U.S. patent number 3,646,937 [Application Number 05/012,656] was granted by the patent office on 1972-03-07 for improved pressure-sensitive tape fastener for disposable diapers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Dale A. Gellert.
United States Patent |
3,646,937 |
Gellert |
March 7, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
IMPROVED PRESSURE-SENSITIVE TAPE FASTENER FOR DISPOSABLE
DIAPERS
Abstract
An improved fastening device for securing the corners of
disposable diapers which includes a strip of pressure-sensitive
tape held in superposed relationship with respect to a corner of
the plastic backing sheet prior to use. One end of the tape is
directly adhered to the plastic backing sheet. A treated release
liner is interposed between the other end of the tape and the
plastic backing sheet. The release liner is directly adhered to the
backing sheet whereas the tape is releasably held in contact with
the release liner. Securement means are provided for holding down
the releasable end of the tape and maintaining it in contact with
the release liner for the purpose of preventing inadvertent
removal. The tape has a tab end between the securement means and
the extremity of the releasable end of the tape to facilitate easy
removal from the release liner when preparing the tape for
fastening and holding the adjoining corners of a diaper.
Inventors: |
Gellert; Dale A. (Center
Township, Dearborn County, IN) |
Assignee: |
The Procter & Gamble
Company (Cincinnati, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
21756047 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/012,656 |
Filed: |
February 19, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
604/390 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F
13/58 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61F
13/58 (20060101); A61F 13/56 (20060101); A61f
013/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/284,286,287,156 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Rosenbaum; Charles F.
Claims
What is claimed as new is:
1. In a disposable diaper having a backing sheet of
water-impervious material, the improvement comprising,
a. a pressure-sensitive tape fastener having an attached end and a
releasable end, correction attached end being secured to said
backing sheet, voltage
b. a release liner secured to said backing sheet, said release
liner being interposed between said backing sheet and the
releasable end of said tape fastener, said release liner having its
upper surface treated to give it minimal adhesive attachment to
said releasable end of said tape fastener,
c. securement means contacting a limited area of the releasable end
of said tape fastener to adhesively secure it in superposed
relation to the release liner,
d. said tape fastener having a tab end between said securement
means and the extremity of the releasable end, said tab end being
easily removable from said release liner to provide a pull tab for
readily peeling the releasable end of said tape from said
securement means when the fastener is being prepared for use.
2. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 1 wherein said securement means comprises a narrow
tape secured to the upper surface of said release liner, said
narrow tape having a greater adherence to said release liner as
compared to its adherence to said pressure-sensitive tape
fastener.
3. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 1 wherein said securement means comprises an
untreated area on the surface of the release liner to provide an
area in which the releasable end of the tape fastener will have a
greater adherence to the release liner.
4. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 1 wherein said securement means comprises at least
one discontinuity in the release liner to permit direct adherence
of the pressure-sensitive tape fastener to said backing sheet in
the area of the discontinuity.
5. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 4 wherein said discontinuity comprises at least
one aperture in the release liner.
6. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 4 wherein said discontinuity comprises at least
one notch in the edge of the release liner.
7. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 1 including a line of weakening between the
attached end and the releasable end to facilitate severance of said
tape at the time of diaper removal.
8. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 2 including a line of weakening between the
attached end and the releasable end to facilitate severance of said
tape at the time of diaper removal.
9. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 3 including a line of weakening between the
attached end and the releasable end to facilitate severance of said
tape at the time of diaper removal.
10. A pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper as
claimed in claim 4 including a line of weakening between the
attached end and the releasable end to facilitate severance of said
tape at the time of diaper removal.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The provision of a pressure-sensitive tape fastener for securing
the corners of a diaper is a well-known expedient in the art. In
fact, an example of this type of device is described in U.S. Pat.
No. Re. 26,151 entitled Disposable Diaper which issued to Robert C.
Duncan et al. on Jan. 31, 1967, which patent is commonly owned by
the assignee of the present application.
