U.S. patent number 3,835,899 [Application Number 05/306,051] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-17 for liquid dispensing nozzle.
Invention is credited to Charles A. Holder, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,835,899 |
Holder, Jr. |
September 17, 1974 |
LIQUID DISPENSING NOZZLE
Abstract
A fuel dispensing nozzle has a sealing member slidably supported
on a spout of the nozzle to seal a tank in which the spout is
disposed. The nozzle has an arrangement to recover the vapors from
the tank being filled. When the vapor pressure in the tank exceeds
a predetermined pressure, fuel flow to the tank is stopped. The
fuel flow also is stopped when the liquid in the tank exceeds a
predetermined level.
Inventors: |
Holder, Jr.; Charles A.
(Cincinnati, OH) |
Family
ID: |
26748636 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/306,051 |
Filed: |
November 13, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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68154 |
Aug 31, 1970 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
141/214; 141/226;
141/291; 141/224; 251/61.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B67D
7/48 (20130101); B67D 7/54 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B67D
5/373 (20060101); B67D 5/378 (20060101); B67D
5/37 (20060101); B65b 003/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/386,389
;141/39,40,41,59,192,198,206-215,217,218,225,226,291,93
;251/25,61-61.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bell, Jr.; Houston S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Schenk; John G.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 68,154, filed Aug.
31, 1970, now abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An automatic shut-off nozzle comprising a body having an inlet
and an outlet, a valve in the body controlling flow of liquid from
the inlet to the outlet, manual operated means controlling the
operation of the valve, a spout communicating with the outlet, said
spout being insertable into a tank through an opening therein to
allow the liquid to be dispensed therein, release means movable in
one direction to release the manual operated means in response to
either of two conditions existing in the tank and acting on the
manual operated means to allow closing of the valve and stoppage of
liquid flow, the conditions being build-up of vapor pressure to a
predetermined vapor pressure and liquid reaching a predetermined
level, a first means communicating with the tank and responsive to
either of the conditions existing in the tank, the first means
being connected to said release means to cause movement of the
release means in the one direction in response to only one of the
conditions existing in the tank, and a second means communicating
with the tank and responsive only to the other of the conditions
existing in the tank, the second means being connected to said
release means to cause movement of the release means in the same
direction in response to the other of the conditions existing in
the tank.
2. The nozzle according to claim 1 in which said first means
comprises a first diaphragm and said second means comprises a
second diaphragm.
3. The nozzle according to claim 2 in which said first diaphragm
forms a wall of a first chamber communicating with the tank and
said second diaphragm forms a wall of a second chamber
communicating with the tank.
4. The nozzle according to claim 3 in which the tank is a sealed
tank being filled, said second diaphragm responding only to the
predetermined vapor pressure in the tank, and said second means
includes means cooperating with said second diaphragm to select the
predetermined vapor pressure to which said second means
responds.
5. The nozzle according to claim 3 in which mounting means for said
second diaphragm includes means to connect said second diaphragm to
the release means and mounting means for said first diaphragm
includes means to connect said first diaphragm to said second means
to move said second diaphragm in the direction in which said second
diaphragm moves the release means in the one direction only when
said first diaphragm responds to the one condition.
6. The nozzle according to claim 5 in which said connecting means
between said first diaphragm and said second means comprises means
to form a rigid connection when said first diaphragm moves in
response to the one condition in the tank and means to render the
rigid connection ineffective when said first diaphragm moves in
response to the other condition in the tank.
7. The nozzle according to claim 5 in which said connecting means
between said first diaphragm and said second means comprises a
first member attached to said first diaphragm, a second member
attached to said second diaphragm, resilient means to allow said
first member to move relative to said second member when said first
diaphragm moves in response to the other condition in the tank, and
said first member and said second member having cooperating means
to move said second member with said first member when said first
diaphragm moves in response to the one condition in the tank.
8. The nozzle according to claim 7 in which said cooperating means
of said first and second members and said resilient means cooperate
together to allow said second diaphragm to move in response to the
other condition in the tank.
9. The nozzle according to claim 8 in which said second member
includes means to determine the predetermined pressure at which
said second diaphragm moves the release means in the single
direction.
10. The nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the spout has means
thereon to seal the opening in the tank in which said spout is
disposed to fill the tank, and means to remove vapors from the
sealed tank.
11. The nozzle according to claim 10 in which said first means
includes a first diaphragm movable in one direction in response to
the liquid in the sealed tank reaching the predetermined level and
in the opposite direction in response to the vapor pressure in the
sealed tank exceeding the predetermined pressure, said second means
includes a second diaphragm movable in the one direction in
response to the vapor pressure in the sealed tank exceeding the
predetermined pressure, means cooperating with said second
diaphragm and said release means to move said release means to the
position in which flow to said spout is stopped when said second
diaphragm moves in the one direction in response to the vapor
pressure exceeding the predetermined pressure, and means to connect
said first diaphragm to said second diaphragm to cause movement of
said second diaphragm with said first diaphragm only when said
first diaphragm moves in the one direction to move said release
means to the position in which flow to said spout is stopped when
the liquid in the sealed tank reaches the predetermined level.
