U.S. patent number RE32,811 [Application Number 06/870,245] was granted by the patent office on 1988-12-27 for easily dispersible dietary fiber product and method for producing the same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc.. Invention is credited to Richard E. Rudin.
United States Patent |
RE32,811 |
Rudin |
December 27, 1988 |
Easily dispersible dietary fiber product and method for producing
the same
Abstract
A modified dry dietary fiber product which is readily
dispersible in liquids such as water, comprises a dry dietary fiber
product coated with from 0.5 to 20% by weight of the food grade
emulsifier. Process for producing coated dietary fiber products
comprises blending these dietary fiber product materials with the
mixture of a non-toxic solvent in a food grade emulsifier followed
by removing the solvent. The questions raised in reexamination
request No. 90/001,032, filed May 22, 1986, have been considered
and the results thereof are reflected in this reissue patent which
constitutes the reexamination certificate required by 35 U.S.C. 307
as provided in 37 CFR 1.570(e).
Inventors: |
Rudin; Richard E. (Kenosha,
WI) |
Assignee: |
S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc.
(Racine, WI)
|
Family
ID: |
27053566 |
Appl.
No.: |
06/870,245 |
Filed: |
June 3, 1986 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
Reissue of: |
500603 |
Jun 2, 1983 |
04551331 |
Nov 5, 1985 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/738 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A23L
7/115 (20160801); A23L 33/21 (20160801) |
Current International
Class: |
A23L
1/10 (20060101); A23L 1/308 (20060101); A61K
035/78 () |
Field of
Search: |
;424/198.1 ;514/892 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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0105195 |
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Apr 1984 |
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EP |
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56-0100722 |
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Aug 1981 |
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JP |
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756885 |
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Jan 1957 |
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GB |
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Other References
Collection of Trade Literature on Coating Material Tested in
Exhibit 10; Atmos 300, Myvatem 92, Tween.COPYRGT.80, 40-06S,
(Myatex), Sterolac S, Soft Touch, 3-50 (Myvatex), Texture Lite,
Myalet 50-7, EW-6, Crisco Oil, Tween.COPYRGT.40, Durem 300, Yelkin
300. .
Durkee Shortenings & Oil Glossary, SCM Durkee Industrial Foods.
.
Rubber World, Aug. 1981, "Fluidized Bed Mixing of Dry Liquid
Dispersions". .
Myvatex Texture Lite Food Emulsifiers (k), Eastham Chemicals
Publication No. ZM-65B, Sep. 1983. .
A. G. Mattha, "Rheology of Dispersions of Macromolecular
Substances. Part 8. Rheological Studies on Plantago albicans
(Psyllium) Seed Gum Dispersions. II. Effect of Some Pharmaceutical
Additives." Pharm. Acta Helv. 52(9): 214-217 (1977). .
A. G. Mattha, "Rheology of Dispersions of Macromolecular
Substances" Part 7. Rheological Studies on Plantago albicans
(Pysllium) Seed Gum Dispersions. I. General Flow Characteristics.
Pharma. Acta Helv. 52(9): 210-213 (1977). .
A. G. Mattha, "Influence of Some Pharmaceutical Adjuvants on the
Syneresis of Plantago albicans (Pysllium) Seed Gum Gels." Pharm.
Acta Helv. 52 (10): 233-235 (1977). .
L. Carino and H. Mollet, "Wetting of a Powder by Aqueous Solutions
of Surface Active Agents". Powder Technology, 11: 189-194
(1975)..
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Primary Examiner: Sutto; Anton H.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration .[.comprising.]. .Iadd.consisting essentially
of .Iaddend.from about 80 to 99.95% by weight of at least one
dietary fiber .Iadd.having laxative properties and .Iaddend.subject
to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids, and from about 0.05 to
20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier wherein the emulsifier
substantially coats the powder to prevent agglomeration when added
to liquids.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the dietary fiber is selected
from the group consisting of psyllium, dietary bran, wheat germ and
mixtures thereof.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the emulsifier is selected
from the group consisting of a mixture of distilled propylene
glycol monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearyl
lactylate hydrophylic ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, malto
dextran, lecithin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures
thereof.
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the composition comprises
from about 90 to 99.95% by weight dietary fiber, and from 0.05 to
10% by weight emulsifier.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the emulsifier is selected
from the group consisting of a mixture of distilled propylene
glycol monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearyl
lactylate hydrophyllic ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, malto
dextran, lecithin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures
thereof.
