U.S. patent number 3,765,122 [Application Number 05/085,100] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-16 for flying toy.
Invention is credited to Roy English.
United States Patent |
3,765,122 |
English |
October 16, 1973 |
FLYING TOY
Abstract
A flying toy has an annular skirt section and a ring section
whose outer edge is coupled to the skirt section and whose inner
edge defines a circular central opening. An inner segment of the
ring constitutes a circular shaped deflector surface inclined
downwardly and inwardly towards the central opening. While the toy
travels with a spinning motion through the air a stream of air
slips over the toy's leading edge and is guided downwardly by the
deflector surface into the central opening and thereafter is
directed rearwardly beneath the toy's trailing edge for cushioning
or supporting the trailing edge.
Inventors: |
English; Roy (Portland,
OR) |
Family
ID: |
22189463 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/085,100 |
Filed: |
October 29, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
446/48; 273/126R;
473/589 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
33/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
33/00 (20060101); A63H 33/18 (20060101); A63h
027/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/74D
;273/126R,16B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,678 |
|
Feb 1888 |
|
GB |
|
181,801 |
|
Sep 1954 |
|
OE |
|
Primary Examiner: Michell; Robert W.
Assistant Examiner: Heinz; A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An annular flying toy having an inner perimeter defining a
central circular opening, an outer perimeter, a substantially
constant toy width defined by the radial distance between the inner
perimeter and outer perimeter and, an imaginary planar frame of
reference passing through and substantially parallel to the toy,
the toy comprising:
a. an annular skirt constituting the toy outer perimeter, the skirt
having a lower edge passing through said planar frame of reference
and an upper edge located above said planar frame of reference;
b. a ring aligned concentrically with the annular skirt and having
an inner edge that constitutes the toy inner perimeter and an outer
edge that merges with the annular skirt upper edge at an annular
ridge above said planar frame of reference said annular ridge being
the highest portion of the toy above said reference plane and
located nearer to the toy outer perimeter than to the toy inner
perimeter; and,
c. a deflector surface formed by a portion of the ring, the
deflector surface being inclined downwardly from said annular ridge
and inwardly towards the central circular opening of the toy and
said planar frame of reference,
wherein when the toy is caused to spin about its axis and travel
through the air, an air stream flowing over the toy's leading edge
will be deflected by the deflector surface downwardly into the
central circular opening and thereafter directed beneath the toy's
trailing edge to assist in supporting the trailing edge in
flight.
2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein;
the ring and skirt are integrally formed with a series of radially
extending strengthening ribs and at least one circular
strengthening rib so that the ring thickness can be made relatively
thin and the object therefore made relatively lightweight.
3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein;
the skirt is substantially vertically oriented;
the ring is integrally formed with a horizontal planar section
between the deflector surface and the skirt; and
the central opening is circular.
4. An annular flying toy having an inner perimeter defining a
central circular opening, an outer perimeter, a substantially
constant toy width defined by the radial distance between the inner
perimeter and outer perimeter, and, an imaginary planar frame of
reference passing through and substantially parrallel to the toy,
the toy comprising:
a. an annular skirt constituting the toy outer perimeter, the skirt
having a lower edge passing through said planar frame of reference
and an upper edge located above said planar frame of reference;
b. a ring aligned concentrically with the annular skirt and having
an inner edge that constitutes the toy inner perimeter and an outer
edge that merges with the annular skirt upper edge at an annular
ridge above said planar frame of reference, said annular ridge
being the highest portion of the toy above said reference plane and
located nearer to the toy outer perimeter than to the toy inner
perimeter; and,
c. a deflector surface formed by a portion of the ring, the
deflector surface being inclined downwardly from said annular ridge
and inwardly towards the central circular opening of the toy and
said planar frame of reference;
d. wherein the width of the toy is not greater than one-half the
radius of the toy, and, the ratio of the toy width to the toy
height at the annular ridge is within the range of from 1: 1/16 to
1: 1/2,
wherein, when the toy is caused to spin about its axis and travel
through the air, an air stream flowing over the toy's leading edge
will be deflected by the deflector surface downwardly into the
central circular opening and thereafter directed beneath the toy's
trailing edge to assist in supporting the trailing edge in
flight.
5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein:
the skirt is substantially vertically oriented;
the ring is integrally formed with a horizontal planar section
between the deflector surface and skirt; and,
the central opening is circular.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A sport or game that has become increasingly popular with people of
all ages involves the tossing and catching of flying toys which
travel through the air with a spinning motion. A number of these
flying toys characterized generally by disc configurations are
disclosed in: U.S. Pat. No. 3,359,678 to Headrick; No. 3,220,142 to
Butterfield; and, 2,659,178 to Van Hartesveldt.
