U.S. patent number RE38,985 [Application Number 09/833,269] was granted by the patent office on 2006-02-14 for environment monitoring system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to PureChoice, Inc.. Invention is credited to Joey F. Boatman, Bryan S. Reichel.
United States Patent |
RE38,985 |
Boatman , et al. |
February 14, 2006 |
Environment monitoring system
Abstract
An environment monitoring system and method for systematically
and continuously monitoring an environment. The system and method
includes a data acquisition system which is programmed to
systematically collect .[.environment.]. .Iadd.air quality
environmental .Iaddend.data .Iadd.and non-weather data .Iaddend.for
a site. The data acquisition system includes sensors coupled to a
data storage device having a remote access device for electronic
access from a remote system. Data may be uploaded to a remote
database for storing environment data from many sites. The remote
database includes a remote access device so that the data storage
devices of various data acquisition sites can be electronically
coupled to the remote database for centralized data collection and
storage.
Inventors: |
Boatman; Joey F. (Boulder,
CO), Reichel; Bryan S. (Oak Curve, MN) |
Assignee: |
PureChoice, Inc. (Lakeville,
MN)
|
Family
ID: |
25216022 |
Appl.
No.: |
09/833,269 |
Filed: |
April 5, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
Reissue of: |
08814794 |
Mar 10, 1997 |
05892690 |
Apr 6, 1999 |
|
Reissue of: |
90/006386 |
Sep 18, 2002 |
05892690 |
Apr 6, 1999 |
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
700/276; 700/278;
702/188; 700/17; 379/102.01; 340/870.02; 707/999.01 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G05B
19/4185 (20130101); G05B 19/042 (20130101); G05B
21/02 (20130101); G05B 23/0264 (20130101); G05B
2219/2638 (20130101); G05B 2219/31205 (20130101); Y02P
90/18 (20151101); G05B 2219/21035 (20130101); G05B
2219/31156 (20130101); G05B 2219/31186 (20130101); Y02P
90/02 (20151101); Y02P 90/22 (20151101) |
Current International
Class: |
G06F
17/00 (20060101); G05B 23/02 (20060101); G06F
15/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;702/188
;340/870.01,870.02,870.03 ;700/276,278,17 ;707/1,10
;379/102.01,102.02 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
MPM-4100 IAQ Solopac: Indoor Air Quality Measurement System,
brochure, Solomat, a Neotronics company, Norwalk, Connecticut,
1994. cited by examiner .
Q-Com, Inc., California, brochure. No date. cited by
examiner.
|
Primary Examiner: Hilten; John S.
Assistant Examiner: Bui; Bryan
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Faegre & Benson LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An air quality monitoring system comprising: a data acquisition
system for collecting air quality data at a data acquisition site,
said data acquisition system including: at least one sensor for
measuring .Iadd.environmental .Iaddend.air quality data; .Iadd.a
second plurality air quality sensor adapted to measure non-weather
data;.Iaddend. a data storage device coupled to the sensor for
storing data measured by the sensor; a remote access device coupled
to the data storage device for electronically accessing measured
data stored on the data storage device from a remote system;
.[.means for converting sensor data to an air quality measurement
based upon sensor type;.]. a remote database for storing air
quality data from a plurality of data acquisition systems; a remote
access device coupled to the remote database for electronically
accessing the remote database for uploading and storing measured
data from data acquisition sites; and means for systematically and
automatically uploading data from acquisition sites to the remote
database.
2. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 including a
plurality of sensors at a data acquisition site, said plurality of
sensors being coupled to the data storage device.
3. The air quality monitoring system of claim 2 wherein the sensors
are fixedly installed at distributed locations at a site and
coupled to the data storage device.
4. The air quality monitoring system of claim 3 wherein the sensors
output a voltage signal proportional to the measured air quality
and a voltage to current converter is included to convert the
voltage to current to transmit the measurement to a processing
device for storage by a data storage device.
