U.S. patent number 3,841,528 [Application Number 05/184,693] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-15 for container for liquids having hinged lid allowing easy stacking.
Invention is credited to Harvey Eisenberg.
United States Patent |
3,841,528 |
Eisenberg |
October 15, 1974 |
CONTAINER FOR LIQUIDS HAVING HINGED LID ALLOWING EASY STACKING
Abstract
A container for liquids, such as a carafe, and comprising a body
having a tapered inner wall and a pouring lip, and a lid secured to
the body by a hinge member, said lid having a portion engaging and
overhanging the pouring lip when the lid is in the closed
position.
Inventors: |
Eisenberg; Harvey (Livingston,
NJ) |
Family
ID: |
22677975 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/184,693 |
Filed: |
September 29, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/143;
16/DIG.13; 206/519; 220/817; 220/839; 220/832; D7/317; 206/515 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47G
19/12 (20130101); Y10S 16/13 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47G
19/00 (20060101); A47G 19/12 (20060101); B67d
005/60 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/143,538,546,572,574,465 ;220/31S,34,97C ;D44/21R
;16/DIG.13,128A,150 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Scherbel; David A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Jurick; Rudolph J.
Claims
I claim:
1. A carafe comprising,
a. a body formed of foamed plastic and having an elongated
cross-sectional configuration, said body having a closed bottom and
tapered sidewalls,
b. a pouring lip formed integrally with said body and including a
flat surface portion lying in a plane substantially parallel to the
plane containing the top end wall of the body, said flat surface
portion being intersected by a channel communicating with the
interior of the body,
c. an elongated lid formed of foamed plastic and including a flat
portion which engages and overhangs the said flat surface portion
of the pouring lip when the lid is in the closed position, said lid
having a maximum width less than the stack height of the carafe
and
d. a hinge member formed integrally with the body and the lid, said
hinge member comprising a relatively thin, substantially rigid web
portion which is connected to the body by a first section of
reduced thickness and to the lid by a second section of reduced
thickness, said lid including circular edge portions located at
opposite ends of the web and concentric with the said second
section of reduced thickness, the radium of the said edge portions
being greater than the width of the web.
2. The invention as recited in claim 1, including a handle formed
integrally with the said body; wherein the vertical plane
containing the major axis of the carafe passes through the handle
and the pouring lip, and wherein the minor axis of the body passes
through the said hinge member.
3. The invention as recited in claim 1, including a second similar
pouring lip formed integrally with the body, a second flat surface
on the said lid, which portion engages and overhangs the flat
surface portion of the second pouring lip when the lid is in the
closed position, a handle formed integrally with the body and
positioned substantially midway between the two pouring lips, said
handle having a length less than the stack height of the carafe;
and wherein the vertical plane containing the major axis of the
carafe also passes through the second pouring lip.
4. An integral hinge member joining together a container and a lid
made of foamed plastic, said hinge member comprising a relatively
thin, substantially rigid web portion which is connected to the
said body and lid by sections of reduced thickness constituting
flexible joints, said lid including circular edge portions located
at opposite ends of the web portion and being substantially
concentric with the flexible joint connecting the lid to the web
portion, the radius of the said edge portions being greater than
the width of the web portion.
5. An integral hinge member joining together two members made of
foamed plastic, said hinge member comprising a relatively thin,
substantially rigid web portion which is connected to the two
members by sections of reduced thickness constituting flexible
joints, one of the said members including circular edge portions
located at opposite ends of the web portion and being substantially
concentric with the flexible joint connecting such member to the
web portion, the radius of the said edge portions being greater
than the width of the web portion.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Although the invention relates broadly to containers for liquids,
it will be described specifically with reference to carafes of the
class generally used in nursing homes, hospitals and the like
institutions.
Various disposable type carafes are currently available, some being
made of hard plastic material, such as polyethylene or
polypropylene, and others being made of a molded cellular plastic,
such as foam polystyrene. The latter carafes are significant in
their ability to maintain liquids and/or ice water at a reasonably
constant temperature over a number of hours without requiring
refilling. However, tthe prior foam carafes suffer from various
shortcomings.