12. The nozzle according to claim 11 including a first chamber
communicating with the sealed tank and having said first diaphragm
form a wall thereof, means to create a flow of air from the sealed
tank through said first chamber when said operated means is
positioned to allow liquid flow from said inlet to said outlet
until the liquid in the sealed tank reaches the predetermined
level, said creating means also allowing the vapor pressure in the
sealed tank to communicate with said first chamber, a second
chamber communicating with the tank to cause the vapor pressure in
the sealed tank to exist in said second chamber and having said
second diaphragm form a wall thereof, said first diaphragm
communicating with the atmosphere on its exterior side, and said
second diaphragm communicating with the atmosphere on its exterior
side.
13. The nozzle according to claim 12 in which said means connecting
said first diaphragm to said second diaphragm includes a first
member attached to said first diaphragm, a second member attached
to said second diaphragm, and said first and second members having
cooperating means to cause said second diaphragm to be moved by
said first diaphragm only when said first diaphragm moves in the
one direction and to allow said second diaphragm to move in the one
direction when the vapor pressure in the sealed tank exceeds the
predetermined value irrespective of the direction of movement of
said first diaphragm.
14. The nozzle according to claim 10 in which said vapor removal
means includes a tube disposed within said spout, said spout having
an opening in its wall in communication with one end of said tube
and disposed within the sealed tank when said spout is disposed
therein, and means communicating with the other end of said tube to
receive the vapors from the sealed tank.
15. The nozzle according to claim 14 in which said sealing means
includes means to seal said opening in the wall of said spout when
said spout is not disposed in a tank, said sealing means for said
opening being supported on said spout.
16. The nozzle according to claim 15 in which said spout has means
supported thereon to retain said spout within the opening in the
tank irrespective of whether the nozzle is held and said supported
means being disposed adjacent said opening in the wall of said
spout but closer to the discharge end thereof.
17. The nozzle according to claim 16 including means continuously
urging said sealing means for said opening in the wall of said
spout to its sealing position and said supported means limiting the
movement of said sealing means by said continuous urging means.
18. The nozzle according to claim 10 in which said sealing means
includes a seal slidably mounted on the exterior of said spout and
means to continuously urge said seal against the tank to seal the
opening in the tank when said spout is disposed in the tank.
19. The nozzle according to claim 18 in which said spout has means
supported thereon to retain said spout within the opening in the
tank irrespective of whether the nozzle is held and said supported
means limits the movement of said seal along said spout.
20. The nozzle according to claim 10 in which said sealing means is
slidably supported on said spout.
21. The nozzle according to claim 10 in which said spout has means
supported thereon to retain said spout within the opening in the
tank irrespective of whether the nozzle is held.
22. The nozzle according to claim 18 in which said seal has an
upper portion that continuously engages the exterior of said spout
and a lower portion that surrounds the opening in the tank in
sealing relation thereto irrespective of the axial disposition of
said spout relative to the opening in the tank.
23. The nozzle according to claim 20 in which said sealing means
includes a seal having an upper portion that continuously engages
the exterior of said spout and a lower portion that surrounds the
opening in the tank in sealing relation thereto irrespective of the
axial disposition of said spout relative to the opening in the
tank.
24. The nozzle according to claim 14 wherein the nozzle has a guard
thereon, a conduit through the guard, the conduit communicating
with the vapor receiving means at one end thereof, the conduit
having another end communicating with a vapor recovery means.
25. The nozzle according to claim 21 wherein the supporting means
comprises a collar fixedly mounted on the spout, the collar having
a lip thereon engaging the opening in the tank and retaining the
nozzle therein.
26. The nozzle according to claim 10 wherein the seal means
comprises a ring of sealing material slidably mounted near the free
end of the spout, the ring having an upstanding lip in the center
portion, the lip having an inner surface engaging the spout, a
collar fixedly mounted on the spout inwardly of the ring, a coil
spring between the collar and the ring normally forcing the ring
toward the free end of the spout, a second collar fixedly mounted
on the spout outwardly of the ring and holding the ring on the
spout.
Description
When filling a vehicle tank with gasoline through a dispensing
nozzle, vapors from the gasoline within the tank escape therefrom
through the opening in which the spout of the nozzle is inserted.
This escape of the vapors into the atmospere pollutes the air.
While the vapor volume from filling a single vehicle is relatively
small, the large number of vehicles receiving gasoline at service
stations results in a substantial quantity of gasoline vapors
escaping into the atmosphere. Thus, pollution of the atmosphere can
be decreased if the vapors resulting from filling of vehicle tanks
with gasoline can be eliminated.
The present invention satisfactorily solves the foregoing problems
by providing a dispensing nozzle for supplying gasoline to a
vehicle tank in which vapor from the gasoline supplied to the tank
being filled cannot escape into the atmosphere. Accordingly, there
is reduced pollution of the atmosphere from the gasoline supplied
to a vehicle tank when the nozzle of the present invention is
employed.