Many novices and people with minimal manual dexterity are
confronted with difficulties in actually tossing these toys and
require much practice before they can enjoy the sport.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly stated this invention comprehends a relatively lightweight,
inexpensive, amusing toy structured for spinning about its axis
while traveling through the air.
The flying toy includes an annular skirt having a free lower edge
and an upper edge. A ring has an outer portion coupled to the
annular skirt upper edge and an inner portion that defines a
central opening of circular shape. The ring is integrally formed
with a circular shaped deflector surface that is inclined
downwardly and inwardly towards the central opening. When the toy
is tossed by a person and caused to spin about its axis while
traveling through the air, an air stream flowing over the toy's
leading edge will be guided by the deflector surface downwardly
into the central opening and thereafter directed beneath the toy's
trailing edge to support the trailing edge in flight.
Preferably the underside of the ring and the skirt are integrally
formed with a series of radially extending strengthening ribs and
at least one circular strengthening rib so that the ring thickness
can be made relatively thin and the toy is therefore made
relatively lightweight. For ideal flight performance the ratio of
the overall toy width to overall toy height is within the range of
from 1: 1/16 to 1: 1/2. In addition the width of the ring is not
greater than one half the overall radius of the toy.
Various cross sectional shapes of the flying toy made be employed
so long as a segment of the ring constitutes a circular shaped
deflector that is sloped downwardly and inwardly towards the
central opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The numerous benefits and unique aspects of the present invention
will be fully understood when the following detailed description is
studied in conjunction with the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a flying toy constructed in
accordance with this invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the flying toy showing circular and
radially aligned strengthening ribs;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1,
showing how an intermediate portion of the toy slopes downwardly
and inwardly towards the central opening of the toy;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the toy spinning in flight,
illustrating how streams of air travel over the leading edge and
are deflected into the central opening and beneath the toy trailing
edge for supporting purposes;
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a second embodiment of the
flying toy;
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a second embodiment of the
flying toy;
FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the
flying toy;
FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the
flying toy; and
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the range of possible
width-to-height relationships for determining the dimensions of the
flying toy.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIG. 1, a flying toy 10 is shown being grasped by
a person's hand prior to the time when the person would snap his
wrist and release the toy with a spinning motion to follow a
predetermined trajectory through the air. The toy 10 has an annular
skirt 11 with a free bottom edge 12 and a top edge 13. A ring 14
has an inner edge 15 associated with an inner wall portion 16 that
defines a central circular opening 17. Ring 14 has an outer edge 18
joined to and integrally formed with annular skirt top edge 13. An
outer ring portion 19 of planar orientation terminates inwardly to
form a circular peak or ridge 20. Between ridge 20 and wall portion
16 the ring 14 is configured to form a circular shaped deflector
surface 21 that slopes downwardly and inwardly towards central
opening 17.
A person may conveniently and securely grasp toy 10 with his hand
22 by looping his thumb over the ring 14 so it contacts one or more
fingers lying beneath ring 14. An incidental benefit provided by
central opening 17 is to facilitate not only throwing the toy and
setting it in motion but also catching the toy.
Referring now to FIG. 2, a plurality of radial extending
strengthening ribs 23 and at least one circular strengthening rib
24 which intersects the ribs 23 are integrally formed on the
undersurface 25 of toy 10 that is preferably fabricating from
plastic material. Relative lightweightness of the toy 10 is
accomplished by eliminating material from the center to form
central opening 17 and further lightweightness is contributed by
incorporating the network of strengthening ribs 23 and 24 which
allow the general thickness of the toy 10 to be of a much thinner
gage than would otherwise be possible.
FIG. 3 demonstrates that for this particular embodiment of the
invention the outer ring portion 19 is flat and horizontal and the
circular shaped deflector surface 21 is also flat in cross section.
The maximum height differential or drop between the highest peak or
ridge 20 and the innermost and lowermost edge of the ring is
represented by letter h.
FIG. 4 shows toy 10 in flight traveling in direction D and rotating
in direction R. While toy 10 is in flight streams of air
represented by streams A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 that together
actually constitute a sheet of air; (1) flow over leading edge 26,
(2) become guided by circular shape deflector surface 21 into the
central opening, and, (3) then travel rearwardly to eventually
serve as an air cushion to support trailing edge 27. If the surface
21 of ring 14 was merely flat and coplanar with portion 19 then the
vast majority of the mass of air of the air sheet would slip over
the top of toy 10 and not be able to boost up the toy trailing
edge. As a result the toy leading edge would soon tilt upwardly and
its flight would become stalled.