In a hospital, for example, cool water is normally required by a
patient, for patient comfort as well as assisting the ingestion of
pills, medication, etc. A carafe, kept at the patient's bedside, is
intended to be used only by a single patient and is either
discarded or given to the patient upon his discharge from the
hospital. In addition to saving the hospital the cost of
re-sterilizing permanent carafes, the disposable, or single-patient
use carafe helps to control the spread of hospital-related
cross-infections. Such cross-infections can be transmitted from one
sick patient to another by the use of imcompletely sterilized
utensils, through physical contact, through the air and through
intermediaries such as nurses, aides or doctors. In addition, the
personal items which an infected patient uses, even a mildly
infected patient with a simple respiratory ailment like a cold,
should be kept isolated an used solely by that patient in order to
control cross-infection. Great care must be exercised to prevent
mixing of items the patient touches daily, such as utensils,
carafes, glassware, etc. In this regard, even currently available
disposable, or single-patient-use, hospital carafes, by their very
design and construction, are potential hazards relating to the
spread of cross-infections since they generally are of two-piece
construction, that is, a separate body (container) and lid.
Consequently, a mixup can occur when the carafes are taken from the
patients bedside to a central pantry or to a rolling ice cart for
filling, as generally is done once or twice each day. These mixups
result in the lids and bodies being interchanged between the
carafes belonging to various patients, thus defeating the purpose
of having each patient use only one set of his own personal
utensils. Since most hospitals use utensils of standardized design
for all patients, it is easy to see how mixups of carafe lids and
bodies can occur, even when the lid usually is marked with the name
of the patient. Furthermore, patients with respiratory ailments can
readily spread through the air, as by coughing, large amounts of
bacteria onto the items in their vicinity. In this regard, many of
the currently available carafes, particularly the popular cellular
insulating type, are constructed with an exposed pouring lip.
Generally, the pouring lip is exposed by turning or sliding the lid
in a prescribed manner, whereby the contained liquid can be poured
into a glass. After use, the lid should be returned to its original
position of closure but, often, the patient or the nurse leaves the
lid in the pouring position for convenience, or because, in the
case of elderly patients affected with weaknesses such as arthritic
hands, it is too difficult to constantly reclose the lid on the
carafe body. Thus, airborne germs and bacteria in the hospital
atmosphere can deposit themselves on the exposed pouring lip and
later be ingested by the patient using water from such an infected
carafe.
A carafe made in accordance with this invention incorporates
features which minimize the possibility of cross-infections through
airborne bacteria or mixups during refilling of the carafe. Also,
the carafe is easily and readily used by elderly or infirm
patients. The lid of the carafe is securely attached to a tapered
body by a hinge membrane so that these parts cannot become
separated, yet the lid is easily opened for refilling, as well as
for cleaning and inspection. The carafe is always ready for pouring
but the closed lid covers the pouring lip leaving only a small
channel for the flow of liquid therethrough, thereby preventing the
fallout of airborne bacteria on the pouring lip, as in the case of
carafes of conventional construction. Furthermore, the lid folds
down to a position adjacent the body of the carafe, whereby nested
carafes may be shipped or stored in a shipping carton of minimum
size. Because the lid is at all times attached to the body, there
is no danger of miscount in the shipping carton and inventory
taking at the hospital is simplified.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with one embodiment of this invention, a carafe is
made of a cellular plastic and comprises a body having a tapered
inside wall and having a lid secured thereto by a hinge member. A
pouring lip, formed integrally with the body, includes a discharge
channel intersecting a flat surface portion. The lid includes a
portion which engages and overhangs the said flat surface portion
when the lid is in the fully closed position, thereby to prevent
the fallout of airborne bacteria on the pouring lid surface while,
at the same time permitting liquid to be poured from the carafe
with the lid in the fully closed position. The carafe has an
elongated cross-sectional configuration and the hinge member is
positioned to minimize the carafe stack height. In accordance with
another embodiment of the invention, the carafe is formed with a
pair of diametrically opposed pouring lips and an integral handle
positioned between the two lips, thereby affording a maximum
facility of use of the carafe.
