U.S. patent number 3,842,229 [Application Number 05/376,779] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-15 for keyboard pushbutton switch.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Texas Instruments Incorporated. Invention is credited to Henry J. Boulanger.
United States Patent |
3,842,229 |
Boulanger |
October 15, 1974 |
KEYBOARD PUSHBUTTON SWITCH
Abstract
A desktop keyboard for data encoders, calculators and the like
comprises an electrically insulative board having a plurality of
contact members and mounting clusters of key switches to provide
electrical engagement between pairs of contact members. An
electrically conductive bridge member is captured within a key
switch housing and slides and pivots in continuous engagement with
one contact member of a pair and moves into and out of engagement
with the second contact member of a pair upon predetermined
movement of the respective key. A single spring member provides
both pretravel and overtravel of each key as well as providing the
contact force. A plurality of multiposition point switches are also
mounted on the board and comprise a contact element slidably
movable to any one of a plurality of contact members to provide a
selected mode of operation.
Inventors: |
Boulanger; Henry J.
(Cumberland, RI) |
Assignee: |
Texas Instruments Incorporated
(Dallas, TX)
|
Family
ID: |
23486452 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/376,779 |
Filed: |
July 5, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/276.1;
200/237; 200/250; 200/275; 200/548 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
13/12 (20130101); H01H 13/70 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
13/70 (20060101); H01H 13/12 (20060101); H01h
013/52 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/5R,5A,16R,16A,6BB,153L,153LA,159R,159A,159B,166BE,166BF,166BH |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scott; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Haug; John A. McAndrews; James P.
Connors, Jr.; Edward J.
Claims
I claim:
1. A keyboard switch comprising:
an electrically insulative base having opposed first and second
surfaces, and having a plurality of apertures extending from the
first to the second surfaces;
a pair of electrically conductive U-shaped members, each member
having two legs joined by a bight portion, each of the legs
received in a respective aperture in the base with the bight
portion disposed on the first surface;
a keybody having a force receiving end and a force transmitting
end;
a housing disposed over the pair of U-shaped members, the housing
having guide means aligned with the U-shaped members, the keybody
received in the guide means and movable toward and away from the
U-shaped members;
means normally biasing the keybody away from the U-shaped
member;
a movable electrically conductive bridge member in continuous
pivotal contact with the bight portion of one U-shaped member and
pivotably movable into and out of engagement with the bight portion
of the other U-shaped member; and
means operatively connecting the keybody and the conductive bridge
member so that the bridge member moves into engagement with the
bight portion of the other U-shaped member when the keybody moves
toward the U-shaped member and moves out of engagement with the
bight portion of the other U-shaped member when the keybody moves
away from the U-shaped member.
2. A keyboard switch according to claim 1 in which the conductive
bridge member has a first free distal end, the keybody has a
portion extending laterally therefrom, the keybody portion formed
with a surface adapted to contact the distal end of the conductive
bridge member to force the conductive bridge member out of
engagement with the bight portion of the other U-shaped member when
the keybody is moved away from the U-shaped members.
3. A keyboard switch according to claim 2 in which the conductive
member has an upwardly extending intermediate portion and the means
biasing the keybody includes a helical spring which extends from
the keybody to the conductive bridge member with the intermediate
portion extending into the space defined by the spring.
4. A keyboard switch according to claim 2 in which the portion of
the keybody extending laterally therefrom is generally U-shaped
having two legs integral with the keybody and a bight portion
forming the surface adapted to contact the first distal end of the
conductive bridge member, an opening being defined between the
U-shaped portion and the remainder of the keybody, the first distal
end received in the opening and disposed in engagement with the
bight surface.
5. A keyboard switch according to claim 4 in which the bight
surface of the keybody is beveled.
6. A keybody switch comprising:
an electrically insulative base;
a pair of spaced stationary electrical contact members supported on
the base;
a keybody having a force receiving end and a force transmitting
end;
a housing disposed over the pair of contact members, the housing
having guide means aligned with the contact members, the keybody
received in the guide means and movable therein toward and away
from the contact members;
means normally biasing the keybody away from the contact
members;
a movable relatively stiff inflexible electrically conductive
bridge member in continuous pivotal contact with one stationary
contact member of the pair and pivotably movable into and out of
engagement with the other stationary contact member of the pair;
and
means operatively connecting the keybody and the conductive bridge
member so that the bridge member moves into engagement with the
other contact member when the keybody moves toward the contact
members and moves out of engagement with the other contact member
when the keybody moves away from the contact members.
