U.S. patent number RE37,921 [Application Number 09/696,091] was granted by the patent office on 2002-12-10 for pressurized water closet flushing system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to W/C Technology Corporation. Invention is credited to Thomas P. Beh, Raymond Bruce Martin, Mark M. Mrocca.
United States Patent |
RE37,921 |
Martin , et al. |
December 10, 2002 |
Pressurized water closet flushing system
Abstract
A pressurized water closet operating system comprises a water
vessel, an external manifold mounted directly on said vessel, and
an internally mounted flush valve assembly. The manifold comprises
a water pressure regulator, an air induction system, and a manually
operable flush valve actuator. The manually operable flush valve
actuator controls the discharge of water under pressure from the
water vessel into the toilet bowl.
Inventors: |
Martin; Raymond Bruce
(Bloomfield Hills, MI), Beh; Thomas P. (Ypsilanti, MI),
Mrocca; Mark M. (Belleville, MI) |
Assignee: |
W/C Technology Corporation
(Farmington Hills, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
26710996 |
Appl.
No.: |
09/696,091 |
Filed: |
October 24, 2000 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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Reissue of: |
034472 |
Mar 4, 1998 |
05970527 |
Oct 26, 1999 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
4/361; 4/354 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E03D
3/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E03D
3/10 (20060101); E03D 3/00 (20060101); E03D
003/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;4/354,359,360,361,362 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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788 |
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1887 |
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GB |
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237 592 |
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Dec 1909 |
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DE |
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342879 |
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Feb 1931 |
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GB |
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447056 |
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May 1936 |
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GB |
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635737 |
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Apr 1950 |
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GB |
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1093277 |
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Nov 1967 |
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GB |
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Other References
International Publication No. WO 91/16508, dated Oct. 31, 1991,
Applicant Kohler Co., 26 pages..
|
Primary Examiner: Fetsuga; Robert M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Dinnin & Dunn, P.C.
Parent Case Text
This application claims priority from Provisional Application
number 60/039,961 filed .[.Jul. 30.]. .Iadd.Mar. 7 .Iaddend.1997.
Claims
I claim:
1. An improved pressurized water closet comprising: a water vessel;
an annular valve seat in a lower portion of said water vessel
defining a water outlet therein; a flush valve cylinder vertically
oriented above the water outlet in said water vessel; a piston in
said flush valve cylinder defining an upper chamber therein, said
piston being movable axially of said cylinder solely by a water
pressure differential on opposite sides of said piston; a flush
valve on said piston normally seated on the valve seat of said
water vessel for closing the water outlet therein; a manifold
mounted directly on said water vessel; and means in said manifold
for concomitantly venting the upper chamber of said cylinder and
connecting a pressurized water source to said water vessel and to
the upper chamber of said flush valve cylinder.
2. The water closet of claim 1 wherein said means comprises a flush
valve actuator operable to connect the upper chamber of said flush
valve cylinder with the ambient environment so as to relieve water
pressure therein to condition said piston and the valve thereon for
movement to the open condition to discharge water from said water
vessel through the water outlet therein.
3. The water closet of claim 2 wherein said flush valve actuator is
disposed internally of said manifold.
4. The pressurized water closet of claim 1 wherein said manifold
includes a pressure regulator having means for admitting ambient
air into water flowing through said pressure regulator to said
water vessel.
5. The pressurized water closet of claim 4 wherein said pressure
regulator comprises a pair of floating back check valves to
preclude flow of water from said water vessel in reverse through
said pressure regulator.
6. The pressurized water closet of claim 2 wherein said flush valve
actuator comprises an annulus surrounding a needle valve for the
control of water flowing to the upper chamber of said cylinder.
7. A pressurized water closet flushing system in accordance with
claim 2 including a disinfectant reservoir; a water supply conduit
extending from said water vessel, to said reservoir; a disinfectant
conduit extending from said reservoir to said water vessel; and
means for controlling the amount of disinfectant injected into said
water vessel upon each flush.
