U.S. patent number 3,816,945 [Application Number 05/396,019] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-18 for swivel cleat shoe.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Wolverine World Wide, Inc.. Invention is credited to Robert B. Egtvedt.
United States Patent |
3,816,945 |
Egtvedt |
June 18, 1974 |
SWIVEL CLEAT SHOE
Abstract
An athletic shoe includes a support plate molded into the ball
of the sole and having a pivot bearing swaged thereto and extending
downwardly and outwardly from the sole. A swivel cleat plate is
rotatably coupled to the bearing and includes a plurality of
cleats. A snap-in cap fits within a central opening of the bearing
to enclose the swivel structure for protection against dirt while
permitting access for maintenance or replacement of the cleat
plate. The swivel cleat plate facilitates sharp turning by the
user. The shoe includes an enlarged heel cleat having tapered side
walls to permit the shoe to slip, preventing injury from side
impact from one direction, but to dig into the ground to facilitate
turns in the opposite direction.
Inventors: |
Egtvedt; Robert B. (Comstock
Park, MI) |
Assignee: |
Wolverine World Wide, Inc.
(Rockford, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23565504 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/396,019 |
Filed: |
September 10, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/114; 36/32R;
36/134 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B
3/0042 (20130101); A43C 15/161 (20130101); A43B
5/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A43B
5/00 (20060101); A43b 013/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;36/2.5R,2.5AE,59R,2.5A,32R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawson; Patrick D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Price, Heneveld, Huizenga &
Cooper
Claims
The embodiments of the present invention in which an exclusive
property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. An athletic shoe comprises:
a shoe upper;
a molded polymeric shoe sole coupled to said upper and including
integrally molded therein a support plate with a pivot bearing
extending downwardly and outwardly from an opening in the ball of
said sole, said bearing comprising a cylindrical member including a
substantially horizontal annular bearing surface and means spaced
from said surface for receiving a retainer member;
a swivel plate including spike receiving means and further
including an aperture shaped to permit said plate to extend over
said downwardly extending bearing with said plate substantially
flush with the bottom of said sole; and
a retainer member adapted to fit in said receiving means for
securing said swivel plate to said bearing and permit rotation of
said swivel plate.
2. The shoe as defined in claim 1 and further including cap means
adapted to be attached to a lower end of said bearing and seal said
bearing and swivel plate from entry of foreign material.
3. The shoe as defined in claim 1 wherein said support plate
includes a central aperture and said bearing includes a flange at
an upper end thereof and a shoulder spaced therefrom which is
deformed to secure said bearing to said support plate with the edge
of said central aperture of said support plate compressibly held
between the lower surface of said flange and the deformed shoulder
of said bearing.
4. The shoe as defined in claim 3 wherein said support plate
comprises a relatively thin flexible material.
5. The shoe as defined in claim 4 wherein said support plate is
elliptical and includes a plurality of alternately spaced apertures
and notches around the periphery.
6. The shoe as defined in claim 5 wherein said bearing flange and
said plate are canted at an angle of from 3.degree.-7.degree. to
conform to the curvature of said sole.
7. The shoe as defined in claim 1 wherein said swivel plate
includes a plurality of alternately raised and lowered lands spaced
around the edge of said aperture to define upper bearing surfaces
engaging said bearing surface of said bearing, and lower bearing
surfaces engaging said retaining means.
8. The shoe as defined in claim 7 wherein said swivel plate
includes a curved upper and outer edge to conform to said opening
in said ball of said sole.
9. The shoe as defined in claim 8 wherein said spike receiving
means comprises a plurality of spaced threaded members coupled to
said swivel plate.
10. The shoe as defined in claim 2 wherein said bearing includes a
central aperture formed therethrough including an annular internal
shoulder spaced from a lower end thereof and wherein said cap means
includes a peripheral upward and outward lip engaging said internal
shoulder to secure said cap to said bearing.
11. The shoe as defined in claim 10 wherein said cap includes a
second peripheral lip shaped to encompass and grip the lower
peripheral edge of said bearing.
12. For use in a swivel cleat type athletic shoe, an improved
support member to be integrally molded in the ball of the shoe sole
for supporting a swivel bearing and swivel plate, said support
member comprising a relatively thin elliptical member including a
central opening for receiving a pivot bearing, said elliptical
member configurated to conform to the curvature of the shoe
sole.
13. The support member as defined in claim 12 and further including
a plurality of spaced notches extending inwardly from the periphery
of said member.
14. The support member as defined in claim 13 and further including
a plurality of apertures spaced inwardly from the periphery of said
member and positioned between said notches.