An object of this invention is the provision of a carafe
constructed and arranged to minimize the cross-infection of
hospital patients through airborne bacteria and to reduce the
possibility of mixups when the carafe is removed from the patient's
room for refilling.
An object of this invention is the provision of a carafe having a
lid secured to a body by a novel hinge member and having a covered
pouring lip constructed so that liquid may be poured from the
carafe with the lid in the fully closed position.
An object of this invention is the provision of a disposable carafe
having a body and lid made of cellular plastic and secured together
by a hinge member, said body having a pouring lip formed integrally
therewith and said lid having an integral projecting portion which
overhangs the pouring lip when the lid is in the closed position,
thereby to prevent the fallout of airborne bacteria on the pouring
lip surface.
The above-stated and other objects and advantages of the invention
will become apparent from the following description when taken with
the accompanying drawings. It will be understood, however, that the
drawings are for purposes of illustration and are not to be
construed as defining the scope or limits of the invention,
reference being had for the latter purpose to the claims appended
thereto.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings wherein like reference characters denote like parts
in the several views:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a closed carafe made in
accordance with one embodiment of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view thereof with a portion of the
sidewall broken away;
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view and showing the lid in the fully
open position;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5--5 of FIG.
2;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view showing the lid in the fully open
position;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary side elevational view similar to FIG. 1 and
showing a handle formed integrally with the carafe body;
FIG. 8 is a side elevational view showing a closed carafe made in
accordance with another embodiment of this invention;
FIG. 9 is a corresponding top plan view showing the lid in the open
position;
FIG. 10 is a corresponding end elevational view;
FIG. 11 is a side elevational view illustrating how carafes made in
accordance with this invention can be nested for shipment and
storage;
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the line
12--12 of FIG. 6 and drawn to an enlarged scale;
FIG. 13 is a similar view but showing the lid in the closed
position; and
FIG. 14 is similar view but showing the lid in the folded-down
position.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Reference now is made to FIGS. 1-6 showing a carafe made in
accordance with one embodiment of this invention. The carafe
comprises a generally oblong lid 10 secured to a body 11 by a hinge
member 12. The body has tapered sidewalls diverging from the closed
bottom and the hinge member comprises a flexible material affixed
to a separate lid and body by means of heat, a solvent or an
adhesive. Preferably, the hinge member is formed integrally with
the lid and the body as will be described hereinbelow with specific
reference to FIGS. 12-14. The lid and body are formed of a suitable
plastic such as, for example, molded foam styrene, and the front
end portion 13, of the lid, has a more pointed contour than the
rear end 14 and is indicative of the location of the pouring lip
15. As shown in FIG. 4 the lid is in the fully open position.
However, the lid also is rotatable approximately 270.degree. to the
fold-down position, whereby the carafes can be nested for shipment
and storage, as will be described in more detail hereinbelow. As
the lid is at all times attached to the body, there is no danger of
miscounts in the shipping carton, as might otherwise be the case
when the lid and the body are separate units.
The pouring lip 15, of the carafe, is formed integrally with the
body 11 and includes a channel 16 constituting a discharge opening
for the contained liquid. The pouring lip has a flat upper surface
which lies in the horizontal plane containing the upper end wall of
the body 11 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and the front portion 13, of the
lid projects beyond the pouring lip (see FIGS. 1 and 5). Thus, the
pouring lip is covered by the end portion 13 of the lid, said end
portion being in flush contact with and overhanging the lip 15 when
the lid is in the closed position, thereby minimizing the
possibility of bacteria being depositied on the pouring lip and
particularly on the discharge opening. Since it is not necessary to
displace the lid relative to the body for pouring, the carafe is
always in a ready to use condition. Yet the carafe is closed at all
times except, of course, when the lid is opened to refill the
carafe. Hence, older people, or infirm patients, who have
difficulty handling objects can easily use the carafe without
concern about the position of the lid. The area opposite the hinge
member 12 may be indented, as indicated by the numeral 17 in FIG.