8. The pressurized water closet of claim 1 wherein said water
vessel comprises a pair of spaced domes for isolating pressurized
air from said flush valve cylinder.
9. The pressurized water closet of claim 1 comprising a water
discharge tube extending internally of said water vessel and
communicating with said flush valve actuator and with the ambient
atmosphere on the opposite side of the water outlet of said water
vessel from the valve on said piston.
10. The pressurized water closet of claim 6 wherein said needle
valve is reciprocable in said annulus to effect cleaning
thereof.
11. An improved pressurized water closet comprising a water vessel;
an annular valve seat in a lower portion of said water vessel
defining a water outlet therein; a flush valve cylinder vertically
aligned with said valve seat; .[.and.]. a pair of spaced segregated
air chambers disposed on opposite sides of said flush valve
cylinder above the water outlet in said water vessel for precluding
water logging thereof.Iadd.; a manifold mounted directly on said
water vessel; and means in said manifold for concomitantly venting
said pair of spaced segregated air chambers and connecting a
pressurized water source to said water vessel and said flush valve
cylinder.Iaddend..
12. An improved pressurized water closet flushing system
comprising; a water vessel; an annular valve seat in a lower
portion of said water vessel defining a water outlet therein; a
flush valve cylinder vertically oriented above the water outlet in
said water vessel; a piston in said flush valve cylinder defining
an upper chamber therein and movable axially thereof solely by a
water pressure differential thereacross; a flush valve on said
piston normally seated on the valve seat of said water vessel for
closing the water outlet therein; and a pressure relief valve on
said piston openable on the occurrence of excessive pressure in the
upper chamber of said cylinder to vent pressure therein to
atmosphere.
13. The pressurized water closet of claim 7 wherein said water
supply conduit is connected to the flush valve actuator on said
water vessel.
14. The pressurized water closet of claim 7 wherein said water
supply conduit is connected to said water vessel downstream of the
valve seat thereon.
15. The pressurized water closet of claim 11 wherein said air
chambers comprise partitions extending downwardly from an upper
wall of said water closet to a central portion thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an improved pressurized water
closet that minimizes water usage incident to flushing yet
maximizes waste extraction propulsion energy and reliability of the
system.
2. Related Art
The herein disclosed pressurized water closet is an improvement
over the systems disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,233,698 issued Nov.
18, 1980 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,361,426 issued Nov. 8, 1994, as well
as over the system disclosed in application Ser. No. 08/457,162
filed Jun. 1, 1995.
The basic components of a pressurized water closet are a water
vessel, a flush valve and a flush valve actuator. The aforesaid
components are generally installed internally of a conventional
water closet. The pressurized water closet is energized by water
pressure from a conventional fresh water supply system.
In operation, as the water level rises in the water vessel after
flush, air internally of the water vessel is compressed. When water
pressure in the vessel equals the supply line pressure or when it
causes the pressure regulator valve to shut, in the event of supply
line pressure greater than that allowed by the regulator, flow of
water into the water vessel ceases and the system is conditioned
for operation. When the flush valve actuator is actuated, the flush
valve opens whereafter the compressed air in the water vessel
pushes the water stored therein into the water closet bowl at
relatively high discharge pressure and velocity, flushing waste
therefrom with minimum water consumption.
Known pressurized water closet flushing systems have proved to be
successful in the marketplace but generally exhibit one or more
operating characteristics that can be improved upon. Specifically,
propulsion energy that effects waste extraction from the toilet
bowl is relatively inefficient; high or low pressure in the fresh
water system may result in inconsistent operation; the volume of
water discharged is inconsistent; there is no provision for
internal release of water system pressure above design pressure;
flush action is not independent of duration of flush valve actuator
depression; closure of the flush valve upon the occurrence of low
supply line pressure is not positive; the actuator valve is not
self cleaning; there is no provision for varying toilet bowl refill
volume, and there is no provision for the addition of disinfectant
to the toilet bowl without compromise of flushing system
integrity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The pressurized water closet flushing system of the present
invention solves the aforesaid problems. Specifically, the system
exhibits a substantial improvement in waste extraction energy and
in the consistency and reliability of the flushing action. The
system uses a minimum volume of water upon discharge; provides
internal pressure relief upon the occurrence of water system
pressure above design pressure; has a flush action that is not a
function of time of actuator depression; exhibits positive closure
upon the occurrence of low supply line pressure; has a self
cleaning actuator valve; and toilet bowl refill volume can be
customized to meet application specifications. Moreover, the system
exhibits minimal differences in water consumption at high and low
water pressures; utilizes two internal back checks, a built in
drain, an internal discharge port, and provides for the addition of
disinfectant to the toilet bowl without compromise of flushing
system integrity.
