U.S. patent number RE31,643 [Application Number 06/456,257] was granted by the patent office on 1984-08-07 for hold circuit for telephone system.
Invention is credited to Herbert H. Waldman.
United States Patent |
RE31,643 |
Waldman |
August 7, 1984 |
Hold circuit for telephone system
Abstract
A single master unit hold circuit which can be utilized for a
single or a group of telephone instruments connected to a common
telephone line. A single latching circuit is coupled to the
telephone line. The establishment of the hold condition may be
.[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected .Iaddend.in the off-hook state of the
telephone instrument. Each of the telephones of the group has
associated signaling capability. Each telephone can generate an
actuating signal directly onto the telephone line, which is then
detected by the latching circuit, and in response thereto a hold
condition is placed on the telephone line. The hold condition is
.[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected .Iaddend.via the telephone line, by a
momentary actuation of a control circuit common to the hold circuit
and the control circuit; the control circuit being a part of the
telephone instrument call-out circuit network. The signaling can be
accomplished by the rotary dial on a dial phone instrument or by
the push button pad on an instrument sold under the trademark
Touch-Tone, or by means of other types of frequency generating
devices. The hold condition is initiated and established while the
phone instrument is in its off-hook state. Moreover, the active
telephone instrument continues to remain in its voice communication
state, the hold condition having been established, not
withstanding, as long as the telephone receiver is not placed
on-hook. A key feature of the invention is that the off-hook state
and/or voice transmission state of the telephone instrument
constitutes the decisive conduit or channel by which the control
circuit can activate the hold circuit. The hold circuit cannot
readily become activated when the telephone receiver (handset) is
in the on-hook state.
Inventors: |
Waldman; Herbert H. (Brooklyn,
NY) |
Family
ID: |
27038173 |
Appl.
No.: |
06/456,257 |
Filed: |
January 6, 1983 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
Reissue of: |
943679 |
Sep 19, 1978 |
04243844 |
Jan 6, 1981 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
379/352; 379/386;
379/393 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04M
3/523 (20130101); H04M 3/4283 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H04M
3/42 (20060101); H04M 3/50 (20060101); H04M
3/428 (20060101); H04M 3/523 (20060101); H04M
001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;179/81R,99H |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Popek; Joseph A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ostrolenk, Faber, Gerb &
Soffen
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A telephone line hold circuit connected with a telephone line
and at least one telephone instrument connected to said telephone
line for establishing a hold condition on the telephone line, said
telephone instrument having an on-hook state and an off-hook state,
said telephone instrument including switch means for imposing an
electronic actuating signal onto said telephone line independent of
said hold circuit upon manual actuation of said switch means, said
hold circuit comprising, in combination, responsive means and
line-seizure means, said actuating signal causing said responsive
means to produce an output voltage, said output voltage
.[.affecting.]. .Iadd.effecting .Iaddend.activation of said
line-seizure means to seize said telephone line for establishing
said hold condition, and said manual actuation of said switch means
being operative to .[.affect.]. .Iadd.effect .Iaddend.said hold
condition only in said off-hook state .Iadd.of said telephone
instrument.Iaddend..
2. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said telephone instrument is directly connected to said telephone
line independent of said hold circuit, said switch means being an
integral component of said telephone instrument for placing
outgoing calls.
3. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said telephone line includes usual voltage conditions prevalent on
a telephone line, said electronic actuating signal constituting a
momentary line voltage rise and an instantaneous subsequent fall
substantially within a prescribed voltage magnitude range occurring
substantially within a prescribed time period.
4. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said actuating signal is operative to .[.affect.]. .Iadd.effect
.Iaddend.a latched condition of said hold circuit only in said
off-hook state.
5. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein
said switch means includes call-out means to permit outgoing
telephone calls from said telephone instrument, and said call-out
means being utilized to impose said electronic actuating signal
directly onto said telephone line.
6. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein
said line-seizure means includes latching circuit means.
7. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein
said latching circuit means includes a semiconductor latching
element having a pair of current carrying electrodes coupled to the
telephone line, and a control electrode, a load being connected in
series between said current carrying electrodes and the telephone
line, said control electrode being activated in response to said
output voltage to cause current from the telephone line to pass
through said load.
8. A telephone line hold circuit as in claim 7, wherein said load
is a resistive element having a value to .[.affect.]. .Iadd.effect
.Iaddend.a holding voltage across said telephone line.
9. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein
said call-out means includes telephone instrument dial means.
10. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 9, wherein
said telephone line exhibits a higher voltage and a lower voltage,
the voltage magnitude variation being a function of said telephone
instrument condition being in an on-hook or off-hook state,
respectively, and wherein operation of said dial means in said
off-hook state produces said electronic actuating signal as a dial
pulse onto said telephone line .[.affecting.]. .Iadd.effecting
.Iaddend.a momentary voltage rise and fall from said lower voltage
level magnitude to substantially said higher voltage level
magnitude and then back to said lower voltage magnitude, said
voltage rise and fall occurring substantially within a prescribed
time period, and wherein said responsive means senses said voltage
rise and fall producing said output voltage in response
thereto.
11. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 10, wherein
said responsive means includes a dial pulse detection circuit to
sense the presence of said dial pulse.
12. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 11, wherein
said dial pulse detection circuit includes capacitive means and
electronic switching circuit means, said capacitive means being
connected with said switching circuit means, capacitive means in
response to said voltage rise and fall producing an output voltage
pulse causing actuating of said switching circuit means, said
switching circuit means actuating said line-seizure means.
13. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 12, wherein
said capacitive means includes a capacitor having a capacitance
value substantially such as to develop said output voltage pulse in
response to said voltage rise and fall occuring substantially
within said prescribed period.
14. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 13, wherein
said dial pulse detection circuit includes off-on conducting means,
said off-on means being in a non-conductive state during said
higher voltage condition and in a conductive state during said
lower voltage condition, said off-on conducting means switching off
and on in response to said voltage and fall, respectively, and
causing a corresponding discharge and subsequent charge,
respectively, of said capacitor thus generator said output voltage
pulse.
15. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein a
time delay network means is operatively associated with said dial
pulse detection circuit inhibiting said detection circuit for
substantially a predetermined time interval after said lower
voltage condition is first obtained.
16. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 15, wherein
said time delay network includes delay means including capacitive
means having a charge storage property operatively associated with
said off-on conducting means so as to maintain said off-on means in
its non-conductive state when said capacitive means is charged
substantially to a predetermined voltage level.
17. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 11, wherein a
number "1" is dialed on said telephone instrument dial in order to
produce said dial pulse.
18. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 11, wherein
any suitable number is dialed on said telephone instrument dial in
order to produce said dialpulse.
19. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein
said call-out means includes a telephone instrument push button
pad.
20. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 19, wherein
said responsive means includes a frequency signal detection circuit
to sense the presence of a predetermined frequency onto the
telphone line producing said output voltage in response
thereto.
21. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein
release of said hold condition is .[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected
.Iaddend.by rendering said telephone instrument condition into said
on-hook state and, subsequently, into said off-hook state.
22. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein
said switch means upon momentary actuation activates the hold
circuit into a sustained established hold mode, even after said
momentary actuation has been curtailed.
23. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 22, wherein
said telephone instrument is equipped with call-out means for the
purpose of dialing, said call-out means being utilized to function
as the said switch means.
24. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 23, wherein
said responsive means includes a dial pulse detection circuit to
sense the presence of a dial pulse onto the telephone line and
producing said output voltage in response thereto.
25. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 24, wherein
time delay network means is connected with said dial pulse
detection circuit inhibiting said detection circuit for
substantially a predetermined time interval after said off-hook
state is first obtained.
26. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 22, wherein
said line-seizure means includes latching circuit means.
27. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 26, wherein
said latching circuit means includes a semiconductor latching
element having a pair of current carrying electrodes coupled to the
telephone line, and a control electrode, a load being connected in
series between said current carrying electrodes and the telephone
line, said control electrode being activated in response to said
output voltage to cause current from the telephone line to pass
through said load.
28. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 27, and
wherein said load is a resistive element having a value to
.[.affect.]. .Iadd.effect .Iaddend.a holding voltage across said
telephone line.
29. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 27, and
wherein said load includes a visual indicator to .[.affect.].
.Iadd.effect .Iaddend.a holding voltage across said telephone
line.
30. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 29, wherein
said visual indicator has characteristics which result in lighting
of the same upon passage of a predetermined current flow
therethrough, said indicator thereby producing a visual indication
in the activated state of the line-seizure means that said
telephone line is in a seizure mode.
31. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 30, wherein
said visual indicator includes a lamp connected in series with said
line-seizure means in a current conductive mode thereof, whereby
subsequent to the actuation of said hold circuit, an "off-hook"
condition of any one of associated telephone instruments will
reduce brightness of said lamp.
32. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 27, wherein a
capacitor is connected in parallel to said load, for providing a
parallel combination means to ensure that in the hold condition of
said telephone line, a line voltage is developed across said
capacitor to cause said seizure means to release the telephone line
upon rendering of said telephone instrument into its off-hook
condition subsequent to a hold mode condition and consequent
corresponding voltage level magnitude variation of said line
voltage.
33. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 26, wherein
said latching circuit means includes means for releasing said hold
condition in response to sensing an interruption of a existing
connection of said telephone line network with the far-end
telephone line network.
34. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 26, wherein
said line-seizure means further includes means for coupling an
audio signal to said telephone line upon the establishing of said
hold condition.
35. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 26, wherein
said latching circuit means includes means for releasing said hold
condition in response to subsequent rendering of any associated
telephones in an off-hook condition.
36. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein
said telephone instrument remains in voice communication with the
telephone line until it is placed in its on-hook condition, even
though said hold condition is established.
37. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 36, wherein
said hold circuit further includes means for coupling an audio
signal to said telephone line during said hold condition, said
audio signal upon activation of said hold circuit is audible via
said instrument until said instrument is placed into its on-hook
condition.
38. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 37, wherein
said audio signal upon activation of said hold circuit, serves as a
feed-back verification that the hold circuit has been
activated.
39. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 36, wherein
said telephone instrument includes a push button pad; said pad
including and activating said switch means; and when said hold
circuit is activated by operation of said pad, said hold circuit
attenuates the level of said actuating signal to thereby serve as a
feedback verification that the hold circuit has been activated.
40. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 39, wherein
said responsive means includes a frequency signal detection circuit
to sense the presence of a predetermined frequency signal onto the
telephone line producing said output voltage in response
thereto.
41. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 40, wherein
said telephone instrument includes signaling means to generate said
frequency signal onto voice path of the telephone line.
42. A telephone line hood circuit as claimed in claim 40, wherein
said frequency signal includes an audio frequency signal, and
wherein said frequency detection circuit includes means for
detecting said audio frequency signal.
43. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 42, wherein
said audio signal is a multi-tone signal.
44. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 42, wherein
said audio signal is a dual tone signal.
45. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 42, wherein
said audio signal is generated by said push button pad.
46. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein
said hold circuit includes "busy out" means to load said telephone
line for extended periods of time when said "busy out" means is
actuated to provide a "busy" condition on the telephone line
independent of condition of telephone handset.
47. A telephone line hold circuit connected with a telephone line
and at least one telephone instrument connected to said telephone
line and including actuating signal means for establishing a hold
condition on said telephone line, said telephone instrument having
an on-hook state and an off-hook state, said actuating signal means
upon manual actuation imposing an electronic frequency signal onto
said telephone line, said hold circuit including, in combination,
frequency signal responsive means and line-seizure means, said
frequency signal responsive means receiving said electronic
frequency signal and producing an ouptut voltage upon actuation of
said actuating signal means, said output voltage .[.affecting.].
.Iadd.effecting .Iaddend.activation of said line-seizure means to
seize said telephone line .Iadd.for .Iaddend.establishing said hold
condition, and said manual actuation of said actuating signal means
being operative to .[.affect.]. .Iadd.effect .Iaddend.said hold
condition only in said off-hook state .Iadd.of said telephone
instrument.Iaddend..
48. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 47, wherein
said telephone instrument is equipped with a push button pad and
wherein said actuating signal means includes a "star-touch" key of
said pad.
49. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 47, wherein
said telephone instrument is equipped with a push button pad and
wherein said actuating signal means includes a number sign key of
said pad.
50. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 47, wherein
said actuating signal means includes a frequency generator, said
generator when actuated producing an audio frequency signal, said
audio signal being acoustically coupled to said telephone line.
51. A telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 50, wherein
said audio frequency signal is a multi-tone signal. .Iadd. 52. A
telephone line hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, further
comprising a release circuit, including a manually actuable switch,
for releasing said hold condition, said release circuit releasing
said hold condition in response to the manual actuation of said
switch. .Iaddend..Iadd. 53. A telephone line hold circuit as
claimed in claim 1, further including a release circuit for
releasing said hold condition, said release circuit including means
for releasing said hold condition in response to the imposition of
a second successive electronic actuating signal onto said telephone
line by said switch means. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 54. A telephone line
hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hold circuit
further includes means for disabling said hold circuit for a
predetermined time period after said telephone instrument is first
rendered into said off-hook state. .Iaddend..Iadd. 55. A telephone
line hold circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said disabling
means comprises a time delay circuit which inhibits the production
of said output voltage for said predetermined time period.
.Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to telephone holding circuits, and more
particularly to an automatic release telephone hold circuit for a
series of telephones connected to a telephone line.
Telephones with hold features are well known. Generally, these
devices are provided by the telephone company for use on multiline
telephones having a plurality of push buttons on the phone. The
hold circuitry involved in such devices is generally complex in
construction and requires special costly installation. The
telelphone company charges an initial installation fee for
providing the hold equipment and also charges a monthly fee for
such service. The known types of hold devices are of the mechanical
push button type used for both applying the hold condition and for
releasing the hold condition. Specifically, to establish a hold
condition, the hold button is pressed down and immediately the
telephone is put on hold while making the telephone handset
inoperative for voice communication. To release the hold condition
and restore the voice communication, a second mechanical button
must be depressed.
Because of this excessive cost involved in providing a telephone
with a hold feature and because of the complexity of the standard
telephone hold equipment, numerous other types of hold circuits
have been provided and are readily available. The other types of
hold circuits respond to changes in voltage level on the telephone
line to thereby detect an on-hook and off-hook condition of an
associated telephone instrument. The hold circuit, upon actuation,
will either maintain or release its hold mode in response to its
detection of such telephone line voltage level changes. However,
this detection capability differentiating between on-hook and
off-hook voltage levels by prior art hold circuits, requires that
the phone instrument be on-hook in order that the hold circuit
maintain its hold mode subsequent to its actuation. More
specifically, to activate the hold circuit an actuating control
switch after being initially depressed, must be continuously
retained in its depressed condition until after the telephone
handset is replaced on-hook. And, only after that time, will the
higher on-hook voltage cause a latching circuit to maintain the
hold mode on the phone line and only then may the control switch be
released. These types of prior art hold cicuits therefore, in
addition to presenting an inconvenience because of the
aforementioned requirement to maintain the hold button .[.depress
D.]. .Iadd.depressed.Iaddend., are also prone to inadvertent
disconnection of the far-end party if the hold button be released
prematurely.
Another difficulty with many prior art hold circuits is that they
are not automatically released when a telephone is picked up. With
many such hold circuits, it is necessary to go back to the same
telephone on which the hold was set in order to release the hold
condition. Therefore, in a situation were a user wants to place a
telephone on hold so that he can go to another location and pick up
an extension, after completing the telephone call he must return
back to the original telephone in order to release the hold
condition. This inconvenience has also prevented widespread
acceptance of these .[.thpes.]. .Iadd.types .Iaddend.of hold
circuits.
Yet another type of available hold circuit responds to the changes
in voltage levels and also provides an intermediate voltage level
in between the on-hook and off-hook voltages, in order to latch the
hold condition. This type of circuit in addition to requiring that
the actuation control switch be maintained depressed as above
mentioned, has extremely limited use because the actual voltage on
a telephone line will fluctuate over a wide range. The typical -50
volts applied at a central office can vary to as low as -25 volts,
or even less, when the telephone is located at a substantial
distance from the central office. At the same time, the off-hook
voltage can vary from as little as -3 volts to as much as -10
volts, and in some cases -15 volts. Accordingly, the ranges tend to
approach each other providing little intermediate values. As a
result, circuits responsive to an intermediate voltage level can
produce erroneous results because of the variations and
fluctuations of the telephone line voltages existing throughout
various locations.
A further disadvantage of the above mentioned hold circuit is its
requirement for continuous line current drain in its standby
mode.
An improved hold circuit which avoids most of the aforementioned
problems is described in my U.S. Pat. No. 4,001,520, issued Jan. 4,
1977. In that patent there is described an improved hold circuit
which includes a relay having a coil and normally open contacts. A
normally opened momentary contact switch is connected in series
with the relay coil, and the series combination is connected across
the telephone lines. The contact switch is connected in parallel to
the normally opened contacts of the relay. The hold circuit
captures or seizes the telephone lines when the contact switch is
closed, and permits the telephone lines to be released upon
removing the telephone handset offhook. A parallel combination of a
lamp and a capacitor is connected in series between the relay
contacts and the relay coil to ensure automatic release of the
telephone line when any of the telephones connected to the lines
are placed off-hook. An alternate circuit which substitutes a
semiconductor element for the relay is also shown in my above
mentioned patent.
The hold circuit described in my aforementioned patent provides
unique benefits not achieved by any of the prior hold circuits. For
example, in my described improved hold circuit it is not necessary
to maintain the button while the telephone is replaced on-hook. On
the contrary, momentary depression of the hold button immediately
establishes a hold condition even if the telephone is retained
off-hook. Furthermore, even though the hold condition has been
established, the telephone handset still remains active and is
still in voice communication with the telephone line until it is
actually placed back on-hook. However, the hold circuit retains the
line seized.
Additional benefits of the aforementioned hold circuit include the
automatic release of the hold condition upon pick-up of any of the
extension phones from its respective hook. Also, when the far-end
party to the conversation disconnects the telephone line, the
disconnect pulse removes the hold condition. Furthermore, because
of the use of the lamp in the load circuit, there is provided a
visual indication of the operational status of the hold circuit
prior to replacing the telephone on-hook. The lamp can also provide
a visual indication when the circuit releases the hold condition,
and can also provide an indication of eavesdropping on the line,
thereby ensuring the privacy of the conversation.
Further benefits are provided by utilizing the aforementioned hold
circuit, in that in standby, its line current drain is zero. Also,
a great range of voltage fluctuations can be accommodated by the
circuit, and it still operates effectively. All of the
aforementioned prior art systems require that each telephone
instrument have some form of actuating control switch as an add-on
component to the phone instrument in order that same be
conveniently accessible to the user. Moreover, in all of the
aforementioned prior art systems, multiple telephone instruments,
although connected to a common phone line would necessitate
providing a separate and complete hold device for each individual
instrument of the multiple telephone group. The above constitutes
two distinct shortcomings and major disadvantages of the prior art
systems.
The subject invention overcomes both of the above disadvantages. In
the instant invention, the telephone instrument call-out means,
i.e., the rotary dial or push button pad is, employed as the
actuating means to activate the hold circuitry.
