U.S. patent number RE33,689 [Application Number 07/346,909] was granted by the patent office on 1991-09-10 for objective lens system for endoscopes.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Kimihiko Nishioka.
United States Patent |
RE33,689 |
Nishioka |
September 10, 1991 |
Objective lens system for endoscopes
Abstract
An objective lens system for endoscopes having favorably
corrected distortion. Said lens system comprising a front lens
group having negative refractive power and a rear lens group having
positive refractive power, arranged in said front lens group is a
lens component having an aspherical surface having portions whose
curvature is increased as they are farther from the optical axis or
decreases as they are farther from the optical axis.
Inventors: |
Nishioka; Kimihiko (Tokyo,
JP) |
Assignee: |
Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
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Family
ID: |
12158875 |
Appl.
No.: |
07/346,909 |
Filed: |
May 3, 1989 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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Reissue of: |
701039 |
Feb 12, 1985 |
04662725 |
May 5, 1987 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 15, 1984 [JP] |
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59-25183 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
359/708 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B
23/243 (20130101); G02B 13/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G02B
13/18 (20060101); G02B 23/24 (20060101); G02B
009/34 (); G02B 009/62 (); G02B 009/64 (); G02B
013/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;350/432 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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0121547 |
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Nov 1974 |
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JP |
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0173810 |
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Oct 1982 |
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JP |
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Primary Examiner: Arnold; Bruce Y.
Assistant Examiner: Cass; Rebecca D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cushman, Darby & Cushman
Claims
I claim:
1. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes comprising a front
lens group having negative refractive power, a rear lens group
having positive refractive power in the order from object side, and
a stop arranged between said front and rear lens groups, said front
lens group comprising a negative lens element having a concave
surface having a selected curvature which is strong and a positive
lens element, and said rear lens group having at least two positive
lens components, one of said positive lens components being a
cemented doublet having a positive lens element and negative lens
element the cemented surface of which is convexed to the image
side, and at least one of the lens components in said front lens
group having an aspherical surface on the object side thereof
including portions whose curvature is gradually increased as the
distance thereof increases from the optical axis.
2. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 1
wherein said aspherical surface is expressed by the following
formula when the optical axis is taken as the x axis, and the
straight line passing through the top of said aspherical surface
and is perpendicular to the x axis is taken as the y axis:
##EQU10## wherein the reference symbol C represents an inverse
number of the radius of a circle in contact with said aspherical
surface in the vicinity of the optical axis, the reference symbol P
designates a parameter representing shape of said aspherical
surface, and the reference symbols B, E, F, G, . . . denote the
second power, fourth power, sixth power, eighth power aspherical
surface coefficients respectively.
3. An object lens system for endoscopes according to claim 2
wherein said system includes a factor A and wherein factor A
satisfies the following formula when degree of deflection angle K
for the principal ray is expressed as ##EQU11## wherein the
reference symbol 2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference
symbol H designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of
-1 when said aspherical surface is arranged on the object side of
said lens component.
4. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component, a cemented doublet
and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group comprises a
cemented doublet, a positive lens component, a cemented doublet and
a cover glass, and the object side surface of the second negative
meniscus lens component as counted from the object side in said
front lens group is designed as the aspherical surface, said
objective lens system having the following numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.20 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.19 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.11 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.11 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
5. An object lens system for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component, a nemiscus lens
component and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group
comprises a cemented doublet, a positive lens component, a cemented
doublet and a cover glass, and the object side surface of the
second negative meniscus lens component as counted on from the
object side in said front lens group is designed as an aspherical
surface, said objective lens system having the following numerical
data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.19 represent
radii of curvature on the surraces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.18 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.10 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbol .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.10 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
6. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component, a plane parallel
plate and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group comprises
a cemented doublet, a positive lens component, a cemented doublet
and a cover glass, and the extreme object side surface is designed
as an aspherical surface, said objective lens system having the
following numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.19 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.18 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.10 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.10 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
7. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein said front lens group comprises a positive meniscus lens
component, a cemented doublet, a negative meniscus lens component,
a positive lens component and a meniscus lens component, said rear
lens group comprises a cemented doublet, a positive lens component,
a cemented doublet and a cover glass, and the object side surface
of the second cemented doublet as counted from the object side in
said front lens group is designed as an aspherical surface, said
objective lens system having the following numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.22 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.21 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.12 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.12 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
8. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein said front lens group comprises a positive meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component a negative meniscus
lens component, a meniscus lens component and a meiscus lens
component, said rear lens group comprises a cemented doublet, a
positive lens component, a cemented doublet and a cover glass, and
the object side surface of the second lens component as counted
from the object side in said front lens group is designed as an
aspherical surface, said objective lens system having the following
numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.2 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.20 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.11 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.11 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
9. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to claim 3
wherein factor A further satisfies the following formula when
degree of deflection angle K for the principal ray is expressed as
K=A.omega..sup.3 H.sigma.: ##EQU12## wherein the reference symbol
2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference symbol H
designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of -1 when
said aspherical surface is arranged on the object side of said lens
component.
10. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes comprising a front
lens group having negative refractive power, a rear lens group
having positive refractive power in the order from object side, and
a stop arranged between said front and rear lens groups, said front
lens group comprising a negative lens element having a concave
surface having a selected curvature which is strong and a positive
lens element, and said rear lens group having at least two positive
lens components, one of said positive lens components being a
cemented doublet having a positive lens element and negative lens
element the cemented surface of which is convexed to the image
side, and at least one of the lens components in sid front lens
group having an aspherical surface on the image side thereof
including portions whose curvature gradually decreases as the
distance thereof decreases from the optical axis.
11. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 10
wherein said aspherical surface is expressed by the following
formula when the optical axis is taken as the x axis, and the
straight line passing through the top of said aspherical surface
and is perpendicular to the x axis is taken as the y axis:
##EQU13## wherein the reference symbol C represents an inverse
number of the radius of a circle in contact with said aspherical
surface in the vicinity of the optical axis, the reference symbol P
designates a parameter representing shape of said aspherical
surface, and the reference symbols B, E, F, G, . . . denote the
second power, fourth power, sixth power, eighth power aspherical
surface coefficients respectively.
12. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 11
wherein said system includes a factor A wherein factor A satisfies
the following formula when degree of deflection angle K for the
principal ray is expressed as ##EQU14## wherein the reference
symbol 2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference symbol H
designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of +1 when
said aspherical surface is arranged on the image side of said lens
component.
13. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 12
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component, a cemented doublet
and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group comprises a
cemented doublet, a positive lens component, a cemented doublet
aand a cover glass, and the image side surface of the second lens
component as counted from the object side in said front lens group
is designed as an aspherical surface, said objective lens system
having the following numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.20 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.19 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.11 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.11 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
14. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 12
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens components, a cemented doublet
and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group comprises a
plane parallel plate, a cemented doublet and a cemented doublet,
and the image side surface of the second lens component as counted
from the object side in said front lens group is designed as an
aspherical surface, said objective lens system having the following
numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.17 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.16 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.10 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.10 represent Abbe's
numbers of .nu. the respective lens elements.
15. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 12
wherein said front lens groups comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative lens component and a cemented doublet, said
rear lens group comprises a cemented doublet, a positive lens
component, a cemented doublet and a cover glass, and the image side
surface of the second negative lens component as counted from the
object side in said front lens group is designed as an aspherical
surface, said objective lens system having the following numerical
data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.18 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.17 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.10 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.10 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
16. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to claim
12 wherein factor A satisfies the following formula when degree of
deflection angle K for the principal ray is expressed as
K=A.omega..sup.3 H.sigma.: ##EQU15## wherein the reference symbol
2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference symbol H
designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of +1 when
said aspherical surface is arranged on the image side of said lens
component.
17. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes comprising a front
lens group having negative refractive power, a rear lens group
having positive refractive power in the order from object side, and
a stop arranged between said front and rear lens groups, said front
lens group comprising a negative lens element having a concave
surface having a selected curvature which is strong and a positive
lens element, and said rear lens group having at least two positive
lens components, one of said positive lens components being a
cemented doublet having a positive lens element and negative lens
element the cemented surface of which is convexed to the image
side, at least one of the lens components in said front lens group
having an aspherical surface on the object side thereof including
portions whose curvature is gradually increased as the distance
thereof from the optical axis increases, and at least one of the
lens components in said front lens group having an aspherical
surface on the image side thereof including portions whose
curvature is gradually decreased as the distance thereof from the
optical axis increases.
18. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 17
wherein said aspherical surfaces are expressed by the following
formula when the optical axis is taken as the x axis, and the
straight line passing through the top of said aspherical surface
and is perpendicular to the x axis is taken as the y axis:
##EQU16## wherein the reference symbol C represents an inverse
number of the radius of a circle in contact with said aspherical
surface in the vicinity of the optical axis, the reference symbol P
designates a parameter representing shape of said aspherical
surface, and the reference symbols B, E, F, G, . . . denote the
second power, fourth power, sixth power, eighth power aspherical
surface coefficients respectively and where A is a proportional
constant 2.omega. is the view angle, H is the distortion correcting
ratio and .alpha.=(-1).
19. An object lens system for endoscopes according to claim 18
wherein said system includes a factor A and wherein factor A
satisfies the following formula when degree of deflection angle K
for the principal ray is expressed as K=A.multidot..omega..sup.3
.multidot.H.multidot..sigma.: ##EQU17## wherein the reference
symbol 2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference symbol H
designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of -1 when
said aspherical surface is arranged on the object side of said lens
component or +1 when said aspherical surface is arranged on the
image side of said lens component.
20. An objective lens system for endoscopes according to claim 19
wherein said front lens group comprises a negative meniscus lens
component, a negative meniscus lens component, a cemented doublet
and a meniscus lens component, said rear lens group comprises a
cemented doublet, a positive lens component, a cemented doublet and
a cover glass, and both surfaces of the second negative meniscus
lens component as counted from the object side in said front lens
group are respectively designed as aspherical surfaces, said
objective lens system having the following numerical data:
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1 through r.sub.20 represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1 through d.sub.19 designate
thicknesses of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1 through n.sub.11 denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1 through .nu..sub.11 represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
21. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to claim
19 wherein factor A satisfies the following formula when degree of
deflection angle K for the principal ray is expressed as
K=A.omega..sup.3 H.sigma.: ##EQU18## wherein the reference symbol
2.omega. represents angle of view, the reference symbol H
designates correction ratio and .sigma. denotes a value of -when
said aspherical surface is arranged on the object side of said lens
component or +1 when said aspherical surface is arranged on the
image side of said lens component. .Iadd.
22. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes comprising, a front
lens group having negative refractive power, a rear lens group
having positive refractive power in the order from the object side,
and a stop arranged between said front and rear lens groups, said
front lens group comprising at least one lens element, one of which
is a negative lens element having a concave surface having a
selected curvature which is strong, and said rear lens group having
at least two positive lens components, and at least one lens
element in said front lens group having an aspherical surface on
the object side thereof including portions whose curvature is
gradually increased as the distance thereof increases from the
optical axis. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. A retrofocus-type objective for
endoscopes according to claim 22, one of said two positive lens
components in said rear lens group being a cemented doublet having
a positive lens element and negative lens element. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.24. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to
claims 22 or 23, wherein said front lens group includes a positive
lens element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.25. A retrofocus-type objective for
endoscopes comprising a front lens group having negative refractive
power, a rear lens group having positive refractive power in the
order from the object side, and a stop arranged between said front
and rear lens groups, said front lens group comprising at least one
lens element, one of which is a negative lens element having a
concave surface having a selected curvature which is strong, and
said rear lens group having at least two positive lens components,
and at least one lens element in said front lens group having an
aspherical suface on the image side thereof including portions
whose curvature gradually decreases as the distance thereof
increases from the optical axis. .Iaddend. .Iadd.26. A
retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to claim 24, one
of said two positive lens components in said rear lens group being
a cemented doublet having a positive lens element and a negative
lens element. .Iadd.27. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes
according to claim 25 or 26, wherein said front lens group includes
a positive lens element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.28. A retrofocus-type
objective for endoscopes comprising a front lens group having
negative refractive power, a rear lens group having positive
refractive power in the order from the object side, and a stop
arranged between said front and rear lens groups, said front lens
group comprising at least one lens element, one of which is a
negative lens element having a concave surface having a selected
curvature which is strong, and said rear lens group having at least
two positive lens components, at least one of the lens elements in
said front lens group having an aspherical surface on the object
side thereof including portions whose curvature is gradually
increased as the distance thereof from the optical axis increases,
and at least one of the lens elements in said front lens group
having an aspherical surface on the image side thereof including
portions whose curvature is gradually decreased as the distance
thereof from the optical axis increases. .Iaddend. .Iadd.29. A
retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes according to claim 28,
wherein said front lens group includes a positive lens element.
