U.S. patent number 3,837,560 [Application Number 05/254,749] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-24 for expanded polystyrene partition structure and method of making thereof.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Cutting Equipment Leasing, Inc.. Invention is credited to Stanley Gembicki, Louis G. Kuchuris.
United States Patent |
3,837,560 |
Kuchuris , et al. |
September 24, 1974 |
EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE PARTITION STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING
THEREOF
Abstract
A partition structure for shipping or storage containers having
a plurality of interfitting partition strips with interlocking
slots and with the partition strips being formed of expanded
polystyrene. In one form thereof, the planar faces of a partition
strip have a relatively low density because of said surfaces being
formed by saw cut from a block of expanded polystyrene, while the
entire peripheral edge of the partition strip, including the
interlocking slots, are formed by hot wire cutting to have a higher
density on the surface thereof to provide greater physical strength
for the partition strip.
Inventors: |
Kuchuris; Louis G. (Chicago,
IL), Gembicki; Stanley (Des Plaines, IL) |
Assignee: |
Cutting Equipment Leasing, Inc.
(Chicago, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22965448 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/254,749 |
Filed: |
May 18, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
229/120.36;
217/34; 220/552; 217/31; 220/510; 428/116 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B26D
3/006 (20130101); B65D 5/48038 (20130101); Y10T
428/24149 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/49 (20060101); B65D 5/48 (20060101); B26D
1/00 (20060101); B65d 005/48 () |
Field of
Search: |
;229/15,146
;217/31,34,35 ;206/46F,46C ;220/DIG.14,9F,22 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Dixson, Jr.; William T.
Assistant Examiner: Marcus; Stephen
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hofgren, Wegner, Allen, Stellman
& McCord
Claims
We claim:
1. A partition strip for interlocking relation with other such
strips to form a partition structure usable in a shipping or
storage container comprising a generally planar integral body of
expanded polystyrene material with a series of slots extending for
part of the height thereof for interlock with other partition
strips, the generally planar faces of said body having a relative
low density for cushioning contact with a product and the edges of
said strip including the surfaces of said slots being partially
melted in shaping thereof to have a substantially uniform higher
density and being in tension for adding structural strength to the
strip.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to partition structure and, more
particularly, to partition strips formed of expanded
polystyrene.
Partition structures for shipping and storage containers, as
generally known prior to this invention, are formed from corrugated
paper material. Such structures are relatively expensive
considering the cost of raw materials and labor in manufacture.
Apart from the cost thereof, a less than satisfactory partition
structure results because the paper material has many properties
which are undesirable in the shipping and storing of material. The
paper is subject to mold, staining, combustion, water damage and,
once subject to crushing forces, does not have any memory to return
to its original shape.
SUMMARY
With the partition structure and partition strips disclosed herein
and formed of expanded polystyrene, the partition is a relatively
inert structure which is not subject to water damage, mold,
staining and is practically noncombustible and a vapor barrier.
Additionally, the cost of the raw material and labor, in forming
the partition strips, is less than that of conventional corrugated
paper partition structure, adding to the advantages thereof. The
resulting partition structure is relatively lightweight and
provides the desired cushioning contact and structural strength for
a shipping container without substantial addition to the shipping
weight of the container.
In addition to the novelty of the partition strip formed of
expanded polystyrene, it is possible to provide a one-piece
laminate, in effect, with the planar faces of the partition strip
being formed by saw-cutting of the strip from a block of expanded
polystyrene to have the faces with the same low density as that of
the basic block from which they are formed, while the entire
peripheral edge, including the interlocking slots formed in a
partition strip, are subject to hot wire formation to provide
melting of the surface of the partition strip along the entire
edge. This melting provides a relatively high density layer along
the surface of the partition strip edge to provide added structural
strength and also forms a tension surface to provide a prestressed
beam effect for the partition strip. The hot wire forming of the
interlocking slots, due to the melting of the surface polystyrene,
also provides strength to the interlocking slots.
Additionally disclosed herein is a novel method of forming the
partition strips wherein a block of expanded polystyrene has its
top, bottom and sides and a plurality of interlocking slots shaped
by hot wire cutting to form the higher density surface layer
followed by saw cuts of successive partition strips along a line
transverse to the length of the block to have the exposed planar
faces of the partition strip of unmodified low density expanded
polystyrene for cushioning contact with a product.
In view of the foregoing, a general object of this invention is to
provide a new and improved partition structure wherein interlocking
partition strips are formed of expanded polystyrene.