Although my aforementioned hold circuit provides unique and
improved benefits over prior art systems, as described in the
aforementioned patent, nevertheless, it is necessary to have a
separate hold circuit for each telephone extension connected on a
particular telephone line. Thus, in a typical system having a
single telephone line with multiple telephone units connected to
that line, each of the telephone units would require its own hold
circuit of the type described. It would therefore be beneficial to
avoid the necessity of multiple holding circuits when a large
number of telephones are connected to the same telphone line.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,011,413 issued Mar. 8, 1977, attempts to solve this
problem by providing a single sensing and latching circuit
connected across the telephone line with a separate actuating
control switch connected to each telephone unit within the system.
The single sensing and latching unit senses the on-hook and
off-hook voltage levels, and also responds to an intermediate
voltage level between the high on-hook voltage and the low off-hook
voltage. Each of the individual control switches .[.affects.].
.Iadd.effects .Iaddend.the intermediate voltage level for detection
by the single sensing and latching unit. However, in order to
achieve the intermediate voltage level, it is necessary to depress
the control switch and maintain it in a depressed condition while
the telephone handset is replaced into its on-hook condition. It is
impossible to only momentarily actuate the control switch in order
to establish the hold condition. The depressed control button must
be so maintained until the receiver is back on-hook before the
intermediate voltage level is generated to cause the latching unit
to seize the line into a hold condition. Moreover, each extension
station must have its own individual add-on custom design control
switch associated with it in order to be able to activate the hold
circuit. Furthermore, the intermediate voltage level is only
applicable for limited telephone systems where the intermediate
range between the on-hook voltage and the off-hook voltage is
sufficiently wide. However, because of the wide fluctuations of
telephone voltages, in most practical situations it will be
extremely difficult to accurately sense the intermediate voltage
level making it extremely difficult to achieve universal accurate
and consistently reproducible hold conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide an
improved hold circuit for a telephone system which avoids the
aforementioned problems of prior art devices.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit which requires only a single hold unit for a telephone line
regardless of the number of telephones associated with that line
and utilizes the rotary dial or push button pad associated with
each phone instrument as the actuating signaling means to activate
the hold circuit.
A further salient object of the instant invention is to provide a
hold circuit which can be activated from any of a plurality of
telephone instruments associated with the hold circuit without
requiring any add-on controls at each instrument or any alterations
or modifications of the instruments.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit which provides automatic audio, such as music, on-hold and
automatic audio shut-off on release of the hold circuitry, where
one single audio source is sufficient for a multiple telephone
instrument system having a plurality of telephone instruments
connected to a common telephone line.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telphone system having a number of telephones
connected to a telephone line, wherein the hold condition is
established by momentarily providing an actuating hold signal when
the telephone is in an off-hook condition.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system having a number of telephones
connected to a telephone line, wherein the existing call-out
portion of the telephone is utilized to generate the actuating hold
signal or pulse, thereby, obviating the need for add-on individual
control switches at every associated extension station.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which is automatically released upon
pick-up of any extension, or by means of a disconnect pulse
provided on the telephone line.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which can be utilized with a wide
range of fluctuating voltages for on-hook and off-hook
conditions.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a multiple telephone system providing a visual
indication of the operation and release of the hold condition.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a multiple telephone system which includes a visual
indicator which can be used to detect eavesdropping by an
unauthorized listener or an extension phone connected to the same
telephone line.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which has a number of telephones
connected to a single telephone line, and includes a hold circuit
on the telephone line which contains an audio frequency detector,
and wherein individual audio frequency means are associated with
each of the individual telephone units for placing an audio signal
on the line implementing a hold condition.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system utilizing a single push button
.Iadd.of a telephone key .Iaddend.pad key as the actuating switch
for initiating a hold condition.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which has a number of telephones
connected to a single telephone line, and includes a hold circuit
on the telephone line which contains a dial pulse detector, and
wherein individual .[.audio frequency.]. dialing means are
associated with each of the individual telephone units for placing
a dial pulse on the line implementing a hold condition.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system utilizing a digit on the telephone
dial as the actuating switch for initiating a hold condition.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which can be activated in a hold
mode by a hand-held tone generator acoustically coupled to the
telephone line.
An additional object of the present invention is to provide a hold
circuit for a telephone system which will permit a telephone
subscriber to "busy out" his telephone line enabling him to
insulate himself from annoying intrusion of telephone calls without
having to remove the telephone handset from its cradle.
According to a broader feature of the invention, there is provided
a hold circuit for a telephone line which includes a plurality of
telephones connected to the telephone line. The hold circuit
comprises responsive means and line seizure means coupled to the
telephone line for establishing a hold condition onto the telephone
line. Each of the telephones has an actuating signaling means
associated with it, which can activate the hold circuit, thereby
establishing the hold condition. The signaling means are operative
when the associated telephone is in an off-hook condition.
In an embodiment of the invention, the signaling means generates an
audio signal onto the voice path of the telephone to activate the
hold circuit. The hold circuit includes a frequency detector which
detects a particular audio frequency and in response thereto
activates a latching device which places the hold condition onto
the telephone line. When a a telephone sold under the trademark
Touch-Tone is being utilized, one of the used keys of the push
button system can be utilized as the hold button to provide the
frequency signal onto the telephone line.
In an embodiment of the invention, the line seizure means includes
a semiconductor latching element with its main current carrying
electrodes coupled to the telephone lines. A load is connected in
series between the latching electrodes and the telephone line. The
load consists of a resistive element such as a resistor and/or
visual indicator. A capacitor is connected in parallel with the
load. The capacitor is effective to ensure that the voltage
developed across the capacitor causes the semiconductor latching
element to become de-energized and the resultant release of the
telphone line by the latching element upon the rendering of a
telephone in an off-hook condition subsequent to an on-hook hold
mode condition of the telephone.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
With the above and additional objects and advantages in view, as
will hereinafter appear, this invention comprises the devices,
combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described by way
of example and illustrated in the accompanying drawings of a
preferred embodiment in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing showing a push button type telephone
system which utilizes the hold circuit of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the hold circuit in accordance with
the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of an electrical circuit showing one
embodiment of the hold circuit of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of another embodiment of the hold
circuit utilized as part of the line seizure circuit means of the
present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of a further embodiment of the hold
circuit for use as part of the line seizure circuit means of the
present invention, and including an external audio source
feature.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show alternate embodiments of frequency detection
circuits for use in the responsive circuit means of the present
invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic drawing showing a rotary dial type telephone
system which utilizes the hold circuit of the present
invention.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the hold circuit for use in the system
shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing of an electrical circuit showing an
embodiment of the hold circuit of the present invention useful for
a rotary dial system, and
FIGS. 11-13B show graphic representations useful in explaining the
operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 11A showing the
line voltage and FIG. 11B showing the voltage at point D along a
time axis as a function of the disposition of the telephone
handset; FIG. 12A showing the line voltage, FIG. 12B showing the
voltage at Point A and FIG. 12C showing the voltage at Point C
along a time axis as a function of placing the circuit in a hold
condition by dialing the number "1"; and FIG. 13A showing the line
voltage and FIG. 13B showing the voltage at point A along a time
axis as a function of the complete hold cycle.
