U.S. patent number 3,745,287 [Application Number 05/185,677] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-10 for key operated switch with depressible bridging contact layer of matted unwoven electrically conductive fibers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Addmaster Corporation. Invention is credited to Winston G. Walker.
United States Patent |
3,745,287 |
Walker |
July 10, 1973 |
KEY OPERATED SWITCH WITH DEPRESSIBLE BRIDGING CONTACT LAYER OF
MATTED UNWOVEN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE FIBERS
Abstract
A key operated diaphragm type switch comprising a printed
circuit board base having conductors thereon, a flexible sheet of
non-conductive material supported in taut condition over the base
and having an opening therein aligned with adjacent terminal
portions of certain of the conductors, and a layer of unwoven
matted metal fibers on the order of .10 in. thick overlying the
sheet. Upon depression of the key, the underlying portion of the
metal fiber layer and the flexible sheet are pressed toward the
base. The portion of the metal fiber layer underlying the key is
deformed through the opening in the flexible sheet and into
bridging contact with the conductors to close the switch.
Inventors: |
Walker; Winston G. (Anaheim,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Addmaster Corporation (San
Gabriel, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22681996 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/185,677 |
Filed: |
October 1, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/517; 200/5A;
200/292; 200/520 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B41J
5/08 (20130101); H01H 13/702 (20130101); H01H
13/785 (20130101); H01H 2203/01 (20130101); H01H
2215/002 (20130101); H01H 2203/02 (20130101); H01H
2229/032 (20130101); H01H 2201/03 (20130101); H01H
2221/024 (20130101); H01H 2221/042 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
13/70 (20060101); H01H 13/702 (20060101); H01h
013/52 (); H01h 013/06 (); H01h 001/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/159B,166C,86R,166BH,159R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hohauser; Herman J.
Assistant Examiner: Vanderhye; Robert A.
Claims
I claim:
1. A key operated switching device comprising
a base plate of non-conductive material having a plurality of
spaced electrical conductors thereon;
a flexible and compressible layer of matted unwoven electrically
conductive fibers,
said layer being on the order of at least 0.10 in. thick, said
fibers extending throughout said layer, means normally supporting
said layer in spaced relation to said conductors, and
a plurality of depressible keys over said layer,
said keys each having a portion effective to flex an underlying
portion of said layer into contact with underlying ones of said
conductors upon depression of said key.
2. A key operated switching device comprising
a base plate of non-conductive material having a plurality of
spaced electrical conductors thereon,
a sheet of flexible non-conductive material extending over said
base plate,
means supporting said sheet in parallel spaced relation to said
base plate,
said sheet having spaced openings therethrough aligned with
underlying pairs of said conductors,
a flexible and compressible layer of unwoven matted electrically
conductive fibers extending over said sheet and over said
openings,
said layer being on the order of at least 0.10 in. thick, and
depressible keys aligned with respective ones of said openings,
each of said keys having a portion effective to flex underlying
portions of said layer and said sheet and to deform a part of said
layer through an aligned said opening and into contact with
underlying ones of said conductors.
3. A key operated switch according to claim 2 wherein
means for supporting said sheet in spaced parallel relation to said
base plate is provided.
4. A key operated switching device according to claim 2
wherein said layer is free on said sheet and supported solely by
said sheet.
5. A key operated switching device according to claim 2
wherein each of said portions of said keys has an area smaller than
the area of said aligned opening in said sheet.
6. A key operated switching device comprising
a base plate of non-conductive material having a plurality of
spaced electrical conductors thereon,
a sheet of flexible non-conductive material extending over said
base plate,
means supporting said sheet in parallel spaced relation to said
base plate,
said sheet having spaced openings therethrough aligned with
underlying pairs of said conductors,
a flexible layer of unwoven matted electrically conductive fibers
extending over said sheet and over said openings,
depressible keys aligned with respective ones of said openings,
each of said keys having a portion effective to flex underlying
portions of said layer and said sheet and to deform a part of said
layer through an aligned said opening and into contact with
underlying ones of said conductors,
said layer and said sheet forming the sole means for maintaining
said key in undepressed condition.