Another object of the invention is to provide a partition strip for
interlocking relation with other such strips to form a partition
structure usable in shipping or storage containers comprising a
generally planar integral body of expanded polystyrene with the
planar faces of said body having relatively low density for
cushioning contact with the product and the edge of the strip
having a higher density for adding structural strength to the
strip.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a partition
structure for shipping and storage containers having a plurality of
interfitting partition strips with interlocking slots wherein the
partition strips are formed of a molded plastic material and with
the partition strip having generally planar faces with relatively
low density for cushioning contact with the product and the
peripheral edge of the strip having a higher density for added
structural strength.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method of forming
a partition strip and a partition strip resulting from said method
wherein successive partition strips are sawed from a block of
expanded polystyrene to have the planar faces thereof of the same
density as the basic block of material and with the slots formed in
the partition strip and the entire edge of the strip being
preformed prior to sawing by hot wire cutting applied to the block
with resulting melting of expanded polystyrene at the surfaces
contacted by the hot wire to form a higher density surface layer in
the partition strip.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tool usable in forming the
interlocking slots in a block of expanded polystyrene prior to
formation of an individual partition strip;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the saw-cutting of a partition
strip from a block of expanded polystyrene;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a formed partition strip;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a partition structure showing a
plurality of interlocked partition strips; and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, enlarged view of a part of a partition
strip showing the different density between the major part of the
body of the partition strip and the edge thereof, with the latter
being formed by hot wire cutting.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED METHOD AND EMBODIMENT
In describing the method, reference may be made to FIGS. 1 and 2
wherein a block 10 of expanded polystyrene is shown. This block has
a length extending from left to right as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2,
with a top 11 and a bottom (not shown) and with a front side 12 and
rear side (not shown). One end is indicated at 15. This block 10
has a height and width equal to the height and length,
respectively, of a partition strip indicated generally at 20 in
FIG. 3.
The top 11, bottom and front side 12 and rear side of the block 10
are formed by hot wire cutting prior to the step of the method
illustrated in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, a tool, which is
illustrative only, is provided for hot wire forming of a plurality
of slots 21, 22, and 23 in the partition strip 20. A plurality of
hot wires 24, 25 and 26 are, as known in the art, electrically
heated and suitably mounted in a vertically-movable frame,
indicated generally at 30, whereby they may be lowered into the
block 10 to a desired depth to form the interlocking slots 21-23 by
melting of the expanded polystyrene. Following formation of the
interlocking slots along the entire length of the block 10, the
block 10 is then moved relative to a saw-cut device, such as a band
saw, indicated generally at 40, having a travelling blade 41, to
cut successive partition strips 20 of the desired thickness from
the block 10. This is accomplished by relative movement between the
block and the blade along a line transverse to the length of the
block with successive repositioning of the block and blade relative
to each other for a succeeding cut. After the step performed as
shown in FIG. 2, the partition strip 20 is then complete and is as
shown in FIG. 3. A series of partition strips 20a are then
positioned in spaced, parallel relation with their interlocking
slots faced upwardly and are interfitted with an inverted series of
parallel spaced partition strips 20b to form the partition
structure illustrated in FIG. 4.
With the method as described herein, the entire peripheral edge of
the partition strip 20 including a bottom edge 50, the front and
rear edges 51 and 52, respectively, and the top edge 53 including
the entire surface of the interlocking slots 21-23 are initially
formed by hot wire cutting which results in melting of the expanded
polystyrene. This melting results in a relatively high density
surface layer, as illustrated at 60 in FIG. 5, while the major part
of the partition strip is of a low density and the same as that of
the basic block 10 of expanded polystyrene and as indicated at 61
in FIG. 5. This results in the formation of a tension surface for
the partition strip about the entire edge thereof having a higher
density for structural strength and, in effect, providing a
prestressed beam effect for the partition strip, and with resultant
strengthening of the bottom of the interlocking slots.
The generally planar partition strip 20 has a pair of opposed
planar faces, with one face 70 shown in FIG. 3 and with each of
these faces being formed by the saw-cut step of the method
illustrated in FIG. 2. The saw cut results in the formation of the
partition strip from the block 10 without creating any dust and
without any modification of the density of the planar surface
whereby the density is the same as that of the basic block and is
of a relatively low value. This results in "soft" surfaces for the
partition strips which can be in cushioning contact with a product
in a shipping or storage container and when the partition strips
are assembled into the partition grid structure illustrated in FIG.
4.
The partition strips of expanded polystyrene are capable of meeting
many different packaging requirements. The basic block 10 can be
selected to have a density in the range of 1 pound per cubic foot,
or less, up to a density of 4 to 5 pounds per cubic foot. This
results in planar faces for the partition strip which are
relatively soft but which still have a memory to return to the
initial shape after compression. The surface layer density along
the peripheral edge of the partition strip and in the slots 21-23
of the strip can then be controlled by the hot wire cutting
process, with density variation being controlled by the temperature
of the wire, the diameter of the wire, and the speed of travel of
the wire relative to the block 10 in the formation of the slots as
well as the initial shaping of the block 10. Additionally, the size
of the slots 21-23 of the partition strip 20 can also be varied by
control of the temperature, diameter, and speed of travel of the
wires 24-26, shown in FIG. 1.
With the structure and process disclosed herein, it will be seen
that partition strips are provided of relatively low-cost basic
material and minimal production cost wherein the partition strip,
in effect, is an integral laminate with a high density peripheral
edge surface to provide for handling strength and resistance to
crushing of the partition strip, while the planar faces thereof are
of low density to provide maximum cushioning effect in contact with
products.
Examination of a partition strip made by the process disclosed
herein shows that the planar faces thereof have a relatively
smooth, soft surface, while the peripheral edge around the entire
partition strip, including the interlocking slots, has a rougher
and harder surface.
As an example, partition strips of expanded polystyrene have been
found to perform satisfactorily wherein the density of the basic
block 10 is approximately 1/2 pound per cubic foot and with the
peripheral edge of the strip being formed by hot wire cutting to
have a surface layer with a density of approximately 40 pounds per
cubic foot. These values are not limiting, but are only given as an
example of one particular strip made by the process disclosed
herein.
* * * * *