7. A keyboard switch according to claim 6 in which the movable
conductive bridge member has a first free distal end, the keybody
has a portion extending laterally therefrom, the keybody portion is
formed with a surface adapted to contact the distal end of the
movable conductive bridge member to force the movable conductive
bridge member out of engagement with the other stationary contact
member of the pair when the keybody is moved away from the
stationary contact members.
8. A keyboard switch according to claim 7 in which the movable
conductive bridge member has an upwardly extending intermediate
portion and the means biasing the keybody includes a helical spring
hich extends from the keybody to the movable conductive bridge
member with the intermediate portion extending into the space
defined by the spring.
9. A keyboard switch according to claim 7 in which the portion of
the keybody extending laterally therefrom is generally U-shaped
having two legs integral with the keybody and a bight portion
forming the surface adapted to contact the first distal end of the
movable conductive bridge member, and opening being defined between
the U-shaped portion and the remainder of the keybody, the first
distal end received in the opening and disposed in engagement with
the bight surface.
10. A keyboard switch according to claim 9 in which the bight
surface of the keybody is beveled.
Description
This application contains subject matter similar to that disclosed
and claimed in coassigned, copending application Ser. No. 376,654
entitled "Key Switch Apparatus" filed July 5, 1973 and coassigned,
copending application Ser. No. 376,638 entitled "Key Switch
Apparatus" filed July 5, 1973.
This invention relates to keyboards and more particularly to
keyboard switches especially useful for desktop apparatus.
It has been a practice for many years wherever keyboard switches
are employed in desktop type apparatus, that is where
miniaturization of the switches is not required as in hand held
calculators and the like, to provide keys similar to typewriter
keys which have significant travel during actuation of the switch
and even overtravel after actuation. By depression of a key through
most of its stroke, actuation is thus assured. This feature has
long since become a required characteristic of such keyboards since
operators have become accustomed to it. Such apparatus includes
data entry devices, calculators and the like.
It is an object of this invention to provide keyboard apparatus
particularly useful with desktop type apparatus in which the keys
have substantial travel or stroke. Another object is the provision
of such apparatus which is extremely long-lived since it will be
subjected to many thousands of cycles. Yet another object is the
provision of keyboard switches which are reliable yet relatively
inexpensive to produce and are conducive to mass manufacturing
techniques; that is the labor content in manufacturing be kept to a
minimum. Yet another object is the provision of keyboard apparatus
in which contact bounce is minimal.
Still further objects and advantages of the invention will be
apparent from the following detailed description and claims and
from the accompanying drawings illustrative of the invention
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a keyboard device including a
plurality of key switch clusters and a plurality of multiposition
point switches which are mounted on a printed circuit board;
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on lines 2--2 of FIG. 1
showing a key switch in its normally open or contacts disengaged
position;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 2 but showing the
key switch in its closed or contacts engaged position;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a movable bridge member used in the
key switches of FIGS. 1-3;
FIG. 5 is a cross section taken through a portion of the printed
circuit board showing a contact member;
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional plan view taken on lines 6--6 of FIG. 1
through multiposition point switch 6; and
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the contact arrangement of the
multiposition switch of FIG. 6.
In the detailed description, corresponding reference characters
indicate corresponding elements throughout the several views of the
drawings.
Briefly, in accordance with the invention an electrically
insulative board has a printed circuit disposed on one surface and
a plurality of staple like U-shaped members inserted through
apertures from the opposed surface with the free ends of the staple
legs terminating in electrical contact with selected portions of
the printed circuit. A plurality of key clusters are disposed on
the printed circuit board each comprising a plurality of key
switches, each switch adapted upon depression to electrically
engage a pair of staples. Each key switch comprises an elongated
keybody mounted for sliding movement in a guideway of a housing
toward and away from stationary contacts or staples mounted on the
circuit board. An electrically conductive bridge member is captured
in the housing and is biased toward bridging electrical engagement
between the pair of staples by a coil spring extending from the
keybody to the bridge member. The bridge member is provided with a
leg having a distal end disposed within an opening formed by a
U-shaped portion extending from the keybody. In the preferred
embodiment the key switch is normally open since the spring biases
the keybody upwardly lifting the distal end of the bridge member
and the bridge member out of engagement with one of the staples of
the pair, the bridge member sliding slightly and pivoting on the
second staple of the pair. Depression of the switch allows the leg
to move down and the bridge member into engagement with the one
staple of the pair.
