U.S. patent number RE34,477 [Application Number 07/961,075] was granted by the patent office on 1993-12-14 for infectious/medical waste containment carrier.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Quality Containers International, Inc.. Invention is credited to James T. Cornwell.
United States Patent |
RE34,477 |
Cornwell |
December 14, 1993 |
Infectious/medical waste containment carrier
Abstract
This invention, Infections/Medical Waste Containment Carrier, is
a manufactured, flexable container in which solid and/or liquid
infectious/medical waste is placed for containment, storage,
transport and incineration. The Infectious/Medical Waste
Containment Carrier consists of three integral functional
components: 1. A coextruded polyethylene tube with walls of a given
thickness. 2. A closure pouch with a self-contained tie cord. 3. A
bottom seal of dual thermo-sealed bars with enforced cross members
and air pockets. Once the bottom seal is applied to the coextruded
polyethylene tube the tube becomes a bottom closed container. When
the pouch is applied at a specific position located in the center
and near the top of the container carrier and the bottom and top
are serrated, the containment carrier is constructed to serve as a
depository for infectious/medical waste. Once the
infectious/medical waste is deposited in the containment carrier,
the closure pouch opened and the tie cord is applied as directed,
the Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier becomes a
self-contained atmosphere that will not allow the emission of
solid, liquid or gas infectious/medical wastes. The
Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier's walls are
manufactured from a combination of polyethylene polymers that when
incinerated will not emit environmentally damaging gases. These
polymers when coextruded from a wall of the containment carrier
that is highly resistant to puncture and provides a high degree of
structural integrity.
Inventors: |
Cornwell; James T. (Cleveland,
TN) |
Assignee: |
Quality Containers International,
Inc. (Crossett, AR)
|
Family
ID: |
27037241 |
Appl.
No.: |
07/961,075 |
Filed: |
October 14, 1992 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
Reissue of: |
453761 |
Dec 20, 1989 |
05040904 |
Aug 20, 1991 |
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
383/71; 383/107;
383/121; 383/38; 383/40; 383/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
33/165 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
33/16 (20060101); B65D 033/28 (); B65D
030/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;383/94,107,108,210,61,62,71,38,39,40,121,5,37,123,903,907 ;206/522
;2/243R,274,275 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0868128 |
|
May 1961 |
|
GB |
|
1025034 |
|
Apr 1966 |
|
GB |
|
2186253 |
|
Aug 1987 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Shoap; Allan N.
Assistant Examiner: Pascua; Jes F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Notaro & Michalos
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A bag for infectious and medical waste containment
comprising:
(a) inner and outer walls of polyethylene;
(b) a bottom seal consisting of dual thermo-sealed bars and spaced
air-pockets between said thermo-sealed bars for reinforcement of
the bottom seal;
(c) a closed, polyethylene pouch thermo-sealed to the outer wall
with a closure cord to close the bag contained within the
pouch.
2. The bag of claim 1 wherein the outer wall is red in color.
3. The bag of claim 1 wherein the pouch includes a tab that is
integral with and alongside an edge of a pouch wall for
facilitating the opening of the pouch and releasing the closure
therefrom.
4. The bag of claim 3 wherein the closure cord is welded to the
inside of the pouch. .Iadd.
5. A seal between two layers of heat sealable polymer material,
which are a minimum of 2 mils thick, comprising:
a pair of straight parallel spaced apart thermo-sealed transverse
members and a plurality of thermo-sealed angle members each
extending at an acute angle between said transverse members and
defining and closing with said transverse members a plurality of
closed continuous triangular air-pockets extending along said seal,
two adjacent angle members forming each closed pocket, meeting only
at an apex of a respective closed continuous triangular pocket and
at one of said transverse members to close each pocket. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.
6. A seal according to claim 5, wherein said angle members each
extend at an angle of about 45 degrees to said transverse members.
