U.S. patent number RE37,848 [Application Number 08/752,854] was granted by the patent office on 2002-09-17 for exhaust cleaning system for marine propulsion engine.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Masahiro Honda, Atsushi Isogawa, Masayoshi Nanami.
United States Patent |
RE37,848 |
Nanami , et al. |
September 17, 2002 |
Exhaust cleaning system for marine propulsion engine
Abstract
An exhaust cleaning system for a marine propulsion engine that
includes a catalyst positioned within a tube that communicates with
an expansion chamber. A cooling jacket extends around at least a
portion of the exhaust system and the liquid coolant is discharged
into the exhaust system for flow with the exhaust gases. A number
of different arrangements are shown for precluding the coolant from
flowing back into the exhaust system and contacting the catalyst
bed either when the watercraft is inverted and righted or in the
event the engine is stopped and restarted.
Inventors: |
Nanami; Masayoshi (Hamamatsu,
JP), Isogawa; Atsushi (Hamamatsu, JP),
Honda; Masahiro (Hamamatsu, JP) |
Assignee: |
Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
(JP)
|
Family
ID: |
16536031 |
Appl.
No.: |
08/752,854 |
Filed: |
November 21, 1996 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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Reissue of: |
071477 |
Jun 4, 1993 |
05366401 |
Nov 22, 1994 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jul 10, 1992 [JP] |
|
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4-207208 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
440/89R; 440/89H;
60/299 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02B
61/045 (20130101); B63H 21/24 (20130101); F01N
13/004 (20130101); F01N 3/043 (20130101); B63H
21/32 (20130101); B63B 34/10 (20200201); F01N
3/04 (20130101); F01N 3/046 (20130101); F01N
13/12 (20130101); F01N 3/2885 (20130101); B63H
21/14 (20130101); F01N 2590/022 (20130101); Y02T
10/12 (20130101); F01N 2590/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F01N
3/04 (20060101); F01N 7/00 (20060101); B63H
21/32 (20060101); F01N 3/28 (20060101); F01N
7/12 (20060101); B63H 021/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;440/88,89,900
;181/220,221,235 ;60/282,298,299,302 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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2345383 |
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Mar 1975 |
|
DE |
|
52-8932 |
|
Mar 1977 |
|
JP |
|
55-10043 |
|
Apr 1980 |
|
JP |
|
55-12233 |
|
Nov 1980 |
|
JP |
|
2-256814 |
|
Oct 1990 |
|
JP |
|
2-256817 |
|
Oct 1990 |
|
JP |
|
Primary Examiner: Avila; Stephen
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Knobbe, Martens, Olson & Bear,
LLP
Claims
We claim:
1. An exhaust system for a watercraft comprised of a hull
containing an internal combustion engine mounted within said hull
and having at least one exhaust port, said exhaust system being
comprised of an exhaust conduit having an inlet end communicating
with said exhaust port for receiving exhaust gases therefrom and an
outlet end exiting through said hull for discharging the exhaust
gases to the atmosphere in proximity to the body of water in which
the watercraft is operating in at least some conditions of said
watercraft, said exhaust conduit including means defining an
expansion chamber and a tube containing a catalyst bed contained
within said expansion chamber and through which exhaust gases must
pass, and means for precluding water in said exhaust conduit from
entering said tube end.
2. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 1
wherein the means for precluding water from entering the tube end
comprises baffle means.
3. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 2
wherein the baffle means is positioned in the expansion chamber in
confronting relationship to the tube end.
4. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 2
wherein the baffle means is disposed downstream of the expansion
chamber in the exhaust conduit.
5. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 1
wherein the means for precluding water in the exhaust conduit from
entering the tube end comprises valve means.
6. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 5
wherein the valve means is positioned downstream of the expansion
chamber.
7. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 6
wherein the valve means is moveable between an open position and a
closed position and is biased to one of said positions.
8. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 7
wherein the valve means is biased to its closed position and is
opened by the pressure of the exhaust gases when the engine is
running.
9. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 7
wherein the valve means is biased to its opened position and is
closed in response to inversion of the watercraft.
10. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 1
wherein the means for precluding water in the exhaust conduit from
entering the tube end comprises a further expansion chamber
disposed downstream in the exhaust conduit from the first mentioned
expansion chamber.
11. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 10
wherein the first expansion chamber communicates with the second
expansion chamber through a first pipe section and the second
expansion chamber communicates with the downstream end of the
exhaust conduit with a second pipe section and wherein the first
and second pipe sections are offset relative to each other.
12. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 10
wherein there is provided baffle means in the further expansion
chamber for precluding water from .[.impending.]. .Iadd.impinging
.Iaddend.on the catalyst bed.
13. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 12
wherein the first expansion chamber communicates with the second
expansion chamber through a first pipe section and the second
expansion chamber communicates with the downstream end of the
exhaust conduit with a second pipe section and wherein the first
and second pipe sections are offset relative to each other.
14. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 13
further including valve means for controlling the flow through one
of the pipe sections.
15. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 14
wherein the valve means is disposed in the first pipe section.
16. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 15
wherein the valve means is moveable between an open position and a
closed position and is biased to one of said positions.
17. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 16
wherein the valve means is biased to its closed position and is
opened by the pressure of the exhaust gases when the engine is
running.
18. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 16
wherein the valve means is biased to its opened position and is
closed in response to inversion of the watercraft.
19. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 10
further including means in the expansion chamber to form a well in
which water may accumulate.
20. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 19
wherein the expansion chamber includes a pipe section around which
the well is formed.
21. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 20
further including means in the additional expansion chamber for
forming a further well in which water may accumulate to a level
higher than that of the pipe section.
22. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 1
wherein the .[.tub.]. .Iadd.tube .Iaddend.divides the expansion
chamber into two expansion chamber sections.
23. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 22
wherein .Iadd.both sections of .Iaddend.the expansion chamber are
formed in a common housing.
24. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 23
further including means defining a cooling jacket around the
expansion chamber.
25. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 24
wherein the cooling jacket further encircles the pipe.
26. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 24
wherein the means for precluding water from entering the tube end
comprises baffle means.
27. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 26
wherein the baffle means is positioned in the expansion chamber in
confronting relationship to the tube end.
28. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 26
wherein the baffle means is disposed downstream of the expansion
chamber in the exhaust conduit.
29. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 24
wherein the means for precluding water in the exhaust conduit from
entering the tube end comprises valve means.
30. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 29
wherein the valve means is positioned downstream of the expansion
chamber.
31. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 30
wherein the valve means is moveable between an open position and a
closed position and is biased to one of said positions.
32. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 31
wherein the valve means is biased to its closed position and is
opened by the pressure of the exhaust gases when the engine is
running.
33. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 31
wherein the valve means is biased to its opened position and is
closed in response to inversion of the watercraft.
34. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 24
wherein the means for precluding water in the exhaust conduit from
entering the tube end comprises a further expansion chamber
disposed downstream in the exhaust conduit from the first mentioned
expansion chamber.
35. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 34
wherein the first expansion chamber communicates with the second
expansion chamber through a first pipe section and the second
expansion chamber communicates with the downstream end of the
exhaust conduit with a second pipe section and wherein the first
and second pipe sections are offset relative to each other.
36. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 34
wherein there is provided baffle means in the further expansion
chamber for precluding water from impending on the catalyst
bed.
37. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 36
wherein the first expansion chamber communicates with the second
expansion chamber through a first pipe section and the second
expansion chamber communicates with the downstream end of the
exhaust conduit with a second pipe section and wherein the first
and second pipe sections are offset relative to each other.
38. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 37
further including valve means for controlling the flow through one
of the pipe sections.
39. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 38
wherein the valve means is disposed in the first pipe section.
40. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 39
wherein the valve means is moveable between an open position and a
closed position and is biased to one of said positions.
41. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 40
wherein the valve means is biased to its closed position and is
opened by the pressure of the exhaust gases when the engine is
running.
42. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 40
wherein the valve means is biased to its opened position and is
closed in response to inversion of the watercraft.
43. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 34
further including means in the expansion chamber to form a well in
which water may accumulate.
44. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 43
wherein the expansion chamber includes a pipe section around which
the well is formed.
45. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 44
further including means in the additional expansion chamber for
forming a further well in which water may accumulate to a level
higher than that of the pipe section..Iadd.
46. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 1
additionally comprising at least one upstanding pipe section being
positioned downstream of the catalyst bed. .Iaddend..Iadd.
47. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 46
additionally comprising a water trap device which is positioned
between the upstanding pipe section and the outlet end.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
48. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 47
additionally comprising another upstanding pipe section arranged
between the water trap device and the outlet end.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
49. An exhaust system for a watercraft as set forth in claim 48,
wherein the pipe section, which is positioned between the water
trap device and the outlet end, has a transversely extending
section that is connected to the upstanding pipe section, and a
downwardly extending section that is connected to the transversely
extending section such that the pipe section has a gooseneck-like
shape. .Iaddend..Iadd.
50. A small watercraft comprising a hull defining a rider's area
toward an aft end of the watercraft and including a
centrally-located, straddle-type seat that extends generally along
the longitudinal axis of the watercraft hull, an internal
combustion engine driving a propulsion device to propel the
watercraft, said internal combustion engine being mounted within
the hull and having at least one exhaust port, and an exhaust
system including an inlet end communicating with the exhaust port
of the engine for receiving exhaust gases therefrom, and an outlet
end exiting through the hull for discharging the exhaust gases to
the atmosphere in proximity to the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating in at least some conditions of the
watercraft, at least a portion of the exhaust system extending
beneath the rider's area, a tube through which exhaust gases must
flow containing a catalyst bed for treating exhaust gases before
discharge through the outlet end, the tube being positioned within
an expansion chamber, a water trap device arranged within the
exhaust system between the outlet end and the catalyst bed, an
exhaust passage communicating with the chamber downstream of the
catalyst bed and delivering exhaust gases to the water trap device,
and a coolant jacket extending at least along a portion of the
chamber, the coolant jacket communicating with the exhaust passage
at a point between the catalyst bed and the water trap device so as
to introduce at least a portion of the coolant flowing through the
coolant jacket into an exhaust gas stream flowing through the
exhaust passage. .Iaddend..Iadd.