FIG. 1 shows a Keyboard 1 particularly useful in desktop calculator
models. As seen in the Figure there are a plurality of key clusters
2-5 and a plurality of multiposition point switches 6-8 all of
which are mounted on a circuit board 16. Although any conventional
circuit board including two sided boards may be employed it is
preferred to use a board having desired circuitry printed on one
side, the bottom side as viewed in FIG. 1, with the required
contacts in the form of staple like members disposed on the
opposite side of the board with the legs of the staples extending
through apertures in the board and terminating in electrical
connection with selected portions of the printed circuitry. It will
be realized of course that various other contact members could be
employed.
The several key clusters are identical in construction, the only
difference being the number of keys and the size of the particular
buttons in each cluster. Thus a detailed discussion of one switch
will suffice for the others. Key cluster 3 comprises a housing 14
of a conventional electrically insulative material such as
polycarbonate mounted on board 16 in any convenient manner as by
use of conventional screw fasteners (not shown). A plurality of key
units 12 are formed in housing 14, each unit having a guideway 26
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. For each key unit 12 a pair of U-shaped
electrically conductive contact members in the form of staples 18,
20 are received in apertures provided in electrically insulative
board 16 extending from a first surface 22 to a second opposed
surface 24. An elongated keybody 28, also of electrically
insulative material is slidingly received in guideway 26 and is
adapted for movement toward and away from staples 18, 20. Keybody
28 is formed with an axially extending slot 30 in communication
with a spring receiving bore 32 at the force transmitting end 34 of
keybody 28.
An electrically conductive movable bridge member 36, a relatively
stiff, inflexible member is disposed in a switch chamber 56 within
key unit 14. As best seen in FIG. 4, member 36 has two contact
sections 38 and 40 with a leg 42 extending from contact section 40
and terminating at a first distal end 44. A second leg 46 extends
from contact section 38 and has a second distal end 48.
Intermediate contact sections 38 and 40 is an upwardly bent portion
50.
Movable bridge member 36 is disposed in a switch chamber with
contact section 38 in engagement with bight 52 of staple 20. A
helical coil spring member 58 is also disposed in switch chamber 56
and extends from a spring seat 60 formed by the intersection of
slot 30 and bore 32 in keybody 28 to the movable bridge member 36
with the second leg 46 and upwardly bent portion 50 extending into
the space defined by spring 58 forming a seat for the spring.
Leg 46 cooperates with portion 50 to maintain spring 58 in the
desired location. Distal end 48 of leg 46 is provided with a hook
portion to facilitate assembly of the device. That is, spring 58
can be placed on movable contact member 36 with distal end 48
hooked over the top of the spring maintaining the spring slightly
compressed and holding it in position so that it can be easily
handled. Once mounted in the switch distal end 48 is no longer
functional since seat 60 of keybody 28 further compresses spring 58
and maintains it away from end 48.
Keybody 28 is formed with a laterally projecting U-shaped portion
62 formed by legs 64 (only one being shown) integrally attached to
keybody 28 and joined by a bight portion 66. A beveled surface 68
is formed in bight portion 66 which is adapted to engage distal end
44 of leg 42 of movable contact member 36 which is trained through
the opening in U-shaped portion 62.
As seen in FIG. 2 in which the switch is at the at rest contacts
disengaged position, spring 58 reacts against bight 52 and the wall
of housing 14 through the extreme end portion 70 of contact section
38 and biases keybody 28 upwardly with bight portion 66 camming leg
42 upwardly lifting contact section 40 out of engagement with bight
54 of staple 18. As the keybody 28 is depressed by a force
transmitted through the force transmitting end 72 of the keybody
the cam 66 is moved downwardly allowing leg 42 and contact section
40 to move downwardly until contact section 40 comes into
engagement with bight 54 of staple 18. Use of the single spring 58
as shown provides both pretravel and overtravel of the keybody. It
will also be noted that all of the spring force is directly
utilized as contact force.