The present invention also enables recovery of the vapors from the
gasoline supplied to the vehicle tank. Thus, by utilizing suitable
vapor recovery equipment in conjunction with the nozzle, the vapor
may be condensed to a liquid form to again be utilized whereby an
economic gain can be obtained. This economic gain can be utilized
to offset some of the cost of the vapor recovery equipment so that
the pollution problem is substantially reduced without any
significant additional cost to the service station operator.
By sealing the vehicle tank to insure that the vapors of the
gasoline being supplied thereto do not escape into the atmosphere,
it is necessary that the pressure within the tank not exceed a safe
value. While the vapor recovery system of the nozzle normally
prevents the pressure within the tank from exceeding the safe
value, the possibility exists that there could be a blockage in the
vapor passages so that pressure in the tank could exceed the safe
value. If the safe value should be exceeded, than rupture of the
vehicle tank could occur.
The present invention satisfactorily solves this problem by
automatically stopping the flow of the gasoline through the spout
to the vehicle tank when the pressure within the vehicle tank
exceeds a predetermined pressure. The present invention employs a
mechanism movable in response to the increase in pressure within
the tank to close the valve regulating gasoline flow into the
interior of the body of the nozzle.
An object of this invention is to provide a dispensing nozzle for
supplying a liquid to a sealed tank in which the nozzle includes
means to remove the vapors of the liquid from the tank.
Another object of this invention is to provide a dispensing nozzle
for supplying a liquid to a tank in which the tank is sealed when
the spout of the nozzle is disposed within the tank.
Other objects, uses, and advantages of this invention are apparent
upon a reading of this description, which proceeds with reference
to the drawings forming part thereof and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, of a portion of
the nozzle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, of the remainder
of the nozzle of FIG. 1 and showing its spout entering the filler
pipe of a vehicle tank.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, of the remainder
of the nozzle of FIG. 1 and similar to FIG. 2 but showing the spout
fully inserted within the filler pipe of the vehicle tank and the
opening in the filler pipe for the spout sealed.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a portion of
the nozzle of FIG. 1 when the spout of the nozzle is in the
position of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the nozzle
of FIG. 1 when the spout of the nozzle is in the position of FIG. 2
and taken along line 5--5 of FIG. 7.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the nozzle
of FIG. 1, similar to FIG. 5, but showing positions of the elements
when the spout is in the position of FIG. 3 with the view being
90.degree. to FIG. 4 and taken along line 5--5 of FIG. 7.
FIG. 7 is an end elevational view of the plunger that is slidably
supported within the spout adapter.
FIG. 8 is an end elevational view of the nozzle of FIG. 1 and taken
along line 8--8 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the nozzle
of the present invention and showing a check valve used
therewith.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, of a portion of a
nozzle, similar to FIG. 1, but using a different spout connection
to the body of the nozzle.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, of the nozzle of
FIG. 10 and showing the spout disposed within the filler pipe at an
angle to the axis of the filler pipe of the tank.
Referring to the drawings and particularly FIG. 1, there is shown a
nozzle body 10 having an inlet 11 to which a hose is connected to
supply a liquid such as gasoline, for example, to the interior of
the body 10. The body 10 has an outlet 12 with which a spout 14
communicates to receive liquid from the interior of the body 10.
The spout 14 is adapted to be inserted within an opening 15 (see
FIGS. 2 and 3) in a filler pipe 16 of a vehicle tank such as an
automobile fuel tank, for example.
The body 10 has a first valve 17 supported therein for controlling
the flow of liquid from the inlet 11 to the interior of the body
10. A second valve 18 is supported within the body 10 for
controlling the flow of liquid from the interior of the body 10 to
the spout 14. Both of the valves 17 and 18 must be open for the
liquid to flow through the spout 14.
A spring 19 continuously urges the valve 17 to its closed position.
A cap 20, which is threaded in an opening in the wall of the body
10, acts against one end of the spring 19 to retain the spring
19.
A stem 21 is connected to the first valve 17 and has its lower
portion extending exteriorly of the body. The valve stem 21, which
is slidably disposed within the body 10, is moved by a manually
operated lever or handle 22.
Liquid cannot flow from the body 10 to the exterior thereof through
the passage in the body 10 for the stem 21 due to a packing 23,
which is disposed in surrounding relation to the stem 21. A gland
24 is disposed above the packing 23 and has a spring 25 acting
thereon. A retainer 26 acts against the spring 25 and retains the
packing 23 in a position to prevent any leakage of liquid from the
body 10 through the passage for the stem 21.
A spout adapter 27 is connected to the outlet 12 of the body 10.
The spout adapter 27, which has the spout 14 slidably supported
thereby, is fixed to the body 10 by a screw 28.
