U.S. patent number 3,858,583 [Application Number 05/436,993] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-07 for medicament inhalation device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Allen & Hansburys Limited. Invention is credited to Gerald Wynn Hallworth, Sidney William Smith.
United States Patent |
3,858,583 |
Hallworth , et al. |
January 7, 1975 |
MEDICAMENT INHALATION DEVICE
Abstract
An inhalation device comprises a body with a dispersion chamber.
A rotor is arranged in the chamber and is caused to rotate by
passage of air through the chamber. One or more air inlet apertures
open into the chamber around the rotor. A mouthpiece communicates
with the chamber and air from the chamber can be inhaled through
this mouthpiece. A capsule-retaining pocket is arranged to receive
a pierced capsule and opens into the chamber. Inhalation of air
through the mouthpiece will rotate the rotor, vibrate the capsule,
draw medicament from the medicament containing capsule through the
chamber and out through the mouthpiece.
Inventors: |
Hallworth; Gerald Wynn (London,
EN), Smith; Sidney William (London, EN) |
Assignee: |
Allen & Hansburys Limited
(London, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
9868256 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/436,993 |
Filed: |
January 28, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Feb 26, 1973 [GB] |
|
|
9246/73 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
128/203.15 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
15/0008 (20140204); A61M 15/0033 (20140204); A61M
15/0028 (20130101); A61M 2202/064 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
15/00 (20060101); A61m 013/00 (); A61m
015/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/266,206,208 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Medbery; Aldrich F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Liberman; William R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A medicament inhalation device comprising a body with a
dispersion chamber therein, a rotor mounted in one end of said
chamber and which is rotatable in the chamber by passage of air
there through, at least one air inlet aperture in the body, the
said apertures opening into the chamber around the rotor, a
mouthpiece on one end of the body through which air from the
chamber can be inhaled, and a capsule-retaining pocket in and
adjacent the other end of said body and in proximinity to said
rotor's other end to receive a pierced medicament containing
capsule and opening into the chamber, a means for providing
vibration and passage of medicament from said capsule comprising a
capsule contacting means on the other end of said rotor whereby
inhalation of air through the mouthpiece will turn said rotor to
vibrate and draw medicament from the capsule through the chamber
and out through the mouthpiece into the patient.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body has a
capsule-piercing pocket in which a capsule can be removably
inserted and pressed against a point in the pocket thereby to
pierce the capsule.
3. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotor is mounted on
a spindle carried by a cross-bar extending across the mouthpiece
and said capsule contacting means is a bevel on one and of said
rotor.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the capsule retaining
pocket is arranged so that one end of a capsule located therein
extends into the dispersion chamber and the rotor is so positioned
as to brush against the protruding end of the capsule as it
rotates.
5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor includes two
blades extending radially and oppositely outwards from a spindle
sleeve, one of the said blades having a cut-away portion to provide
an unbalance condition for vibration.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is well known to administer powdered medicament to the lung
bronchioles of a patient by means of inhalation devices having
mouthpieces which enable the medicament to be inhaled through the
mouth of the patient. The medicament is supplied in capsules which
are inserted in the device and pierced prior to use after which
inhalation through the mouthpiece will cause the powdered
medicament to be released from the capsule and to pass to the
patient. An object of the present invention is to provide an
improved such inhalation device which has a low resistance to air
flow and an ability to discharge the contents of the capsule which
makes it particularly suitable for use in the treatment of
asthmatic patients.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, an inhalation device comprises
a body with a dispersion chamber therein, a rotor which is
rotatable in the chamber by passage of air therethrough, one or
more air inlet apertures in the body, the said apertures opening
into the chamber around the rotor, a mouthpiece through which air
from the chamber can be inhaled, and a capsule retaining pocket
arranged to receive a pierced capsule and opening into the chamber
whereby inhalation of air through the mouthpiece will draw
medicament from the capsule, through the chamber and out through
the mouthpiece and will at the same time rotate the rotor.