7. A keyboard switching arrangement comprising
a base plate of non-conductive material having a plurality of
spaced electrical conductors thereon;
a sheet of flexible non-conductive material having spaced openings
therethrough aligned with adjacent portions with certain of said
conductors,
means supporting said sheet in spaced relation to said base
plate,
a deformable layer of unwoven matted metal fibers resting on said
sheet and extending over said openings,
said layer being on the order of at least 0.10 in. thick, said
fibers extending throughout said layer, and depressible keys
resting on said layer,
said keys having actuating portions aligned with the respective
ones of said openings,
each of said actuating portions being effective upon depression of
its said key to flex underlying portions of said layer and said
sheet and to project a part of said layer through a respective said
opening and into contact with aligned ones of said conductors.
8. A key operated switch comprising
a base plate of non-conductive material having a pair of spaced
electrical conductors thereon;
a sheet of flexible non-conductive material extending over said
base plate,
means for supporting said sheet in spaced parallel relation to said
base plate,
said sheet having an opening therethrough aligned with adjacent
portions of said conductors,
a flexible layer of matted electrically conductive fibers extending
over said sheet and over said opening, and
a depressible key,
said key having a portion effective to flex underlying portions of
said layer and said sheet and to deform a part of said layer
through said opening and into contact with said conductors,
said layer and said sheet forming the sole means for maintaining
said key in undepressed condition.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to key operated switches and has particular
reference to switches of the diaphragm type which a reincorporated
with printed circuit boards.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Key operated diaphragm type switches have been available heretofore
in which a flexible diaphragm of elastomeric material or the like
having conductive strips thereon is deflected by depression of a
key to contact such strips with other conductive strips carried by
a printed circuit board or the like.
Although such prior art diaphragm switches are generally
satisfactory, the diaphragm generally lays closely adjacent the
base and therefore the key is effective to close the contacts with
very little key stroke. In fact, the operator may feel no apparent
movement at all and since most operators are accustomed to an
appreciable key stroke in operating keys of any kind, the lack of
such apparent key stroke tends to become alarming and
uncomfortable.
Further, in most keyboard operated switches, the switching contact
area is relatively small and therefore may give a rise to
appreciable contact resistance and heating.
Also, such prior switches generally comprise a single contact point
or area and therefore any dirt or products of oxidation settling
between the contact elements may prevent electrical contact from
being made.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, I provide a simple and
inexpensive key switch utilizing a flexible sheet of non-conducting
material which is supported directly above a printed circuit board
and which, in turn, supports a layer of compacted or matted
conductive fibers, similar in some respects to the well known
"steel wool." The flexible sheet has one or more openings therein
aligned with adjacent terminal portions of certain conductors on
the printed circuit board. Upon depression of a key located
directly above such opening, the underlying portions of the layer
of conductive fibers and the flexible sheet are pressed toward the
printed circuit board and the aligned portion of the layer of
conductive fibers is forced through the opening in the flexible
sheet and into bridging contact with the terminal portions of the
conductors. The conductive fibers, which are preferably plated with
a thin coating of gold or other metal having little or no tendency
to oxidize, presents a large number of contact points, thereby
insuring adequate electrical contact even though only a light
pressure may be applied to the overlying key. Such layer of fibers
is resilient and, combined with the resiliency of the underlying
flexible sheet, is effective to return the key to its undepressed
condition through an appreciable stroke to thus give rise to a
proper key stroke feel when the key is again depressed.
Because of the matted and flexible structure of the fibrous contact
layer, any dirt particles or products of oxidation overlying the
printed circuit board will have no effect since it is extremely
unlikely that all of the many contact points presented by the
fibers could be simultaneously blocked by such particles.
An additional feature of the invention is that because of the
yieldable or cushioning character of the layer of conductive
fibers, a substantially constant contact pressure, within
reasonable limits, will be developed regardless of the pressure
applied to the key during depression thereof.