6. The composition of claim 5 wherein the hydrophyllic ethoxylated
sorbitan monoesters are selected from the group consisting of
sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide, soriban
monoleate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide and mixtures therein.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises
from about 90 to 99.95% by weight dietary fiber, and from 0.05 to
10% by weight emulsifier.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein said dietary fiber is a
mixture of psyllium, cellulose derivatives and cereal bran.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein said mixture comprises from
30 to 99% by weight psyllium and from 1 to 70% by weight bran.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises
from about 95 to 99.95% by weight dietary fiber and from about 0.05
to 5% by weight of the emulsifer.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the emulsifier is sorbitan
monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
12. A process for producing a modified dietary fiber which
.[.comprises.]. .Iadd.consists essentially of .Iaddend.mixing a
dietary fiber .Iadd.having laxative properties and .Iaddend.subject
to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids, with about 0.05 to 20%
by weight of .[.an.]. .Iadd.a food grade .Iaddend.emulsifier and
about 0.5 to 40% of a non-toxic solvent; and removing the solvent
to form a dry, free-flowing product.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein the dietary fiber is selected
from the group consisting of psyllium, dietary bran, wheat germ,
and mixtures thereof.
14. The process of claim 12 wherein the emulsifier is selected from
the group consisting of a mixture of distilled propylene glycol
monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearyl
lactylate, hydrophylic ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, malto
dextran, lecithin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures
thereof.
15. The process of claim 12 wherein the dietary fiber is a mixture
of psyllium, cellulose derivatives and cereal bran.
16. The process of claim 15 wherein said mixture comprises from 99
to 30% by weight psyllium and 1 to 70% by weight bran.
17. The process of claim 14 wherein the hydrophyllic ethoxylated
sorbitan monoesters are selected from the group consisting of
sorbitan monoleate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide, sorbitan
monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide and mixtures
thereof.
18. The process of claim 12 wherein the emulsifier is sorbitan
monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
19. The process of claim 12 wherein the emulsifier is present in an
amount of from 0.05 to 10% by weight.
20. The process of claim 12 wherein the solvent is selected from
the group consisting of ethyl alcohol, water, mixtures of ethyl
alcohol and ethyl acetate and mixtures thereof.
21. A coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration .[.comprising.]. .Iadd.consisting essentially
of .Iaddend.from about 80 to 99.95% by weight of psyllium
.Iadd.having laxative properties, .Iaddend.and from about 0.05 to
20% by weight of a mixture of distilled propylene glycol
monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearyl
lactylate, wherein said mixture substantially coats the psyllium to
prevent agglomeration when added to liquids. .Iadd.22. A coated
dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids without
agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to 99.5% by
weight of psyllium having laxative properties, and from about 0.05
to 20% by weight of sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene
oxide, wherein said sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene
oxide substantially coats the psyllium to prevent agglomeration
when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.23. A coated dietary fiber
which is readily dispersible in liquids without agglomeration
consisting essentially of from about 80 to 99.5% by weight of
psyllium having laxative properties, and from about 0.05 to 20% by
weight of sorbitan monooleate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide,
wherein said sorbitan monooleate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide
substantially coats the psyllium to prevent agglomeration when
added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.24. A coated dietary fiber which
is readily dispersible in liquids without agglomeration consisting
essentially of from about 80 to 99.5% by weight of psyllium having
laxative properties, and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of
lecithin, wherein said lecithin substantially coats the psyllium to
prevent agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.25. A
coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to
99.95% by weight of at least one dietary fiber having laxative
properties and subject to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids,
and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier
selected from the group consisting of a mixture of distilled
propylene glycol monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and
sodium stearyl lactylate, hydrophilic ethoxylated sorbitan
monoesters, lecithin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures
thereof, wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to
prevent agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.26. A
coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to
99.95% by weight of at least one dietary fiber having laxative
properties and subject to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids,
and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier
which is at least one hydrophilic ethoxylated sorbitan monoester,
wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to prevent
agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.27. A coated
dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids without
agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to 99.95% by
weight of at least one dietary fiber having laxative properties and
subject to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids, and from about
0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier which is lecithin,
wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to prevent
agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.28. A coated
dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids without
agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to 99.95% by
weight of at least one dietary fiber having laxative properties and
subject to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids, and from about
0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier selected from the
group consisting of monoglycerides, diglycerides and mixtures
thereof, wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to
prevent agglomeration when
added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.29. A coated dietary fiber which
is readily dispersible in liquids without agglomeration consisting
essentially of from about 80 to 99.95% by weight of at least one
dietary fiber having laxative properties and subject to
agglomeration upon mixing with liquids and selected from the group
consisting of psyllium, bran, cellulose derivatives and mixtures
thereof, and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade
emulsifier selected from the group consisting of a mixture of
distilled propylene glycol monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides
and sodium stearyl lactylate, hydrophilic ethoxylated sorbitan
monoesters, lecithin, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures
thereof, wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to
prevent agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.30. A
coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to
99.95% by weight of at least one dietary fiber having laxative
properties and subject to agglomeration upon mixing with liquids
and selected from the group consisting of psyllium, bran, cellulose
derivatives and mixtures thereof, and from about 0.05 to 20% by
weight of a food grade emulsifier which is at least one hydrophilic
ethoxylated sorbitan monoester, wherein the emulsifier
substantially coats the fiber to prevent agglomeration when added
to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.31. A coated dietary fiber which is
readily dispersible in liquids without agglomeration consisting
essentially of from about 80 to 99.95% by weight of at least one
dietary fiber having laxative properties and subject to
agglomeration upon mixing with liquids and selected from the group
consisting of psyllium, bran, cellulose derivatives and mixtures
thereof, and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade
emulsifier which is lecithin, wherein the emulsifier substantially
coats the fiber to prevent agglomeration when added to
liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.32. A coated dietary fiber which is readily
dispersible in liquids without agglomeration consisting essentially
of from about 80 to 99.95% by weight of at least one dietary fiber
having laxative properties and subject to agglomeration upon mixing
with liquids and selected from the group consisting of psyllium,
bran, cellulose derivatives and mixtures thereof, and from about
0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier selected from the
group consisting of monoglycerides, diglycerides and mixtures
thereof, wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to
prevent agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.33. A
coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids
without agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to
99.95% by weight of psyllium having laxative properties, and from
about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier selected
from the group of consisting of a mixture of distilled propylene
glycol monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearyl
lactylate, hydrophilic ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, lecithin,
monoglycerides, diglycerides, and mixtures thereof, wherein the
emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to prevent agglomeration
when added to liquids..Iaddend.
.Iadd.34. A coated dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in
liquids without agglomeration consisting essentially of from about
80 to 99.95% by weight of psyllium having laxative properties, and
from about 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier which
is at least one hydrophilic ethoxylated sorbitan monoester, wherein
the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to prevent
agglomeration when added to liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.35. A coated
dietary fiber which is readily dispersible in liquids without
agglomeration consisting essentially of from about 80 to 99.95% by
weight of psyllium having laxative properties, and from about 0.05
to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier selected from the group
consisting of monoglycerides, diglycerides and mixtures thereof,
wherein the emulsifier substantially coats the fiber to prevent
agglomeration when added to
liquids..Iaddend. .Iadd.36. The coated dietary fiber according to
anyone of claims 25-35, wherein the emulsifier is present from
about 0.05 to 1.0% by weight..Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND
This invention relates to modified dietary fiber products and
processes for producing the same. More particularly, this invention
relates to modified dietary fiber products such as bulk laxatives
which are readily and easily dispersible in water and other
liquids.
Dietary fibers such as psyllium powder, bran, cellulose derivatives
such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, malt extract, wheat germ
and the like have long been used as dietary supplements. These
materials generally are relatively fine powders or particles which
resist wetting due to their very dry nature. The most important of
these dietary fibers materials are psyllium and bran. Psyllium
powder may be derived from the ground husks of the seeds of
plantago ovata, plantago psyllium or plantago indica. The laxative
properties to this material are due to its hydrophillic properties
and to its mucilaginous character when wetted. Bran has similar
characteristics.
Historically, dry bulk laxative composition contain bulking agents
such as psyllium powder and a large percentage of sugar, usually
dextrose, as a dispersing agent. Some flavored bulk laxatives
contain as much as 70% sugar. These dietary fiber compositions are
added to water by the user to produce a dispersion of the powder.
The powder picks up the moisture from this dispersion to become
mucilaginous. However, even after vigorous agitation, a substantial
amount of time is required for complete dispersal and miscibility
of the bulking agent and the sugar in an aqueous system.