The spout 14 is slidably supported by the spout adapter 27 by being
secured to one end of a plunger 29, which extends into the spout
adapter 27. The spout 14 is connected to the plunger 29 by a collar
30, which connects adjacent threaded ends of the spout 14 and the
plunger 29 to each other to form a unitary assembly.
The plunger 29 is continuously urged away from the body 10 by a
spring 31, which surrounds a portion of the plunger 29 and is
disposed within a recess 32 in the spout adapter 27. The outer
surface of the plunger 29 has a retaining ring 33 secured thereto
and against which one end of the spring 31 bears. The other end of
the spring 31 abuts against a shoulder 34, which defines a wall of
the recess 32, in the spout adapter 27.
Outward movement of the plunger 29 by the spring 31 is limited by
engagement of the retaining ring 33 with a cap 35, which is secured
by a screw 36 to the spout adapter 27. Thus, the spout 14 and the
plunger 29 are disposed in the position shown in FIG. 1 whenever
the spout 14 is not disposed within a tank and held therein by a
force exerted on the body 10.
In the position of FIG. 1, the second valve 18 closes the outlet 12
to prevent liquid from flowing from the interior of the body 10 if
the first valve 17 is open so that liquid can enter the interior of
the body 10 from the inlet 11. The second valve 18 is secured to
the plunger 29 for movement therewith.
The plunger 29 has a pair of tubes 37 and 38 fixed thereto. A plug
39 closes one end of the tube 37 and is secured thereto by any
suitable means such as being press fitted, for example. One end of
the tube 38 is closed by a plug 40, which is secured thereto by any
suitable means such as a press fit, for example. The second valve
18 is secured to the plugs 39 and 40 by screws 41 and 42,
respectively.
Accordingly, when the plunger 29 is in the position of FIGS. 1 and
5, the second valve 18 has a disc 43 contacting the end of the
spout adapter 27 to close the outlet 12. The disc 43 may be formed
of any material, which will form a seal with the end of the spout
adapter 27 when in the position of FIGS. 1 and 5. For example, the
disc 43 may be formed of rubber.
The second valve 18, which includes a holder 44 for the disc 43 and
bonded thereto, is moved to its open position only when the force
of the spring 31 is overcome. This can occur only after the spout
14 is disposed within the filler pipe 16 in the manner shown in
FIG. 3.
However, the liquid flow through the spout 14 to the vehicle tank
does not occur by opening only the second valve 18. It also
requires the first valve 17 to be opened by manually moving the
lever or handle 22.
When the spout 14 is disposed within the opening 15 in the filler
pipe 16, a sealing member 45 (see FIG. 2), which is slidably
supported on the spout 14, engages the end of the filler pipe 16.
When the sealing member 45, which is formed of any suitable sealing
material such as rubber, for example, abuts against the end of the
filler pipe 16, a spring 46, which surrounds the spout 14 and has
one end acting against the sealing member 45 and its other end
acting against a collar 47 fixed on the spout 14, is compressed as
force is exerted on the body 10.
Thus, as the spout 14 advances into the filler pipe 16, the
movement of the spout 14 is eventually stopped due to the spring 46
being incapable of any further compression. At this time, the force
on the body 10 causes the spring 31 to be compressed whereby the
body 10 moves relatively to the plunger 29 so that the end of the
spout adapter 27 moves away from the second valve 18.
This arrangement results in the second valve 18 returning to its
closed position as soon as the body 10 ceases to have a force
exerted thereon. It is not necessary for there to be any withdrawal
of the spout 14 from the filler pipe 16 for the second valve 18 to
close. However, if the spout 14 should cease to be supported within
the filler pipe 16, there would not be a sufficient reactive force
on the spout 14 to permit the second valve 18 to remain in its open
position.
Since the tubes 37 and 38 with the plugs 39 and 40 constitute only
a small portion of the total cross sectional area of the plunger
29, there is a substantial area through which the liquid can flow.
This is shown in FIG. 7.
When the sealing member 45 is disposed in the position shown in
FIG. 2, it seals an opening 48 in the wall of the spout 14 with
which one end of a vapor recovery tube 49, which is disposed within
the spout 14, communicates. The sealing member 45 seals the opening
48 by engaging the wall of the spout 14 and an inclined outer
surface of a stop 50, which is fixed to the spout 14 in surrounding
relation thereto. The stop 50 limits the movement of the sealing
member 45 by the spring 46 as shown in FIG. 2.
When the sealing member 45 is in the position of FIG. 3 wherein the
spout 14 is disposed within the filler pipe 16 so as to fill the
vehicle tank, the opening 48 communicates with the interior of the
filler pipe 16 to receive the vapors from the tank. Thus, the
vapors flow into the vapor recovery tube 49.
By forming the inner surface of the sealing member 45 with inclined
surfaces, it is not necessary that the spout 14 be centered or
axially aligned in the filler pipe 16 for the sealing member 45 to
seal the filler pipe 16 and the spout 14. Furthermore, the inclined
surface of the stop 50 enables a seal to occur with the sealing
member 45 and properly centers the sealing member 45 on the spout
14 when the spout 14 is withdrawn from the filler pipe 16 to the
extent shown in FIG. 2, for example.