Yet another feature of the invention is that a water flow path is
opened through the actuator directly above the flush valve cylinder
to a disinfectant reservoir thence to the toilet bowl when the
toilet's manual flush valve actuator is depressed thereby injecting
disinfectant into the toilet bowl.
The aforesaid features of the pressurized flush system of the
present invention result in stronger and more effective extraction
and drain line carry, cleaner bowls, fewer drain line clogs, no
hidden leakage of water between flushes, and smaller sized pipe
systems. The system of invention produces a flushing action which
clears and cleans a toilet bowl while consuming less than one and
six tenths gallons of water while meeting the highest municipal
codes. The toilet bowl is emptied by one flush without drain line
"drop-off" common to many low water volume, or gravity-flow type
toilets.
In operation, actuation of the manual operator creates a pressure
differential across a flush valve piston disposed in a flush valve
cylinder. The flush valve piston and a flush valve thereas move
upwardly at a controlled rate.
Upward or opening movement of the flush valve permits water to be
ejected into the toilet bowl from the water vessel under relatively
high pressure effecting extraction of the contents of the toilet
bowl. Flush commences simultaneously with manual depression of the
flush valve actuator and is time controlled so as to produce a
prolonged high energy surge of water which carries bowl waste into
the sewer.
Closure of the flush valve is timed by the distribution ratio of
incoming water to the upper chamber of the flush valve cylinder and
the water vessel. When the manual flush valve actuator is released,
the fluid flow path from the upper chamber of the flush valve
cylinder to ambient is closed. At this point, a predetermined
portion of the water supplied under pressure from the water supply
system flows directly to the upper chamber of the flush valve
cylinder. The remaining portion of water supplied by the system
flows to the main chamber of the water vessel. Prior to closure of
the flush valve, water and a predetermined amount of disinfectant
flowing to the water vessel passes therethrough into the toilet
bowl thereby to disinfect the bowl and restore the water seal in
the bowl's trap so as to prevent sewer gasses from exiting through
the toilet bowl. When the upper chamber of the flush valve cylinder
is filled, and the flush valve is closed, all incoming water is
directed into the water vessel.
Water rising in the water vessel under regulated water system
pressure compresses the air entrapped therein until it reaches
either the line or regulated pressure of, as in a constructed
embodiment of the invention, 30 psi, whichever occurs first. At
this point, flow stops and the system is ready to be flushed
again.
In accordance with one feature of the present invention, both the
water vessel and the upper chamber of the flush valve cylinder are
connected at all times, through the water pressure regulator, to
the pressurized fresh water supply. Another feature of the present
invention is that a minimum of 75% of the water stored in the water
vessel is discharged at a flow velocity in excess of 20 gpm when
supply line pressure is equal to or greater than supply line
pressure. This feature results in superior bowl extraction and
drain line carry of waste.