5. The air quality monitoring system of claim 4 wherein the remote
database includes a system for converting the voltage to an air
quality measurement.
6. The air quality monitoring system of claim 2 and including a
site controller coupled to the sensors and programmed to
systematically initiate collection of environment data at defined
intervals from the sensors and storing said data to the data
storage device.
7. The air quality monitoring system of claim 2 including a
plurality of sensors which measure different air quality attributes
coupled to a data storage device and means for converting the
measurements to air quality data based upon the sensor type of the
measured data.
8. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the sensor
includes an ionizing particle sensor device.
9. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the sensor
includes a volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor.
10. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the air
quality data is stored via a site identification number on the
remote database.
11. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the remote
database is coupled to a printer for generating reports of the air
quality data.
12. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the remote
database is coupled to a distributed wide area network for remote
access to the database.
13. The air quality monitoring system of claim 12 wherein the
environment data is stored by site and is accessible through the
distributed wide area network by password codes.
14. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the site
controller is programmed to initiate remote electronic
communications with the remote database to upload data.
15. The air quality monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the remote
database includes a controller programmed to initiate remote
electronic communications with the data storage devices of various
sites for uploading data from the various sites to the remote
database.
16. A method for monitoring air quality comprising the steps of:
providing a data acquisition system at a data acquisition site
including at least one sensor for measuring .Iadd.environmental
.Iaddend.air quality data .Iadd.and a second plurality air quality
sensor adapted to measure non-weather data, both the at least one
sensor and the second plurality air quality sensor .Iaddend.coupled
to a data storage device, said data storage device including a
remote access device for electronic remote access to the data
storage device; providing a remote database for storing air quality
data from various data acquisition sites, said remote database
including a remote access device for electronically remotely
accessing the database; collecting a measurement from a sensor;
transmitting the measurement to the data storage device at the data
acquisition site for storage; automatically electronically
connecting to the remote database and uploading the measurement
data to the remote database for storage.[.; and.]. .[.converting
measurements to air quality data based upon sensor type and storing
the air quality data in the remote database.]. .
17. The method for monitoring air quality of claim 16 wherein air
quality data is uploaded to and stored in the remote database
according to data acquisition site.
18. The method for monitoring air quality of claim 16 wherein the
data acquisition site includes a plurality of sensors and including
the steps of: measuring air quality data via a plurality of
sensors; transmitting the air quality data from the sensors to the
data storage device at the data acquisition site.
19. The method for monitoring air quality of claim 16 including the
steps of: generating measured air quality data reports by data
acquisition site; and printing measured air quality data
reports.
20. The method of claim 16 sand including the steps of: measuring a
plurality of air quality attributes via a plurality of different
sensors; and converting the measurements to air quality data based
upon the sensor type.
.Iadd.21. An air quality monitoring system comprising: a data
acquisition system programmed to collect air quality data at a data
acquisition site, the data acquisition system comprising: a first
air quality sensor for measuring environmental data; a second
plurality air quality sensor adapted to measure non-weather data; a
data storage device coupled to the air quality sensor; a first
remote access device coupled to the data storage device adapted to
provide remote electronic access to the air quality data in the
data acquisition system; a remote data collection system programmed
to receive the air quality data from a plurality of data
acquisition systems, the remote data collection system comprising:
a remote database programmed to store air quality data from the
plurality of data acquisition systems; a second remote access
device; and a controller programmed to systematically and
automatically store air quality data from the data acquisition
systems in the remote database..Iaddend.
.Iadd.22. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
air quality sensors are installed at distributed locations at the
data acquisition site..Iaddend.
.Iadd.23. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
air quality sensor outputs a voltage signal proportional to a
measured air quality..Iaddend.