In the various figures of the drawing, like reference characters
designate like parts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIG. 1 there is shown a general telephone system
to which the present invention finds use. The system includes a
pair of telephone lines 12, 14 to which are connected a number of
individual telephone sets 16, 18, 20. The telephone lines
interconnect to a central office through which calls can be made
and received by means of the telephone lines. Telephones sold under
the trademark Touch-Tone are shown in this embodiment, and in a
subsequent embodiment, the invention will be described in
connection with rotary dial phones. However, the invention is also
applicable to repetitory dialers, etc.
Although there are shown a number of individual telephones, a
single hold circuit 22 is utilized and is connected directly across
the telephone lines 12, 14. Additionally, each of the telephones
has its own signaling circuit 24, 26, 28 through which a hold
signal can be applied and sent directly onto the telephone lines
12, 14 to be detected by the hold circuit 22, to thereby establish
a hold condition on the lines 12, 14. Although separate signaling
circuits 24, 26 and 28 are shown each with its own hold button, as
will be appreciated hereinafter, these signaling circuits can be
eliminated and one of the Touch-tone dial keys on the Touch-tone
dialer can be utilized to apply the hold signal. For example, the
"star" key which is provided on the Touch-tone system and is
generally not used for conventional dialing can be utilized as the
actuating switch to apply its .[.single.]. .Iadd.signal
.Iaddend.onto the telephone line to be detected by the hold circuit
thereby establishing the hold condition. It should also be
appreciated that the signaling circuit need not be connected to the
individual telephone units. Because the audio channel of the
telephone lines are utilized for sending the signal to the hold
circuit, a hand held frequency generator can be brought close to
the telephone receiver and a given audio frequency signal
transmitted through the receiver onto the telephone line will also
serve the purpose of providing an activating signal for
establishing the hold condition.
As is evident from FIG. 1, although a number of individual
telephones are contained within the telephone system and connected
to the same telephone lines, only a single hold circuit is needed
for the entire system. Thus, only one hold circuit is needed for
each telephone line regardless of the number of telephone
extensions connected to that telephone line. All that is necessary
is that each of the individual telephones connected to that line
have a signaling means to send a particular audio frequency signal
onto the telephone line which can then be detected by the hold
circuit. Such signaling means can either be by a separate button,
as shown, or by a Touch-tone key as described, or by a hand held
frequency generator as heretofore mentioned.
It should also be appreciated that since a signal is sent onto the
telephone lines itself, that such signal can be sent only while the
individual telephone is in an off-hook condition and is activated
to be in voice communication with the telephone line. Thus, whether
it be the Touch-tone key or a separate hold button, the button need
only be depressed momentarily in order to generate the audio
frequency. Such button is depressed while the telephone receiver is
maintained in its off-hook condition. The button does not have to
be continuously depressed until the telephone is returned to its
on-hook condition.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a block diagram of the hold
circuit 22 wherein it is noted that the hold circuit includes two
basic sections, namely responsive means 38 and line seizure means
40. The responsive means 38 is connected to the telephone lines 12,
14 and includes a frequency detector whereby it can detect various
audio frequencies placed on the line, so that the responsive means
38 is also considered to function as sensing means. The frequency
detector is preset to detect a single one or a multiple of
frequencies and produces an output voltage on line 42 in response
to such detection. By way of example, if a Touch-tone telephone is
utilized and one of the keys is assigned for use as the hold
button, the responsive means will comprise frequency detection
means for detecting two frequencies. As is well known, a Touch-tone
signal is a multifrequency tone having two separate audio
frequencies. Each of the two frequencies of each Touch-tone key are
unique. Therefore, the unique two frequencies making up the
predetermined Touch-tone key serving as the actuating button will
be detected by the responsive means 38 and the output voltage is
impressed onto line 42. Additionally, any other type of audio
frequency generator can be utilized to provide a predetermined
signal at an individual telephone. If, for example, a hand held
signal generator is utilized, a single frequency will be sent onto
the telephone line and will be detected by the frequency detectors.
It is noticed, however, that rather than detecting voltages on the
telephone line, specific frequencies are detected on the line for
actuating the hold circuit. It is therefore evident that the voice
channel of the telephone line is being utilized rather than its
voltage characteristics.
The voltage on line 42 is applied to the line seizure means 40 to
actuate it whereby a predetermined resistance is placed across the
telephone lines to simulate the resistance of an .[.on-hook.].
.Iadd.off-hook .Iaddend.telephone. thus, although the telephone can
be returned to its on-hook condition, the effective resistance
placed by the hold circuit on the telephone lines will be
sufficient to hold and seize the telephone lines so that the
telephone conversation will remain on the telephone line without
being disconnected.
The hold circuit will keep the line seized under a hold condition
until one of the telephones in the system are taken off-hook,
whereby automatic release of the hold condition will be effected.
Additionally, if the far-end party at the other end of the
telephone line should hang up his phone, a disconnect pulse would
be applied to the telephone line which would also automatically
release the hold condition.
Although numerous types of frequency detectors and hold circuits
could be utilized to carry out the aforedescribed invention, as
well as numerous types of signaling circuits to impose the audio
signal on the line, FIG. 3 represents one embodiment which has been
tested and found effective in carrying out the aforementioned
features of the present invention. Referring now to FIG. 3, the
ring and tip pair of the telephone lines 12, 14 are connected by
means of a telephone phone jack 44 to the hold circuit 22.
Capacitors 46 and 48 respectively serve as the audio path in order
to pass the audio frequency signal voltage. A rectifier 50 formed
of four diodes 49 is connected in a bridge arrangement. This
affords the advantage that the hold circuit 22 may be connected to
the telephone lines 12, 14 without regard to polarity.
The signal from the telephone line passes from the upper line 56
which extends from the telephone line 12, to the responsive means
38 which comprises two phase lock loops 52, 54 formed of integrated
circuit chips. The phase lock loops are coupled to the upper line
56 which extends from telephone line 12, through the capacitor 58
which provides a suitable frequency path for maximum efficiency.