Previous pressure-sensitive tape fasteners have, however, had any
one of a number of shortcomings which have prevented their
widespread use. In general, one end of the tape has been fastened
directly to the diaper; whereas the other end has been adhered to a
release liner. In this type of structure, the laminate consisting
of the tape and release liner projects outwardly from the diaper.
These projecting laminates are troublesome in the manufacture of
diapers at high speeds on present day commercial manufacturing
equipment. The projecting laminates tend to get caught in the
mechanism of the moving machinery causing jams and other
undesirable delays in their manufacture.
On the other hand, it has been proposed to adhere the entire
pressure-sensitive tape fastener directly to the plastic backing
sheet of the diaper. The major shortcoming of this arrangement is
that pressure-sensitive tape, in general, has a very high degree of
adhesive affinity to plastic materials of the type normally used in
diaper production thus making it very difficult, if not highly
impractical, to remove or lift one end of the tape as the diaper is
prepared for use. The interposition of a release liner between the
plastic backing sheet and one end of the tape has not been an
entirely satisfactory solution to the problem since the strength of
the bond between the tape and the release liner is so limited that
the tape will frequently become dislodged in the course or ordinary
handling. This latter phenomenon, of course, is highly detrimental
since the loose pressure-sensitive tape ends will stick to portions
of the manufacturing and packaging equipment. In addition, the tape
itself will not ultimately function in its intended manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION direct-current
The nature and substance of the invention will be more readily
appreciated after giving consideration to its major aims and
purposes. The principal objects of the invention are recited in the
ensuing paragraphs in order to give a better appreciation of the
important aspects of the invention before describing the details of
a preferred embodiment in later portions of this description.
The major object of the invention is the provision of an improved
pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper which can
be held in superposed relationship with respect to the surface of
the plastic backing sheet of the diaper and which is readily and
easily prepared for use.
Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved
fastener of the above character which has a releasable end that can
be conveniently lifted and/or peeled back and yet will normally be
held in superposition with the diaper backing sheet until the
diaper is ready to be used.
A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved
pressure-sensitive tape fastener for a disposable diaper having
securement means for securely holding down the releasable end of
the tape fastener against the release liner in a limited area until
such time as the tape fastener is to be prepared for use by the
consumer.
These and other objects are achieved by providing a
pressure-sensitive tape, one end of which is secured to the plastic
backing sheet of a disposable diaper and the other end of which is
releasably secured to a release liner interposed between the
backing sheet and the releasable end of the tape. The release liner
is treated to have very limited adhesive securement to the
releasable end of the tape. Securement means, which may take any of
several forms, are provided on an area of the release liner for the
purpose of holding down the releasable end of the tape prior to
use. The length of tape from the edge of the releasable end to the
securement means provides a tab end which, when ready for use, can
be readily peeled back so that the releasable end can be grasped
and pulled away from both the securement means and the release
liner when preparing the tape for use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing
out and distinctly claiming the subject matter regarded as forming
the present invention, it is believed the invention will be better
understood from the following description taken in connection with
the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a corner of a disposable
diaper to which the invention has been applied in one form. FIG. 2
is a cross section in elevation of the corner of the diaper taken
on the line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the upper portion of a disposable
diaper to which the invention has been applied illustrating the
manner in which the consumer is able to remove the tab end.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a form of disposable diaper
having the pressure-sensitive tape fastener of the invention for
holding adjoining corners.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of a corner of a disposable
diaper having a modified form of the pressure-sensitive tape
fastener.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of a corner of a disposable
diaper having another modified form of the pressure-sensitive tape
fastener.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a corner of a disposable
diaper having still another modified form of the pressure-sensitive
tape fastener of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating a modification that
can be applied to any of the previous forms of pressure-sensitive
tape fasteners to make it more readily removable.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of a diaper showing the tape of
FIG. 8 after it has been severed when the diaper is being
removed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Pressure-sensitive tape fasteners of the invention are useful and
beneficial when applied to conventional disposable diapers,
particularly of the kind that have a plastic backing sheet. As an
illustration of the kind of diaper to which the invention is very
readily adapted, reference is again made to the above-cited Duncan
et al. U.S. Pat. No. Re. 26,151. It will be apparent from the
following description that the tape fastener illustrated and
described herein may be applied to the corner of a diaper of that
particular design and configuration. On the other hand, it will be
understood that the invention is not limited to any specific diaper
structure or configuration and the Duncan et al. patent is
incorporated herein by reference merely for the sake of
illustrating a typical example of the kind of diaper to which the
present invention can be usefully applied.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing, it will be noted
that these views represent the upper corner portion of a diaper 10
which may comprise an absorbent core 11 formed from any well-known
material having good fluid-absorbing characteristics such as
absorbent wadding, cellulosic fluff or the like. A water-impervious
plastic (e.g., polyethylene film) backing sheet 12 forms the back
surface of the diaper itself. The sheet 12 has a narrow margin 13
folded over at 14 to cover the top edge of the absorbent core 11 to
the inner edge 15 of the plastic sheet 12.