The upper end of the vapor recovery tube 49 is disposed within the
tube 38. The tube 49 is secured to the tube 38 by any suitable
means such as being press fitted in the tube 38, for example.
The spout adapter 27 has a radial passage 51 formed therein and
communicating with the upper end of the vapor recovery tube 49. The
radial passage 51 is connected with an annular chamber 52, which is
formed between the spout adapter 27 and the body 10. Thus, the
vapors may flow from the vapor recovery tube 49 through the radial
passage 51 to the annular chamber 52.
The body 10 has a guard 53 connected thereto by pins 54 and 54a.
One end of a passage 55 in the guard 53 communicates with the
annular chamber 52 to receive the vapors from the tank being filled
while its other end communicates through a lateral passage 56 (see
FIG. 8) with a vertical passage 57 in the guard 53. The vertical
passage 57 may be connected through a hose or other suitable
conduit means to vapor recovery equipment whereby the vapors from
the tank, which is being filled, may be returned to the vapor
recovery equipment in which the vapors may be condensed for further
use.
The annular chamber 52 also communicates through a passage 58 in
the body 10 with a chamber 59, which is formed between diaphragms
60 and 61. The diaphragm 61 is secured to the body 10 by
screws.
A diaphragm 62 is disposed in spaced relation to the diaphragm 60
by a spacer 62a. A cap 62b cooperates with the diaphragm 62 to form
a chamber 63 therebetween.
Because of the spacer 62a, the chamber 63 is separated from the
chamber 59. Furthermore, the exterior side of each of the
diaphragms 60 and 62 is exposed to atmospheric pressure through an
opening 63a in the wall of the spacer 62a. Thus, atmospheric
pressure acts on the exterior side of the diaphragms 60 and 62,
which form walls of the chambers 59 and 63, respectively.
The chamber 63 communicates with a vacuum tube 64, which is
supported within the spout 14, only when there has been relative
movement between the body 10 and the plunger 29 after the spout 14
is fully inserted within the filler pipe 16 as shown in FIG. 3. The
vacuum tube 64 has its lower end communicating with an opening 65
(see FIGS. 2 and 3) in the wall of the spout 14. The upper end of
the vacuum tube 64 is connected to the tube 37 by suitable means
such as being press fitted, for example.
The chamber 63 communicates through a passage 66 in the cap 62b, a
passage 66' in the spacer 62a, and a passage 67 in the body 10 with
an annular chamber 68, which is formed between the body 10 and the
spout adapter 27. The annular chamber 68 communicates with a
radical passage 69 in the spout adapter 27. The inner end of the
radial passage 69 is blocked by the plunger 29 when the nozzle is
in the position of FIGS. 1 and 2.
However, when there is relative movement between the body 10 and
the spout adapter 27, an opening 70 in the wall of the plunger 29
is aligned with the radial passage 69, as shown in FIG. 4, whereby
the chamber 63 communicates with the vacuum tube 64. Accordingly,
the chamber 63 communicates with the vacuum tube 64 only when the
second valve 18 is moved to its open position.
The chamber 63 also communicates through a passage 71 in the cap
62b, a passage 71' in the spacer 62a, and a passage 72 in the body
10 with an annular chamber 73 in the body 10. A seat ring 74 is
supported in the body 10 and closes the annular chamber 73 except
for radial passages 75 in the seat ring 74.
A poppet valve 76 is slidably mounted on the stem 21 and is
continuously urged into engagement with the seat ring 74 by a
spring 77, which surrounds the stem 21 and has its lower end
engaging the retainer 26. Thus, only the pressure of the liquid
flowing from the inlet 11 and past the valve 17 can overcome the
spring 77 and move the poppet valve 76 to an open position.
As the liquid flows between the poppet valve 76 and the seat ring
74, a venturi effect is created in the radial passage 75 in the
seat ring 74. Due to the communication with the chamber 63 and with
the vacuum tube 64 when the opening 70 is aligned with the radial
passage 69, the venturi effect created by the flow of fluid between
the inner surface of the seat ring 74 and the outer surface of the
poppet valve 76 draws air through the vacuum tube 64 to create a
vacuum.
The vacuum in the chamber 63 is controlled by the position of the
poppet valve 76 relative to the seat ring 74. As the flow to the
interior of the body 10 increases due to the first valve 17 being
opened further, the poppet valve 76 is moved further to maintain
the desired vacuum within the chamber 63.
As soon as the opening 65 in the wall of the spout 14 is blocked by
the liquid in the tank reaching a predetermined level, the chamber
63 has its pressure reduced due to the air therein being drawn
therefrom because of the venturi effect in the passage 75 whereby
the diaphragm 62 moves upwardly. Because of a connection between
the diaphragms 60 and 62, the diaphragm 60 moves upwardly with the
diaphragm 62 so that upward movement of the diaphragm 62 results in
the first valve 17 being closed.