Resistors 60, 62 feed the signals to each of the phase lock loops
52, 54. The fixed resistors 64, 68 are each provided with a
potentiometer 70, 72 extending therefrom to permit tuning and
adjusting of the phase lock loops 52, 54 to respond to specific
frequencies to be detected. Capacitors 74, 76 respectively couple
each phase lock loop to the bottom line 78 which extends from
telephone line 14. Capacitors 80 and 82 associated with phase lock
loop 52, and 84 and 86 associated with phase lock loop 54 provide
appropriate delays and frequency discrimination to avoid detection
of speech signals. The phase lock loops are energized by means of a
DC supply applied at 88 sent through a circuit protection diode 90
and a filtering capacitor 92.
The output from the phase lock loops on lines 94, 96 are sent to a
combined inverter and gating circuit 98. The inverter and gating
circuit 98 includes inverters 104 and 106 which receive the signals
from the phase lock loops and provide both signal outputs to NAND
gate 108. The output from the NAND gate is sent across resistor 110
to the inverter 112. The combination of capacitor 114 and resistor
110 acts as a time delay to assure the validity of the desired
frequency.
The output from the inverter and gating circuit 98 is fed to the
line .[.seizer.]. .Iadd.seizure .Iaddend.circuit 40. The output
from .[.invert.]. .Iadd.inverter .Iaddend. 112 passes through the
resistor 116 to the control electrode of an SCR 118 whose current
carrying electrodes are respectively placed in series with a load
resistor 120 and interconnected across the telephone line
extensions 56, 78. Capacitor 121 connected across the control
electrode is an RF by-pass to eliminate RF fluctuations and
interference or noise transients which may be generated in the
circuit. Resistor 116 serves as a current limiting resistor and
provides a return path for the control electrode current.
The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 3 is as follows. When a
preselected audio frequency pair serving as the hold signal is
placed on the telephone line, the frequency detector having its
phase lock loop tuned to these frequencies will detect the presence
of these frequencies on the telephone line. The signal will be sent
through the inverter and gating circuit 98 to send a pulse to the
SCR 118 to turn it on. The SCR will immediately conduct causing
current to pass through the resistive load 120 and place the load
across the telephone lines. The load is set to effect a duplication
of the off-hook resistance of a telephone. It should be noted, that
although the hold condition is .[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected
.Iaddend.as soon as current passses through the SCR, the individual
telephone units remain active and continue in voice communication
with the telephone line until the telephone set is placed on its
on-hook condition. The line nevertheless will remain held by the
hold circuit 22. Subsequently, a disconnect pulse on the line
caused by the other party to the conversation hanging up, will
cause an interruption of the current flow in the telephone line
upon hang-up or shortly thereafter. This will immediately reduce
the current through the SCR below its holding value and will turn
off the SCR so that the holding condition is removed from the
circuit. In order to remove the holding circuit without a
disconnect pulse, a manual switch .Iadd.SW1 .Iaddend.could be
included to turn off the SCR. Such manual switch could be placed in
series with the SCR. Alternatively, a Zener diode could be placed
in series with the SCR having a holding voltage greater than the
off-hook voltage of the telephone set. In this manner, when one of
the telephones are placed off-hook, there will be insufficient
voltage to hold the Zener diode .Iadd.D1 .Iaddend.and the SCR will
turn off. A separate switch or separate tone generator could also
be utilized at each telephone set which would generate a second
frequency to cause the SCR to turn off. By using a flip-flop
(.Iadd.not shown).Iaddend., the same frequency could be utilized,
whereby upon the first application of the frequency signal the hold
condition is placed on the line, and with application of a second
occurrence of the same frequency signal the hold condition could be
removed from the line. Alternate modifications could be conceived
by those skilled in the art to effect automatic release of the
circuit shown in FIG. 3.
Referring now to FIG. 4 there is shown an alternate type of line
seizure circuit 40a which includes as the load an indicator shown
as light 122 in series with a resistor 124 and including a
capacitor 126 in parallel across the series combination of the lamp
and the resistor. With the inclusion of the lamp and capacitor,
there is ensured an automatic release of the holding condition upon
placing of any one of the extension telephones in an off-hook
condition.
When the hold condition is to be established, as before, the
appropriate audio frequency tone is placed upon the telephone line
which is then detected by the frequency detector causing the gate
electrode of the SCR 118 to be triggered, thereby switching the SCR
into conduction. At that time, current immediately will flow
through the SCR and at the same time the indicator light 122 will
immediately turn on. The capacitor begins to charge to the series
voltage across the load combination of the light 122 and resistor
124. Since the SCR has very little voltage across it, substantially
all of the telephone line voltage will be developed across the load
combination 122, 124. Accordingly, as long as the telephone is
maintained off-hook the capacitor voltage will charge to
substantially the off-hook voltage. However, when the telephone is
placed in the on-hook position, the on-hook voltage is
substantially larger in magnitude, so that the capacitor voltage
charges to this larger value, whereby the voltage across the
capacitor exceeds in magnitude the lower voltage across the
telephone lines when the telephone handset is removed off-hook.
Subsequently, when one of the telephones is removed off the hook,
the voltage across the line suddenly drops to a lower magnitude.
However, since the voltage across the capacitor cannot change
instantaneously, there is an instantaneous reversal of voltages
across the SCR which immediately turns off the SCR so that it
becomes non-conductive thereby removing the load from the telephone
lines and releasing the hold condition.
By way of example only, if the on-hook voltage is -25 volts,
substantially all of this voltage would be across the capacitor
126. When the holding party wants to resume talking, and thus
removes the telephone handset off-hook, the terminal voltage across
the telephone line drops to approximately -5 volts. The voltage
across the capacitor remains momentarily at -25 volts, and
therefore the voltage across the SCR must become equal to
approximately +20 volts. This sudden reversal of voltage across the
SCR immediately turns it off thereby releasing the hold
condition.
It should be noted at this juncture that the resistor 124 is not a
mandatory component of the load network. A lamp of appropriate
resistive value would suffice. Conversely, the lamp may also be
replaced by an appropriate resistor of a suitable ohmic value.
Referring now to FIG. 5 there is shown the possibility of including
an external audio sound onto the telephone line upon
.[.affecting.]. .Iadd.effecting .Iaddend.the hold condition. In
FIG. 5, connected in series between the load circuit and the SCR is
a transformer 125 having a primary 128 and a secondary 130 with
resistor 132 connected across the primary. An audio source 136 is
connected to the secondary. The audio source can be a tape deck, a
radio, or any other source of audio sound.
When the SCR 118 is activated to cause current to pass through the
load circuit, thereby placing the hold condition on the line,
current will also pass through the primary, energizing the
transformer to cause the audio source to be coupled to the
telephone line. By making the audio source music, there is provided
a music-on hold condition. Additionally, new or other type of audio
can be provided so that whenever the hold condition is established,
the audio sound will be impressed onto the telephone line. Of
course, upon release of the holding circuit, the audio source will
no longer be impressed onto the telephone line.