.Iadd.24. The air quality monitoring system of claim 23 wherein the
voltage signal comprises the air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.25. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 comprising
a processing device programmed to convert sensor data to air
quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.26. The air quality monitoring system of claim 25 wherein the
processing device is programmed to convert a voltage signal
generated by the air quality sensor to air quality
data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.27. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
air quality sensor further comprises a processing device programmed
to convert sensor data to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.28. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a processing device programmed to
convert sensor data to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.29. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
remote data collection system comprises a processing device
programmed to convert sensor data to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.30. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
systematically collect air quality data from the air quality
sensors at defined intervals and to store the air quality data in
the data storage device..Iaddend.
.Iadd.31. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
transmit air quality data to the remote data collection
system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.32. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein
each air quality sensor comprises a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.33. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein air
quality data is associated with a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.34. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
remote database is accessible through a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.35. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
data acquisition system is programmed to initiate remote electronic
communications with the remote data collection system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.36. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
remote data collection system is programmed to initiate remote
electronic communications with the data acquisition
system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.37. The air quality monitoring system of claim 21 wherein the
first and second remote access devices comprise a distributed wide
area network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.38. An air quality monitoring system comprising: a data
acquisition system programmed to collect air quality data at a data
acquisition site, the data acquisition system comprising least one
air quality sensor for measuring environmental data, a second
plurality air quality sensor adapted to measure non-weather data
and a data storage device coupled to the air quality sensor; a
remote data collection system programmed to receive the air quality
data from a plurality of data acquisition systems, the remote data
collection system comprising a remote database programmed to store
air quality data from the plurality of data acquisition systems;
and a communication system coupled to the data acquisition system
and the remote data collection system and programmed to
systematically and automatically transmit air quality data from the
plurality of data acquisition systems to the remote data collection
system for storage in the remote database..Iaddend.
.Iadd.39. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 comprising
a processing device programmed to convert sensor data to air
quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.40. The air quality monitoring system of claim 39 wherein the
processing device is programmed to convert a voltage signal
generated by the air quality sensor to air quality
data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.41. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
systematically collect air quality data from the air quality
sensors at defined intervals and to store the air quality data in
the data storage device..Iaddend.
.Iadd.42. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
transmit air quality data to the remote data collection
system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.43. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein
each air quality sensor comprises a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.44. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein air
quality data is associated with a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.45. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
remote database is accessible through a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.46. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
communication system comprises a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.47. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
data acquisition system is programmed to initiate remote electronic
communications with the remote data collection system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.48. The air quality monitoring system of claim 38 wherein the
remote data collection system is programmed to initiate remote
electronic communications with the data acquisition
system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.49. An air quality monitoring system comprising: a data
acquisition system programmed to collect air quality data at a data
acquisition site, the data acquisition system comprising at least
one air quality sensor for measuring environmental data, a second
plurality air quality sensor adapted to measure non-weather data
and a data storage device coupled to the quality sensor; a remote
database; a remote access device adapted to couple the remote
database to the data acquisition system; and a controller
programmed to systematically and automatically transmit data from
data acquisition sites to the remote database and to store air
quality data in the remote database..Iaddend.
.Iadd.50. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
air quality sensor outputs a voltage signal proportional to a
measured air quality..Iaddend.
.Iadd.51. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 comprising
a processing device programmed to convert sensor data to air
quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.52. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
air quality sensor further comprises a processing device programmed
to convert sensor data to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.53. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a processing device programmed to
convert sensor data to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.54. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
controller is programmed to convert sensor data to air quality
data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.55. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
systematically collect air quality data from the air quality
sensors at defined intervals and to store the air quality data in
the data storage device..Iaddend.