A pressure-sensitive tape fastener 16 is provided so that it has
one end, i.e., an attached end 17 which is directly secured and
strongly adhered to the lower surface of the plastic backing sheet
12 as shown in FIG. 2. The other end of the tape, i.e., the
releasable end 18, is not adhered directly to the backing sheet 12
as illustrated in FIG. 2 and as will hereinafter be described. The
pressure-sensitive tape 16 is preferably a paperbacked tape but it
can also be of the type having a polyethylene backing. In either
case, it can be used with or without reinforcing. The
pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably selected so that it will
be least irritating to a tender baby's skin.
A release liner 19 is provided as shown in the drawings. The
release liner is interposed between the backing sheet 12 and the
releasable end 18 of the tape 16. The release liner 19 is strongly
adhered to the backing sheet 12. If desired, the release liner can
be secured with the same type of adhesive used in securing the
attached end 17 of the pressure-sensitive tape fastener 16. The
upper surface 20 of the release liner 19 is silicone treated so
that it has minimal adhesive attachment, if any, with respect to
the superposed surface of the releasable end 18 of the tape
fastener 16. The release liner may be polyethylene or paper or any
suitable equivalent thereof that will achieve the objects of the
invention.
Securement means are provided in order to adhesively secure the
releasable end 18 of the fastener 16 at a predetermined limited
area and to maintain it in superposition with respect to said
release liner 19. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the
securement means comprises a narrow tape 21. This tape is treated
with a special adhesive that is strongly adherent to the
silicone-treated upper surface 20 of the release liner 19. The
releasable end 18 is firmly secured to the tape 21 to hold it in
superposed relationship with respect to the release liner 19. Thus,
a tab end 22 is formed between the extremity or edge 23 of the
diaper tape 16 and the securement tape 21. In practice, the tape 21
is preferably a narrow polyester film tape having a special
adhesive that is strongly adherent to the silicone surface of the
release liner, such as tape No. Y-9030 available from the Minnesota
Mining and Manufacturing Co.
The tab end 22 is readily peeled from the release liner 19 and used
as a pull tab when the diaper and tape are being prepared for use.
As seen in FIG. 3, the tab end 22 can be readily separated from the
release liner 19 by merely pushing inwardly on the diaper beyond
the edge 23 of the tape 16 while simultaneously pushing upwardly
from the back of the diaper in the area of the securement tape 21.
The tab end 22 will thus readily begin to peel away whereupon it
can be grasped and pulled back until it separates from the
securement tape 21 which is more strongly bonded to the release
liner 19. The entire releasable end 18 can be lifted or peeled back
from the release liner 19 in this fashion. The tape fastener 16 is
then prepared and ready to secure the corners of the diaper in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 4.
FIGS 5, 6 and 7 illustrate modified forms of the invention in which
other types of securement means are provided to provide essentially
similar benefits and results. Identical reference numerals will be
used throughout the following description to represent any elements
that are identical to those previously described with respect to
the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. In each of the embodiments of FIGS
5, 6 and 7, the attached end 17 of the tape fastener 16 is secured
in the manner illustrated in FIG. 2 of the drawings.