Many attempts have been made to overcome the dispersal problems of
dry dietary fiber products such as bulk laxatives, specifically
those including psyllium. One method of improving the
dispersibility of psyllium powder is by using a psyllium having a
wide range of particle sizes. It has been suggested that the
different particle sizes are more dispersible than a product having
a uniform particle size which is normally sold to produce
formulators. However, these materials are not sufficiently more
dispersible than standard substantially uniform particle size
psyllium preparations.
A second method of improving the dispersibility of psyllium is
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,263. This patent discloses coating
or granulating the psyllium with polyvinylpyrrolidone as a
granulating agent and polyethylene glycol as a dispersing agent. As
disclosed in this patent, the polyvinylpyrrolidone also functions
to reduce the friability of the resulting psyllium granules.
Still other attempts to improve the dispersibility of bulk fibers,
specifically psyllium, are known which utilize an effervescent
sugar-psyllium mixture to achieve the dispersal of the psyllium by
the physical action of the carbon dioxide released when the product
is added to water. These products, however, often contain high
quantities of sodium ions as well as sugar and therefore cannot be
safely used by patients whose intake of sugar or sodium is
restricted.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It has been surprisingly found that dietary fiber products can be
coated with a small amount of an ingestible food grade emulsifier
to produce a modified dietary fiber which is readily and easily
dispersible in liquids. The method of coating the dietary fibers
comprises mixing the dietary fiber with a small percentage of a
food grade emulsifier dissolved in a non-toxic solvent for the
emulsifier and removing the solvent.
It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to
provide a dry dietary fiber product which is easily and readily
dispersible in liquids.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
process for preparing these quickly dispersible dietary fiber
products.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
dietary fiber product which need not contain sugar, phosphorous,
sodium or potassium ions.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
method for coating a variety of dietary fiber products such that
dispersible sugar free products can be produced.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
dietary fiber product having a coating of food grade
emulsifier.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
readily dispersible bulk laxative product.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
modified psyllium laxative product.
Still further objects and advantages of the product and process of
the present invention will become more apparent from the following
detailed description thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used in the instant specification and claims the term "dietary
fiber" means edible seeds and/or grains, especially the husks
and/or germ of these seeds. Dietary fibers are used as bulk
laxatives and as food supplements.
The present invention relates primarily to a modified dietary fiber
materials. This product comprises from about 80 to 99.95% by weight
of at least one dietary fiber and from about 0.05 to 20% by weight
of a food grade emulsifier; wherein the emulsifier substantially
coats the fiber to prevent agglomeration when added to liquids.
The present invention also relates to a process for preparing the
above coated fiber materials. One embodiment of this process
comprises mixing at least one dietary fiber with a mixture of from
about 0.5 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier and from
about 0.5 to 40% by weight of a non-toxic solvent; and removing the
solvent to form a dry free flowing product.
The present invention relates to modified dietary fiber products
and methods for modifying these materials. Dietary fibers are
useful as bulk forming laxatives. These materials are well known in
the over-the-counter drug business. It is also well known that
dietary fibers such as bulk laxatives, in their pure form resist
wetting, agglomerate when mixed with liquids and do not disperse as
a homogenous mixture. Examples of dietary fiber materials suitable
for use in the compositions and methods of the present invention
include psyllium preparations such as plantago seeds, i.e.,
plantago ovata, plantago psyllium, plantago indica, etc., plantago
ovata husks, the hemicellulose of psyllium, psyllium seed, blond
psyllium seed, psyllium seed husks, bran, wheat germ and mixtures
thereof. By the term "bran" is meant the seed husk from any of a
number of cereal grains including wheat, rice, rye, oats, barley,
corn and mixtures thereof.
The dietary fiber should be present in the final composition of the
present invention in an amount of from about 80 to 99.95% by
weight. The fiber can be present either as a single material or as
combinations of different psyllium preparations, bran, cereal germ
and combinations of these materials. It is preferred that the final
product contain from about 90 to 99.95% by weight dietary fiber and
it is most preferred that the final product contain from about 95
to 99.95% by weight of these materials. Furthermore, when mixtures
of psyllium and other materials such as bran are used, the total
dietary fiber present in the formulation should contain from about
30 to 99% by weight psyllium and from about 70 to 1% by weight
other fiberous material.