15. For use in a swivel cleat athletic shoe, an improved support
plate and bearing assembly for integral molding into the ball of
the shoe sole, said assembly comprising:
a relatively thin plate including a central opening; and
a pivot bearing comprising a cylindrical member having an outwardly
extending flange at one end and a shoulder spaced therefrom, said
bearing fitted within said central opening of said plate with said
flange engaging one side of said plate and said shoulder deformed
to compressibly engage said plate at the opposite side thereof,
said bearing further including a downwardly depending shank
including a step cut forming a substantially horizontal annular
bearing surface, said bearing further including means spaced from
said bearing surface and remote from said flange for receiving
retaining means for retaining a pivot plate to said bearing.
16. An athletic shoe comprising:
a shoe upper and sole, said sole including integrally molded
therein a support plate with a downwardly depending cylindrical
bearing member including an annular shoulder extending outwardly
therefrom defining a bearing surface and means for holding retainer
means, said holding means spaced from said bearing surface; and
a swivel plate including a central aperture including a
configurated edge defining upper and lower bearing surfaces, said
aperture having a diameter permitting said plate to be rotatably
fitted on said downwardly depending bearing member with said upper
bearing surfaces in contact with said bearing surface of said
bearing and said lower bearing surfaces in contact with the
retainer means in said holding means.
17. A molded polymeric athletic swivel shoe sole including an
embedded thin flexible support plate having an exposed swivel
bearing mounted thereto, and a swivel plate rotatably mounted to
said swivel bearing and adapted to retain pikes.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an athletic shoe having an
improved swivel cleat plate mounted to the ball of the shoe.
Recently, efforts have been made to develop athletic shoes, such as
football shoes, having a plate rotatably mounted to the ball of the
shoe and including cleats. With ordinary shoes, it is necessary to
twist the cleats within the turf as the user turns. The rotatable
cleats facilitate cutting or turning by the wearer during an
athletic contest since the shoe can pivot with the cleats being
firmly entrenched in the turf.
Several pivot cleat designs have been tried and are represented by
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,354,561 issued Nov. 28, 1967 to B. Cameron;
3,680,231 issued Aug. 1, 1972 to J. Dymond and 3,707,047 issued
Dec. 26, 1972 to Z. Nedwick. Although such efforts have been made
to provide an athletic shoe with a pivot plate pivotally secured to
a support plate molded within the sole of the shoe, shoe structures
heretofore have resulted in extremely complex mechanism which is
both costly and subject to failure and which, due to its bulk and
rigidity, severely limits the flexibility of the shoe sole.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, however, overcomes the deficiencies of the
existing pivot shoe structure by providing a very thin support
plate integrally molded in the sole of an athletic shoe and having
secured thereto a pivot bearing to which a cleat plate is
detachably mounted. A protective removable cover cap lockably
engages the pivot bearing to seal the structure. The pivot shoe
resulting provides an extremely high strength, yet flexible pivot
mechanism which resists clogging due to entry of dirt or the like
and which has a high degree of wearability, yet requires only a
very few parts to manufacture. Thus, the pivot assembly of the
present invention provides an improved mechanism at a reduced
cost.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
pivot assembly for an athletic shoe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a relatively
thin flexible support plate for a pivot assembly which is
integrally molded in the sole of a shoe.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a
unique pivot bearing communication between a support plate and
pivot plate.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a pivot
assembly which is sealed and easily disassembled for maintenance or
repair.
These and other objects of the present invention will become
apparent upon reading the following description thereof together
with the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a left side elevational view of a football shoe for the
right foot and which embodies the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary right end elevational view of the heel
cleat for the shoe shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, exploded view of the pivot assembly mounted
to the ball of the shoe shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of the support plate shown in FIG.
4;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the support plate shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view of the cleat plate shown in FIG.
4;
FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the cleat plate shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a bottom plan view of the protective cap shown in FIG.
4;
FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the protective cap shown in FIG.
9;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged assembly view in cross section of one-half
of the pivot assembly as mounted in the sole of the shoe; and
FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary view partially in cross section
of the mold employed for mounting the support plate and bearing to
a shoe sole.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown a football shoe 10
for the right foot and including a shoe upper 12 integrally molded
to the sole and heel 14 which includes a heel cleat 16 integrally
molded to the heel area of the shoe. Cleat 16 includes a pair of
tapered side walls 17 and 18 as best seen in FIG. 3. This heel
cleat design provides traction to the user of the shoe in the heel
area when the foot is moving toward the outside and allows slippage
of the heel when the shoe is forced in an inward direction as can
occur when the user is tackled, blocked or the like. Thus, the
cleat 16 provides the desired traction for normal use and provides
slippage to prevent injury from side impacts.