The audio impressed onto the telephone line serves as well as a
feed-back verification to a user of the instant invention that the
hold circuitry has in fact successfully been activated from the
actuating means.
In the case of a Touch-tone telephone instrument, activation of the
hold circuit by a touch key will result in attenuation of the
Touch-tone signal level thereby serving as a verification feed-back
to a user that the hold condition has been successfully
established.
Although a phase lock loop has been shown for use as a frequency
detector, other types of frequency detectors can be utilized as is
well known in the art. For example as shown in FIG. 6, a tank
circuit can be utilized as the frequency detector, and include the
inductive coil 138 in parallel with the capacitor 140 to provide a
tuned frequency detector. In FIG. 7 there is shown a variable
frequency detector, including the inductive coil 142 and the
variable capacitor 144 forming the variable tank circuit.
Similarly, other types of frequency detectors could be utilized
depending upon the tone and the number of frequency signals.
Referring now to FIG. 8, there is shown a telephone system
including individual telephones 150, 152, 154, each of the
rotary-dial type telephone. Each of these telephones are
interconnected to the telephone lines 156, 158 which in turn
interconnect to a central office. A hold circuit 160 is connected
onto the telephone lines 156, 158. A single hold circuit 160 will
be utilized for all of the various telephone extensions connected
onto the telephone lines 156, 158.
Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown a block diagram of the hold
circuit 160, interconnected to the telephone lines 156, 158. The
hold circuit includes a line seizure means 162, of a type similar
to that previously described in connection with the Touch-tone type
system. There is also included a dialing pulse detector 164 which
receives a signal from a disabling timer 166.
In operation, the disabling timer 166 detects when the telephone is
removed from an on-hook condition and placed in an off-hook
condition. At that time it provides a timed delay which can be
adjusted to a predetermined length. this delay is provided
sufficiently long to permit the dialing of a complete telephone
number. Following this predetermined timing delay, the timer then
activates the dialing pulse detector 164 which can now detect any
further numbers that are dialed onto the telephone line 64 of the
rotary dialer. When such further number is dialed, the dialing
pulse detector will detect that number and in response thereto
activate the line seizure means 162 to place it into a hold
condition. 171 subsequently.]. .Iadd.Subsequently.Iaddend., when
the telephone .Iadd.instrument .Iaddend.is placed in an on-hook
condition, the hold is retained onto the line. When the telephone
is then placed again in an off-hook condition, or when the called
party disconnects the telephone call, the line seizure means will
release the line and remove the hold condition.
Specifically, by way of example, the disabling timer can be set at
approximately one minute. Thus, when one of the telephones
interconnected to the telephone lines 156, 158 is placed in an
off-hook condition, the disabling timer 166 begins counting the one
minute time period. During this time there is sufficient
opportunity for the user to dial a telephone number as desired.
There will probably be sufficient time for the number to begin
ringing and for the telephone conversation to begin. At the end of
the one minute predetermined time, the dialing pulse detector 164
is enabled.
The dialing pulse detector 164 will monitor the telephone line for
the entry of a further telephone number. By way of example, and for
simplification purposes, the number "1" is utilized to activate the
hold circuit. Therefore, after the one minute disabling time
period, at any further time during the conversation when the user
desires to place his telephone in a hold condition, all he need do
is to dial the number "1" on his rotary dialer. The dialing pulse
detector 164 will detect such number "1" being dialed, and will
cause the line seizure means to place the telephone in a hold
condition.
As heretofore explained, once the line seizure means is activated,
even if the telephone remains off-hook, the line is potentially in
a hold condition. Voice communication can continue until the
telephone is placed into its on-hook condition. At that time, the
telephone line will not be released but will be held by means of
the line seizure means. Subsequently, upon the placing of any of
the telephones connected to the telephone lines in an off-hook
condition, the line seizure means will release the line.
Although the number "1" has been selected for operation of the
circuit, it will be understood that the dialing of any other number
could similarly activate the dialing pulse detector and place the
hold condition on the telephone line. It is therefore appreciated
that no extra activating circuits need be included at any of the
extensions, and the rotary dialer itself on any of the telephone
extensions can be utilized for the purpose of activating the single
hold circuit. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that a single
hold circuit is all that is needed for placing the hold circuit on
the line.
Referring now to FIG. 10, there is shown one embodiment of an
electrical schematic of the hold circuit 160 which includes the
disabling timer, shown within the dotted lines 166, the dialing
pulse detector, shown within the dotted lines 164, and the line
seizure means 162. The telephone lines 156, 158 are interconnected
to the hold circuit 160 by means of the switching unit 168. A
reversal type switching device is utilized in order to ensure that
the upper line 170, which is an extension of telephone line 156,
will have the positive voltage, while the lower line 172, acting as
an extension of telephone line 158, will be on the negative side.
Connected across the telephone line is a capacitor 174. The upper
end of the capacitor, designated as the point D is coupled to the
upper line 170 by means of the resistor 176 and the reverse diode
178. A further reverse diode 180 is connected between the positive
side of the capacitor 174 and the negative side of the telephone
line. Resistors 182 and 184 are connected in series and the series
circuit placed in parallel across the capcitor 174.
Interconnected to the point D are reverse back-to-back diodes 186
and 188 with center point therebetween being connected by means of
the resistor 190 to the positive line 170. the Darlington PNP
amplifiers 192 and 194 are so connected that the input base 196 of
the Darlington amplifiers is connected to the positive side of the
diode 188. The emitter 198 of the amplifiers is connected to the
positive side of a battery supply 200. The collectors are connected
to a point designated A, to which is also connected a capacitor 202
in parallel with a resistor 204.
A capacitor 206 is connected in series between the output of the
Darlington amplifiers and the input of an NPN transistor 208. Base
resistors 210 and 212 are connected to the transistor 208. The
negative side of the capacitor 206 is designated as the point
C.
The output of the transistor 208 passes through a voltage divider
214, 216, which feeds, at point B, the gate of an SCR 218. In
series with the SCR is resistor 220, indicator lamp 222, and
resistor 224. Capacitor 226 is placed across the series connected
lamp 222 and resistor 224. A transformer, shown generally at 228,
interconnects a speaker, such as a radio or other source of music
through the coupling connector 230. A capacitor 232 in parallel
with a resistor 234 is connected across the base-emitter of the
Darlington amplifiers.
The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 10 will best be
understood by reference to the graphs shown in FIGS. 11-13. When
the telephone is initially on-hook, the magnitude of the line
voltage is typically approximately 50 volts. This is shown in FIG.
11A. At that time, the capacitor 174 will be in a steady state
condition, being charged at the 50 volts through the diode 178.
