in FIGS.
1 and 3) the wall is provided with an elongated ridge 21, the ends
of which terminate short of the bottom wall 12 and the upper wall
13 of the container. Immediately adjacent and merged with the ridge
21, there is a valley 22 which is of the same length as the ridge.
Both the ridge and the valley extend parallel to one edge of the
wall 10. Near the other edge of the wall 10, as viewed in FIG. 3, a
similar ridge 21 and valley 22 is formed, although in this instance
the valley 22 is nearest to the edge of the wall 10. Also in this
instance both the ridges and the valleys are interrupted by the
space 19 surrounding one of the handholds 16. This interruption of
the ridges and valleys is shown in the right hand portion of FIG.
1, while the left hand portion of FIG. 1 shows continuous ridges
and valleys as in the upper right hand corner of FIG. 3.
The lower side wall 10 as shown in FIG. 3 is likewise provided with
complementary ridges and valleys. Thus a ridge and valley 21 and 22
are shown near the lower left hand corner as illustrated in FIG. 3,
and the interrupted ridges and valleys 21 and 22 are shown in the
lower right hand corner of FIG. 3.
The interlocking means just described is utilized in the manner
shown in FIG. 4. Thus, assuming that one container is placed
horizontally upon a supporting surface and a second container
placed on top of the first, the ridges and valleys of the adjacent
side walls of the two containers nest together in the manner shown
in FIG. 4. This nesting of the complementary ridges and valleys
forms an interlock which retains the containers in a desired
position one upon the other, and prevents any shifting movement
between two containers in a lateral direction. It likewise forms an
interlock which prevents shifting of the containers in the
direction of their parallel horizontal axes. In other words, the
containers are interlocked in such a manner that shifting cannot
occur in either one of two directions 90.degree. with respect to
each other.
FIG. 5 illustrates how such containers can be stacked in multiple
rows upon a suitable supporting surface, such as a fork lift pallet
26. The individual containers are indicated at 27, and are disposed
in adjacent stacks. This provides a stable stack assembly which can
be transported by rail or truck without danger of the individual
stacks becoming dislodged from the desired relationship. Also it
greatly facilitates one-by-one removal of containers or application
of containers to the stack, since it is not necessary to remove or
introduce containers into a space which is open only from the front
side of a rack or crate.
With the construction described above, it is evident that the
interlock tending to prevent lateral shifting between adjacent
stacked containers, or in other words, shifting at right angles to
the side walls 11, is more positive in its restraining action than
the restraint applied to shifting in a direction parallel to the
axes of the containers. This is because of the shaping of the
elongated ridges and valleys 21 and 22. In the embodiment
illustrated in FIGS. 6-8, the interlock is made more positive and
effective in preventing shifting between adjacent containers in a
direction parallel to their axes. Thus in this instance the ridges
and valleys 31 and 32, instead of being elongated in one direction
as in FIGS. 1-4, are made to extend over substantially U-shaped
areas as shown in FIG. 6. Thus each ridge 31 has a portion which
extends substantially parallel to one side edge of the
corresponding side wall, and other portions or legs which extend
parallel to the upper and lower edges of the same side wall. With
this arrangement, it is evident that the portions of the ridges and
valleys which extend generally parallel to the side edges of the
wall provide an adequate interlock to prevent lateral shifting,
whereas the other portions of the ridges and valleys provide
adequate interlocks to prevent shifting between containers in a
direction parallel to their axes.
It will be evident that the container constructions described above
greatly simplify stacking for storage or shipment and make possible
total elimination of supporting racks or crates.
While the containers can be made of various materials, including
metals and glass, the construction lends itself to use of plastics
which can be molded to the desired form and which provide lightness
and relative freedom from breakage.
* * * * *