51. A small watercraft as in claim 50, wherein the exhaust passage
includes an upstanding section. .Iaddend..Iadd.
52. A small watercraft as in claim 50 additionally comprising an
exhaust pipe extending between the water trap device and the outlet
end, the exhaust pipe having an upstanding section and a
transversely extending section. .Iaddend..Iadd.
53. A small watercraft as in claim 50 additionally comprising a
baffle disposed within the exhaust passage. .Iaddend..Iadd.
54. A small watercraft as in claim 50 additionally comprising a
valve disposed within the exhaust passage. .Iaddend..Iadd.
55. A small watercraft as in claim 50 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
56. A small watercraft as in claim 50 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
57. A small watercraft comprising a hull defining a rider's area
toward an aft end of the watercraft and including a
centrally-located, straddle-type seat that extends generally along
the longitudinal axis of the watercraft hull, an internal
combustion engine driving a propulsion device to propel the
watercraft, said internal combustion engine mounted within said
hull and having at least one exhaust port, and an exhaust system
including an inlet end for communicating with said exhaust port of
the engine for receiving exhaust gases therefrom, and an outlet end
exiting through the hull for discharging the exhaust gases to the
atmosphere in proximity to the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating in at least some operating conditions of
the watercraft, said exhaust system extending through the hull
between the inlet and the outlet ends with at least a portion of
the exhaust system being disposed beneath the rider's area, a
catalyst bed positioned in the exhaust system, the catalyst bed
being positioned within a tube through which exhaust gases must
flow, the tube being disposed within an expansion chamber, a water
trap device arranged within the exhaust system between the outlet
end and the catalyst bed to receive a flow of mixed exhaust gases
and liquid coolant, an exhaust passage delivering exhaust gases to
the water trap device, a first exhaust pipe extending between the
catalyst bed and the water trap device and a second exhaust pipe
extending between the water trap device and the outlet end, the
first and second pipes each having a vertically upstanding portion
which inhibits water from entering the catalyst bed.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
58. A small watercraft as in claim 57 additionally comprising a
cooling jacket that is juxtaposed with at least a portion of the
exhaust system and through which the liquid coolant flows, the
cooling jacket communicating with the first exhaust pipe downstream
of the catalyst bed to discharge the liquid coolant into the
exhaust pipe for flow with the exhaust gases. .Iaddend..Iadd.
59. A small watercraft as in claim 57, wherein the second exhaust
pipe has an upstanding section and a transversely extending
section. .Iaddend..Iadd.
60. A small watercraft as in claim 57 additionally comprising a
baffle disposed within the first exhaust pipe. .Iaddend..Iadd.
61. A small watercraft as in claim 57 additionally comprising a
valve disposed within the first exhaust pipe. .Iaddend..Iadd.
62. A small watercraft as in claim 57 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
63. A small watercraft as in claim 57 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
64. A small watercraft comprised of a hull containing an internal
combustion engine mounted within the hull and having at least one
exhaust port, said hull having a longitudinal axis extending
between fore and aft ends of the watercraft, and an exhaust system
including an inlet end communicating with the exhaust port of the
engine for receiving exhaust gases therefrom, and an outlet end
exiting through the hull for discharging the exhaust gases to the
atmosphere in proximity to the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating in at least some conditions of the
watercraft, a section of the exhaust system housing a catalyst bed
for treating exhaust gases before discharge through the outlet end,
the section of the exhaust system comprising an expansion chamber,
the catalyst bed being positioned within a tube through which
exhaust gases must flow that is disposed within the expansion
chamber, a water trap device arranged within the exhaust system
between the outlet end and the catalyst bed, an exhaust passage
communicating with the section of the exhaust system downstream of
the catalyst bed and delivering exhaust gases to the water trap
device, and a coolant jacket communicating with the exhaust passage
at a point between the catalyst bed and the water trap device so as
to introduce at least a portion of the coolant flowing through the
coolant jacket into an exhaust gas stream flowing through the
exhaust passage, said water trap device being positioned within the
exhaust system behind an aft end of the engine. .Iaddend..Iadd.
65. A small watercraft as in claim 64, wherein the exhaust passage
includes an upstanding section. .Iaddend..Iadd.
66. A small watercraft as in claim 64 additionally comprising an
exhaust pipe extending between the water trap device and the outlet
end, the exhaust pipe having an upstanding section and a
transversely extending section. .Iaddend..Iadd.