The securement means in FIG. 5 comprises the provision of a release
liner 24 having a discontinuity in the form of two apertures 25,
although it will be understood that any number of apertures 25 can
be provided including only one, if desired, to achieve the objects
of the invention. The portions of the releasable end 18 of the
pressure-sensitive tape 16 which overlie the apertures 25 are
directly adhered to the backing sheet 12 in these areas. The
releasable end 18 is thus held down in superposition with the
release liner 24 because of the strong bond between the tape and
the plastic backing sheet 12 in the area of the apertures 25. The
tab end 22 can be peeled when desired in much the same manner as
illustrated in FIG. 3. Once removal has been initiated the freed
tab end 22 can then be grasped and pulled just as in the embodiment
of FIGS. 1 and 2. Ultimately, of course, it will be used in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 4.
The securement means in FIG. 6 include neither a special securement
tape 21 nor a discontinuity in the form of apertures 25 as
described in connection with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 5,
respectively. In FIG. 6, a release liner 26 is provided which is
untreated in the narrow transverse area 27. That is, the areas 28
and 29 are silicone treated to have a low affinity for the
pressure-sensitive tape 16 whereas the untreated area 27 has a very
high affinity for the pressure-sensitive tape 16 so that the area
27 acts as a securement means to hold the releasable end 18 of the
tape 16 in superposition with the release liner 26. Beyond that,
the fastener has very similar characteristics to the previously
described embodiments and can be removed and applied as illustrated
in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
A further embodiment of securement means is illustrated in FIG. 7.
The release liner 30 in FIG. 7 is provided with a discontinuity in
the form of notches at 31 and 32. This permits the releasable end
18 of the tape 16 to be adhered to the backing sheet 12 in the area
of the notches 31 and 32 causing it to be held in superposition
with the release liner 30. The bond between the tape 16 and the
plastic material of the backing sheet 12 prevents it from being
dislodged therefrom. As in all of the previous embodiments, the tab
end 22 is readily removed by merely flexing the diaper in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 3 whereupon it can be manipulated and
used in the same fashion.
FIG. 8 illustrates a modification that may be applied to any of the
previously described embodiments. This modification comprises the
provision of a line of weakening transverse of the tape 16 between
the ends of the tape fastener 16. In practice, the line of
weakening may take the form of a line of perforations 33 provided
intermediate the attached end 17 and releasable end 18 or somewhere
near the folded end 34 of the tape 16 as viewed in FIG. 2. FIG. 8
illustrates a pressure-sensitive tape 16 with perforations 33
holding together the corners 35 and 36 of a diaper. After the
diaper has been soiled, it may be readily removed by merely tearing
the tape along the line of weakening or the perforations 33 in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 9. This eliminates the need for peeling
off the tape which may be quite difficult because of the strength
of the bond between the tape 16 and the plastic backing sheet 12.
The further improvement of FIGS. 8 and 9 is primarily intended as
an additional convenience to the consumer at the time of removing
and disposing of the diaper.
From practice, foregoing description, it will be apparent that
numerous modifications can be made without affecting the concept of
the invention. For example, while in each illustrated embodiment
the pressure-sensitive tape fastener is shown in a form wherein it
is folded around an edge, the concept is equally effective when the
entire tape 16 is mounted on a continuous substantially flat
surface. Furthermore, the securement means can be placed on the
release liner in any desired area so long as a tab end 22 of finite
dimension is formed for the purpose of providing the consumer with
a convenient device for initiating the removal of the releasable
end 18 of the tape 16. Similarly, the tape 16 can be mounted at an
angle with respect to the edge of the diaper 10 or it could even,
if desired, have the release liner under the opposite end from that
illustrated in the drawing although this may be less practical in
the particular form of diaper to which it has been applied in the
foregoing description.
While particular embodiments of the invention have been illustrated
and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that
various changes and modifications can be made without departing
from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to
cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications
that are within the scope of this invention.
* * * * *