Preferably, the rotor is arranged to brush the end of a capsule in
the capsule-retaining pocket as the rotor rotates. This causes the
capsule to vibrate. Such vibration of the capsule makes it possible
to empty capsules containing cohesive powders and to dispense them
satisfactorily, but is not necessary with capsules charged with
easily dispersible powders.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inhalation device
according to the invention,
FIG. 2 is an end elevation,
FIG. 3 is an elevation of the opposite end,
FIG. 4 is a transverse section on line X--X of FIG. 1, and
FIG. 5 is a detail view of a rotor,
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, an inhalation
device comprises a cylindrical body 1 with a cylindrical dispersion
chamber 2 therein. The chamber 2 is closed at one end by an end
wall 3 and a mouthpiece 4 is fitted to the body at the other end of
the chamber. A rotor 5 is arranged inside the dispersion chamber 2.
This rotor 5 is a free-running multi-bladed wheel mounted on a
central spindle 6 running axially of the cylindrical chamber. The
rotor illustrated has two blades extending radially outwards from
the central spindle sleeve 7. Any number of blades can be used,
though two to four blades are preferred. The blades can be set at
any desired angle and/or can be curved. The rotor must be light in
weight and is, for example, of plastics material. The spindle
sleeve 7 must be a close fit on the spindle 6 and the rotor is
rotatable about the spindle.
One end of the spindle 6 is mounted in a cross-bar 8 extending
across the mouthpiece 4. The rotor is located at the opposite end
by means of an end stop plug 9 which is firmly fixed in the spindle
sleeve 7. A pointed end of the spindle 6 bears against the internal
end of the plug 9. This arrangement prevents axial displacement of
the rotor 5. Powder cannot enter the spindle sleeve 7.
One or more air inlet apertures 10 extend through the cylindrical
body 1 and open into the dispersion chamber 2. These apertures 10
are in the form of slots which run lengthwise of the body and are
disposed at an angle which is conveniently tangential to the
rotor.
The body is also provided with a capsule-retaining pocket 11. This
pocket 11 is arranged at or near the closed end 3 of the dispersion
chamber and has an opening leading into a recess 12 in the end wall
3 of the dispersion chamber. The pocket is arranged to receive a
hard gelatine capsule 13 containing a powdered medicament.
The rotor 5 is so positioned with respect to its spindle 6 and the
end wall 3 that it brushes lightly against the end of the capsule
13 protruding from the recess 12. The rotation of the rotor
therefore causes the capsule 13 to vibrate and this assists in the
emptying of cohesive powders from the capsule and the dispersion of
such powders. If the device is intended for use with only capsules
containing easily dispensible powders it is not necessary to
arrange for the rotor to brush the capsules.
The body is provided at one end with a piercing needle 14 for
piercing the ends of the capsule 13. This needle 14 is located in a
capsule piercing pocket 15 in the end wall 3 of the body. The
capsule 15 can then be inserted into the pocket 15 and pressed
against the pointed end of the needle 14, to pierce the capsule and
can then be placed in the capsule-retaining pocket 11. A stirrup
securing means is hingedly mounted on the body 1 and can, as shown
in FIG. 1 be swung to and from a position in which it extends
across the open end of the capsule and retaining pocket 11 to
secure and prevent egress of the capsule.
It has been found that powder dispersion is improved by providing
one of the blades of the rotor with a cut away 17 to provide
unbalance and vibration to the rotor. The end of the rotor which
brushes against the capsule is preferably provided with a bevel
18.
The device is, except for the spindle 6 and needle 14 made of
plastics material, preferably one which has a high resistance to
the build up of static electricity.
In use, a capsule 13 is pierced at both ends by means of needle 14
and is then fitted in the pocket 11. The patient then applies the
mouthpiece 4 to the mouth and draws in air through the mouthpiece.
The greater part of the inhaled air will enter the chamber through
the tangential slots 10 and this will cause the rotor 5 to rotate
rapidly. However, a portion of the inhaled air is drawn into the
chamber 2 through the capsule 13 and this causes the rapid emptying
of the powdered medicament into the dispersion chamber 2. The
rotation of the rotor 5 and the turbulent air flow within the
dispersion chamber 2 will cause the efficient dispersion of the
powdered medicament into the air being inhaled by the patient.
With this device there is provided an excellent deep lung and upper
lung penetration of the drug. The resistance to air flow can be
low, for example at 2.5 cm. water gauge at 601/min air flow. The
vibration set up by the brushing of the rotor bevel against the
capsule assists in the dispersion of the powder prior to the
emptying of the capsule. If a freerer flowing powder is used the
brushing arrangement may be dispensed with and the unbalanced rotor
would then assist in the emptying of the capsule.
* * * * *