FIG. 5 is another embodiment of a flying toy 28 where the skirt 29
is vertical and the ring has an inclined slope 30 to a ridge 31 and
then a declined deflecting surface 32.
Referring to FIG. 6, another embodiment of the flying toy 33 has a
convexly cambered skirt 34 which merges with ring 35.
Referring to FIG. 7, another embodiment of the flying toy 36 has a
convexly cambered skirt 37 that merges with ring 38 characterized
by a convex radially outer portion and a slightly concave radially
inner portion.
FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the flying toy 39 wherein the
skirt 40 is vertical and the ring has a flat horizontal outer
portion, an intermediate stepped configuration 42 and a flat
horizontal interior portion 41.
All of the above described embodiments incorporate the common
feature of a downwardly and inwardly inclined deflector surface of
the ring for deflecting air traveling over the leading edge into
the central opening where it may thereafter be directed to support
the toy trailing edge.
FIG. 9 is a schematic or diagramatic view showing a profile of the
flying toy 10 with an overall width W between its innermost and
outermost extremes. A minimum height differential h.sub.1 is
indicated between the ridge of the deflector surface and the lowest
edge of the ring, and, a maximum height differential h.sub.2 is
indicated in a similar manner. The width-to-height ratio may vary
within an optimum performance range from 1: 1/16 (W: h.sub.1) and
1: 1/2 (W: h.sub.2). If the ratio is beyond this range to one side
(e.g.; 1: 1/17) then the toy will tend to stall in flight and
topple. Similarly if the ratio is beyond this range to the other
side (e.g.; 1: 9/16) then the toy will tend to dip and topple.
Another parameter for superior flight behavior is that the width W
is not greater than one half the length of the overall radius of
toy 10. Rather than being a toy, the object embodying this
invention may be a different type of projectile such as a missile
having teeth formed on its outer periphery for engagement with the
firing mechanism of a launching device.
OPERATION
Keeping the above constructions in mind it can be understood how
this invention provides distinct structural and entertainment
advantages over the more conventional flying disc-type toys.
In order to set the flying toy 10 (shown in FIG. 1) in motion while
spinning about its axis in direction R (as shown in FIG. 4) the
person first grasps the toy 10 with his thumb crossing over ring 14
and into central opening 17 while one or more of his fingers
stretches beneath ring 14 into contact with his thumb. Certainly
some people may prefer to grasp the toy 10 differently by pinching
an outer peripheral section of the ring 14 so that neither the
thumb nor any finger occupies space within central opening 17.
The toy 10 is released by swinging the arm away from the body and
simultaneously snapping the wrist in such a manner that a
predetermined initial velocity is imparted which in turn may
dictate the length of travel. Under ordinary calm or slight breeze
conditions the toy 10 will experience a smooth flight. If gusty
winds prevail then, it has been discovered, the toy will hop in a
somewhat unexpected manner which is very amusing. Flight behavior
may be modified and the pattern modified by tilting the plane of
the toy 10 in one direction or another.
Flight is sustained over an unexpectedly extensive path becuase the
sheet of air represented by air streams A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and
A.sub.3 travels over the toy leading edge 26, is deflected
downwardly over the circular shaped deflector surface 21 into the
circular central openings 17 and thereafter travels beneath the
ring to the toy trailing edge 27 which is supported by and rides on
the air stream that serves as an air cushion. This combination of
forces permitting the sheet of air to sink through the central
opening like a "downdraft" allows the toy 10 to sustain lengthy
flight primarily based on drag and planning aerodynamic principles
and based on air foil principles to a lesser extent.
The toy 10 is able to progress through the air with greater ease
than disc-type flying toys because resistance that otherwise would
be imposed by updrafts and downdrafts is significantly diminished
by the presence of central opening 17 which constitutes an air
passage. For this same reason, unlike in the case of disc-type
flying toys, when toy 10 loses its momentum it will settle
sustantially vertically rather than along a slopted path.
Unlike disc-shaped flying toys, flying toy 10 has a general ring
shape that may be taken advantage of in games where an object is to
loop the toy 10 around a stake or a person's arm. As a safety
feature, its external periphery is relatively blunt or rounded
rather than sharp which is of benefit in avoiding cuts and injuries
should the toy strike a person or fragile item. The advantages
mentioned above provide a flying toy 10 that may be of interest and
enjoyment to groups of all ages and is not limited, as has been the
case with conventional disc-type flying toys, to people with at
least average skills, coordination and strength.
From the foregoing it should be evident that the present invention
has provided a flying toy in which the advantages are fully
accomplished.
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