6, to facilitate the opening of the lid when desired, as for
cleaning or refilling.
The open end of the body 11 conforms generally to the shape of the
lid 10. The front portion of the body 11 has a tapered, projecting
portion forming the pouring lip 15, whereas, the rear portion of
the body, that is, the portion 18 opposite the pouring lip,
includes a recessed, generally semi-circular portion provided with
vertically extending flutes 19 (see FIG. 1). This portion 18
conforms to the shape of the palm and fingers of a persons hand,
thereby constituting a firm gripping area to facilitate the pouring
of liquid from the carafe. The sloping upper surface of the rear
portion 14, of the lid, (FIGS. 1 and 5) provides a convenient rest
for the thumb when the fingers grip the body. Also, a handle 20 may
be formed integrally with the body as shown in the fragmentary side
elevational view of FIG. 7. Still further, and particularly for use
by patients who are unable to lift a carafe substantially filled
with liquid, the body 11 may be provided with opposed detents 22,
23, (FIGS. 1 and 3). Thus, the carafe can be mounted on a
conventional pivota stand disposed on a bedside table, whereby the
carafe can be tilted with a minimum effort for pouring.
The lid 10 preferably has an integral, ribbing 25, (FIGS. 5 and 6)
projecting from the lower surface thereof. This ribbing has a
configuration corresponding to that of the inner wall of the body
at the top end thereof and the ribbing is press-fitted into the
open, upper end of the body when the lid is in the fully closed
position, thereby substantially sealing the contained liquid from
the atmosphere. The ribbing may have a gap 26 at the front end of
the carafe. Alternatively, the ribbing may be continuous but that
portion of the ribbing which is at the front of the lid would be of
reversed curvature and spaced from the inner wall of the body when
the lid is in the closed position. In either case, the discharge
opening 16 communicates with the interior of the carafe when the
lid is in the fully closed position.
Reference now is made to FIGS. 8-10, showing a carafe provided with
two pouring lips and a handle. Specifically, the body 30 includes
two integral, diametrically opposed projecting portions 31 and 32,
said portions being provided with discharge channels, or openings,
33 and 34, respectively. The lid 35, secured to the body by an
integral hinge member 44, has opposed, tapered end portions 36 and
37 which come into flush engagement with and overly the
corresponding pouring lips when the lid is in the fully closed
position. The lid also includes an integral ribbing 38 which is
press-fitted into the open end of the body when the carafe is
closed. The ribbing may have two gaps so as not to block the
discharge channels 33 and 34. In this embodiment of the invention,
a handle 39 is formed integrally with the body, which handle
extends from a side of the carafe midway between the two pouring
lips.
In a carafe made from a cellular plastic, the wall thickness
generally is prescribed by the insulating efficiency desired, a
thick wall section being chosen if a long-term constant temperature
is desired. For foam polystyrene, for example, a wall thickness of
5/16 inch will maintain ice water for 8-10 hours. Even with a
tapered wall design, thick wall containers do not nest as close
together as, for example, thin paper or plastic cups of
conventional design. Thus, there is a vertical spacing between rims
of adjacent, nested containers, which spacing commonly is known as
the stack-height.