.Iaddend. .Iadd.7. A seal according to claim 5, wherein the two
layers of sealable material comprises a tube of polyethylene
material. .Iaddend. .Iadd.8. A seal according to claim 5, wherein
each layer comprises a plurality of polymer layers each having a
thickness of at least two mils. .Iaddend. .Iadd.9. A seal according
to claim 5, including, in combination, the two layers forming a
bag, said seal comprising a bottom seal for said bag, the
combination including means for closing the bag at a location
spaced away from the bottom seal. .Iaddend.
Description
References Cited
______________________________________ U.S. Pats. U.S. Pat. No.
Class ______________________________________ 3,519,196 229/62
4,705,174 206/632 3,565,738 161/38 4,008,851 229/62 4,051,994
229/65 4,159,077 383/94 3,779,139 383/77 4,706,289 383/71
______________________________________
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention, Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier
consists of three integral functional components. A coextruded
polyethylene tube with walls at a given thickness. A closure pouch,
thermo-sealed to the outer wall of the containment carrier
containing a twelve (12) inch, fifty (50) pound test cord. The
center of the cord is welded to the inside back of the pouch, so
that when the top of the pouch is torn away each side of the cord
will fall free. A bottom seal, consisting of a dual thermo-sealed
bars and enforcements with spaced air-pockets. These air pockets
provide strength and insure that should the upper seal bar fail, at
any point across the web of the containment carrier, the
air-pockets will serve as collectors of any infectious/medical
waste residue liquid seepage.
The functional coextruded polyethylene containment carrier's walls
are constructed of a combination of polymers that are highly
resistent to puncture and offer a high degree of structural
integrety including resistance to rupture at impact and elongation
strength. The polymers also provide barriers to protect from
emission of odors and harmful gases that may be created by the
infectious/medical waste.
The closure pouch containing the tie closure cord is welded to the
structure of the pouch which is welded to the composition of the
wall of the containment carrier. The pouch can be opened with a
"quick zip" of the tab which removes the top cover of the pouch,
releasing the closure cord. With the infectious/medical waste
deposited in the containment carrier, the containment carrier is
then twisted using the containment carrier's walls above the top
level of the deposited infectious/medical waste until the twist
forms a tightly drawn extension of the containment carrier than is
then folded in an inverted "V" and is tightly wrapped with the
closure cord, then a series of overhand knots are tied to insure
the closure is leak-proof.
The seal when in place is positioned a short space from the bottom
opening of the containment carrier. Once the seal is applied to the
containment carrier, the bottom is such that the inner and outer
walls of the containment carrier are fused into one entity. The
seal is composed of thermo-sealed areas and added-strength
air-pockets. This combination provides a seal that is fail-proof
for the prevention of emission of infectious/medical waste--solids,
liquids or gases.
BACKGROUND
This invention, Infections/Medical Waste Containment Carrier,
provides a self-contained atmosphere for the containment of two (2)
to four (4) pounds of infections/medical waste generated by a
medical facility (hospital, laboratory, blood band, clinic,
practicing physician or dentist, ambulatory surgery center, nursing
home and/or home care center and medical research facility).
According to an article published in the Sept. 22/29, 1989, vol.
262, No. 12 issue of the Journal of the American Medical
Association entitled "Management of Infectious Waste by U.S.
Hospitals", approximately 23.9 million pounds of infectious waste
is generated by hospitals each day in some 13,600 hospitals (public
and private) in the United States. The estimate for
infectious/medical waste generated by medical laboratories (4,916);
blood banks (4,189); nursing and personal care facilities (889);
skilled nursing care facilities (6,921); nursing and personal care
facilities, NEC, (6,522); offices of health practitioners (11,767);
outpatient facilities (9,344); physician's offices (172,857); and
dentist offices (94,994) is approximately 18.7 million pounds per
day. The total infectious/medical waste generated per day in 1987
was 42.6 million pounds.
The term medical facility waste, medical waste and infectious waste
are often used approximately as synonymons. The term medical
facility waste refers to all solid waste (biologic or nonbiologic)
that is discarded and not intended for further use (eg,
administrative waste, dietary waste and non-toxic medical waste);
medical waste refers to toxic materials generated as a result of
patient diagnosis, treatment of imunization (eg, soiled dressing
and intravenous tubing); and infectious waste refers to that
portion of medical waste that could transmit an infectious disease
(eg, microbiological waste and "sharps").