In accordance with yet another feature of the invention, the flush
valve actuator is hydraulically coupled to the upper chamber of the
flush valve cylinder. Thus, when the flush valve actuator opens a
flow path to ambient pressure, water pressure in the upper chamber
of the cylinder is instantaneously but silently relieved creating a
pressure differential across the piston allowing pressure on the
lower face of the piston to immediately bias the piston and flush
valve upwardly to the open condition. The flow of water outwardly
of the upper chamber of the flush valve is metered, so as to
positively control upward movement of the flush valve piston. Noise
is attenuated because the system is hydraulic as opposed to
pneumatic.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of an improved pressurized water
closet flushing system in accordance with the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view taken in the direction of the arrow "2" of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2; of a fully
charged flushing system;
FIG. 4 is a view taken within the circle "4" of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 upon the initiation of flush
action;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3 wherein pressurized flush is
completed but bowl refill is continuing;
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 with bowl refill completed, the
flush valve closed, and refill of the water vessel and
pressurization commencing; and
FIG. 8 in a fragmentary view, partially in cross section, of an
alternative water supply system to the disinfectant reservoir.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE
INVENTION
As seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pressurized water closet flushing
system 10, in accordance with a preferred and constructed
embodiment of the present invention, is shown in operative
association with a conventional water closet tank 12. Major
components of the system 10 are a water vessel 14, an internal
flush valve assembly 16, and a manifold 18 comprising an integral
flush valve actuator 22, a water pressure regulator 24, an air
induction regulator 25 as seen in FIG. 3, a disinfectant reservoir
26.
Water is supplied to the system 10 from a pressurized source (not
shown) and flows upwardly without restriction through an inlet
conduit 27 and vacuum breaker 28, thence laterally to the manifold
18. Water is free to flow through the conduit 27 to the manifold 18
at system pressure thence, after regulation, to both the flush
valve assembly 16 and water vessel 14, as will be described.
The size of the water vessel 14 is dictated by energy requirements
of the system 10. In the preferred constructed embodiment
disclosed, the water vessel 14 comprises a pair of vertically
stacked half sections 32 and 34. The upper section 32 of the water
vessel 14 has a pair of downwardly extending partitions 35 and 36
that create isolated chambers 37 and 38, respectively as long as
the water level is above the weld joint between the sections 32 and
34 of the water vessel 14, a typical condition between flushes, as
will be described. Accordingly, because the compressed air in the
chambers 37 and 38 which powers the system 10 is isolated, a leak
in an upper portion of the flush valve assembly 16 will not result
in the system 10 becoming waterlogged.
The manifold 18, comprising the water pressure regulator 24, air
induction regulator 25 and flush valve actuator 22, is mounted on
the upper section 32 of the water vessel 14.
As best seen in FIG. 4, the integral air induction system 25 on the
manifold 18 comprises an externally threaded mounting nipple 42
that accepts a cap 44. The cap 44 has an aperture 46 therein the
periphery of which functions as a seat for a ball valve 48. The
valve 48 is normally biased to the closed position by water
pressure within the manifold 18. However, when internal pressure in
the water vessel 14 is reduced during the discharge phase of the
flush cycle, to a predetermined minimum, for example 2 PSI, the
resultant flow of water into the water vessel 14 creates an air
pressure differential across the valve 48 that effects opening
thereof and the induction of makeup air into the water stream,
replenishing air in the water vessel 14 in a self regulating
manner. A tubular sleeve 50 extends downwardly into an orifice 52
in the manifold 18 leading to the water 14 thereby to conduct air
into the water stream flowing into the water vessel 14. The air
induction system also functions as a vacuum breaker to preclude
backflow of water from the system 10 to the water supply system in
the event of pressure loss therein.
The water pressure regulator 24 on the manifold 18 is of tubular
configuration and has an end cap 64 thereon. A ball valve retainer
66 of cruciform cross section is disposed internally of the end cap
64 for support of a ball valve 68. The valve 68 is biased against
an annular seat 69 on a tubular portion 70 of a pressure regulating
piston 71 by system water pressure when pressure internally of the
water vessel 14 is lower. Similarly, a second ball valve 72 is
supported in a second retainer 74, of cruciform cross section. When
pressure internally of the water vessel 14 drops below the
predetermined pressure, the piston 71 moves away from the end cap
64 under the bias of a regulator spring 76, thereby allowing water
to flow past the ball valve 68, thence past the ball valve 72 for
distribution to the flush valve 16 and water vessel 14, as will be
described.