Thus, in a normal on-hook condition, the voltage at point D will be
approximately 50 volts as shown in FIG. 11B.
When the phone is removed off-hook, the voltage on the line drops
from its 50 volt level down to approximately 8 volts. The capacitor
174 is then permitted to discharge on the one hand through
resistors 182, 184 and at the same time through resistor 190
passing through the diode 186. The discharge time of the capacitor
is so arranged as to be sufficiently long to permit the dialing of
additional numbers. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A, if a number
such as number "3" is dialed on the rotary dialer of the telephone,
three short 50 millisecond pulses will appear on the line each
having an amplitude of up to 50 volts. These pulses will cause the
capacitor to have a slight increase in voltage, however, after that
slight increase the voltage on the capacitor will continue to
decay.
In this manner, the capacitor continues to discharge at a rate
sufficiently long to permit the dialing of all the numbers desired
in the telephone number being called. After such dialing, the
voltage on the capacitor will continue to discharge down to the 8
volt level.
When the telephone is in its off-hook condition, and with the
capacitor continuing to discharge, the voltage on the capacitor
will reach a point, for example, approximately 16 volts, at which
the voltage at the interconnection between the diodes 186 and 188
will be insufficiently low to cause the transistors 192 and 194 to
conduct. As the conduction continues and the transistors 192 and
194 turn on, the voltage at point A at the output of the
transistors will rise to the voltage provided by the battery supply
200, for example 18 volts. Once the transistors 192, 194 are fully
turned on, the 18 volts will remain held at the point A. This
voltage is shown in the graph in FIG. 12B which shows the voltage
at point A.
When the user wishes to place the circuit in a hold condition, he
dials a number on his rotary dialer, for example, the number "1".
The dialing of the number "1" will immediately place a 50
millisecond pulse of approximately 50 volts onto the line, as shown
in FIG. 12A. The sudden increase in the voltage across the lines
170, 172 raises the voltage at the input to the transistors 192 and
194 to momentarily cut off the transistors, suddenly reducing the
output at the point A down to a zero value. However, after the
passage of the single pulse, the voltage on the line will again
return to its 8 volt off-hook level and again the transistors 192,
194 will immediately be returned to their steady state on
condition, whereby the voltage at point A immediately rises back to
the 18 volts. This is shown in FIG. 12B.
During the on time of amplifiers 192 and 194, when the voltage at
point A is held at a constant 18 volts, there is no voltage across
the capacitor 206. However, as the sudden negative pulse appears at
the point A, at the negative side of the capacitor 206, indicated
as point C, there will appear first a negative spike of -18 volts
followed by a positive spike of +18 volts, as shown in FIG. 12C.
The sudden appearance of the spikes at point C causes the
transistor 208 to turn on, whereby current is sent to the gate of
the transistor 218 at the point B to turn on the SCR 218.
The line seizure means 162 is noted to be substantially identical
to that previously described, as for example in FIG. 4. Once the
SCR 218 is turned on it will permit charging of the capacitor 226
as well as permit current passing through the resistor 224 and the
lamp 222. Therefore, the lamp 222 will immediately turn on
providing a visual indication that the hold circuit has been
energized. The capacitor 226 will also charge sufficiently to
ensure disconnection of the hold circuit subsequently after the
telephone is returned on-hook and then removed off-hook.
FIG. 13 shows the complete hold cycle of the line voltage, as well
as the voltage at point A at the output of the transistors 192,
194. Initially, in the on-hook condition 50 volts appears on the
line. The capacitor 174 will be charged to the 50 volts. When the
telephone is removed off-hook, the voltage drops to approximately 8
volts and the capcitor will begin discharging. After the sufficient
time, as provided, the capacitor will discharge sufficiently to
turn on the transistors 192, 194 whereby the voltage at point A
will begin to rise to the voltage of the battery, approximately 18
volts. It will remain at the 18 volt level until the user wants to
place the hold condition on the line. The user will then dial "1"
on his rotary dialer, which causes the voltage at point A to
suddenly drop and then return to its 18 volt level. This will
trigger the line seizure means to place a hold condition on the
line. As shown in FIG. 13A, the hold condition is placed on the
line, however, voice communication can continue. When the telephone
is subsequently placed on-hook the hold condition on the line will
keep the voltage below the 50 volts, and approximately 22 volts, as
shown, whereby the line will be held even though the phone is
returned on-hook.
When any of the telephones connected to the telephone line are
subsequently removed off-hook, the voltage again drops down to the
8 volt level.
The capcitor 202 connected to the point A is used as a pulse or
transient depressor. The capacitor 232 serves as an RF transient
depressor. The use of the diode 178 helps to maintain the charge on
the capacitor 174 at the 50 volt level, as desired, during the
steady state operation. The use of the additional resistors in the
line 182 and 184 provide isolation of the phone line from the
present circuit. The additional resistors shown in FIG. 10 are
utilized in conjunction with standard procedure for biasing the
various transistors as is known in the art.
In the various line seizure circuits as shown, there is included a
lamp indicator as part of the load circuitry. Utilizing the
indicator lamp, it is possible to provide an indication when the
hold condition has been effected. As soon as the hold condition is
produced, the indicator light bulb will illuminate. Also, when the
hold condition is released, the lamp light will be eliminated.
Additionally, the lamp can provide an indication of when someone is
eavesdropping. When the hold signal is effected, the lamp will be
illuminated dimly. When the telephone is placed onto its cradle the
lamp will illuminate brightly. However, while the telephone is
off-hook the hold circuit can be .[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected
.Iaddend.whereby the lamp will be illuminated dimly. Then, should
someone pick up an extension, the lamp will provide even further
reduction in illumination, thereby giving an indication that
someone has picked up an extension.
Using any of the aforedescribed hold circuits, it is also possible
to "busy out" a telephone line to prevent disturbances due to
telephone rings. This may be achieved by the subscriber having an
above described type of hold circuit and dialing his own telephone
number. A busy signal appears on the line. If the hold circuit is
now .[.affected.]. .Iadd.effected .Iaddend.and the handset is
placed on-hook, the busy line should continue indefinitely until
the telephone handset is placed off the hook. The circuits thus
permit the telephone handset to be on-hook without removing the
"busy" line condition. Also, since the telephone handset is not
merely left "off the hook" as is typically done to prevent ringing,
the loud disturbing "off-hook" signals are avoided.
Numerous alterations of the structure herein disclosed will suggest
themselves to those skilled in the art. However, it is to be
understood that the present disclosure relates to a preferred
embodiment of the invention which is for purposes of illustration
only and is not to be construed as a limitation of the
invention.
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