The diaphragm 60 has a latch retaining pin 78 secured thereto for
movement therewith and disposed between three balls 79, which are
positioned within passages in a latch plunger 80. When the
retaining pin 78 is in the position shown in FIG. 1, the balls 79
prevent downward movement of the latch plunger 80, which is
slidably mounted within the body 10.
When the retaining pin 78 is moved upwardly due to the reduction of
the pressure within the chamber 63 because the liquid in the tank
reaches the predetermined level, the retaining pin 78 is moved
upwardly therewith. The upward movement of the retaining pin 78
disposes a tapered portion of the retaining pin 78 between the
balls 79 whereby the balls 79 may move inwardly to allow the latch
plunger 80 to be moved downwardly against the force of its spring
81. The correlation between the tapered portion of the pin 78 and
the latch plunger 80 is more specifically shown in U.S. Pat. No.
2,582,195 to Duerr.
The lower end of the latch plunger 80 is pivotally connected to one
end of the lever 22 by a pin 82. Thus, when the latch plunger 80
moves downwardly, the valve stem 21 is moved downwardly because of
the force of the spring 19 whereby the first valve 17 closes.
Accordingly, when the liquid in the tank reaches a predetermined
level that blocks the opening 65, pressure in the chamber 63 is
reduced to move the diaphragms 60 and 62 upwardly whereby the valve
17 moves to its closed position.
The previously mentioned connection between the diaphragm 60 and
the diaphragm 62 includes a vacuum pin 83, which is secured to the
diaphragm 62 by a screw 84. The vacuum pin 83 has an enlarged
flange 85, which is slidably disposed within a hollow upstanding
portion 86 of a pressure plate 87. The pressure plate 87 is secured
to the diaphragm 60 by a screw 88, which also secures the diaphragm
61 and the latch retaining pin 78 to the diaphragm 60.
A spring 89 is disposed within the hollow upstanding portion 86 of
the pressure plate 87 and acts against the lower surface of the
flange 85 of the vacuum pin 83. A retaining ring 90 is supported by
the upstanding portion 86 of the pressure plate 87 and engages the
upper surface of the enlarged flange 85 of the vacuum pin 83 to
limit movement thereof by the spring 89.
Because of the resiliency of the spring 89, any downward movement
of the diaphragm 62 has insignificant effect on moving the
diaphragm 60. However, when the diaphragm 62 moves upwardly, the
upper surface of the flange 85 of the vacuum pin 83 engages the
retaining ring 90 and lifts the diaphragm 60 upwardly with the
diaphragm 62. Thus, the connection between the diaphragms 60 and 62
becomes rigid when the diaphragm 62 moves upwardly but is flexible
when the diaphragm 62 moves downwardly. Thus, only movement of the
diaphragm 62 in its upward direction will cause significant
movement of the latch retaining pin 78.
As previously mentioned, the chamber 59 communicates with the vapor
recovery annular chamber 52. The diaphragm 61, which also is
secured to the retaining pin 78, seals one side of the chamber 59
from the atmosphere while the diaphragm 60 seals the other
side.
Accordingly, as long as the vapor from the tank can escape through
the passage 55, the pressure in the chamber 59 does not exceed a
predetermined pressure, which is sufficiently low so that the tank
being filled will not rupture. However, if vapor could not escape
through the passage 55 such as when the passage 55 might be
blocked, for example, then the vapor pressure within the tank could
rapidly increase to a pressure that could cause rupture of the
tank. Accordingly, when the vapor pressure in the tank exceeds the
predetermined value, the chamber 59 causes upward movement of the
diaphragm 60.
Because of the flexible connection between the diaphragms 60 and
62, the diaphragm 60 can move upwardly irrespective of the position
of the diaphragm 62. Since the chamber 63 also is subject to the
vapor pressure from the tank, the increased pressure in the tank
moves the diaphragm 62 downwardly. However, because of the flexible
connection between the diaphragms 60 and 62, the vapor pressure in
the chamber 63 has insignificant effect on the movement of the
diaphragm 60 in an upward direction. Without the flexible
connection, the latch retaining pin 78 could not be moved upwardly
because the upward movement of the diaphragm 60 would be opposed by
the downward movement of the diaphragm 62 due to the same vapor
pressure.
Accordingly, when the vapor pressure in the tank exceeds the
predetermined value, the upward movement of the diaphragm 60 moves
the first valve 17 to its closed position. This movement is in the
same manner as described when the liquid in the tank reaches the
predetermined level except that the movement of the diaphragm 60 is
due to the increased vapor pressure in the chamber 59 and not due
to a decreased pressure in the chamber 63 causing the diaphragm 62
to move upwardly. However, the description of the manner in which
the diaphragm 60 causes the first valve 17 to be moved to its
closed position is the same as described for when the liquid in the
tank reaches the predetermined level.