67. A small watercraft as in claim 64 additionally comprising a
baffle disposed within the exhaust passage. .Iaddend..Iadd.
68. A small watercraft as in claim 64 additionally comprising a
valve disposed within the exhaust passage. .Iaddend..Iadd.
69. A small watercraft as in claim 64, wherein said hull defines a
rider's area toward an aft end of the watercraft and includes a
centrally-located, straddle-type seat that extends generally along
the longitudinal axis of the watercraft, and at least a portion of
the exhaust system extends beneath the rider's area.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
70. A small watercraft as in claim 64 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
71. A small watercraft as in claim 64 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
72. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area
sized to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an
engine compartment containing an internal combustion engine having
at least one exhaust port and an output shaft, the engine including
a cooling system, a propulsion device carried by the hull on the
underside thereof and being driven by the output shaft to propel
the watercraft, an exhaust system that extends through at least a
portion of the engine compartment to convey exhaust gases from the
engine exhaust port to the atmosphere, a catalyzer in the exhaust
system to treat exhaust gases before discharge to the atmosphere
and a cooling jacket juxtaposing at least a portion of the exhaust
system, the cooling jacket discharging at least a portion of the
coolant flowing through the cooling jacket to the body of water in
which the watercraft is operated through the exhaust system, the
catalyzer being located upstream of a point at which the cooling
jacket introduces coolant into the exhaust system and downstream of
a manifold of the exhaust system, the catalyzer comprising a
catalyst bed positioned within a tube through which exhaust gases
must flow, the tube being positioned within an expansion chamber of
the exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
73. A personal watercraft as in claim 72, wherein at least a
portion of the catalyzer is located behind a front end of the
engine. .Iaddend..Iadd.
74. A small watercraft as in claim 72 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
75. A small watercraft as in claim 72 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
76. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area so
as to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an engine
compartment containing an internal combustion engine having at
least one exhaust port and an output shaft, the engine including a
cooling system, a propulsion device carried by the hull on the
underside thereof and being driven by the output shaft to propel
the watercraft, an exhaust system that extends through at least a
portion of the engine compartment to convey exhaust gases from the
engine exhaust port to the atmosphere, a catalyzer in the exhaust
system to treat the exhaust gases before discharge to the
atmosphere, a cooling jacket extending along at least a portion of
the exhaust system and releasing at least a portion of coolant
flowing in the cooling jacket into the exhaust system, and a
discharge conduit connected to the cooling jacket, the discharge
conduit being formed separate from the exhaust system, the
catalyzer comprising a catalyst bed positioned within a tube
through which exhaust gases must flow, the tube being positioned
within an expansion chamber of the exhaust system.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
77. A personal watercraft as in claim 76, wherein the cooling
jacket communicates with the cooling system of the engine.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
78. A personal watercraft as in claim 76, wherein the discharge
conduit is arranged to discharge a portion of water flowing through
the cooling jacket independent of the exhaust system.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
79. A personal watercraft as in claim 76, wherein the discharge
conduit is attached to the cooling jacket downstream of the
catalyzer. .Iaddend..Iadd.
80. A personal watercraft as in claim 76, wherein the cooling
jacket is configured to discharge at least a portion of the coolant
flowing through the cooling jacket into the body of water in which
the watercraft is operated through the exhaust system.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
81. A small watercraft as in claim 76 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
82. A small watercraft as in claim 76 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
83. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area
sized to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an
engine compartment containing an internal combustion engine having
a cylinder block, at least one exhaust port and an output shaft,
the engine also including a cooling system, a propulsion device
carried by the hull on the underside thereof and being driven by
the output shaft to propel the watercraft, an exhaust system that
is connected to the cylinder block and that extends through at
least a portion of the engine compartment to convey exhaust gases
from the engine exhaust port to the atmosphere, a catalyzer in the
exhaust system to treat exhaust gases before discharge to the
atmosphere and a cooling jacket juxtaposing at least a portion of
the exhaust system, the cooling jacket discharging at least a
portion of the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket to the
body of water in which the watercraft is operated through the
exhaust system, the catalyzer being located upstream of a point at
which the cooling jacket introduces coolant into the exhaust system
and apart from the cylinder block, the catalyzer comprising a
catalyst bed positioned within a tube through which exhaust gases
must flow, the tube being positioned within an expansion chamber of
the exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
84. A personal watercraft as in claim 83, wherein at least a
portion of the catalyzer is located behind a front end of the
engine. .Iaddend..Iadd.