.Iadd.56. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
data acquisition system comprises a site controller programmed to
transmit air quality data to the remote data collection
system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.57. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein
each air quality sensor comprises a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.58. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein air
quality data is associated with a sensor identification
number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.59. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
remote database is accessible through a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.60. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
data acquisition system is programmed to initiate remote electronic
communications with the remote data collection system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.61. The air quality monitoring system of claim 49 wherein the
remote access device comprise a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.62. A method for monitoring air quality comprising the steps
of: locating, a data acquisition system at a data acquisition site
including at least one air quality sensor for measuring
environmental data and a second plurality air quality sensor
adapted to measure non-weather data, both being coupled to a data
storage device, the data storage device including a first remote
access device providing remote electronic access to the data
storage device; providing a remote data collection system
comprising a remote database programmed to store air quality data
from various data acquisition sites, the remote data collection
system comprising a second remote access device providing remote
electronic access to the data acquisition system; collecting air
quality data from the air quality sensors in the data storage
device; automatically connecting the remote database to the data
acquisition system and transferring the air quality data to the
remote database for storage; and storing the air quality data in
the remote database..Iaddend.
.Iadd.63. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of
distributing the air quality sensors at locations at the data
acquisition site..Iaddend.
.Iadd.64. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of generating
a voltage signal from the air quality sensor proportional to a
measured air quality..Iaddend.
.Iadd.65. The method of claim 62 wherein the voltage signal
comprises the air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.66. The method of claim 62 wherein the data acquisition
system converts a voltage signal generated by the air quality
sensor to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.67. The method of claim 62 wherein the remote data collection
system converts a voltage signal generated by the air quality
sensor to air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.68. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of
systematically collecting air quality data from the air quality
sensors at defined intervals and storing the air quality data in
the data storage device..Iaddend.
.Iadd.69. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of
systematically and automatically uploading air quality data from
the data acquisition system and storing the air quality data in the
remote database..Iaddend.
.Iadd.70. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of collecting
in the data storage device a sensor identification number along
with air quality data..Iaddend.
.Iadd.71. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of associating
air quality data with a sensor identification number..Iaddend.
.Iadd.72. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of accessing
the remote database through a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
.Iadd.73. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of initiating
remote electronic communications with the remote data collection
system at the data acquisition system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.74. The method of claim 62 comprising the step of initiating
remote electronic communication with the data acquisition system at
the remote data collection system..Iaddend.
.Iadd.75. The method of claim 62 wherein the first and second
remote access devices communicate through a distributed wide area
network..Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system and method for
systematically and continuously monitoring environment quality. In
particular, the system of the present invention relates to an
environment monitoring system, which has application for monitoring
the quality of air or water at a particular location.
There is an increasing effort to monitor environment quality, such
as air quality or water quality. In particular, smoke, chemicals
and toxins may negatively effect air and water quality. Poor air or
water quality may have a negative effect on the health and well
being of the population.
Certain environments are more susceptible to pollutants that
negatively effect air quality, such as a bar, restaurant, nightclub
or casino where a high percentage of people smoke. Other
environments require a consistent and predetermined air quality,
which is free from pollutants, toxins and chemicals, such as
hospitals, nursing homes, pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities
or other manufacturing facilities that require "clean rooms." In
such environments, efforts are made to control air quality so that
air quality is at an acceptable level.
Various filtering systems may be used to control air quality and to
clear the air or water of unwanted substances or residue. Different
environments have different filtering requirements depending upon
the quality and quality requirements. Thus, it is desirable to have
a systematic device for monitoring air or water quality in order to
effectively filter unwanted residue from a particular
environment.
There has been an increasing focus on the negative health effects
of poor air or water quality. Thus, it is desirable to have a
system for monitoring and documenting air or water quality to
maintain records for negating correlations between air quality at a
particular site and any health conditions of people who live, work
or visit the particular site. Such records may be used to negate
liability for health conditions which are alleged to be caused by
prolonged exposure to certain environments.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The environment monitoring system of the present invention includes
a data acquisition system for collecting and recording environment
data at various sites. The data acquisition system includes sensors
and a data storage device coupled to the sensors. The data
acquisition system is programmed to systematically and continuously
collect environment data from the sensors. Data is measured by the
sensors and transmitted to the site data storage device.