The vapor pressure at which the diaphragm 60 is moved upwardly is
determined by the diameter of a flange 91 on the lower end of the
pressure plate 87. The flange 91 bears against the upper surface of
the diaphragm 60. If the diameter of the pressure plate flange 91
is increased, the diaphragm 60 moves upwardly in response to a
lower pressure. If the diameter of the pressure plate flange 91 is
reduced, a larger vapor pressure is required before the diaphragm
60 moves upwardly to stop flow to the tank.
An increase in the diameter of the pressure plate flange 91 causes
an increased effective area, which is the area effective in moving
the center of the diaphragm 60 in response to the vapor pressure.
Since the force required to move the latch retaining pin 78, which
is connected to the center of the diaphragm 60, the necessary
distance to release the balls 79 is constant and is equal to the
product of the pressure differential across the diaphragm 60 and
the effective area, an increase in the effective area reduces the
pressure differential required to move the diaphragm 60 upwardly to
release the balls 79. Since the ambient pressure on the upper side
of the diaphragm 60 is constant, the decrease in required pressure
differential results in a reduction in the vapor pressure necessary
on the lower side of the diaphragm 60 to move the diaphragm 60
upwardly. If the diameter of the pressure plate flange 91 is
reduced so that the effective area is decreased, then the vapor
pressure must be increased to obtain the constant force.
Considering the operation of the present invention, the spout 14 is
inserted within the opening 15 in the filler pipe 16 until the
spring 46 is compressed to the position shown in FIG. 3. At this
time, further movement of the spout 14 into the tank is prevented.
Thus, additional force on the nozzle body 10 moves the body 10
relative to the plunger 29 so that the end of the spout adapter 27
ceases to contact the disc 43 of the second valve 18. As a result,
the second valve 18 no longer blocks flow from the interior of the
body 10 to the spout 14 as shown in FIG. 6.
To have flow through the spout 14 to the tank, it also is necessary
for the lever 22 to be actuated. This results in the first valve 17
being moved to an open position to allow liquid flow from the inlet
11 to the interior of the body 10.
Flow will continue until the handle 22 is released by the user if
the tank does not become filled prior thereto or the pressure in
the tank does not exceed the predetermined value. If the lever 22
is retained in a position to hold the first valve 17 open until the
tank is filled, then the first valve 17 will be moved automatically
to its closed position due to the diaphragm 60 moving upwardly
because of the blocking of the opening 65. Likewise, if the vapor
should be unable to escape through the passage 55, this will cause
automatic closing of the first valve 17 irrespective of the level
of the liquid in the tank.
If the user should cease to exert a sufficient force on the nozzle
body 10 at any time, there will be relative movement between the
plunger 29 and the body 10 to move the second valve 18 to its
closed position. Thus, any release of the pressure on the nozzle
body 10 tending to cause the spout 14 to not be retained in the
filler pipe 16 and for the sealing member 45 to no longer seal the
tank 16 automatically stops flow from the interior of the body 10
to the spout 14. When the second valve 18 closes, the chamber 63 no
longer communicates with the vacuum tube 64 because of the position
of the radial passage 70 in the plunger 29.
The passage 71' has a check valve 93 mounted therein. The check
valve 93 prevents the build-up of pressure in the chamber 63 from
the liquid flowing into the interior of the body 10 when the first
valve 17 is opened while the second valve 18 is closed.
As shown in FIG. 9, the check valve 93 includes a ball 94 supported
within a body 95, which is mounted in an enlarged portion of the
passages 71'. When the valves 17 and 18 are both open, the ball 94
is in the position shown in FIG. 9 whereby air can flow through
openings 96 in the body 95 from the passage 71 to the passage
71'.
However, if the second valve 18 is closed while the first valve 17
is open, the pressure from the passage 72 moves the ball 94 to the
phantom line position of FIG. 9 where the ball 94 bears against an
O-ring 97, thereby preventing rupture of diaphragm 62. The O-ring
97 is retained between the upper end of the body 95 and a washer
98.
While the vapor recovery arrangement of the present invention and
the automatic cut off the liquid flow to the tank when the vapor
pressure exceeds a predetermined value have been shown and
described as used in a nozzle in which there is a separate valve
that is only opened when a predetermined force has been exerted on
the nozzle body, the separate valve is the invention of Robert L.
Murrany and is described in the copending patent application of
Robert L. Murray for "Shut-Off Valve For Liquid Dispensing Nozzle,"
Ser. No. 68,153, filed Aug. 31, 1970, and assigned to the same
assignee as the assignee of the present application. Therefore, it
should be understood that the valve 18 is not a requisite for the
vapor recovery system of the present invention.
One suitable example of another arrangement for use with the vapor
recovery system of the present invention to automatically cut off
the flow of the liquid to the tank when the vapor pressure exceeds
a predetermined value is the configuration shown in FIG. 10. As
shown in FIG. 10, the spout 100 is fixed in one end of a spout
adapter 101, which is secured to the body 10 by a screw 102.
The spout adapter 101 has a pair of tubes 103 and 104, which are
formed integral therewith and have substantially the same
configuration as the tubes 37 and 38 in the plunger 29 (see FIG.