85. A personal watercraft as in claim 83 further comprising a
discharge conduit formed separately from the exhaust system, a
portion of the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket being
diverted from the coolant flow into the discharge conduit prior to
the coolant being discharged into the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating through the exhaust system.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
86. A small watercraft as in claim 83 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
87. A small watercraft as in claim 83 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
88. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area
sized to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an
engine compartment containing an internal combustion engine having
at least one exhaust port and an output shaft, the engine including
a cooling system capable of drawing water from a body of water in
which the watercraft is being operated, a propulsion device carried
by the hull on the underside thereof and being driven by the output
shaft to propel the watercraft, an exhaust system that extends
through at least a portion of the engine compartment to convey
exhaust gases from the engine exhaust port to the atmosphere, a
catalyzer in the exhaust system to treat exhaust gases before
discharge to the atmosphere, the cooling system communicating with
the exhaust system such that at least a portion of the water is
discharged through the exhaust system to the body of water in which
the watercraft is being operated, the catalyzer being located
upstream of a point at which the water is introduced into the
exhaust system and downstream of a manifold of the exhaust system,
the catalyzer comprising a catalyst bed positioned within a tube
through which exhaust gases must flow, the tube being positioned
within an expansion chamber of the exhaust system.
.Iaddend..Iadd.
89. A personal watercraft as in claim 88, wherein at least a
portion of the catalyzer is located behind a front end of the
engine. .Iaddend..Iadd.
90. A personal watercraft as in claim 88, wherein the water is
introduced from a portion of a cooling jacket that extends along at
least a portion of the exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
91. A small watercraft as in claim 88 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
92. A small watercraft as in claim 88 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
93. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area so
as to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an engine
compartment containing an internal combustion engine having at
least one exhaust port and an output shaft, the engine including a
cooling system, a propulsion device carried by the hull on the
underside thereof and being driven by the output shaft to propel
the watercraft, the cooling system receiving water from the
propulsion device, an exhaust system that extends through at least
a portion of the engine compartment to convey exhaust gases from
the engine exhaust port to the atmosphere, a catalyzer in the
exhaust system to treat the exhaust gases before discharge to the
atmosphere, the cooling system communicating with the exhaust
system such that a portion of the water is introduced into the
exhaust system and a portion of the water is expelled separate from
the exhaust system through a discharge conduit, the catalyzer
comprising a catalyst bed positioned within a tube through which
exhaust gases must flow, the tube being positioned within an
expansion chamber of the exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
94. A small watercraft as in claim 93 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
95. A small watercraft as in claim 93 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
96. A personal watercraft having a hull defining a rider's area
sized to accommodate at least one rider, the hull defining an
engine compartment containing an internal combustion engine having
a cylinder block, at least one exhaust port and an output shaft,
the engine also including a cooling system, a propulsion device
carried by the hull on the underside thereof and being driven by
the output shaft to propel the watercraft, the cooling system
receiving water from a body of water in which the watercraft is
being operated, an exhaust system that is connected to the cylinder
block and that extends through at least a portion of the engine
compartment to convey exhaust gases from the engine exhaust port to
the atmosphere, a catalyzer in the exhaust system to treat exhaust
gases before discharge to the atmosphere and the cooling system
communicating with the exhaust system such that at least a portion
of the water is introduced into the exhaust system and expelled
into the body of water in which the watercraft is being operated
through the exhaust system, the catalyzer being located upstream of
a point at which the water is introduced into the exhaust system
and apart from the cylinder block, the catalyzer comprising a
catalyst bed positioned within a tube through which exhaust gases
must flow, the tube being positioned within an expansion chamber of
the exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
97. A personal watercraft as in claim 96, wherein at least a
portion of the catalyzer is located behind a front end of the
engine. .Iaddend..Iadd.
98. A personal watercraft as in claim 96 further comprising a
cooling jacket that extends along at least a portion of the exhaust
system, a discharge conduit being formed separately from the
exhaust system, and a portion of the coolant flowing through the
cooling jacket being diverted from the coolant flow into the
discharge conduit prior to the coolant being discharged into the
body of water in which the watercraft is operating through the
exhaust system. .Iaddend..Iadd.
99. A small watercraft as in claim 96 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the catalyst. .Iaddend..Iadd.
100. A small watercraft as in claim 96 further comprising a second
expansion chamber positioned along the exhaust system upstream of
the expansion chamber containing the catalyst. .Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an exhaust cleaning system for a
.[.mrine.]. .Iadd.marine .Iaddend.propulsion engine and
particularly to a catalytic exhaust system for such an engine.
In watercraft it is well known that the exhaust gases from the
powering internal combustion engine are silenced and cooled by an
exhaust system which may include a water jacket that surrounds at
least a part of the exhaust system and/or by the discharge of
liquid coolant into the exhaust gases for discharge back into the
body of water in which the watercraft is operating along with the
exhaust gases. The exhaust gas discharge is either disposed below
the water level or in proximity to it. Although this type of
exhaust system is quite advantageous, there are some disadvantages
with it and certain problems which may arise.
For example, it is desirable to provide a catalyzer in the exhaust
system so as to insure against the emission of unwanted exhaust gas
constituents either into the atmosphere or into the body of water
in which the watercraft is operating. Catalyzers are particularly
useful in conjunction with two cycle engines wherein there may be
lubricating oil mixed with the exhaust gases. The catalyzer can
render the lubricating oil relatively harmless to the amorphous in
addition to treating the exhaust gases themselves.