In the event of pressure loss in the water supply, the ball valves
68 and 72 move to the left, as seen in the drawing, against annular
seats 78 and 79, on the end cap 64 and piston 72, respectively to
preclude backflow of water from the water vessel 14 to the
system.
The manifold 18 also includes the flush valve actuator 22 which
comprises a cylindrical housing 80 with a manually operable spool
82 disposed internally thereof that is slidably journaled in a
sleeve 84. The spool 82 carries a valve 85 that is normally seated
on a valve seat 86. A needle valve 87 is supported on one end of
the spool 82 so as to extend into an orifice 88 in the housing 80
to define the area of an annular water inlet orifice that controls
the flow of water to the flush valve 16.
Movement of the spool 82 of the flush valve actuator 22 against the
bias of a spring 92 moves the valve 85 off its seat 86 to open
communication between an upper chamber "C" of the flush valve 16,
through an orifice 94 to a pressure relief tube 96 to initiate
flush, as will be described. The tube 96 communicates with ambient
pressure in the toilet bowl (not shown).
As best seen in FIGS. 3 and 5-7, and in accordance with a feature
of the present invention, the flush valve assembly 16 comprises a
vertically oriented flush valve cylinder 100 having an upper end
portion 102 that abuts the manifold 18. A lower end portion 106 of
the cylinder 100 terminates short of a conical valve seating
surface 108 of a water discharge passage 109 in the lower shell 34
of the water vessel 14. Flow of water from the water vessel 14
through the passage 109 is controlled by an O-ring valve 110 that
is carried by a stem 114 of a flush valve piston 116.
An upper end portion 118 of the piston 116 is of cup shaped
configuration and extends upwardly to a predetermined proximity,
for example, 0.4 inches, from the upper end 102 of the flush valve
cylinder 100 whereby upward movement of the piston 116 is limited
to 0.4 inches.
The flush valve piston 116 has an elastomeric piston ring 130
thereon that effects a seal against the cylinder 100 thereby to
divide the cylinder 100 into an upper chamber 132 and a main
chamber 134 of the water vessel 14. The piston 116 has a valve 136
disposed centrally thereof that normally seals an aperture 138
therein. Upon the occurrence of an over pressure condition in the
upper chamber 132, the valve 136 opens against a spring 139 so as
to vent the upper chamber 132. This slight venting of the upper
chamber 132, at, for example, 45 PSI causes a pressure differential
between the upper chamber 132 and the main chamber 134 of the water
vessel 14. As a result, the flush valve piston 116 starts to lift
which allows the pressure in the main chamber 134 of the water
vessel 14 to be reduced. Initially, an oscillation occurs as a
pressure differential is repeatedly created which is eventually
equalized in both chambers, thus preventing the pressure in the
main chamber 134 of the water vessel 14 from exceeding a
predetermined level, for example 80 PSI.
In accordance with another feature of the invention, disinfectant
is automatically injected into the toilet bowl (not shown) upon
actuation of the pressurized flushing system 10. However,
disinfectant does not reside in the water vessel 14 between flushes
thereby to preclude attack of the vessel and seals, therein by the
chemical disinfectant. The disinfectant container 26 containing,
for example, water soluble disinfectant pellets 150 is connected to
the manual actuator 22 on the manifold 18 by a water inlet conduit
152. One end 153 of the water inlet conduit 152 is connected to a
nipple 154 on the actuator 22 which communicates with the valve 85
carried by the actuator spool 82. Sizing of the orifice in the
nipple 154 combined with the time during which the nipple is
exposed to pressured water, controls the amount of water flowing
through the tube 152 to the disinfectant reservoir 26, as will be
described. An opposite end 156 of the water inlet conduit 152
communicates with the reservoir 26. A disinfectant outlet conduit
158 has one end 160 connected to the cap 44 of the air inducer 25
above the ball valve 48 therein. An opposite end 162 of the conduit
158 extends downwardly into the reservoir 150 a predetermined
distance, as will be described.