.Iaddend. .Iadd.30. A retrofocus-type objective for endoscopes
according to claims 28 or 29, wherein said front lens group
includes a positive lens element.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an objective lens system for
endoscopes using optical fiber bundles or relay lenses as an image
transmission optical system, and more specifically to an objective
lens system having favourably corrected distortion.
(b) Description of the Prior Art
As the conventional objective lens systems for endoscopes of the
retrofocus type as shown in FIG. 1, there has already been known,
for example, the one disclosed by Japanese published unexamined
patent application No. 121547/74.
This objective lens system for endoscopes of retrofocus type
comprises a lens group I having negative refractive power and a
rear lens group II having positive refractive power which are
arranged on the object side and image side respectively with a stop
S interposed therebetween. This objective lens system is so
designed as to obtain a wide angle by strongly refracting the
principal ray P with the negative lens group I arranged before the
stop S. Further, the positive lens group II arranged after the stop
S functions to make the principal ray P incident on the image
surface in parallel with the optical axis.
The objective lens system is so designed as to minimize loss of
light in the image guide G by making the principal ray P emerging
from the objective lens incident perpendicularly on the end surface
of the image guide G.
When the objective lens system of this type is to be applied to an
endoscope equipped with relay lenses, the principal ray P is made
perpendicular to the image surface O' as shown in FIG. 2 to
minimize loss of rays in the relay lenses R.
The conventional objective lens system for endoscopes of retrofocus
type satisfies two requirements for an objective lens system for
endoscopes, i.e., a wide angle and perpendicular incidence of the
principal ray on the image surface. However, there still remains a
defect that negative distortion is remarkable in the objective lens
system for endoscopes.
In the objective lens system for endoscopes shown in FIG. 1, for
example, distortion is -21% at .omega.=37.degree. (2.omega.=angle
of view). In addition, negative distortion is remarkable in the
other conventional objective lens systems of retrofocus type as is
seen from the relationship between angle of view and distortion
listed in Table 1:
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ .omega. 20.degree.
30.degree. 40.degree. 50.degree. 60.degree.
______________________________________ Distortion -6% -13.5% -23%
-36% -50% ______________________________________
In order to correct the negative distortion, it is contrived to
arrange an aspherical surface in the objective lens system. As an
example of objective lens systems having distortion nd other
aberrations corrected with an aspherical surface, there have been
known the one disclosed by Japanese published unexamined patent
application No. 173810/82. However, distortion is not corrected
sufficiently in this objective lens system though it has a narrow
angle of view (2.omega.) of 56.degree..
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A general object of the present invention is to provide a
wide-angle objective lens system for endoscopes comprising a
negative front lens group and a positive rear lens group, and
having distortion minimized by arranging at least one lens
component having aspherical surface in said negative front lens
group.
The objective lens system for endoscopes according to the present
invention has the composition, for example, shown in FIG. 3.
Speaking concretely, the objective lens system according to the
present invention comprises a lens group I (front lens group)
having negative refractive power, a lens group II (rear lens group)
having positive refractive power and a stop S arranged in the
vicinity of the front focal point of said lens group II. One of the
lens components arranged in said front lens group I has an object
side surface (for example, the surface R.sub.1 shown in FIG. 3)
which is designed as an aspherical surface having portions whose
curvature gradually increases as they are farther from the optical
axis. Alternately, the objective lens system for endoscopes
according to the present invention has the composition shown in
FIG. 4, and comprises a negative front lens group I, a positive
rear lens group II and a stop S arranged in the vicinity of the
front focal point of said lens group II, one of the lens components
arranged in said front lens group I having portions whose curvature
gradually decreases as they are farther from the optical axis. The
aspherical surfaces of these lenses are symmetrical with regard to
the optical axis, like the other types of lenses.
The objective lens system for endoscopes according to the present
invention is so designed as to correct negative distortion
sufficiently by arranging the aspherical surface having the shape
described above.
The negative distortion can be corrected by arranging the
aspherical surface having above-described shape for the reason
described below:
As reverse tracing of the principal ray from the image side
clarifies, the conventional objective lens system for endoscopes
having the composition shown in FIG. 1 produces remarkable negative
distortion because the principal ray is refracted, as image height
increases, in such a direction as to widen angle of view by the
front and rear lens groups I and II which are arranged before and
after the stop S.
Therefore, it is possible to correct the remarkable negative
distortion by arranging a lens component having a surface including
at least an aspherical surface including portions whose refractive
power for the principal ray is continuously weakened as they are it
is farther from the opical axis.
It is therefore sufficient to design one of the lens components in
the front lens group I arranged before the stop S so as to have an
object side surface having portions whose curvature is gradually
increased as they are farther from the optical axis as shown in
FIG. 3, or one of the lens components in the front lens group I so
as to have an image side surface having portions whose curvature is
gradually decreased as they are farther from the optical axis as
shown in FIG. 4.
The above mentioned surface having portions whose curvature is
gradually increased as they are farther from the optical axis can
include the aspherical surfaces having shapes shown in FIG. 5 and
FIG. 6. "Curvature" used herein should be interpreted as a term
including positive or negative sign. Speaking concretely, curvature
at a point should be considered as negative when center of
curvature of a spherical surface in contact with the lens surface
at an optional point on said lens surface is located on the object
side or positive when the center of curvature is located on the
image side. Accordingly, the aspherical surface shown in FIG. 5 is
an example having curvature increasing as it is farther from the
optical axis (increasing from negative curvature of concavity on
the object side to positive curvature of convexity on the object
side), whereas the aspherical surface shown in FIG. 6 is an example
having curvature increasing and then decreasing as it is farther
from the optical axis.