In an exemplary switch made in accordance with the invention the
keybody has approximately 0.150 inches overall travel. Contact
engagement occurs after approximately 0.075 inches followed by
0.075 inches overtravel with surface 66 moving away from distal end
44 and spring 58 being further compressed. While bridge member 36
is pivoting on bight portion 52 of staple 20 there is a slight
contact wiping occurring at that section since end 70 forces bridge
member 36 to slide slightly to the left as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3,
upon contact engagement. However, once contact section 40 comes
into engagement with bight 54 there is no further sliding movement
and hence no electrical noise after contact engagement.
Multiposition point switches, 6, 7 and 8 shown in FIG. 1 are of
identical structure and hence only one will be discussed in detail.
In FIG. 6 multiposition point switch 6 is illustrated. The switch
is shown having six positions, however the particular number of
positions is a matter of choice. Housing 80 mounts a slide member
82 thereon and is formed with opposed lips 84 to confine slide 82
to linear sliding movement (right and left as seen in FIG. 6).
Integrally formed with slide member 82 is a knob 86 extending from
a raised platform 88 on which a series of serrations 90 is
preferably provided to facilitate handling. A series of detents 92
are formed in the bottom surface of slide 82 each being adapted to
receive therein a spherical member 94 received in bore 96 formed in
housing 80 and biased toward the slide member by a coil spring 98
disposed in bore 96 intermediate member 94 and a bottom wall of the
bore forming a spring seat 100.
Grooves 102, 104 are formed on opposite sides of housing 80 on the
end of the housing received on printed circuit board 16 and receive
therein respective opposite L-shaped tab ends 106, 108 of an
electrically conductive retainer plate 110. A bore 112 is formed in
slide member 82 and lockingly receives the shank 114 of leg 116
depending from slide member 82. Leg 116 extends through a
longitudinally extending slot 118 formed in plate 110 and is
received in a slot 120 of a resilient electrically conductive
member 122. Resilient member 122 is generally wave shaped having an
undulated convex and concave top and bottom surface. A row of
contact members such as staples 126 between outer contact members
such as staples 128 and 130 are disposed beneath retainer plate 110
and are arranged so that their bight portions are generally
parallel to one another. The legs of staple 126 extend through
apertures in board 16 in the same manner as shown in FIG. 5 with at
least one leg of staples 126 in electrical connection with a
selected portion of the printed circuit. The outer staples 128 and
130 of the row are electrically connected to ends 106, 108
respectively of the retainer plate, however only staple 128 is in
electrical connection with the printed circuit. Thus a circuit path
can be traced from the printed circuit through staple 128, plate
110, spring contact member 122 to one of staples 126 depending on
the position of slide member 82. The indents 92 are so located
relative to the position of staples 126 that when spherical member
94 is received in any one of detents 92 spring contact 122 is
biased into electrical contact with one of staples 126.
Housing 82 may be mounted on board 16 in any convenient manner such
as by use of screws 132. A duplicate set of detents 134, extend
from the center of slide 82 to the right as seen in FIG. 6 so that
spherical member 94 and spring 98 can be located either as shown or
in bore 136 if so desired.
The design of the keyboard described above is particularly suitable
for mass manufacturing techniques. The printed circuit is plated on
a surface thereof, the electrical contacts in the form of staples
are inserted through apertures provided in the board, the
connections are soldered by flow soldering and then the entire
board is scrubbed clean with appropriate detergents. The board acts
as a support for the several key clusters and multiposition
switches which are locked into place, as mentioned supra, as by use
of screw fasteners. No jumpers or other connectors are required so
that hand work on the keyboard is kept to an absolute minimum. Once
the keyboard is assembled with its switches thereon it is placed in
a receiving bezel of a desk top calculator and the circuit board is
electrically connected to the other component parts of the
apparatus such as for instance, a read only memory (ROM), program
counter (PC), instruction register (IR), control decoders and other
desired components.
Although the invention has been described with respect to specific
preferred embodiments thereof, many variations and modifications
will immediately become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is
therefore the intention that the appended claims be interpreted as
broadly as possible in view of the prior art to include all such
variations and modifications.
* * * * *