Prior to flush of the system 10, as best seen in FIG. 3,
disinfectant resides in the reservoir 26 just below the lower end
162 of the disinfectant outlet conduit 158. As best seen in FIG. 5,
upon flush of the system 10, due to movement of the spool 82 on the
manual actuator 22 to the left, a water flow path is opened from
the chamber C in the flush valve 16, past the valve 85 to the
nipple 154, thence through the water inlet conduit 152 to the
disinfectant reservoir 150. Based on the sizing of the nipple 154
and the duration of the flush discharge, a controlled amount of
water is directed through conduit 152 into reservoir 26 by back
pressure created by discharge from the main chamber 134 into the
water closet bowl. The duration of discharge from the main chamber
134 controls the amount of water diverted through nipple 154. The
volume of water flowing to the reservoir 150 is calculated to
elevate the level of disinfectant therein a predetermined amount
above the lower end 162 of the disinfectant outlet conduit 158.
Normally, flow out of the reservoir 26 is precluded by the ball
valve 48 of the air inducer 25 which is biased to the closed
condition by pressure internally of the manifold 18 and water
vessel 14.
As flush progresses to the point seen in FIG. 6, wherein water in
the water vessel 14 has been substantially evacuated, pressure is
reduced in the water vessel 14 sufficiently to allow a pressure
differential across the ball valve 48 created by the venturi effect
due to the flow of water past the tube 50 that extends into the
water inlet orifice 52 in the water vessel 14, to open the valve
48. Opening of the valve 48 induces a flow of disinfectant from the
reservoir 26 through the air inducer 25 to the water vessel 14.
After the level of disinfectant in the reservoir 26 is lowered
below the level of the end portion 162 of the conduit 158,
disinfectant flow terminates and air is drawn through the conduit
158 to the air inducer 25, thence to the water vessel 14 to
replenish the air supply therein, as required.
As seen in FIG. 7, vessel refill has commenced and the valve 48 of
the air inducer 25 is closed due to internal pressure within the
manifold 18. From the foregoing it should be apparent that water
stored in the water vessel 14 is free of disinfectant because the
flush valve 110 does not seal off the water vessel 14 until
disinfectant drawn into the water vessel 14 has ample time to exit
the water vessel 14 and enter the toilet bowl, thus protecting the
seals and other components of the pressurized flush system 10 from
deterioration.
In operation, as seen in FIG. 3, the water vessel 14 is fully
charged with air and water at, for example, 22 psi and the system
10 is ready for flush. Specifically, zones (A), (B), (C) and (E)
are at 22 psi. Zones (D), (F) and (G) are at atmospheric
pressure.
FIG. 5 illustrates the condition that obtains when flush action is
initiated. Flush occurs when the actuator spool 82 of the flush
valve actuator 22 is depressed, allowing pressurized water in zone
"C" to discharge through the actuator 22 into zone "D" thence to
zone "F" as well as to flow through the water inlet conduit 152 to
raise the level of disinfectant in the reservoir 150. The pressure
differential established between zone "E" and zone "C" forces the
piston 116 of the flush valve assembly 16 to lift, creating an
escape path for water in zone "E" through the discharge aperture
109 into the toilet bowl at zone "F". It is to be noted that the
piston 116 of flush valve assembly 16 lifts, for example, 0.40
inches, discharging only a corresponding volume of water from zone
"C". This volume of water is determined to be the amount of water
capable of being discharged through the flush valve actuator 22 in
1/4 second. As a result, the same amount of water is required after
each flush to refill zone "C" and cause the flush valve 110 to seal
regardless of whether the spindle 82 of the flush valve actuator 22
is depressed for more than 1/4 second.
As flush progresses, pressure in zone "E" begins to lower, allowing
the regulator 24 to begin opening and flow to begin through zone
"A" to zones "B" and "C", flow through zones "A" and "B" is at
maximum when pressure within vessel "E" is zero.
FIG. 6 illustrates the condition when pressurized flush is
substantially completed but water and disinfectant continue to flow
through the water vessel 14 into the toilet bowl for refill. In
this condition water flows into Zones "A", "B" and "C" but
disinfectant flows only into zones "B" and "E" thence to zone "F".