Currently, the recommended procedure for the collection,
containment and transport of infectious/medical waste is either one
of three methods:
a. To utilize a 3 mil thick (or less thick) red opaque printed
(wording and symbol) polyethylene plastic bag in which the
infectious/medical waste is placed. The top of the bag is then
twisted and tied in an overhand knot. The bag, once tied,
containing between two (2) and four (4) pounds of
infectious/medical waste is then placed in a corrugated box
(generally 18".times.18".times.24") along with one to three other
bags of infectious/medical waste. The box is sealed with tape and
is labeled with wordings and symbols. It is stored in a cool or
refrigerated area, picked-up and transported to an incinerator.
b. To utilize a 1.5 mil thick red printed polyethylene plastic bag
(printed as in "a" above) in which the two (2) to four (4) pounds
of infectious/medical waste is placed. The bag is tied in an
overhand knot as in "a" above. The bag is then inserted into
another 1.5 mil thick red printed polyethylene bag and tied as in
"a" above. The double bags are then placed in a corrugated box with
one to three double bagged units and the procedure as in "a" above
is then followed.
c. To utilize a 3 mil thick orange opaque printed (wording and
symbol) polypropylene plastic bag, which is autoclavable, to
contain and transport two (2) to four (4) pounds of
infectious/medical waste. The bag containing the waste is tied off
with a standard twist tie and then autoclaved, then moved to an
incinerator. There are problems, primarily with "a" and "b"
procedures described above, that are identified below. These
problems are based on interviews with personnel handling
infectious/medical waste in 82 hospitals and 26 other medical
facilities in the United States:
1. "We can never find a tie to close the bag."
2. "Nobody tells us how to close the bag. Certainly, what's in an
infectious waste bag is a lot different than what's in a "Hefty"
garbage bag."
3. "The bags we get don't have seals that don't break. We get four
or five of these spills a week. It just means more labor costs to
get the mess cleaned up. Blood stains are real bad."
4. "Bags we use ain't so you can't see through them. Its not very
nice to see blood and guts. The bag should be so you can't see
through it."
5. "It's stupid to put a bag in a bag then both bags in a box. That
doesn't make good sense. We've got a little box that we place
needles and broken glass in so it can go in a bag without making a
hole in the bag. These things never get in a bag. Why doesn't
somebody come up with one bag that'll do the job."
6. "Bags are too thin. The seal doesn't hold. We are really scared
of getting some bug 'cause they break so often."
7. "Even with two bags, they still leak blood."
8. "You don't have to clean up old blood when one of those red bags
pop-open. I do!"
9. "We pay about 40 cents for a bag and about $1.25 for the box.
When you have to use two bags and a box, with sharps in another
container, something needs to be done. $2.05 for a way to handle
less than two pounds of infectious waste is too high. Plus,
clean-up cost when the bag breaks."
10. "When the seal goes, the blood and mess goes everywhere."
11. "There's no way! Two bags and a box aren't the answer."
12. "What we need is a bag. A simple bag that will do the
trick."
Thus, based on these comments which represent only a small but
majority feeling of some 296 received in talking with people in 106
medical facilities, the Infectious/Medical Waste Containment
Carrier has been developed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The drawings consist of nine (9) figure drawings with twenty-three
(23) identifiable and defined segments. The drawings represent the
concept of the invention; the construction of the invention and the
details of the basic components that comprise the invention.
FIG. 1 is the overall concept of the Infectious/Medical Waste
Containment Carrier which identifies the three basic
components.
FIG. 2 is a cut-away of the wall's layers as to structural
integrity.
FIG. 3 and 4 are of the pouch which is the closure component. These
drawings show the pouch in the closed and opened position.
FIG. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are the steps required in the closure
technique.
FIG. 9 is a detail of the seal which identifies the thermo-sealed
bars and the air-pockets.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates the overall configuration of the
Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier. The outer wall or web
of the containment carrier 1 is constructed as a tube from
polyethylene materials prior to the application of bottom seal 4
just above the serration 5. This seal 4 insures a leak-proof,
air-tight bottom of the containment carrier. The pouch 3 contains
the closure cord which is used when the infectious waste is
deposited in the containment carrier as the tie for fail-safe
closure procedure.