Preferably, data from the many sites is centrally accumulated and
stored in a remote comprehensive database. The remote comprehensive
database is designed to store data by site and includes remote
access software for electronically communicating with a remote
access device at each data site for accumulating data for the
comprehensive database.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the system for
monitoring environment quality of the present invention.
FIG. 1A is an illustrative view of a plurality of site monitoring
assemblies coupled to a central remote data collection system of
the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating operation of the components of
the monitoring system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a particle sensor employed in the
monitoring system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a volatile residue sensor of the
monitoring system of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation and components of
the environment monitoring system 10 of the present invention. As
shown in FIG. 1, the present invention relates to a system for
monitoring the environment quality of a particular site 12 which
can be used for monitoring the air quality inside a building. As
shown, a plurality of sensors 14a-d are employed at site 12 for
measuring air quality. Although the monitoring system of the
present invention is described in relation to monitoring air
quality, it should be understood that the monitoring system of the
present invention has application beyond monitoring air quality,
such as monitoring water quality.
The system 10 of the present invention includes a site monitoring
assembly 16 (or site data acquisition system) and a remote data
collection system 18. The site monitoring assembly 16 includes
sensors 14a-d, a site controller 20, a data storage device. 22 and
a remote access device 24. As shown, each sensor 14a-d is coupled
to the site controller 20 for initiating collection of data from
the sensors 14a-d. The site controller 20 schedules data collection
by the sensors 14a-d. The site controller 20 may be coupled to a
plurality of sensors 14a-d for initiating collection of data from a
plurality of sensors 14a-d or may be coupled to a single sensor 14a
for initiating collection of data from a single sensor 14a.
The sensors 14a-d are coupled to the data storage device 22 for
storing data of the sensors 14a-d. The data storage device 22 is
preferably a data logger or a battery operated memory device for
storing sensor data 14a-d. The data storage device 22 is coupled to
a remote access device (modem) 24 so that the sensor data is
available externally.
The site controller 20 initiates the collection of data from
sensors 14a-d at predefined intervals and stores the measured air
quality data to the memory of the data storage device 22. In
particular, the site controller 20 is programmed to systematically
and continuously collect data from sensors 14a-d. The measurement
intervals can be preprogrammed into the site controller 20 or can
be programmed by an operator at a monitoring or data acquisition
site 12.
The remote data collection system 18 is physically separate from
the testing or data acquisition sites 12 and is a facility for
systematically collecting and storing data from various testing
sites for analysis. The remote data collection system 18 includes a
remote access device (i.e. modem) 26, a database 30 and an output
device 32. The database 30 is a comprehensive database and defines
a remote centralized data storage system for storing data from
various monitoring or data acquisition sites. The remote access
device 26 of the remote data collection assembly 18 is designed to
electronically communicate with the remote access device 24 of the
site monitoring assembly 16 for uploading data from sensors 14a-14d
to database 30.
Preferably, a system controller 33 is coupled to the data
collection system 18 for initiating access to the site monitoring
assemblies 16. In particular, preferably the system controller 33
is programmed to access various site monitoring assemblies 16 at
defined intervals for uploading data from the data storage devices
22 of various site monitoring assemblies 16. Alternatively, in
another embodiment of the invention, individual site controllers 20
of various monitoring or data acquisition sites 12 may initiate
access to the remote data collection system 18 to upload data from
a data storage device 22 to the remote central database 30.
FIG. 1A is an illustrative view of the operation of the remote data
collection system 18 for maintaining data from a plurality of site
monitoring assemblies 16a-n. Each site 12 is coupled to the remote
data collection system 18 at various time intervals, based upon the
measurement time intervals of various site monitoring assemblies
16. Preferably, the format for data collected by sensors 14a-d and
stored to the data storage device 22 includes sensor identification
number, an air quality measurement, a date of measurement and a
time of measurement for each sensor 14a-d.