The aspherical surface shown in FIG. 6 is also effective to correct
the distortion because undulation of distortion curve as shown in
FIG. 7 poses no practical problem and because the peripherical
portions of the aspherical surface shown in FIG. 6 has no relation
to correction of distortion since the lower ray passes through the
peripheral portions but the principal ray does not.
The aspherical surface having portions whose curvature is decreased
as they are farther from the optical axis includes the examples
shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
The aspherical surface arranged in the objective lens system for
endoscopes according to the present invention is, when it is
designed as an object side surface of a lens component, a surface
having curvature gradually increasing at least on its portions
including the surfaces shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. When the
aspherical surface is designed as an image side surface of a lens
component, it is a surface having curvature gradually decreasing at
least on its portions including the surfaces shown in FIG. 8 and
FIG. 9. A lens system including at least one aspherical surface of
this type can correct distortion favourably.
Now, shape of the aspherical surface required for correcting
distortion will be described quantitatively.
An aspherical surface can generally be expressed by the following
formula (1): ##EQU1## wherein the reference symbols x and y
represent values on coordinates on which the optical axis is traced
as x axis taking the image direction as positive and y axis is
traced perpendicularly to the x axis taking the intersect between
the aspherical surface and optical axis as origin O, the reference
symbol C designates a curvature of a spherical surface in contact
with the aspherical surface in the vicinity of the optical axis,
reference symbol P denotes a parameter representing shape of the
aspherical surface, and the reference symbols E, F, G, . . .
represent the second power, fourth power, sixth power, eighth power
aspherical surface coefficients respectively.
Now, let us consider a circle which is in contact on the optical
axis with the aspherical surface expressed by the formula (1). A
spherical surface having C as an inverse number of its radius is
generally expressed by the following formula: ##EQU2##
In case of C.noteq.0 and B=0 in the formula (1), the spherical
surface in contact on the optical axis with the aspherical surface
can be expressed by the following formula (2): ##EQU3##
In case of C=0 in the formula (1), the spherical surface in contact
on the optical surface with the aspherical surface can be expressed
by the following formula (3): ##EQU4##
Distortion is corrected by properly adjusting difference .DELTA.
between the aspherical surface expressed by the formula (1) and the
spherical surface expressed by the formula (2) or (3). That is to
say, distortion is corrected by properly adjusting .DELTA.
expressed by the following formula (4):
Speaking more strictly, distortion is corrected by properly
adjusting deflection angle K of the principal ray caused by
.DELTA., i.e., K given by the following formula (5): ##EQU5##
wherein the reference symbol n represents refractive index of the
constituent substance of the aspherical surface lens component and
the reference symbol y.sub.c designates height of the principal ray
having the maximum image height on the aspherical surface, y.sub.c
is smaller than 0 at a point before the stop.
Now, let us define correcting ratio of distortion as expressed by
the following formula (6): ##EQU6##
In this formula (6), the reference symbol D represents distortion
remaining in a lens system whose distortion is corrected with an
aspherical surface and the reference symbol D.sub.s designates
distortion in the same lens system composed only of spherical
surface lens components without using an aspherical surface.
D.sub.s can be determined, for example, directly or by
interpolation from the Table 1 summarizing the data on the
conventional examples.
According to the aberration theory, it is already known that
distortion increases in proportion to cube of the angle .omega.
(2.omega.=angle of view) of objective lens system. Hence, the
above-mentioned deflection angle K of the principal ray produced by
aspherical surface is approximately expressed by the following
formula (7):
wherein the reference symbol A represents a proportional constant
which is variable depending on degree of distortion correctable
with lens surfaces other than the asphercal surface. A has a small
value when distortion is corrected to a high degree with lens
surfaces other than the aspherical surface, and vice versa.
Further, when the principal ray P incident on the image surface
forms a negative angle .theta. deviating from 0.degree. with the
image surface as shown in FIG. 11, A has a value smaller than its
value at .theta.=0. In addition, let us assume that .sigma. has a
value of -1 when the aspherical surface is arranged on the object
side of a lens component, or a value of 1 when the aspherical
surface is arranged on the image side of a lens component.
Moreover, let us assume that .omega. has a value within a range of
.omega.>0 expressed in unit of degree.
When a plural number N of aspherical surfaces are arranged within
an objective lens system, K has a value equal to total of values on
the respective surfaces. That is, K is expressed by the following
formula (8): ##EQU7##
In case of C=0 in the formula (5), the square root in the formula
(1) or (2) has a negative value when value of Y.sub.c exceeds
radius of contact circle R=1/C, i.e., in a range of y.sub.c
.ltoreq.R. In such a case, let us select a value of y.sub.c within
the range defined below and calculate H by using the formula (6) at
the angle .omega. corresponding to the value of Y.sub.c :
In the foregoing descriptions, A should desirably have a value
within the range defined below when other aberrations, etc. are
taken into consideration:
If the limit is exceeded, the meridional image plane will be
undercorrected, thereby resulting in undesirable effect to produce
remarkable astigmatic difference.
The upper limit of value of A is variable depending also on F
number of lens systems. When image quality is taken into
consideration, upper limit of value of A for an optional F number
is defined as follows: ##EQU8##
Therefore, it is possible to obtain an objective lens system for
endoscopes having little distortion and excellent imaging
performance by determining shape of aspherical surface so as to
satisfy the formula (10).
In addition, an objective lens system which is a little low in its
imaging performance but has favourably corrected distortion may be
desired for practical use. When this point is taken into
consideration, the range defined by the formula (10) can be widened
to that expressed by the following formula (11): ##EQU9##
Further, curvature of field produced by a single lens surface is
generally proportional to square of height of ray, whereas
distortion is proportional to cube of height of ray. Therefore,
higher ray is more desirable to correct distortion only without
varying curvature of field. For this reason, it is desirable to
design a lens surface having a high transmitting section for the
principal ray, for example, the first object side surface in the
lens system shown in FIG. 3, as an aspherical surface. That is to
say, an objective lens system having high imaging performance can
be obtained by designing the first object side surface so as to
satisfy the formula (11).