A further feature of the invention resides in the fact that the
flexible nature of the layer of conductive fibers enables the
contact area presented by the adjacent or terminal portions of the
printed circuit conductors to be enlarged as by forming spaced
interdigitated projections.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation view through a keyboard switching
arrangement embodying a preferred form of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view taken substantially along the line
2--2 of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings, the switching arrangement forms part of
a printed circuit board 11 which, according to general practice,
comprises a base 12 on which a pattern of electrical conductors
i.e., 13 and 14, are formed. A grid like separater sheet 15 of
plastic or other non-conductive material is mounted on the base 12
and has a group of square apertures 16 formed therein which are
located below and in alignment with a series of depressible keys
17.
A relatively thin sheet 18 of Mylar plastic or similar flexible
non-conducting material is extended over the separater 15 and is
provided with circular openings 20 centered over the apertures 16
in the separater 15 and arranged concentrically of cylindrical
bottom portions 21 formed on key stems 22 of the keys 17.
Alternatively, the sheet 18 may be formed of a thicker resilient
poly-foam or similar spongy material.
The key stems 22 are rectangular in cross section and are slidable
vertically in mating bearings 23 formed in a plastic cover plate
24. The latter has flanged sides 25 which are clamped to the
printed circuit board 12 and sheet 18 by a series of clamp screws,
one of which is shown at 26.
During clamping of the cover plate 24 by the screws 26, the sheet
18 is stretched taut, in at least one direction in its plane, so
that it will normally be spaced above the surface of the various
conductors, i.e., 13 and 14.
A layer 29 of matted or interwoven metal fibers, similar to the
commonly known "steel wool" is laid over the sheet 18. Such layer
is preferrably on the order .10 inches thick, although this may be
varied as desired. The layer 23 has a certain degree of resilience
and is aided by the underlying portion of the sheet 18 to normally
maintain the keys in their illustrated raised positions wherein
flanges 27 formed on the key stems 22 limit against the bottom
edges of the bearings 23.
Although metal fibers of various conductive metals may be employed
in forming the layer 29, I have found that matted stainless steel
fibers which have been plated with a coating of gold, on the order
of 0.000050 inches thick, has proven satisfactory.
Upon depression of a key 17, as indicated at the right in FIG. 1,
the lower key stem portion 21 deforms the immediately underlying
portion of the layer 29 downwardly against the underlying portion
of the sheet 18. A portion of the metal fiber is thus projected
through the opening 20 and into bridging contact with underlying
ones of the conductors i.e., 13 and 14 to close a circuit across
such conductors.
In order to increase the area of bridging contact, the adjacent
portions of the conductors 13 and 14 which are located under each
key are formed with interdigitated projections or fingers 30 and 31
lying closely adjacent but out of electrical contact with each
other.
The conductors 13 and 14 are also preferrably plated with an
extremely thin coating of gold or other precious metal having
little or no tendency to oxidize.
It will be noted that the layer 29 of metal fibers presents a
multitude of contact points which insures adequate electrical
bridging contact with the conductors regardless of the contact
pressure applied by the key.
Because of its resilient nature and the multiple contact points
presented by the layer 29, any products of oxidation, dirt or like
foreign particles which might fall on the surface of the conductors
and under the keys 17 will not be effective to prevent closing of
the contacts upon depression of an overlying key. Also, because no
wiping action occurs during closing of the contacts formed by the
layer 29 and the printed circuit board conductors, no wear will
occur and, therefore, the coating of gold or other precious metal
may be made extremely thin without sacrificing its electrical
contact qualities.
Due to the resilient nature of the layer 29 and the additional
resiliency of the underlying portions of the sheet 18, the keys
will have an appreciable key stroke, thereby presenting a proper
"feel" and insuring return of the keys to their undepressed
positions.
Although the layer 29 is merely laid loosely over the upper surface
of the sheet 18, it may alternatively be either bonded thereto or
clamped at its edges between the cover flanges 25 and the sheet 18
by the clamp screws 26 .
* * * * *