However, most catalyzers operate with ceramic type beds and if any
water strikes the catalyzer bed, the bed can shatter or become
damaged. This is particularly true because of the high temperature
at which the catalyzer bed must be at to be operative. These
problems are particularly acute with certain types of watercraft
which, by their sporting nature, may be capsized and easily
righted. During such capsizing operation, water can enter the
exhaust system and when the watercraft is again righted, the water
can flow back to the catalyzer and cause it damage, as
aforenoted.
FIG. 1 of the drawings shows a small watercraft of the type with
which the problem aforenoted is particularly relevant, with the
watercraft being identified generally by the reference numeral 11.
The watercraft 11 includes a hull 12 having a rearwardly positioned
seat 13 on which one or more riders may sit in straddle, tandem
fashion. A watercraft control, such as a handle bar assembly 14, is
positioned forwardly of the seat 13 for controlling the steering of
the watercraft and the speed.
The watercraft hull 12 defines an engine compartment that is
positioned forwardly of the seat 13 and which contains an internal
combustion engine 14 of any known type. For example, the engine 14
may be a two cylinder in-line engine operating on the two stroke
principal. The engine 14 has a drive shaft that coupled to an
impeller shaft of a jet propulsion unit, indicated generally by the
reference numeral 15 and positioned in a tunnel 16 at the rear
underside of the hull 12 for powering the watercraft 11 in a known
manner.
Conventionally, the engine 14 is provided with an exhaust system
which transfers the exhaust gases from the exhaust port to an
exhaust discharge and a portion of this exhaust system constructed
in accordance with a prior art type of construction is shown in
FIG. 2. As may be seen in this figure, the engine 14 has a pair of
exhaust ports 17 that discharge into a combined exhaust manifold
and expansion chamber 18. An exhaust elbow, indicated generally by
the reference numeral 19 delivers these exhaust gases to a further
expansion chamber device, indicated generally by the reference
numeral 21. It should be noted that the exhaust manifold 18,
exhaust elbow 19 and expansion chamber device all have a double
walled construction and form respective cooling jackets 22, 23 and
24 each of which receive coolant from the engine 14 in a well known
manner. The coolant may be delivered to the cooling jackets 22, 23
and 24 by independent conduits or the coolant may be delivered to
one or both of the cooling jackets 22 and 23 in series or parallel
fashion from the engine cooling jacket and then delivered to the
cooling jacket 24 of the expansion chamber 21.
This coolant from the cooling jackets 22, 23 and 24 is normally
discharged back into the exhaust gases that flow from the exhaust
port 17 and as may be seen in FIG. 2, the expansion chamber 21 has
an inner shell 25 that has a discharge opening 26 that communicates
with an outlet pipe 27 but which passes through the cooling jacket
24 so that the engine coolant will be mixed with the exhaust gases
as they pass through the exhaust outlet 27. A flexible conduit 28
extends from the exhaust outlet 27 rearwardly as will be described
in conjunction with FIG. 1. The cooling jackets 22, 23 and 24
effectively cool the exhaust gases and also insure that the
manifold 18, elbow 19 and expansion chamber 21, which are all
positioned within the hull 12, will not be overheated.
Referring now again to FIG. 1, it should be seen that the flexible
exhaust conduit 28 extends to a water trap device 29 positioned at
the rear portion of the hull. The water trap device 29 has an
outlet portion 31 that extends to the tunnel 16 so as to deliver
the exhaust gases and entrained coolant back to the atmosphere and
body of water in which the watercraft is operating.
The type of watercraft 11 is very sporting in nature and can be
easily capsized and righted. The water trap device 29 insures that
water which may enter the exhaust outlet 31 will not pass back to
the exhaust port 17 and interiorly to the engine. However, since
coolant from the engine is discharged into the flexible conduit 28,
such inversion and righting can cause water from the engine coolant
jacket to flow backwardly into the expansion chamber 21, elbow 19
and exhaust manifold 18 and thus possibly enter the engine.
It is desirable to provide a catalyzer, as aforenoted, for treating
the exhaust gases and with the aforedescribed construction, water
from the cooling jackets 22, 23 and 24 may easily impinge upon the
catalyst and damage it.
It, therefore, a principal object to this invention to provide an
improved exhaust system for a watercraft wherein a catalyzer may be
employed and the catalyzer will be protected from possible damage
from the coolant present in the exhaust system and/or water from
the body of water in which the watercraft is operating.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved
catalytic exhaust cleaning system for a marine propulsion
engine.