The composition of the present invention also includes from about
0.05 to 20% by weight of the food grade emulsifier. Suitable
emulsifiers include MYVATEX Texture Lite Emulsifier available from
Eastman Kodak, Health and Nutrition Division, Kingsport, Tenn. This
material is a mixture of distilled propylene glycol monoglycerides,
distilled monoglycerides and sodium stearoyl lactylate. Other
emulsifiers also can be used including hydrophilic ethoxylated
sorbitan monoesters such as the Tweens available from ICI America,
especially sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide
(Tween 60), sorbitan mono-oleate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide
(Tween 80) and the like, malto dextran, lecithin, monoglycerides of
food grade quality formed of fatty acids having a carbon chain
length of between C.sub.4 and C.sub.24, diglycerides of food grade
quality formed from fatty acids having a carbon content of between
C.sub.4 and C.sub.24, vegetable oil, and mixtures thereof. The
preferred emulsifier is the sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of
ethylene oxide. The emulsifier should be present in the composition
of the present invention in the amount of from about 0.05 to 20% by
weight. Preferably, the composition should include from about 0.05
to 10% and optionally from about 0.05 to 5% by weight.
As noted above, it was most surprising that coating the dietary
fibers with the thin coating of the above described emulsifiers
causes the fibers to resist agglomeration when they are added to a
liquid such as water. Instead of a agglomerating, the particles of
the dietary fiber disperse without lumping or aggregation. The
liquid permeates each particle and causes the particular fibrous
material to disperse uniformly and homogeneously. Minimal stirring
of the fiber into the liquid is required as compared with other
products currently available in the marketplace which require
vigorous stirring, shaking or even a mechanical blending to break
up agglomerations of large masses of unwetted particles.
It is thought the thin coating by the food grade emulsifier
temporarily retards the hydration and the resultant swelling of the
dietary fiber product, allowing ample time for the consumer to
ingest the product. Existing psyllium type products require that
the mixture be consumed almost instantly after mixing. If the prior
art mixtures are allowed to stand even for a short period of time
the products become so mucilagenous and thick that it is difficult
to swallow them.
One method for producing the modified dietary fibers of the present
invention is by mixing the fibrous material with a mixture of an
emulsifier and a non-toxic solvent. The dietary fiber should be
mixed from about 0.05 to 20% of a food grade emulsifier and mixed
with from 0.5 to 40% by weight of a solvent. Suitable solvents
include water, ethanol, mixtures of water and ethanol, mixtures of
water, ethanol and ethyl acetate whereby the ethyl acetate is
present in small quantities such as denatured ethyl alcohol. The
solvent, emulsifier and dietary fiber are than mixed so that the
emulsifier coats the dietary fiber.
The mixing can be done using any of a number of different
conventional mixing processes so long as intimate contact between
the emulsifier and the dietary fiber is achieved. Examples of such
processes include the Wurster process which is a modified fluid bed
coating system for producing encapsulated products. A second
process is the Durkee encapsulation process which is essentially an
air suspension coating process, i.e., the fluidized bed is
supported with air and sprayed with a coating material. A third
type of process includes use of a Littleford blender of the type
described in the August, 1981 "Rubber World" article entitled
"Fluidized Bed Mixing of Dry Liquid Dispersions". Other suitable
mixers include the Twin Shell mixer (PK blender) and cone mixers
such as the Nauda mixer from The Day Company.
After the solvent, emulsifier and dietary fiber are mixed together,
the solvent is flashed off using conventional means to form the
coated dry fiber product. Still a further method of blending the
emulsifier with the dietary fiber is to use the Littleford/Logie
Blender without using any solvent. Heat may also be applied to the
mixture to speed up the coating process but is not essential.
In addition, the compositions of the present invention can include
other ingredients to improve the palatability or flavor of the
composition. In this regard, citric acid or other acids may be
added to the composition to impart tartness or other flavor
characteristics. If acids are utilized, suitable pH buffering
agents also may be utilized such as mono-calcium phosphate
monohydrate, sodium citrate, etc. Obviously, the incorporation of
these buffering materials should be avoided if the product is
intended to be used by persons on a low sodium or phosphate diet.
Also, sweetening agents and/or flavoring materials can be included.
Suitable sweetening agents include sucrose, dextrose, fructose and
other sugars as well as artificial sweetening agents such as
saccerin, cyclamates and aspartame, i.e.,
N-L-Alpha-Aspartyl-L-Phenylalamine-1-Methyl ester. Also suitable
food grade coloring agents also may be included.