FIG. 2 is a detail of the construction of the outer wall 7 and
inner wall 6 of the containment carrier. The outer wall of the
carrier is shown as a layer of polymers 7 which is a minimum of two
(2) mil thick, made of a polymer with a melt index of 1.0; a
density of 0.918 which produces a rated elongation break of 600
(ASTMD882) and an impact strength of 200 (ASTMD1709/A). The inner
wall of the carrier 6 is a layer of polymers which is a minimum of
two (2) mil thick, made of a polymer composed of an ethylene-vinyl
acelate copolymer with a melt index of 0.50; a density between
0.923 and 0.932 and 5% red color concentrate. This combination
produces an elongation break of 700 (ASTMD638) with an impact
strength of 400 (ASTMD1709). The seal 4, the walls 6, 7 and the
serration 5 is shown for illustration purposes.
FIG. 3 is a schematic of the polyethylene closure pouch 3. The
pouch 3 is welded to the outer layer of the containment carrier 1.
It contains a folded twelve (12) inch tie cord, 50 pound test, 9 of
which a portion is welded to the back of the pouch 8 to insure the
tie cord 9 remains attached to the containment carrier 1. The
closure pouch 3 is constructed of polyethylene film. The back side
of the pouch 11 is welded to the outer layer of the containment
carrier 1. The front side of the pouch 10 is constructed with a tab
12 which when pulled from right to left FIG. 4, 10 and 12 opens,
releasing the tie cord FIG. 4, 9 attached to the pouch 8.
FIG. 4 illustrates the closure pouch 3 in the open position. The
back side of the pouch 11 is welded to a segment of the tie cord
while the tie cord 9 falls free for the closure procedure. The
front side of the pouch 10 with the quick tab 12 stays adjoined to
the bottom of the pouch at the fold line 13 to prevent litter. Once
the closure system has been utilized and the container carrier is
closed as identified in FIG. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the Infectious/Medical
Waste Container Carrier is removed for incineration.
FIG. 5, 6, 7 and 8 graphically illustrates the four steps in the
closure procedure.
Step 1: FIG. 5 shows the containment carrier 1 positioned in the
holder 20 with the holder's lid 18 and the containment carrier's
opening 19 for deposit of the infectious waste.
Step 2: The infectious waste is deposited in FIG. 5, 19 in the
Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier 1 which is removed
from the holder FIG. 5, 20. The infectious waste is positioned in
the lower portion of the containment carrier FIG. 6, 1 and the top
of the containment carrier 21 is drawn together manually, twisted
in a counter-clockwise direction until tight. The closure pouch 3
is then ready for opening.
Step 3: The Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier 1, with
the top of the containment carrier in a twisted manner FIG. 6, 21
configuration is then folded over FIG. 7, 22, the closure pouch 3
is opened, and the tie cord 23 falls free.
Step 4: FIG. 8 showes the Infectious/Medical Waste Containment
Carrier 1 with the closure pouch 3 opened and the twisted top
folded over 24. The closure pouch tie cord 23 is then wrapped
around the twisted, folded-over top 24 of the containment container
1 and knotted tightly to insure the fail-proof closure. The
Infectious/Medical Waste Containment Carrier is ready for removal
to an incinerator.
FIG. 9 illustrates the construction of the seal. The containment
carrier 1 is closed at the bottom, just above the serration 5 by a
dual thermo-sealed bar 14, 15, and 17 are the air-pockets 16. These
air-pockets 16 add strength to the construction of the total seal
.Iadd.in .Iaddend.FIG. 1.[., 4.].. Air-pockets 16 are formed
between adjacent pairs of angled members that extend at 45 degrees
to the sealed bars 14, 15. The sealed bars comprise a pair of
straight parallel spaced apart transverse members with two adjacent
angle members forming each triangular pocket, meeting at an apex of
a respective triangular pocket, and at one of the transverse
members.
* * * * *