The shoe 10 further includes a toe cleat 19 and a pivot cleat
assembly 20 which include a plurality of spikes 21 mounted on a
rotating cleat plate 50 rotatably mounted to the ball of the shoe
as illustrated by arrow A in FIG. 2. The construction of the pivot
assembly 20 is now described in detail with reference to FIGS.
4-12.
Pivot assembly 20 comprises a support plate 22 molded in the shoe
sole and to which there is fixedly mounted a pivot bearing 30
rotatably receiving the pivotable cleat plate 50 retained in
position by a snap ring 70 with the entire assembly being covered
by a snap locking cap 80. The support plate 22 comprises, as best
seen in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 11, a generally elliptical plate of
relatively thin (0.015 inch) flexible yet strong material such as
stainless steel. Extending around the periphery 24 of the plate is
a plurality of alternately spaced notches 25 and apertures 26.
Notches 25 open to the periphery of the plate while the apertures
are spaced somewhat inwardly on the lands between the notches.
Plate 22 includes a central opening for receiving therein the pivot
bearing 30. Bearing 30 comprises, as best seen in FIGS. 5, 6 and
11, a generally cylindrical member comprising an aluminum collar.
The bearing includes an outwardly extending upper flange 31 at one
end which extends over the upper surface 27 of plate 22 and around
the central opening as seen in FIGS. 4, 6 and 11. Depending
downwardly from the flange 31 is a cylindrical portion 32 serving
as a spacer between the support plate 22 and the swivel plate 50.
As best seen in FIGS. 5 and 11, a substantially horizontal and flat
annular bearing surface 33 is defined by the inwardly stepped
bearing which further extends downwardly forming a shank portion 34
which fits through a central aperture 56 of the cleat plate 50. An
annular groove 37 is formed around the lower portion of shank 34
for receiving a retaining member such as the snap clip 70 as
described below.
The pivot bearing includes a central opening 36 extending
therethrough and including an annular shoulder 38 extending around
the inner periphery of the bearing spaced slightly upwardly from
the bottom end 39 as best seen in FIG. 11. It is noted here that
only one-half of the pivot assembly is shown in FIG. 11, it being
understood that the assembly is symmetrical about the vertical axis
B.
The pivot bearing 30 is mounted to the central opening of the
support plate by means of swaging or otherwise deformably
deflecting a shoulder portion 35 of the bearing over the edge of
the central opening in support plate 22. This compressibly holds
that portion of the support plate between the upper flange 31 and
the lip 35 formed by the swaging step as best seen in FIG. 11. It
is noted here that the flange 31 of the pivot bearing 30 is canted
at an angle .alpha. measured between undersurface 31' of the flange
and the horizontal line shown in FIG. 11. Angle .alpha. is
approximately 5.degree. which may be varied over a range of
approximately 3.degree.-7.degree.. Plate 22, which is formed by
stamping sheet material, is likewise configurated to conform to the
generally curved shoe sole by canting the plate at the same angle
during the stamping thereof. Such construction further permits an
increased amount of shoe sole material below the plate during
molding of the support plate in the shoe as shown in FIG. 12.
Referring to FIG. 12, there is shown a portion of the mold insert
90 which is fitted within the conventional shoe sole mold to
provide a curved recess 92 formed in the sole for subsequently
receiving the swivel plate 50 as shown in FIG. 11. Only one half of
the mold and sole is shown, it being understood that it is
symmetrical about axis C in FIG. 12. The mold insert 90 includes a
supplemental insert 92 having an upwardly extending tip 94 which
engages the side wall of the intermediate section 32 of the pivot
bearing 30 thereby preventing the polymeric shoe sole material,
such as polyvinyl chloride, neoprene or the like, from flowing onto
the bearing surface 33 of the pivot bearing during the molding of
the plate 22 and bearing 30 into the sole.
Inserts 90 and 93 are positioned relative to the conventional sole
mold to assure that the support plate 22 will be aligned with its
major axis, indicated by arrow D in FIG. 5, extending
longitudinally along the length of the shoe sole when the sole is
injected molded therearound. A circular disc 97 of filler material
is positioned over the central opening 36 of the pivot bearing
during the molding step to prevent the polymeric material from
entering the central opening 36 of the pivot bearing. The filler
material is a compressible material which additionally serves the
purpose of providing a cushioning pad between the upper surface of
the pivot bearing and the innersole which is later positioned in
the bottom of the shoe.
Once molded in position, the relatively thin yet strong plate 23
provides an extremely secure anchor for the pivot bearing 30 and
yet is sufficiently thin to provide flexibility of the shoe sole
during use and does not interfere with the flexing action of the
shoe sole in use. The alternate apertures and notches spaced around
the periphery of the spider-like plate 22 will be surrounded by the
polymeric sole material to provide maximum anchoring of the plate
and pivot bearing therein to the shoe sole. Once the plate has been
molded into the sole, the downwardly depending shank 34 of bearing
30 is open and accessible for mounting the swivel plate
thereto.