It is a yet further object of this invention to provide an improved
exhaust cleaning system for an engine that embodies a catalyzer and
an effective device for insuring that the exhaust system may be
partially cooled by the engine coolant but this engine coolant
cannot come into contact with the catalyzer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is adapted to be embodied in a an exhaust system for
a watercraft that is comprised of a hull containing an internal
combustion engine and having at least one exhaust port. The exhaust
system is comprised of an exhaust conduit having an inlet end
communicating with the exhaust port for receiving exhaust gases
therefrom and an outlet end for discharging the exhaust gases to
the atmosphere in proximity to the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating in at least some conditions of the
watercraft. The exhaust conduit includes means defining an
expansion chamber and a tube containing a catalyzer bed
communicating at one end with the expansion chamber and through
which the exhaust gases must pass. Means are provided for
precluding water in the exhaust conduit from entering the tube end
and impinging on the catalyzer bed.
BRIEF OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a watercraft showing the
environment of the invention with portions broken away so as to
show the engine and its exhaust system and the jet propulsion unit
in solid lines.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross sectional view showing a prior art type
of exhaust system for a watercraft of the type shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view, in part similar to FIG. 2, and
shows a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view, in part similar to FIGS. 2 and 3,
and shows a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view, in part similar to FIGS. 2, 3 and
4, and shows yet another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view, in part similar to FIGS. 2
through 5, and shows a further embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE
INVENTION
Before proceeding to a detailed description of the four preferred
embodiments of the invention as specifically illustrated in FIGS. 3
through 6, it should be noted that these figures show a similar
area as that shown in FIG. 2 and embody some components which are
the same or substantially the same as the prior art type of
construction. Where that is the case, these components which are
the same or substantially the same as those employed in the prior
art have been identified by the same reference numerals and will be
described again only insofar as is necessary to understand the
construction and operation of the various preferred
embodiments.
Basically, the invention deals with portions for replacing the
expansion chamber 21 and its communication with the flexible
conduit 28. A first embodiment of construction of this type is show
in FIG. 3 and includes an expansion chamber, indicated generally by
the reference numeral 51. The expansion chamber 51 is provided with
an inner wall portion 52 that defines a first expansion chamber 53
that communicates directly with the exhaust elbow 19 through a
megaphone section 54. A second expansion chamber portion 55 is
spaced from the first expansion chamber portion 53 with the
expansion chamber portions 53 and 55 having facing walls 56 through
which a tube 57 extends for transfer of exhaust gases from the
expansion chamber 53 to the expansion chamber 55. A catalyzer bed
58 of a suitable configuration is positioned within the tube 57 so
that all exhaust gases passing from the expansion chamber 53 to the
expansion chamber 55 must come into contact with the catalyzer bed
58.
The expansion chamber device 51 has an outer shell 59 that is
spaced from the inner shell 52 and which defines a cooling jacket
61 which receives water from the elbow cooling jacket 23 through a
small bleed port 62.
The expansion chamber device 51 has a discharge portion 63 which
extends generally at a right angle to the tube 57 and catalyzed bed
58 and which is comprised of an inner pipe 64 which forms a part of
the inner shell 52 and an outer pipe that defines a further
extension of the cooling jacket 61 around this inner pipe 64. The
inner pipe 64 conveys only exhaust gases to a third expansion
chamber 65 of an expansion chamber device, indicated generally by
the reference numeral 66. The expansion chamber device 66 is formed
with an internal baffle 67 for a purpose to be described. Also, an
internal baffle 68 may be provided in the expansion chamber 55 in
confronting relationship across the tube 57 for protecting the
catalyst bed 58 in a manner which will be described.
The expansion chamber device 66 and specifically its expansion
chamber 65 is provided with a discharge port 68 which extend
parallel to the inlet port formed by the pipe 64 but which is
offset to it. The flexible conduit 28 is connected in communication
with the discharge port 68 but spaced outwardly from it to define a
water discharge gap 69 through which coolant may be discharged from
a cooling jacket 71 formed between the inner shell and an outer
shell 72 of the expansion chamber device 66. A further water
discharge passage 73 may be provided for discharging some water
independently of the exhaust gases.
As should be readily apparent, the water trap device 29 (FIG. 1)
will insure that water from the body of water in which the
watercraft is operating cannot flow forwardly to contact the
catalyst bed 58 if the water trap becomes inverted and is again
righted. However, since coolant from the cooling jackets 22, 23, 61
and 71 are discharged into the exhaust conduit 28, if the
watercraft is inverted and the engine is stopped there can be water
accumulate in the exhaust conduit 28. The construction is such to
insure that this water, however, cannot contact the catalyst bed 58
upon such inversion and/or righting.
First, the pipes 64 and 69 of the expansion chamber device 66 are
offset from each other and the pipe 64 extends into the expansion
chamber 65 so that any water that accumulates therein in an
inverted state cannot pass into the pipe 64. Further, the
offsetting and the interposed baffle 67 will insure that water
cannot pass directly from the pipe 68 to the pipe extension 64.
Furthermore, any water which may somehow pass back into the
expansion chamber 55 will be prevented from impending on the
catalyst bed 58 by the further baffle 68. Hence, the catalyzer
material is well protected and damage will not occur.