Each data storage device 22 for each data acquisition site 12
includes an alphanumeric site identification number. When data is
transmitted from the data storage device 22 of a site monitoring
assembly 16a-n to database 30 of the remote data collection system
18, the data for each sensor 14a-d (i.e. sensor identification
number, air quality measurement, date and time) as well as the site
identification number of each site 12 is transmitted. The data
transferred for each site is stored separately in the remote
database 30, based upon the site identification number.
The output device 32 coupled to database 30 of the remote data
collection system 18 may be a printer, a removable data storage
device (e.g. floppy disc or a CD ROM disc or an Internet.TM. Web
Page). The remote data collection system 18 may manage data for the
sites and provide periodic reports (data) of air quality, in
printed form, by disk or via the Internet.TM. for review and
analysis by the individual sites 12.
Additionally, the remote database 30 may be connected to a
distributed wide area network (e.g. Internet.TM.) so that the
database 30 can be directly accessed by individual sites 12 for
review. Preferably, accessibility of the data on a wide area
network would be limited by passcodes to protect the
confidentiality of the data. Only authorized personnel from each
site 12 would be able to access the data from a particular site 12
by using the correct passcode.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating operation of the system of the
present invention for systematically and automatically collecting
data from individual sites at selected intervals and uploading the
data to the centralized database 30 for distribution and analysis.
As illustrated by block 34, site controller 20 selectively polls
sensors 14a-b at selected time intervals to measure air quality and
upload the measured data to the data storage device 22 as
illustrated by block 36. The rate at which data is polled from the
sensors 14a-d depends upon the configuration of the site controller
20. The rate may be preprogrammed into the system or the site
controller 20 may include a user interface for inputting the rate
for polling sensors 14a-14b.
As illustrated by block 38, data is uploaded or transferred from
the data storage device 22 of each site 12 to the remote database
30. This data transfer may be initiated by the remote data
collection system 18 or the site monitoring assembly 16 (or data
acquisition system), either automatically or manually. Either the
site controller 20 or controller 33 may be programmed to
automatically initiate the transfer of data from the data storage
devices 22 of the data acquisition sites 12 to the central remote
database 30. As illustrated by block 40, the transferred data from
the site monitoring assembly 16 is stored in the database relative
to the site identification number. The frequency at which data is
uploaded to the central database 30 depends upon the rate at which
data is polled from the sensors 14a-d and preferably is a variable
that may be programmed into the system as desired.
Thus, as described, the system of the present invention assures
that air quality is automatically and systematically monitored
without reliance upon schedules or priorities of personnel or
individuals at a particular site. As previously explained, the
environment data collected by the sensors 14a-d may be analyzed for
controlling air quality or may be used for maintaining air quality
records. For example, the data may be used to determine the
frequency at which filtering devices, which are used to filter
residues from the air, need to be changed.
Sensors 14a-n may be positioned at various distributed locations in
a particular site 12. The number of sensors shown in FIG. 1 is for
illustrative purposes only and the number of sensors can vary per
cubic foot depending upon the air quality monitoring accuracy
required. Preferably, a fixed system of sensors is used where a
plurality of sensors 14a-n are fixedly mounted to walls or other
surfaces at a particular site and are operably wired to the site
controller 20 and data storage device 22 for systematically and
continuously collecting air quality data.
Alternatively, the sensors 14a-n employed may be mobile sensors
14a-n. Data may be collected by the mobile sensors 14a-n and
uploaded via a remote access device 24 for electronic transfer to
the central database 30 of the remote data collection system 18.
Data collection from the mobile sensors 14a-n would be controlled
by a central processor coupled to the mobile sensors 14a-n for
automatic and systematic control.