The swivel plate 50, shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and in cross section in
FIG. 11, comprises a substantially circular member stamped from
steel then cadmium plated. Plate 50 includes a downwardly
projecting peripheral flange 52 having a curvature conforming to
the curved edge 92 of the shoe sole surrounding the pivot bearing.
Plate 50 further includes a central aperture 56 having a plurality
of alternately spaced raised and lowered lands 54 and 55,
respectively, with the upper surface of raised areas 54 forming the
bearing surface which abuts against bearing surface 33 of the pivot
bearing. These bearing surfaces are indicated as the shaded areas
in the top plan view of the plate (FIG. 8).
Plate 50 includes a plurality of apertures spaced around the
periphery, each including a threaded nut 57 suitably fitted therein
as by swaging, welding or other conventional process and which are
adapted to receive the threaded screw 21' extending from each spike
21 as seen in FIG. 11.
The lower surface of lands 55, as seen in FIG. 11, defines the
bearing surface on the opposite side of the plate and engages the
locking snap ring 70 such that plate 50 is rotatably mounted to the
pivot bearing between the bearing surface 33 of the pivot bearing
and the snap ring 70 mounted in the annular recess 37 of the
bearing.
It has been found that with the pivot bearing manufactured of
aluminum and the pivoting cleat plate of cadmium plated steel,
excellent rotational motion therebetween can be achieved with the
vertical dimensions between the outer surfaces of members 54 and 55
being approximately 0.090 inches and the clearance between bearing
surface 33 and the snap ring 70 being approximately 0.001-0.003
greater that this dimension.
As best seen in FIG. 11, in order to provide a flat bottom surface
of the shoe, molded to plate 50 is a polymeric material 59
substantially identical to the shoe sole material and which covers
the lip 51 of plate 50 to prevent the exposure of any metallic
surfaces thereof. Material 59 is molded to define a central
aperture 60 somewhat larger in diameter than aperture 56 in the
plate permitting access to the pivot bearing such that the snap
ring can be easily installed or removed. To assemble the shoe,
which includes the support plate molded in the sole, it is
necessary only to position the pivotable cleat plate over the
downwardly depending end 34 of the pivot bearing and snap the ring
70 into the annular notch 37 of the pivot bearing. Cap 80 is then
snapped into position substantially filling the central aperture 60
formed in the polymeric material 59 covering the bottom surface of
cleat plate 50.
Cap 80 includes a substantially flat bottom surface 82, as seen in
FIGS. 9 and 11, with an upwardly sloped peripheral flange 83
extending therearound. Flange 83 defines a protective inner lip 84
(FIG. 11) of the cap which further includes an upward cylindrical
extension 86 having an outwardly projecting lip 87 (FIGS. 10 and
11). When the cap is installed as seen in FIG. 11, lip 87 engages
the internal shoulder 38 of the pivot bearing and lip 84 fits over
the outer periphery of the end 39 of the pivot bearing providing a
tight fitting sealed interconnection between the cap and the pivot
bearing.
Flange 83 of the cap extends sufficiently outwardly to
substantially seal the pivot bearing and cleat plate from dirt and
debris. If, however, foreign material should become lodged under
cap 80, it can be removed by prying lip 83 away from the end of the
bearing and pushing radially inwardly on lip 87 to release the
locking cap for removal. After repairs or maintenance, the cap can
be easily replaced by again snapping it into a locked position over
the end of bearing 30. Since the clearance between the outer
diameter of the downwardly depending shank 34 of the pivot bearing
and the inner diameter of aperture 56 in the cleat plate is
sufficient only to permit ease of rotation therebetween, foreign
material such as dirt, grass or the like normally cannot become
lodged between the cleat plate and the pivot bearing.
It is seen, therefore, that the structure of the present invention
provides a tremendously improved athletic shoe with a pivoting
cleat assembly which is of relatively simple construction employing
very few parts and providing excellent strength, durability and
wear characteristics.
Although the preferred embodiment is illustrated as being a
football shoe, it is to be understood that the cleat plate can
accommodate any desired number of other types of cleats such as
golf spikes, baseball spikes or the like. Thus, the cleat plate has
universal application for many types of athletic shoes. It is to be
understood also that the heel cleat 16 may be modified and need not
take the form shown in the figures. Other materials may be
substituted for those described in the preferred embodiment for
manufacturing the various parts of the pivot assembly. These and
other modifications to the present invention, however, will fall
within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the
appended claims.
* * * * *