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment which is basically similar to the
embodiment of FIG. 3 and, therefore, components of this embodiment
which are the same or substantially the same as the previously
described embodiment have been identified by the same reference
numerals and will be described again only insofar as is necessary
to understand the construction and operation of this
embodiment.
In this embodiment, the construction of the interior of the
expansion chamber device 66 differs slightly from that of the
embodiment of FIG. 3 and thus only this portion of the construction
need be described in detail. It should be noted, however, that a
flexible joint 101 is provided in the conduit 63 that interconnects
the expansion chamber 51 with the expansion chamber device 66. In
this embodiment, a gravity biased valve 102 having a pendulum mass
103 is positioned in confronting relationship to the extension of
the pipe 64 that extends into the expansion chamber 65. The
pendulum 103 normally biases the valve 102 to its open position.
However, if the watercraft becomes inverted, the pendulum 103 will
close the valve 102 and preclude any water which may enter the
expansion chamber 65 from passing into the pipe section 64 and into
the expansion chamber 55. Again, the baffle 68 further assist in
insuring that any water which may escape into this area will not
impinge upon the catalyst bed 58. When the watercraft is righted,
the water can drain out of the expansion chamber 65 into the
conduit 28 and the valve 102 will then be biased back to its open
position by the gravity. Hence, this embodiment is also effective
in insuring good protection for the catalyst bed 58.
In the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4, the expansion chamber device
66 has been positioned vertically beneath the expansion chamber
device 51. In some arrangements, a reverse positioning may be
desirable and FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of such a construction
wherein the protection of the catalyst bed 58 is insured. This
embodiment has many features in common with those of the
embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 and where elements are the same or
substantially the same, they have been identified by the same
reference numerals and will be described again in detail only
insofar as is necessary to understand the construction and
operation of this embodiment.
In this embodiment, a further expansion chamber device, indicated
generally by the reference numeral 151 is positioned vertically
above the expansion chamber 55 of the expansion chamber device 51.
A vertically upwardly extending pipe section 152 interconnects the
expansion chamber 55 with an expansion chamber 153 formed by the
expansion chamber device 151. The expansion chamber 153
communicates with the flexible conduit 28 through a pipe section
154 with a water flow gap 156 being positioned therebetween.
A cooling jacket 157 through which coolant from the cooling jacket
61 of the expansion chamber device 51 may flow is provided. This
coolant will normally flow under the pressure of the exhaust gases
out of the flexible conduit 28. However, if the engine is stopped
due to either inversion and righting of the watercraft or for any
other reason, coolant may flow back into the expansion chamber
53.
To prevent this coolant from impacting on the catalyst bed 58, this
is provided a vertically extending baffle 158 in the expansion
chamber 53 that defines a first well "a" to one side of the pipe
extension 152 in which water may accumulate to the illustrated
level. If water flows over the top of the baffle 158 it will be
collected in a further well "b" formed around the extension of the
pipe 152 and thus trapped so that it will not flow into the
expansion chamber 55 which is now vertically below it.
For further protection, a baffle 159 may be provided in the
expansion chamber 55 that provides a still further well "c" in
which water may accumulate. Thus, the series of water traps in this
system will insure that water cannot impinge upon the catalyst bed
58. In addition, the baffles 158 and 159, pipe extension 152 and
offset of the pipes 152 and 154 will assist in insuring that water
cannot return back in the exhaust system and impact on the catalyst
bed 58. Of course, once the engine is restarted, any water
accumulating in the wells a, b and c will be vaporized and pass out
of the flexible conduit 28 back into the atmosphere or body of
water in which the watercraft is operating.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention which has the same
relationship to the embodiment of FIG. 5 with the embodiment of
FIG. 4 has to FIG. 3. That is, rather than baffling in the further
expansion chamber device 161, water protection is provided by
employing a gravity biased valve. Because this is the main
distinction between the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6, only this
different construction will be described and components which are
the same or substantially the same have been identified by the same
reference numerals.
In this embodiment, the connecting section 63 between the expansion
chamber device 51 and the expansion chamber 155 includes a flexible
coupling. The pipe extension 152 has associated with it a control
valve 201 which is offset relative to its pivot axis and which is
biased to a close position by a pendulum mass 202. In this
construction, when the engine is running the pressure of the
exhaust gases will cause the valve 201 to open and normal exhaust
flow can occur. However, the minute the engine 14 stops, the valve
201 will pivot to its closed position under the operation of the
pendulum 202 and any water which may accumulate in the expansion
chamber 153 cannot flow back into the expansion chamber 55 nor will
it be able to contact the catalyst bed 58.
It should be readily apparent from the foregoing description that
the described embodiments of the invention are extremely effective
in insuring good catalytic treatment of the exhaust gases of a
small watercraft which may become inverted and righted and which
has coolant discharged into the exhaust system. However, the
construction is such that no water can reach and damage the
catalyst bed regardless of whether the watercraft is inverted and
righted or not. Of course, the foregoing description is that of
preferred embodiments of the invention and various changes and
modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
* * * * *