Because of the relatively thick wall, foamed plastic carafes have a
relatively large stack height. Carafes made in accordance with this
invention have an elongated cross-sectional configuration and the
overall size and shape is chosen so that the carafes will have a
desired volumetric capacity as well as a maximum stability and ease
of use. The hinge member is positioned at the side of the carafe
and the taper of the inner wall of the carafe body is so chosen
that the maximum width of the lid is less than the carafe stack
height. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be noted that the
vertical plane containing the major axis of the carafe passes
through the pouring lip 15 whereas the vertical plane containing
the minor axis of the carafe passes through the hinge member 12. In
the case of a carafe having a handle 20, as shown in FIG. 7, the
vertical plane containing the major axis of the carafe passes
through the pouring lip and the handle. With reference to
construction shown in FIGS. 8-10, the vertical plane containing the
major axis of the carafe passes through both of the pouring lips 31
and 32, whereas the vertical plane containing the minor axis of the
carafe passes through the hinge member 36 and the handle 39. The
dimensional relationship between the width of the lid and the
carafe stack height is illustrated in the front elevational view of
FIG. 11. Here the carafe 41 having a handle 42 and a lid 43, is
shown nested within a similar carafe 41' having a handle 42' and a
lid 43'. The maximum width (W) of the lids, (taken along the minor
axis of the lids) each is equal to or less than the stack height of
the carafes. The length of the handles is also equal to or less
than the stack height. Thus, the integral handles and the hinged
lids do not result in an increased stack height, that is, the stack
height is no greater than that normally required for particular
carafes having a given wall thickness and inside taper. For
example, carafes having a wall thickness of 5/16 inch, a taper of
5.degree. on the side and rear walls, and a taper of 10.degree. on
the front wall, will have a stack height approximately equal to
one-half the length of the carafe body.
The construction of the integral hinge member for a foamed carafe
will now be described with reference to FIGS. 12-14, which are
fragmentary enlarged cross-sectional views as taken along the line
12--12 of FIG. 6. In FIG. 12, the lid 10, body 11 and hinge member
12 are shown in the as-molded position. During the heating portion
of the molding cycle when the partially foamed particles are fused,
the hinge member 12 has an initial thickness somewhat less than
that of the lid but greater than its final thickness by a factor of
at least two times. While still heated, the partially foamed
material in the area constituting the hinge member is compressed to
substantially rigid web. The hinge member is substantially
co-planar with the upper end wall of the body 11 and the inner
surface of the lid 10 and the lines along which the hinge member is
integrally connected to the body and to the lid are of reduced
thickness, as indicated by the arrows a and b, respectively. Also,
the effective width of the hinge member, taken between the lines a
and b, is substantially equal to the thickness of the wall of the
body 11, whereas the length (L) of the hinge member, as shown in
FIG. 6, preferably is somewhat longer than its width. Although the
main portion of the hinge member is a compressed, rigid member, the
reduced-thickness portions a and b thereof may be considered as
score lines, whereby these portions function like a flexible joint.
Thus, when the lid is rotated to the closed position as shown in
FIG. 13, it pivots about the joint generally defined by the reduced
thickness portion a, it being apparent that the lid also pivots
about this joint when the lid is returned to the fully open
position shown in FIG. 12. The described hinge member construction
also permits rotation of the lid to the folded-down, or shipping
position along the body 11 as shown in FIG. 14. This is desirable
to nest the carafes for shipment, see FIG. 11. As the lid is
rotated from the fully open position (FIG. 12) to the folded-down
position (FIG. 14), it pivots somewhat along the joint a but more
along the joint b. Since the rotation radius (r, between the joint
b and the curved, non-compressed surface of the lid 10, is somewhat
greater than the width of the hinge member between the joints a and
b there will be an interference between the lid and the proximate
edge of the body 11 at some point before the lid has been rotated
to the illustrated folded-down position. However, foamed cellular
plastic material has an inherent resiliency sufficient to permit a
slight temporary compressive deformation thereof without
permanently changing its original shape. Thus, the mutual surface
areas of contact between the lid and the wall of the body are
compressed slightly as the lid is forcefully rotated through the
interference area. Then, when the interference area has been
passed, the material returns substantially to its' original shape
and thickness. Therefore, once the lid has been rotated to the
folded-down position shown in FIG. 14, it effectively is locked in
such position. The carafes are multi-packed and nested in a
shipping carton with the lids locked in the folded-down positions.
The described temporary material compression action takes place
when the lid is rotated in the reverse direction to place the
carafe in condition for normal use.
Having now described the invention what I desire to protect by
Letters Patent is set forth in the following claims.
* * * * *