The composition and method of the present invention will now be
illustrated by way of the following examples which are for the
purposes of illustration and are not in any way to be considered as
limiting. In the following examples, all parts and percentages are
by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
EXAMPLE 1
86.67 grams of pure ethyl alcohol was mixed with 13.33 grams of
sorbitan monostearate plus 20 moles of ethylene oxide (polysorbate
60-Tween 60). To a Littleford/Logie blender was added 70 grams of
40 mesh psyllium and 29.60 grams of bran. Also, three grams of the
ethyl alcohol-polysorbate 60 mixture was added and the entire
mixture was blended together to uniformity and until all the bran
and psyllium particles were wetted. At this time the solvent was
removed by air drying to produce a coated psyllium bran mixture
having the following percent composition.
______________________________________ Psyllium 70.0% Bran 29.6%
Polysorbate 60 0.4% ______________________________________
When 5.0 grams of this product was added to 8 ounces (236 ml) of
water, the material quickly dispersed with simple mixing.
EXAMPLE 2
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that the
bran was replaced by the various brans such as red wheat bran,
white wheat bran, oat bran, corn bran and rice bran. Both natural
and roasted brans were used. In each case, similar results to those
observed in Example 1 were obtained.
EXAMPLE 3
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that the
particle size of the bran was varied from exceptionally fine
particles having a particle size less than 106 microns through
large particle flakes (2,000 microns). In each instance similar
results to those obtained in Example 1 were observed.
EXAMPLE 4
A series of coated dietary fibers were prepared using the procedure
of Example 1. These dietary fibers have the final formulation as
set forth in Example 1. In each case, either ethyl alcohol or SDA
35 denatured ethyl alcohol were utilized as the solvent:
TABLE I ______________________________________ Component/ Run A B C
D E F G H ______________________________________ Psyllium 99.70
99.80 99.66 70.00 99.70 -- -- -- Powder (40 Mesh) Bran -- -- --
29.70 -- -- -- -- (425 microns) Wheat Bran -- -- -- -- -- 99.60 --
-- (180 microns) Corn Bran -- -- -- -- -- -- 99.60 -- (250 microns)
Wheat Germ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 99.60 (425 microns) Polysorbate
0.30 -- 0.23 -- -- 0.40 0.40 0.40 60.sub.1 Polysorbate -- 0.20 --
-- -- -- -- -- 80.sub.2 Lecithin -- -- -- 0.30 -- -- -- --
Myvatex.sub.3 -- -- -- -- 0.30 -- -- -- Vegetable Oil -- -- 0.11 --
-- -- -- -- ______________________________________ .sub.1
Polysorbate 60 Sorbitan monostearates plus 20 moles of ethylene
oxide Tween 60. .sub.2 Polysorbate 80 Sorbitan monoleate plus 20
moles of ethylene oxide Tween 80. .sub.3 Myvatex Myvatex Texture
Lite a mixture of distilled propylene glycol monoglycerides,
distilled monogylcerides and sodium stearoyl lactylate available
from Eastman Kodak.
When added to water, each of these formulations were readily
dispersed by simple hand mixing.
EXAMPLE 5
A flavored composition was prepared having the following
formulation:
______________________________________ Coated psyllium-bran mixture
of Example 1 86.573% Citric acid 8.657% Aspartame (Nutri-Sweet - G.
D. Searle) 0.693% Orange flavor 2.597% FD and C yellow No. 6 Lake
0.095% Beta Carotene 1% CWS. 1.385%
______________________________________
This formulation, when added to water, was readily dispersed using
simple stirring and remained drinkable for approximately 5 minutes.
The formulation had a pleasing orange flavor with a hint of
tartness.
EXAMPLE 6
A flavored composition was prepared having the following
formulation:
______________________________________ Coated bran of Example 4.A
81.86% Citric acid 11.69% Aspartame 0.94% Orange flavor 3.51% FD
& C Yellow No. 6 Lake 0.12% Beta Carotene 1%, CWS 1.88%
______________________________________
This formulation was a free flowing powder which was readily
dispersible in water. The resulting composition remained in a
drinkable consistency for at least 5 minutes and had a pleasing
orange flavor with some tartness.
EXAMPLE 7
A flavored composition was prepared having the following
formulation:
______________________________________ Coated bran of Example 4.F
81.86% Citric acid 11.69% Aspartame 0.94% Orange flavor 3.51% FD
& C Yellow No. 6 Lake 0.12% Beta Carotene 1%, CWS 1.88%
______________________________________
This formulation was a free flowing powder which was readily
dispersible in water. The resulting composition remained in a
drinkable consistency for at least 5 minutes and had a pleasing
orange flavor with some tartness.
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