As is understood from the foregoing descriptions, it is possible to
determine a shape of aspherical surface capable of favourably
correcting distortion without affecting the other aberrations by
selecting value of A within the range defined by the formula
(11).
As a process to manufacture a lens component having the aspherical
surface described above, molding of plastic or glass material is
advantageous from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
The objective lens system is usable not only with endoscopes using
optical fiber bundles and relay lenses for transmitting images but
also with endoscopes using solid state image pick-up device. When
the objective lens system is designed for use with endoscopes using
solid state image pick-up device. A has a small value since .theta.
is not equal to 0 and may be smaller than 0. However, formula (9)
and formula (10) are still satisfied in such a case.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show sectional views illustrating the
compositions of the conventional objective lens systems for
endoscopes;
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show sectional views illustrating compositions of
the objective lens system for endoscopes according to the present
invention;
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show sectional views of lens components having
aspherical surfaces to be used in the objective lens system
according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows a curve exemplifying correcting condition of
distortion;
FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show sectional views illustrating other examples
of aspherical surfaces to be used in the objective lens system
according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows a diagram illustrating a coordinates system for
expressing formulae defining aspherical surfaces;
FIG. 11 shows a diagram descriptive of deflection angle of the
principal ray;
FIG. 12 through FIG. 20 show sectional views illustrating
Embodiments 1 through 9 of the objective lens system according to
the present invention; and
FIG. 21 through FIG. 29 show curves illustrating aberration
characteristics of said Embodiments 1 through 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Now, numerical data will be clarified as preferred embodiments of
the objective lens system for endoscopes according to the present
invention described above.
______________________________________ Embodiment 1
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 6.1789 d.sub.1 =
0.7129 n.sub.1 = 1.8830 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 3.8110 d.sub.2
= 0.5704 r.sub.3 = 16.0271 (aspherical surface) d.sub.3 = 0.6654
n.sub.2 = 1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 2.2192 d.sub.4 =
1.1407 r.sub.5 = 9.5060 d.sub.5 = 0.9506 n.sub.3 =1.80518
.nu..sub.3 = 25.43 r.sub.6 = -9.5066 d.sub.6 = 0.3802 n.sub.4 =
1.77250 .nu..sub.4 = 49.66 r.sub.7 = 4.3058 d.sub.7 = 2.6617
r.sub.8 = -1.3401 d.sub.8 = 0.9506 n.sub.5 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.5 =
40.95 r.sub.9 = -1.7300 d.sub.9 = 0.3327 r.sub. 10 = .infin. stop
d.sub.10 = 0.0570 r.sub.11 = -6.6171 d.sub.11 = 1.2358 n.sub.6 =
1.58913 .nu..sub.6 = 60.97 r.sub.12 = -1.2320 d.sub.12 = 1.1882
n.sub.7 = 1.66998 .nu..sub.7 = 39.32 r.sub.13 = -4.3271 d.sub.13 =
1.5381 r.sub.14 = 40.6961 d.sub.14 = 1.0932 n.sub.8 = 1.80610
.nu..sub.8 = 40.95 r.sub.15 = -4.9754 d.sub.15 = 0.1426 r.sub.16 =
4.0439 d.sub.16 = 1.8061 n.sub.9 = 1.60311 .nu..sub.9 = 60.70
r.sub.17 = -4.0439 d.sub.17 = 0.5704 n.sub.10 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.10
= 25.43 r.sub.18 = 6.7198 d.sub.18 = 2.3698 r.sub.19 = .infin.
d.sub.19 = 0.6654 n.sub.11 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.11 = 60.69 r.sub.20 =
.infin. f = 1, F.sub.NO = 2.544, image height = 0.97436 P = 1.0000,
B = 0, E = 0.70488 .times. 10.sup.-2 F = 0.17289 .times. 10.sup.-3,
G = 0 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 2
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 4.4865 d.sub.1 =
0.5982 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 2.0438
d.sub.2 = 0.5483 r.sub.3 = .infin. (aspherical surface) d.sub.3 =
1.1066 n.sub.2 = 1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 1.0614
d.sub.4 = 1.7035 r.sub.5 = 1.7151 d.sub.5 = 0.2157 n.sub.3 1.78590
.nu..sub.3 = 44.18 r.sub.6 = 1.4071 d.sub.6 = 0.6995 r.sub.7 =
-1.5783 d.sub.7 = 0.5555 n.sub.4 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.4 = 40.95
r.sub.8 = -1.4248 d.sub.8 = 0.0014 r.sub.9 = .infin. stop d.sub.9 =
0.0598 r.sub.10 = -6.9401 d.sub.10 = 1.2961 n.sub.5 = 1.58913
.nu..sub.5 = 60.97 r.sub.11 = -1.2921 d.sub.11 = 1.2462 n.sub.6 =
1.66998 .nu..sub.6 = 39.32 r.sub.12 = -4.5383 d.sub.12 = 1.6131
r.sub.13 = 42.6826 d.sub.13 = 1.1465 n.sub.7 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.7 =
40.95 r.sub.14 = -5.2183 d.sub.14 = 0.1495 r.sub.15 = 4.2412
d.sub.15 = 1.8943 n.sub.8 = 1.60311 .nu..sub.8 = 60.70 r.sub.16 =
-4.2412 d.sub.16 = 0.5982 n.sub.9 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.9 = 25.43
r.sub.17 = 7.0478 d.sub.17 = 2.4845 r.sub.18 = .infin. d.sub.18 =
0.6979 n.sub.10 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.10 = 60.69 r.sub.19 = .infin. f
= 1, F.sub.NO = 2.588, image height = 1.0219 P = -1.0000, B =
0.16225 .times. 10.sup.-1 E = 0.50809 .times. 10.sup.-1, F =
0.34471 .times. 10.sup.-7, G =
______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 3
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = .infin.
(aspherical surface) d.sub.1 = 0.6186 n.sub.1 = 1.49109 .nu..sub.1
= 57.00 r.sub.2 = 1.6347 d.sub.2 = 0.8247 r.sub.3 = 5.4807 d.sub.3
= 0.5155 n.sub.2 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.2 = 40.76 r.sub.4 = 2.63388
d.sub.4 = 1.9166 r.sub.5 = .infin. d.sub.5 = 0.5155 n.sub.1 =
1.78590 .nu..sub.1 = 44.18 r.sub.6 = .infin. d.sub.6 = 0.5826
r.sub.7 = -1.5709 d.sub.7 = 1.1340 n.sub.4 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.4 =
40.95 r.sub.8 = 1.9679 d.sub.8 = 0.0014 r.sub.9 = .infin. stop
d.sub.9 = 0.6017 r.sub.10 = -7.1548 d.sub.10 = 1.3362 n.sub.5 =
1.58913 .nu..sub.5 = 60.97 r.sub.11 = -1.3321 d.sub.11 = 1.2848
n.sub.6 = 1.66998 .nu..sub.6 = 39.32 r.sub.12 = -4.6787 d.sub.12 =
1.6630 r.sub.13 = 44.0027 d.sub.13 = 1.1820 n.sub.7 = 1.80610
.nu..sub.7 = 40.95 r.sub.14 = -5.3797 d.sub.14 = 0.1542 r.sub.15 =
4.3724 d.sub.15 = 1.9529 n.sub.8 = 1.60311 n.sub.8 = 60.70 r.sub.16
= -4.3724 d.sub.16 = 0.6167 n.sub.9 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.9 = 25.43
r.sub.17 = 7.2658 d.sub.17 = 2.5614 r.sub.18 = .infin. d.sub.18 =
0.7195 n.sub.10 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.10 = 60.69 r.sub.19 = .infin. f
= 1, F.sub.NO = 2.531, image height = 1.0535 P = -1.000, B = 0, E =
0.13075 .times. 10.sup.-1 F = 0, G = 0
______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 4
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 7.0140 d.sub.1 =
0.7515 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 3.9221
d.sub.2 = 0.8617 r.sub.3 = 5.5110 d.sub.3 = 0.7014 n.sub.2 =
1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 1.5917 (aspherical surface)
d.sub.4 = 1.0521 r.sub.5 = 4.0080 d.sub.5 = 1.1022 n.sub.3 =
1.80518 .nu..sub.3 = 25.43 r.sub.6 = -10018.9980 d.sub.6 = 0.4008
n.sub.4 = 1.77250 .nu..sub.4 = 49.66 r.sub.7 = 3.0749 d.sub.7 =
3.3019 r.sub.8 = -1.4028 d.sub.8 = 1.0020 n.sub.5 = 1.80610
.nu..sub.5 = 40.95 r.sub.9 = -1.8511 d.sub.9 = 0.3507 r.sub.10 =
.infin. stop d.sub.10 = 0.0601 r.sub.11 = -6.9749 d.sub.11 = 1.3026
n.sub.6 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.6 = 60.97 r.sub.12 = -1.2986 d.sub.12 =
1.2525 n.sub.7 = 1.66998 .nu..sub.7 = 39.32 r.sub.13 = -4.5611
d.sub.13 = 1.6212 r.sub.14 = 42.8966 d.sub.14 = 1.1523 n.sub.8 =
1.80610 .nu..sub.8 = 40.95 r.sub.15 = -5.2445 d.sub.15 = 0.1503
r.sub.16 = 4.2625 d.sub.16 = 1.0938 n.sub.9 = 1.60311 .nu..sub.9 =
60.70 r.sub.17 = -4.2625 d.sub.17 = 0.6012 n.sub.10 = 1.80518
.nu..sub.10 = 25.43 r.sub.18 = 7.0831 d.sub.18 = 2.4970 r.sub.19 =
.infin. d.sub.19 = 0.7014 n.sub.11 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.11 = 60.69
r.sub.20 = .infin. f = 1, F.sub.NO = 2.561, image height = 1.02705
P = 0, B = 0, E = -0.13727 .times. 10.sup.-2 F = 0.25809 .times.
10.sup.-3 , G = 0 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 5
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 7.5512 d.sub.1 =
0.8091 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 4.2225
d.sub.2 = 0.9277 r.sub.3 = 5.9331 d.sub.3 = 0.7551 n.sub.2 =
1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 1.7136 (aspherical surface)
d.sub.4 = 1.1327 r.sub.5 = 4.3150 d.sub.5 = 1.1866 n.sub.3 =
1.80518 .nu..sub.3 = 25.43 r.sub.6 = -10786.4078 d.sub.6 = 0.4315
n.sub.4 = 1.77250 .nu..sub.4 = 49.66 r.sub.7 = 3.3104 d.sub.7 =
3.5548 r.sub.8 = -1.5102 d.sub.8 = 1.0787 n.sub.5 = 1.80610
.nu..sub.5 = 40.95 r.sub.9 = -1.9929 d.sub.9 = 0.3776 r.sub.10 =
.infin. (stop) d.sub.10 = 0.7704 n.sub.6 = 1.51633 .nu..sub.6 =
64.15 r.sub.11 = .infin. d.sub.11 = 1.5410 r.sub.12 = -23.2120
d.sub.12 = 0.6164 n.sub.7 = 1.78472 .nu..sub.7 = 25.71 r.sub.13 =
7.7327 d.sub.13 = 1.5410 n.sub.8 = 1.69680 .nu..sub.8 = 55.52
r.sub.14 = -4.6245 d.sub.14 = 0.3082 r.sub.15 = 5.0791 d.sub.15 =
2.0032 n.sub.9 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.9 = 60.97 r.sub.16 = -3.6013
d.sub.16 = 0.6164 n.sub.10 =1.78472 .nu..sub.10 = 25.71 r.sub.17 =
-7.7928 f = 1, F.sub.NO = 2.374, image height = 1.1057 P = 0, B =
0, E = -0.11001 .times. 10.sup.-2 F = 0.17844 .times. 10.sup.-3 , G
= 0 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 6
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 3.8648 d.sub.1 =
0.4533 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 1.7120
d.sub.2 = 0.5359 r.sub.3 = -261.1516 d.sub.3 = 0.4946 n.sub.2 =
1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 1.2965 (aspherical surface)
d.sub.4 = 2.2278 r.sub.5 = 15.9398 d.sub.5 = 0.8254 n.sub.3 =
1.80518 .nu..sub.3 = 25.43 r.sub.6 = -2.5723 d.sub.6 = 0.3875
n.sub.4 = 1.56873 .nu..sub.4 = 63.16 r.sub.7 = -138.3595 d.sub.7 =
0.2887 r.sub.8 = .infin. (stop) d.sub.8 = 0.0495 r.sub.9 = -5.7387
d.sub.9 = 1.0717 n.sub.5 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.5 = 60.97 r.sub.10 =
-1.0684 d.sub.10 = 1.0305 n.sub.6 = 1.66998 .nu..sub.6 = 39.32
r.sub.11 = -3.7527 d.sub.11 = 1.3339 r.sub.12 = 35.2935 d.sub.12 =
0.9481 n.sub.7 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.7 = 40.95 r.sub.13 = -4.3149
d.sub.13 = 0.1237 r.sub.14 = 3.5070 d.sub.14 = 1.5664 n.sub.8 =
1.60311 .nu..sub.8 = 60.70 r.sub.15 = -3.5070 d.sub.15 = 0.4946
n.sub.9 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.9 = 25.43 r.sub.16 = 5.8277 d.sub.16 =
2.0544 r.sub.17 = .infin. d.sub.17 = 0.5771 n.sub.10 = 1.56384
.nu..sub.10 = 60.69 r.sub.18 = .infin. f = 1, F.sub.NO = 3.714,
image height = 0.8450 P = -4.0000, B = 0, E = 0, F = 0, G = 0
______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 7
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 6.1379 d.sub.1 =
0.7082 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 2.8682
d.sub.2 = 0.9443 r.sub.3 = 7.7708 (aspherical surface) d.sub.3 =
0.6610 n.sub.2 = 1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 2.4614
(aspherical surface) d.sub.4 = 1.1331 r.sub.5 = 9.4429 d.sub.5 =
0.9443 n.sub.3 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.3 = 25.43 r.sub.6 = -9.4429
d.sub.6 = 0.3777 n.sub.4 = 1.77250 .nu..sub.4 = 49.66 r.sub.7 =
7.1863 d.sub.7 = 2.6440 r.sub.8 = -1.2695 d.sub.8 = 0.9443 n.sub.5
= 1.80610 .nu..sub.5 = 40.95 r.sub.9 = -1.6981 d.sub.9 = 0.3305
r.sub.10 = .infin. stop d.sub.10 = 0.0567 r.sub.11 = -6.5732
d.sub.11 = 1.2276 n.sub.6 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.6 = 60.97 r.sub.12 =
-1.2238 d.sub.12 = 1.1804 n.sub.7 = 1.66998 .nu..sub.7 = 39.32
r.sub.13 = -4.2984 d.sub.13 = 1.5279 r.sub.14 = 40.4259 d.sub.14 =
1.0859 n.sub.8 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.8 = 40.95 r.sub.15 = -4.9424
d.sub.15 = 0.1416 r.sub.16 = 4.0170 d.sub.16 = 1.7941 n.sub.9 =
1.60311 .nu..sub.9 = 60.70 r.sub.17 = -4.0170 d.sub.17 = 0.5666
n.sub.10 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.10 = 25.43 r.sub.18 = 6.6752 d.sub.18 =
2.3532 r.sub.19 = .infin. d.sub.19 = 0.6610 n.sub.11 = 1.56384
.nu..sub.11 = 60.69 r.sub.20 = .infin. f = 1, F.sub.NO = 2.543,
image height = 0.9679 third surface P = 1.0000, B = 0, E = 0.22454
.times. 10.sup.-2 F = 0.15533 .times. 10.sup.-3, G = 0 fourth
surface P = 1.0000, B = 0, E = 0.95012 .times. 10.sup.-2 F =
-0.26639 .times. 10.sup.-2, G = 0
______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 8
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 10.3716 d.sub.1 =
0.7992 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 17.9820
d.sub.2 = 0.0999 r.sub.3 = 12.0112 (aspherical surface) d.sub.3 =
0.6993 n.sub.2 = 1.49109 .nu..sub.2 = 57.00 r.sub.4 = 4.9950
d.sub.4 = 0.3996 n.sub.3 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.3 = 40.95 r.sub.5 =
2.4975 d.sub.5 = 0.7992 r.sub.6 = -19.2639 d.sub.6 = 0.3996 n.sub.4
= 1.88300 .nu..sub.4 = 40.76 r.sub.7 = 1.9643 d.sub.7 = 2.3429
r.sub.8 = 15.5038 d.sub.8 = 0.5455 n.sub.5 = 1.78590 .nu..sub.5 =
44.18 r.sub.9 = -84.2272 d.sub.9 = 0.5669 r.sub. 10 = -1.9200
d.sub.10 = 1.0992 n.sub.6 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.6 = 40.95 r.sub.11 =
-2.3493 d.sub.11 = 0.3497 r.sub.12 = .infin. stop d.sub.12 = 0.0599
r.sub.13 = -6.9540 d.sub.13 = 1.2987 n.sub.7 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.7 =
60.97 r.sub.14 = 1.2947 d.sub.14 = 1.2488 n.sub.8 = 1.66998
.nu..sub.8 = 39.32 r.sub.15 = -4.5475 d.sub.15 = 1.6164 r.sub.16 =
42.7682 d.sub.16 = 1.1489 n.sub.9 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.9 = 40.95
r.sub.17 = -5.2288 d.sub.17 = 0.1499 r.sub.18 = 4.2498 d.sub.18 =
1.8981 n.sub.10 = 1.60311 .nu..sub.10 = 60.70 r.sub.19 = -4.2498
d.sub.19 = 0.5994 n.sub.11 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.11 = 25.43 r.sub.20 =
7.0619 d.sub.20 = 2.4895 r.sub.21 = .infin. d.sub.21 = 0.6993
n.sub.12 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.12 = 60.69 r.sub.22 = .infin. f = 1,
F.sub.NO = 2.581, image height = 1.0240 P = 1.000, B = 0, E =
0.92329 .times. 10.sup.-2 F = -0.22743 .times. 10.sup.-3, G = 0
______________________________________
______________________________________ Embodiment 9
______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 8.8295 d.sub.1 =
0.8048 n.sub.1 = 1.88300 .nu..sub.1 = 40.76 r.sub.2 = 18.1087
d.sub.2 = 0.1006 r.sub.3 = 6.3299 (aspherical surface) d.sub.3 =
0.6036 n.sub.2 =1.80610 .nu..sub.2 = 40.95 r.sub.4 = 2.4397 d.sub.4
= 0.9054 r.sub.5 = 9.6935 d.sub.5 = 0.4024 n.sub.3 = 1.88300
.nu..sub.3 = 40.76 r.sub.6 = 1.8280 d.sub.6 = 2.4161 r.sub.7 =
50.2371 d.sub.7 = 0.5505 n.sub.4 = 1.78590 .nu..sub.4 = 44.18
r.sub.8 = 24.9036 d.sub.8 = 0.5712 r.sub.9 = -1.9359 d.sub.9 =
1.1101 n.sub.5 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.5 = 40.95 r.sub.10 = -2.2035
d.sub.10 = 0.3521 r.sub.11 = .infin. stop d.sub.11 = 0.0604
r.sub.12 = -7.0030 d.sub.12 = 1.3078 n.sub.6 = 1.58913 .nu..sub.6 =
60.97 r.sub.13 = -1.3038 d.sub.13 = 1.2575 n.sub.7 = 1.66998
.nu..sub.7 = 39.32 r.sub.14 = -4.5795 d.sub.14 = 1.6278 r.sub.15 =
43.0694 d.sub.15 = 1.1569 n.sub.8 = 1.80610 .nu..sub.8 = 40.95
r.sub.16 = -5.2656 d.sub.16 = 0.1509 r.sub.17 = 4.2797 d.sub.17 =
1.9115 n.sub.9 = 1.60311 .nu..sub.9 = 60.70 r.sub.18 = -4.2797
d.sub.18 = 0.6036 n.sub.10 = 1.80518 .nu..sub.10 = 25.43 r.sub.19 =
7.1117 d.sub.19 = 2.5070 r.sub.20 = .infin. d.sub.20 = 0.7042
n.sub.11 = 1.56384 .nu..sub.11 = 60.69 r.sub.21 = .infin. f = 1,
F.sub.NO = 2.617 image height = 1.0312 P = 1.0000, B = 0, E =
0.86037 .times. 10.sup.-2 F = -0.38814 .times. 10.sup.-3, G =
-0.27509 .times. 10.sup.-11
______________________________________
wherein the reference symbols r.sub.1, r.sub.2, . . . represent
radii of curvature on the surfaces of the respective lens elements,
the reference symbols d.sub.1, d.sub.2, . . . designate thicknesses
of the respective lens elements and airspaces reserved
therebetween, the reference symbols n.sub.1, n.sub.2, . . . denote
refractive indices of the respective lens elements, and the
reference symbols .nu..sub.1, .nu..sub.2, . . . represent Abbe's
numbers of the respective lens elements.
The Embodiments 1 through 9 mentioned above are objective lens
systems having the compositions shown in FIG. 12 through FIG. 20
respectively.
In Embodiments 1, 2, 8 and 9 out of the embodiments mentioned
above, the object side surface of the second lens component as
counted from the object side is designed as an aspherical surface
having portions whose curvature is increased as they are farther
from the optical axis.
In the Embodiment 3, the extreme object side surface is designed as
an aspherical surface having a shape similar to that of the
aspherical surface used in the Embodiment 1, etc. described
above.
In the Embodiments 4 through 6, the image side surface of the
second lens components as counted from the object side is designed
as an aspherical surface having portions whose curvature is
decreased as they are farther from the optical axis.
In the Embodiment 7, the object side surface of the second lens
component as counted from the object side is designed as an
aspherical surface including portions whose curvature is increased
as they are farther from the optical axis, and the image side
surface of said second lens component is designed as an aspherical
surface including portions whose curvature is decreased as they are
farther from the optical axis.
The shapes of the aspherical surfaces adopted by respective
embodiments described above are defined by the formula (1) and
values of their aspherical surface coefficients, etc. are as listed
in the numerical data. Values of y.sub.c, k etc. adopted for the
individual embodiments are as listed in Table 2. As is clear from
Table 2, all the values of A are selected within the range defined
by the formula (11).
TABLE 2
__________________________________________________________________________
Embodiment Yc K .omega.(.degree.) D(%) D.sub.3 (%) H .sigma. A
__________________________________________________________________________
1 -2.616 -0.3103 45.degree. -5.62 -29.3 1.19 -1 2.857 .times.
10.sup.-6 2 -1.475 -0.332 45.degree. 0.01 -29.3 1.000 -1 3.644
.times. 10.sup.-6 3 -2.422 -0.3649 45.degree. 2.0 -29.3 1.07 -1
3.749 .times. 10.sup.-6 4 -1.127 0.1472 26.degree.99 1.86 -10.9
1.17 1 6.396 .times. 10.sup.-6 5 -1.228 0.1538 28.degree.23 1.83
-11.9 1.15 1 5.921 .times. 10.sup.-6 6 -0.773 0.1767 40.degree.
-0.003 -23.4 0.999 1 2.76 .times. 10.sup.-6 third 7 -2.233 0.3032
-1 surface fourth -1.848 0.2870 1 surface 0.5902 45.degree. -5.73
-29.3 0.805 8.05 .times. 10.sup.-6 8 -2.87 -0.2983 45.degree.15
-3.42 -29.5 0.884 1 3.67 .times. 10.sup.-6 9 -2.68 -0.2748
45.degree. -3.38 -29.3 0.885 1 3.41 .times. 10.sup.-6
__________________________________________________________________________
As is understood from the foregoing descriptions, the present
invention has succeeded in designing a wide-angle objective lens
system for endoscopes having favorably corrected distortion by
arranging an aspherical lens surface having the above-described
shape in the front lens group. This fact is clear from the
aberration characteristic curves of the individual embodiments
shown in FIG. 21 through FIG. 29.
* * * * *