After the controlled amount of disinfectant has passed through zone
"B", air is induced through the air inducer 25 into zone "B",
thence into the water vessel 14. Until the flow of water into zone
"C" causes the flush valve piston 116 and the O-ring flush valve
110 to close against its seat 108, water flowing into zone "E" will
drain into zone "F" to refill the toilet bowl (not shown).
FIG. 7 illustrates the condition when bowl refill is completed, the
flush valve 110 is closed, and fill and pressurization of the water
vessel 14 begins. When this condition obtains all flow through zone
"A" is diverted through zone "B" into zone "E" of the water vessel
14. It is to be noted that when the piston 116 of the flush valve
assembly 16 is in the closed position and zone "C" is full of
water, the air inducer 25 closes due to pressure buildup in zones
"A", "B", "C" and "E".
As seen in FIG. 8, a modified water supply system to the
disinfectant container 26 comprises a water inlet conduit 252
having one end 254 connected to a nipple 256 which communicates
with the water discharge zone "E". Sizing of the orifice in the
nipple 256, in conjunction with the duration of flush, controls the
amount of water flowing through the tube 252 to the disinfectant
reservoir 26. An opposite end 258 of the water inlet conduit 152
extends into the reservoir 26. Discharge of disinfectant from the
reservoir 26 through the conduit 158 is as discussed herein.
It is to be noted that the pressurized water closet of the present
invention is fully operational without the use of the herein
described disinfectant reservoir 26. From the aforesaid description
it should be apparent that the water closet flushing system 10 of
the present invention has many unique features. Specifically, the
system 10 exhibits quiet discharge upon actuation since the flush
valve piston 116 opens instantaneously but moves upwardly
relatively slowly so as to gradually fill the water discharge
outlet 109. This relatively slow opening movement is controlled by
either the sizing of the flow path from zone "C" or the flow path
to zone "D". It is to be noted that the size of the needle valve
orifice 88 in conjunction with the needle valve 87 controls the
flow rate of new water into the upper chamber "C" of the flush
valve 16. In a constructed embodiment of the invention the annulus
is 0.00078 in.sup.2. Clogging of the annulus by particles in the
water supply system is minimized because, when depressed, the
needle valve 87 clears any foreign matter that lodges in the
orifice 88.
Refill volume of the toilet bowl can be varied by varying the
diameter of either the orifice 52 or the orifice 88 in conjunction
with the diameter of the tube 50 or needle valve 87, respectively,
which varies the ratio of water passed into zones "B" and "C"
respectively, thus speeding or slowing movement of the piston 116
and closure of the flush valve assembly 16 after flushing and/or
the amount of bowl refill water passed through the water vessel 14
to the toilet bowl (not shown). As a result, the system 10 can be
precisely tuned to different bowl configurations to obtain maximum
water conservation and performance. Bowl refill volume can also be
varied by changing the amount of water discharged from the upper
chamber "C" of the flush valve 16. For example, if 0.4" lift is
changed to 0.8" lift, the hold-open interval of the flush valve
will be more than doubled because more water must flow into the
upper chamber "C" to force the flush valve piston 116 back to its
seat. This also increases total flush volume.
Internal back-check is achieved by the free floating ball valves 68
and 72 in the pressure regulator 24. Under negative pressure
conditions, eg. water vessel 14 pressure higher than water supply,
the ball valves 68 and 72 move against the seats 78 and 79
respectively, closing off reverse flow.
Yet another unique feature of the pressurized water closet flushing
system 10 of the present invention is that the system consumes less
water at higher supply line pressure (i.e. 50 to 80 psi) than at
lower pressures (i.e. 20 psi). Stated in another manner, relatively
high supply pressure causes the flush valve piston 116 to close
relatively quickly after the vessel is flushed. Moreover, the
system 10 exhibits a minimum differential in water consumption at
varying pressures, for example, 20 to 80 psi.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed,
it should be appreciated that the invention is susceptible of
modification without departing from the spirit of the invention or
the scope of the subjoined claims.
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