Various sensors 14a-n may be employed for testing various air
quality attributes. Examples of types of sensors that may be
employed include smoke or particle sensors, volatile organic
compound sensors, or carbon monoxide sensors. Preferably, the
system 10 employs a particle sensor and a volatile organic compound
sensor. Other sensors that produce an electronic signal
proportional to the presence of foreign substances, such as toxins
or other chemicals may be employed and the invention is not
intended to be limited to the particular sensors described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a smoke or particle sensor, which
may be employed for measuring air quality at a site 12. As shown,
the sensor 14 includes an ionizing smoke or particle sensor 42, a
capacitance filter 44, a signal amplifier 46, a zero scale adjustor
48 and a voltage to current converter 50. The ionizing particle
sensor 42 includes a plurality of electrodes for attracting smoke
or particles and producing an output voltage proportional to the
particles detected. An ionizing smoke or particle detector is
commercially available from Dicon Safety Products, Inc. of Toronto,
Ontario, Canada and can be adapted for use as a sensor by modifying
the device to output a voltage proportional to the particles
detected by the electrodes.
As shown in FIG. 3, the voltage generated by the sensor 42
corresponding to the particulate mass is filtered by capacitance
filter 44 to reduce noise and is amplified by signal buffer
amplifier 46, which can be a voltage follower circuit. The voltage
output by the sensor 42 is converted to current by converter 50.
The converted voltage output (current) is transmitted through wires
to a central processing device 51 (spaced from sensor 42, amplifier
46 and converter 50) and the voltage is transmitted to the data
storage device 22 for storage. The voltage output is converted to
current by converter 50 so that the signal is not degraded when the
signal transmitted through a long wire to a central remote
processing device 51. If the voltage is directly processed and
stored by the data storage device 22, and is not transmitted a
significant distance, then the voltage to current converter 50 may
be eliminated.
The zero scale adjustor 48 is a potentiometer circuit for providing
a reference adjustment for the output of amplifier 46. Preferably,
the zero scale adjustor 48 is set to roughly the clean air output
of amplifier 46 minus 0.1 volts. Thus, sensor 42 generates a
voltage signal relative to air quality, which is buffered,
converted to current, transmitted and continuously outputted as a
voltage to the processing device 51 for collection and storage at
selected intervals. For example, sensor 42 may output a voltage
ranging from 7.0 volts-4.8 volts to produce a current of 0
milliampere-1 milliampere, respectively, which is converted to
produce a 0 volt-2.5 volt output corresponding to air cleanliness
as sensed by sensor 42.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a volatile organic compound (VOC)
sensor, which may be employed for measuring air quality at a
particular site 14. As shown, the volatile organic compound sensor
includes a sensor 52, such as a TGS-800 Model sensor available from
Figaro, Inc. of Wilmette, Illinois, a zero scale adjustor 54, a
signal amplifier buffer 56 and a voltage to current converter 58.
The sensor produces a voltage corresponding to the concentration of
VOC present in the air.
The voltage signal is buffered by signal amplifier 56. The zero
scale adjustor 54 circuit is coupled to the output of sensor 52 to
adjust the output voltage of the sensor so that the output of the
amplified voltage of the volatile residue sensor 52 is
approximately 1.25 V in clean air after the VOC sensor 52 has
reached temperature stability. The output voltage from the
amplifier 56 is converted to current by the voltage to current
converter 58 and transmitted to the processing device 51 and data
storage device 22 for storage.
The output voltage of sensors 14a-d is converted to an air quality
measurement. Preferably, the air quality measurement is in
milligrams of particles per cubic meters of air for particles and
parts per million for VOC. The voltage data collected from sensors
14a-d is stored by data storage device 22 and systematically
uploaded to the remote central database 30. Preferably, the remote
data collection system 18 includes software to convert the voltage
output of sensors to an air quality measurement, such as milligrams
of particles per cubic meters of air. Since the voltage output of
the sensors is converted by the remote data collection system 18, a
single calibration system can be used which can be easily changed
(i.e. updated or corrected) at one location without visiting a
plurality of monitoring sites.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to
preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize
that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention.
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