7). A plug 105 closes one end of the tube 103 and is secured
thereto by any suitable means such as being press fitted, for
example. One end of the tube 104 is closed by a plug 106, which is
secured thereto by any suitable means such as a press fit, for
example.
The tube 103 has one end communicating with the vacuum tube 64,
which is disposed within the spout 100 in the same manner as it is
disposed within the spout 14, and its other end connected through a
radial passage 107 in the spout adapter 101 with an annular chamber
108, which is formed between the body 10 and the spout adapter 101.
The annular chamber 108 communicates with the chamber 63, FIG. 1,
in the same manner as does the annular chamber 68.
In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the chamber 63, FIG. 1, always
communicates with the atmosphere through the vacuum tube 64.
Therefore, it is not necessary to use the check valve 93 in this
embodiment.
The tube 104 communicates at one end with the vapor recovery tube
49, which is disposed within the spout 100 in the same manner as
the vapor recovery tube 49 is disposed within the spout 14. The
other end of the tube 104 communicates through a radial passage 109
in the spout adapter 101 with an annular chamber 110, which is
formed between the spout adapter 101 and the body 10. Thus, the
vapors may flow from the vapor recovery tube 49 through the radial
passage 109 to the annular chamber 110.
The annular chamber 110 communicates with the passage 55 in the
guard 53 to allow the vapors to be returned to the vapor recovery
system in the same manner as described with respect to FIG. 1. The
annular chamber 110 also communicates through the passage 58 with
the chamber 59 to produce movement of the diaphragm 60 in an upward
direction if the vapor pressure in the tank exceeds the
predetermined value due to inability of the vapors to escape
through the passage 55.
The spout 100 has a collar 111 fixed thereto and serving as a stop
for the sealing member 45. The collar 111 also functions to hold
the spout 100 within the filler pipe 16 of the tank. This enables
the service station attendant to leave the nozzle and perform other
duties.
The operation of the embodiment of FIG. 10 is similar to that of
FIG. 1. To begin flow, it is only necessary for the attendant to
insert the spout 100 within the filler pipe 16 and to actuate the
lever or handle 22 to open the valve 17. This enables flow to the
tank to begin immediately.
The sealing member 45 seals against the tank. Thus, as long as the
vapors are able to escape through the passage 55, there is no
stopping of flow to the tank unless the liquid in the tank reaches
the level at which the liquid blocks the opening 65. When this
occurs, the diaphragm 62, FIG. 1, moves upwardly and causes the
diaphragm 60 to move upwardly therewith through the connection
therebetween whereby the valve 17 is closed. If the vapor pressure
in the tank should exceed the predetermined value due to blockage
of the passage 55, for example, then the diaphragm 60 moves
upwardly to again close the valve 17.
Referring to FIG. 11, the spout 100 is shown disposed within the
filler pipe 16 of the tank and not coaxially aligned therewith.
Notwithstanding this, the sealing member 45 still seals against the
tank because of the configuration of the sealing member 45.
The sealing member 45 is formed with a substantially cylindrical
shaped lower portion 113 having an upstanding portion 114 and a
back-up plate 45a to lend support to the member 45 and its
configuration, inner surface 115 of the upper end of the upstanding
portion 114 always contacts the outer surface of the spout 100
irrespective of the position of the axis of the spout 100 with
respect to the center of the opening in the filler pipe 16. Thus,
as shown in FIG. 11, a continuous seal is provided by the upper
portion 114 of the sealing member 45 with the spout 100 even though
the spout 100 is disposed at an angle to the filler pipe 16.
Furthermore, the maximum diameter of the passage in the lower
surface of the portion 113 of the sealing member 45 is smaller than
the diameter of the opening in the filler pipe 16. This plus the
fact that the bottom surface of the lower portion 113 of the
sealing member 45 engages the adjacent surface of the filler pipe
16 due to the force of the spring 46 insures that the tank is
sealed even though the spout 100 is not axially aligned with filler
pipe 16.
Thus, the configuration of the sealing member 45 insures that the
tank is sealed by the sealing member 45 even though the spout 100
is not axially aligned with the filler pipe 16. This arrangement
allows the sealing member 45 to be mounted on the spout 100 so that
it can both slide relative thereto and have relative angular
movement with respect to the axis of the spout 100.
While the present invention has been shown and described as being
used to fill a tank with gasoline, it should be understood that the
diaphragm control means of the present invention may be readily
employed in any environment in which two different conditions are
to be employed to stop flow of liquid to a space by moving an
actuating member.
An advantage of this invention is that it prevents the escape into
the atmosphere of vapor from a liquid being supplied to a tank.
Another advantage of this invention is that the vapor pressure in
the tank which is being filled cannot exceed a predetermined value
without automatically stopping flow of the liquid.
For purposes of exemplification, particular embodiments of the
invention have been shown and described according to the best
present understanding thereof. However, it will be apparent that
changes and modifications in the arrangement and construction of
the parts thereof may be resorted to without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *