U.S. patent number PP32,473 [Application Number 15/999,236] was granted by the patent office on 2020-11-17 for cannabis plant named `bihemp 050924`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Biotech Institute, LLC. The grantee listed for this patent is Biotech Institute, LLC. Invention is credited to Steven Robert Haba, Mark Anthony Lewis.
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United States Patent |
PP32,473 |
Lewis , et al. |
November 17, 2020 |
Cannabis plant named `BIHEMP 050924`
Abstract
The present invention provides a new and distinct cannabis
cultivar designated as `BIHEMP 050924.` Disclosed herein are main
terpenes of `BIHEMP 050924,` which are beta-caryophyllene,
limonene, alpha-humulene, linalool, myrcene, trans-ocimene,
beta-pinene, fenchol, and alpha-terpineol. Also, the present
invention provides the estimated concentration of the THC.sub.max,
CBD.sub.max, and CBG.sub.max, about 0.21-0.43%, about 5.02-10.86%,
and about 0.10-0.72%, respectively, at the time of assaying
metabolites from flower samples of `BIHEMP 050924.`
Inventors: |
Lewis; Mark Anthony (Westlake
Village, CA), Haba; Steven Robert (Westlake Village,
CA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Biotech Institute, LLC |
Westlake Village |
CA |
US |
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Assignee: |
Biotech Institute, LLC
(Westlake Village, CA)
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Family
ID: |
66696627 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/999,236 |
Filed: |
August 28, 2018 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20190183008 P1 |
Jun 13, 2019 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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62596561 |
Dec 8, 2017 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/258 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06T
7/75 (20170101); A01H 1/101 (20210101); G06T
7/337 (20170101); A01H 5/12 (20130101); A61K
36/185 (20130101); A01H 5/02 (20130101); A01H
6/28 (20180501); G06T 2207/10032 (20130101); G06T
2207/20016 (20130101); G06F 3/0481 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/02 (20180101); A01H 6/28 (20180101); A61K
36/185 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/258,263.1 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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WO 2014/145490 |
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Sep 2014 |
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WO |
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WO 2015/065544 |
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May 2015 |
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WO |
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WO 2016/105514 |
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Jun 2016 |
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WO |
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WO 2016/123160 |
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Aug 2016 |
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WO |
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WO 2018/094359 |
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May 2018 |
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WO |
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Primary Examiner: Hwu; June
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cooley LLP
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A new and distinct cultivar of Cannabis plant named `BIHEMP
050924` substantially as shown and described herein.
Description
Latin name of genus and species: Cannabis hybrid.
Variety denomination: `BIHEMP 050924`.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cannabis
cultivar designated as `BIHEMP 050924`.
This new cultivar is the result of controlled-crosses between
proprietary cultivars made by the inventors. The new cultivar of
`BIHEMP 050924` was asexually reproduced via a stem `cutting` and
`cloning` method by the inventors at Salinas, Calif. Asexual clones
from the original source have been tested in greenhouses,
nurseries, and/or fields. The properties of each cultivar were
found to be transmissible by such asexual reproduction. The
cultivar is stable and reproduces true to type in successive
generations of asexual reproduction.
TAXONOMY AND NOMENCLATURE
Cannabis, more commonly known as marijuana, is a genus of flowering
plants that includes at least three species, Cannabis sativa,
Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis as determined by plant
phenotypes and secondary metabolite profiles. In practice however,
cannabis nomenclature is often used incorrectly or interchangeably.
Cannabis literature can be found referring to all cannabis
varieties as "sativas" or all cannabinoid producing plants as
"indicas". Indeed the promiscuous crosses of indoor cannabis
breeding programs have made it difficult to distinguish varieties,
with most cannabis being sold in the United States having features
of both sativa and indica species.
Human cultivation history of Cannabis dates back 8000 years
(Schultes, R E., 1970, Random thoughts and queries on the botany of
Cannabis. Pages 11-38 in: CRB Joyce, and S H Curry eds., THE BOTANY
AND CHEMISTRY OF CANNABIS. J. & A. Churchill. London, England).
Hemp cloth recovered in Europe dates back 6000 years (Small, E,
Beckstead, H D, and Chan, A, 1975, The evolution of cannabinoid
phenotypes in Cannabis, ECONOMIC BOTANY 29(3):219-232). The written
record of the pharmacologic properties of Cannabis goes back more
than 4000 years (Ti, H. 2737 BC. NEI JING SU WEN HUANG TI, Yellow
Emperor's Classic on Internal Medicine; referred to without
citation in Small et al. 1975 Supra).
The taxonomy and nomenclature of the highly variable genus Cannabis
(Emboden, W A, 1974, ECONOMIC BOTANY 28(3):304-310; Small, E and
Cronquist, A, 1976, TAXON 25(4):405-435; Small E and Cronquist, A,
1977, TAXON 26(1):110; Hillig, K W and Mahlberg, P G, 2004,
American Journal of Botany 91(6):966-975), remains in question.
This is in spite of the fact that its formal scientific name,
`Cannabis sativa L.`, assigned by Carolus Linneaus (Linnaeus, C,
1753, SPECIES PLANTARUM, 2:1027, Salvius, Stockholm, Facsimile
edition, 1957-1959, Ray Society, London, U.K.), is one of the
oldest established names in botanical history and is still accepted
to this day. Another species in the genus, `Cannabis indica Lam.`
was formally named somewhat later (de Lamarck, J B, 1785,
ENCYCLOPEDIE METHODIQUE DE BOTANIQUE, 1(2):694-695), but is still
very old in botanical history. In 1785, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
published a description of a second species of Cannabis, which he
named Cannabis indica. Lamarck based his description of the newly
named species on plant specimens collected in India. C. indica was
described as relatively short, conical, and densely branched,
whereas C. sativa was described as tall and laxly branched
(Schultes R. E. et al, 1974, Harvard University Botanical Museum
Leaflets, 23:337-367). C. indica plants were also described as
having short, broad leaflets whereas those of C. sativa were
characterized as relatively long and narrow (Anderson L. C., 1980,
Harvard University Botanical Museum Leaflets, 28:61-69). C. indica
plants conforming to Schultes' and Anderson's descriptions may have
originated from the Hindu Kush mountain range. Because of the often
harsh and variable (extremely cold winters, and warm summers)
climate of those parts, C. indica is well-suited for cultivation in
temperate climates.
Three other species names were proposed in the 1800s to distinguish
plants with presumably different characteristics (C. macrosperma
Stokes, C. chinensis Delile, C. gigantean Vilmorin), none of which
are accepted today, although the epithet "indica" lives on as a
subspecies of C. sativa (`C. sativa ssp. indica Lam.`, Small and
Cronquist 1976 Supra).
In the 20th century, two new names were added to the liturgy of
proposed `Cannabis species: C. ruderalis` Janischevsky and a
hybrid, x `C. intersita` Sojak. (Small, E, Jui, P Y, and
Lefkovitch, L P, 1976, SYSTEMATIC BOTANY 1(1):67-84; Small and
Cronquist 1976 Supra). Further, numerous names have been proposed
for horticultural variants of `Cannabis` but as of 1976, "very few
of these have been validly published as formal taxa under the
International Code of Botanical Nomenclature" (Small and Cronquist
1976 Supra). Moreover, other recent work continues to focus on
higher-order evolutionary relationships of the genus. Cannabis has
been variously ascribed as belonging to mulberry family (Moraceae)
(Engler, H G A, Ulmaceae, Moraceae and Urticaceae, pages 59-118 in:
A. Engler and K. Prantl eds., 1889, DIE NATURLICHEN
PFLANZENFAMILIEN 3(1). W. Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany; Judd, W S,
Sanders, R W, and Donoghue, M J, 1994, HARVARD PAPERS IN BOTANY
5:1-51; Humphries, C J and Blackmore, S, A review of the
classification of the Moraceae, pages 267-277 In: Crane and
Blackmore 1989 id.); nettle family (Urticaceae) (Berg, C C,
Systematics and phylogeny of the Urticales, pages 193-220, in: P.
R. Crane and S. Blackmore eds., 1989, EVOLUTION, SYSTEMATIC, AND
FOSSIL HISTORY OF THE HAMAMELIDAE, VOL. 2, HIGHER HAMAMELIDAE,
Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.); and most recently in its own family
with hops (Humulus), Cannabaceae, or hemp family (Sytsma, K J, et
al, 2002, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 89(9):1531-1546). While the
work of Small and Cronquist 1976 Supra, seemed to effectively
confine the genus to a single species with 2 subspecies (C. sativa
s., C. s. indica), each with two varieties (C. s. s. var. sativa,
C. s. s. var. spontanea; C. s. i. var. indica, C. s. i. var.
Kafiristanica) largely on the basis of chemotaxonomy and
interfertility of all forms, more recent work (Sytsma et al. 2002
Supra), proposes a two-species concept, resurrecting the binomial
C. indica Lam. Since Sytsma et al. (2002) provides no key for
discriminating between the species, the dichotomous key of Small
and Cronquist (1976), which accounts for all forms in nature,
whether wild or domesticated, is preferred to classify the
characteristics of the plants.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a new and distinctive cannabis cultivar
designated as `BIHEMP 050924`.
The objective of the breeding program which produced novel plants
disclosed herein was primarily to develop a cannabis cultivar with
its unique blend of various cannabinoids and/or terpenes for (a)
medicinal effects such as improving appetite and reducing nausea,
vomiting and/or chronic pain, as well as neurological and
cardiovascular effects, (b) psychoactive effects such as increased
motivation and energetic behavior rather than indifference,
passiveness and lethargy, and (c) recreational effects with
enhanced enjoyment such as food and aroma.
As used herein, the term "cultivar" is used interchangeably with
"variety", "strain", and/or "clone".
Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic
compounds. Cannabinoids, terpenoids, and other compounds are
secreted by glandular trichomes that occur most abundantly on the
floral calyxes and bracts of female plants. As a drug it usually
comes in the form of dried flower buds (marijuana), resin
(hashish), or various extracts collectively known as hashish oil.
The cannabis plant has at least 545 distinct compounds that span 20
chemical classes including cannabinoids, terpenes, terpenoids,
amino acids, nitrogenous compounds, simple alcohols, aldehydes,
ketones, esters, lactones, acids, fatty acids, steroids,
non-cannabinoid phenols, pigments, flavonoids, vitamins, proteins,
enzymes, glycoproteins, and hydrocarbons. Terpenes and/or
cannabinoids, in particular, have shown great potential in terms of
medicinal value.
Terpenes and/or cannabinoids have been shown to be largely
responsible for beneficial effects of a cannabis plant. In fact,
each cannabis plant has the varying concentrations of medically
viable compounds depending on different strains (genotypes) and
their resulting chemotypes. Even a small variation in terpene
and/or cannabinoid concentration can cause noticeable differences
in the entourage and/or synergistic effects of a cannabis plant,
which distinguishes one variety from another. Research shows that
it relies heavily on the physiological effects produced by terpenes
and/or cannabinoids.
Over 100 different kinds of terpenes have been identified in
cannabis plants although not being as well-studied as cannabinoids,
they are instrumental in giving rise to the physiological and
psychoactive effects in cannabis.
Terpenes are a large and diverse class of organic compounds,
produced by a variety of plants. They are often strong smelling and
thus may have had a protective function. Terpenes are an important
component, not only influencing taste and smell of each cannabis
strain but also influencing its effects on the mind and body of a
subject such as humans and animals. Terpenes are a classification
of organic molecules that are found in a wide variety of plants and
animals. These molecules are known for their characteristic scents
and flavors. The varying terpene concentrations found in cannabis
plants directly influence the resulting taste and smell, as well as
the observed effects. Non-limiting examples of terpenes include
Hemiterpenes, Monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Diterpenes,
Sesterterpenes, Triterpenes, Sesquarterpenes, Tetraterpenes,
Polyterpenes, and Norisoprenoids. The main terpenes found in
cannabis plants include, but are not limited to, myrcene, limonene,
caryophyllene, pinene, terpinene, terpinolene, camphene, terpineol,
phellandrene, carene, humulene, pulegone, sabinene, geraniol,
linalool, fenchol, borneol, eucalyptol, and nerolidol.
Cannabinoids are the most studied group of the main physiologically
active secondary metabolites in cannabis. The classical
cannabinoids are concentrated in a viscous resin produced in
structures known as glandular trichomes. At least 113 different
cannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis plants. The main
classes of cannabinoids from cannabis include tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN).
Cannabinoid can be at least one of a group comprising
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG),
cannabinol (CBN) cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinodiol (CBDL),
cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabivarin
(THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabigerovarin (CBGV),
cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabigerol monomethyl ether (CBGM),
cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabicitran (CBT), cannabinol propyl variant
(CBNV), cannabitriol (CBO), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA),
tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA),
cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and cannabinerolic acid.
Most cannabinoids exist in two forms, as acids and in neutral
(decarboxylated) forms. The acidic form of cannabinoids is
designated by an "A" at the end of its acronym (i.e. THCA). The
cannabinoids in their acidic forms (those ending in "-A") can be
converted to their non-acidic forms through a process called
decarboxylation when the sample is heated. The phytocannabinoids
are synthesized in the plant as acidic forms. While some
decarboxylation does occur in the plant, it increases significantly
post-harvest and the kinetics increase at high temperatures
(Flores-Sanchez and Verpoorte, 2008, Plant Cell Physiol. 49(12):
1767-1782). The biologically active forms for human consumption are
the neutral forms. Decarboxylation is usually achieved by thorough
drying of the plant material followed by heating it, often by
combustion, vaporization, heating, or baking in an oven. Unless
otherwise noted, references to cannabinoids in a plant include both
the acidic and decarboxylated versions (e.g., CBD and CBDA).
The molecules lose mass through the process of decarboxylation. In
order to find the total theoretical active cannabinoids, the acid
forms should be multiplied by 87.7%. For example, THCA can be
converted to active THC using the formula: THCA.times.0.877=THC.
The maximum THC for the sample is:
THC.sub.max=(THCA.times.0.877)+THC. This method has been validated
according to the principles of the International Conference on
Harmonization. Similarly, CBDA can be converted to active CBD and
the yield is determined using the yield formula:
CBDA.times.0.877=CBD. Also the maximum amount of CBD yielded, i.e.
max CBD for the sample is: CBD.sub.max=(CBDA.times.0.877)+CBD.
Additionally, CBGA can be converted to active CBG by multiplying
87.8% to CBGA. Thus, the maximum amount of CBG is:
CBG.sub.max=(CBGA.times.0.878)+CBG.
The biologically active chemicals found in plants, phytochemicals,
may affect the normal structure or function of the human body and
in some cases treat disease. The mechanisms for the medicinal and
psychoactive properties of a cannabis plant, like any medicinal
herb, produce the pharmacologic effects of its phytochemicals, and
the key phytochemicals for a medical cannabis plant are
cannabinoids and terpenes.
.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid
responsible for many of the effects such as mild to moderate pain
relief, relaxation, insomnia and appetite stimulation. THC has been
demonstrated to have anti-depressant effects. The majority of
strains range from 12-21% THC with very potent and carefully
prepared strains reaching even higher. While
.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is also implicated in the
treatment of disease, the psychotropic activity of THC makes it
undesirable for some patients and/or indications.
Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, is the primary psychoactive and
medicinal cannabinoid and is the result of the decarboxylation of
tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THC-A), its acidic precursor. THC-A,
(6ar,10ar)-1-hydroxy-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6h-be-
nzochromene-2-carboxylic acid, is found in the trichomes of the
plant and converted into THC, which actually exists in only minute
quantities in the living plant, after harvest and drying.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the principal cannabinoids found in a
cannabis plant and is largely considered to the most medically
significant. CBD occurs in many strains, at low levels, <1%. In
some cases, CBD can be the dominant cannabinoid, as high as 15% by
weight. CBD is non-psychoactive, meaning that unlike THC, CBD does
not cause a noticeable "high". CBD has shown potential for medical
properties in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases and
symptoms, including cancer, nausea, chronic pain, spasms,
seizures/epilepsy, anxiety, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid
arthritis, diabetes, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), alcoholism, strokes, multiple sclerosis, and cardiovascular
disease. CBD also has been reported to act as a muscle relaxant,
antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and bone stimulant, as well as to
improve blood circulation, cause drowsiness, and protect the
nervous system. It can provide relief for chronic pain due to
muscle spasticity, convulsions and inflammation, as well as
effective relief from anxiety-related disorders. It can offer
relief for patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Fibromyalgia and
Epilepsy. CBD has also been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth
when injected into breast and brain tumors in combination with
THC.
A cannabis cultivar can be used to achieve the desire of patients
to be treated with CBD without the adverse side-effects (e.g.,
psychoactivity) of THC.
Cannabichromene (CBC) is a rare, non-psychoactive cannabinoid,
usually found at low levels (<1%) when present. It has been
shown to have anti-depressant effects and to improve the
pain-relieving effects of THC. Studies have demonstrated that CBC
has sedative effects such as promoting relaxation.
Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC) are both
non-psychoactive and end products of CBG metabolism, like THC, so
that they can be used medically.
Cannabigerol (CBG) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid. CBG-acid is
the precursor to both THC-acid and CBD-acid in the plant usually
found at low levels (<1%) when present. It has been demonstrated
to have both pain relieving and inflammation reducing effects. CBG
reduces intraocular pressure, associated with glaucoma. CBG has
been shown to have antibiotic properties and to inhibit platelet
aggregation, which slows the rate of blood clotting. While
Cannabigerol (CBG), is not considered psychoactive, it is known to
block the psychoactive effects of THC and is considered medically
active in a variety of conditions. Its precursor, cannabigerolic
acid, CBGA,
(E)-3-(3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic
acid, is being studied medically.
Cannabinol (CBN) is an oxidative degradation product of THC. It may
result from improper storage or curing and extensive processing,
such as when making concentrates. It is usually formed when THC is
exposed to UV light and oxygen over time. CBN has some psychoactive
properties, less strength than THC. CBN is thought to enhance the
dizziness and disorientation that users of cannabis may experience.
It may cause feelings of grogginess, but has been shown to reduce
heart rate.
High potency cannabis plants contain large quantities of specific
terpenes as well as various assortments of other terpenes. For
instance, a cannabis plant may have a profile with either a high
level of, a moderate amount of or a small amount of various
terpenes depending on its cultivar and environmental
conditions.
Various cultivars of `Cannabis` species have been cultivated in an
effort to create a cultivar best suited to meet the interest of
inventors according to their own need. The particular plant
disclosed herein was discovered in the area where the inventors
were intentionally cross-pollinating and cultivating plants
described below using standard Mendelian breeding procedures well
known to those of ordinary skill in the art. This resulted in the
progenies of the inventors' crosses.
The progenies resulting from any selection stage of either the
crossing, selfing or backcrossing versions of the breeding regimes
of the present invention were asexually reproduced to fix and
maintain the desirable THC content, CBs content, terpenes content,
the aroma and flavor(s) typical of the desired class, and the other
desirable phenotypic and/or genotypic characteristics. The
resultant selected cannabis cultivar is designated as `BIHEMP
050924` disclosed herein.
The inventors reproduced progenies asexually by stem cutting and
cloning. This is the origin of this remarkable new cultivar. The
plant has been and continues to be asexually reproduced by stem
cutting and cloning at the inventors' greenhouses, nurseries and/or
fields in Salinas, Calif., Oakland, Calif., and/or Washington,
D.C.
The following are the most outstanding and distinguishing chemical
characteristics of this new cultivar when grown under normal
conditions in Salinas, Calif. Chemical analyses of the new cannabis
variety and the check variety (or the parental varieties) disclosed
herein were performed using standard chemical separation techniques
well known to those skilled in the art. Samples for assaying were
obtained from flower tissues of the cannabis plant disclosed
herein. Cannabinoid composition of this cultivar can be determined
by assaying the concentration of at least one cannabinoid in a
subset (e.g., sample) of the harvested product.
Table 1 includes detailed information of the cannabis plant named
`BIHEMP 050924` including the concentration ranges of terpenes and
cannabinoids as tested on flowers at least seven different times.
The cannabis plant has been tested in a laboratory setting and/or
facility to determine cannabinoids and terpenes concentrations in
the cannabis plant named `BIHEMP 050924` according to the
procedures provided in Giese et al. (Journal of AOAC International
(2015) 98(6):1503-1522). 1) The main terpenes found in `BIHEMP
050924` are beta-caryophyllene, limonene, alpha-humulene, linalool,
myrcene, trans-ocimene, beta-pinene, fenchol, and alpha-terpineol;
and 2) The estimated concentration of the total THC.sub.max,
CBD.sub.max, and CBG.sub.max is about 0.21-0.43%, about
5.02-10.86%, and about 0.10-0.72%, respectively, at the time of
assaying metabolites from flower samples of `BIHEMP 050924`.
Terpene and cannabinoid profiles of `BIHEMP 050924` demonstrate
that `BIHEMP 050924` has a phenotypically unique profile,
particular insofar as to the level of terpenes and cannabinoids.
This data is presented in a tabular form in Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ranges of Active Cannabinoids and Terpenes
Ranges of Active Cannabinoids (% by weight) Max THC 0.21- Max CBD
5.02- Max CBG 0.10- 0.43% 10.86% 0.72% Ranges of Terpenes (% by
weight) thujene 0.00% gamma- 0.00% hexyl 0.00- terpinene hexanoate
0.03% alpha-pinene 0.01- linalool 0.00% octyl butyrate 0.00% 0.04%
oxide camphene 0.00- terpinolene 0.00- beta-caryo- 0.12- 0.01%
0.02% phyllene 0.60% sabinene 0.00% fenchone 0.00% alpha- 0.03-
humulene 0.38% beta-pinene 0.01- linalool 0.02- cis-nerolidol 0.00%
0.07% 0.16% myrcene 0.00- fenchol 0.01- trans-nerolidol 0.03- 0.12%
0.06% 0.05% alpha- 0.00% -- -- caryophyllene 0.00- phellandrene
oxide 0.03% carene 0.00% camphor 0.00% alpha-bisabolol 0.01- 0.03%
alpha-terpinene 0.00% isoborneol 0.00% nerol 0.00% limonene 0.06-
(-) borneol 0.00- geraniol 0.00% 0.62% 0.02% beta- 0.00% menthol
0.00% geranyl-acetate 0.00% phellandrene cineole 0.00% hexyl 0.00%
methyl- 0.00% butyrate eugenol cis-ocimene 0.00% alpha- 0.01- Total
Terpenes 0.61- terpineol 0.06% 2.42% trans-ocimene 0.00-
citronellol 0.00% -- -- 0.12%
The cannabis plant named `BIHEMP 050924` has a complement of
terpenes, including but not limited to, relatively high levels of
beta-caryophyllene, limonene, alpha-humulene, linalool, myrcene,
trans-ocimene, beta-pinene, fenchol, and alpha-terpineol compared
to other terpene compounds. This unique combination of differently
concentrated terpenes further distinguishes `BIHEMP 050924` from
other varieties in its odor, its medical qualities, and its effects
on mood and mentation.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction, also known as "cloning", is a process well
known to those of ordinary skill in the art of cannabis production
and breeding and includes the following steps.
The cannabis cultivar disclosed herein is asexually propagated via
taking cuttings of shoots and putting them in rock wool cubes.
These cubes are presoaked with pH adjusted water and kept warm
(.about.80.degree. F.). Full trays are covered, left under 18 hours
of light and allowed to root (7-14 days). Upon root onset, the
plantlets are transplanted into rigid 1 gallon containers filled
with a proprietary soil mix A and remain in 18 hours of daylight
for another 14-21 days. Once root-bound, plants are transplanted
into rigid 3 gallon containers filled with proprietary soil mix B.
Immediately, the light cycle is altered to 12/12 and flower
initiating begins. The plants remain in 12/12 lighting until
harvesting. They undergo a propriety nutrient regimen and grow as
undisturbed as possible for 60-70 days depending on chemotype
analysis.
All sun leaves are removed and the plant is dismantled to result in
approximately 12'' branches covered in inflorescences and
trichomes. The goal in harvesting is to actually harvest trichome
heads but not `buds`. Thus, great care is taken not to disturb the
trichome heads and as much of the plant remains intact as possible
to promote even and slow drying. Slow drying is followed by a one
to two months curing process.
Observation of the all female progenies of the original plant has
demonstrated that this new and distinct cultivar has fulfilled the
objectives and that its distinctive characteristics are firmly
fixed and hold true from generation to generation vegetatively
propagated from the original plant.
Under careful observation, the unique characteristics of the new
cultivar have been uniform, stable and reproduced true to type in
successive generations of asexual reproduction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying color photographs depict characteristics of the
new `BIHEMP 050924` plants as nearly true as possible to make color
reproductions. The overall appearance of the `BIHEMP 050924` plants
in photographs is shown in colors that may differ slightly from the
color values described in the detailed botanical description.
FIG. 1 shows an overall view of the `BIHEMP 050924` plant from the
side.
FIG. 2A shows a close view of a single leaf of the check variety
BLK03 plant.
FIG. 2B shows a close view of a single leaf of the new variety
`BIHEMP 050924` plant.
FIG. 3A shows top parts (including inflorescence) of the BLK03
plant from the side.
FIG. 3B shows top parts (including inflorescence) of the `BIHEMP
050924` plant from the side.
FIG. 4 shows a close view of flowers of the `BIHEMP 050924` plant
at the late flowering/mature stage.
FIG. 5 shows another close view of flowers of the `BIHEMP 050924`
plant at the late flowering/mature stage.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
`BIHEMP 050924` has not been observed under all possible
environmental conditions, and the phenotype may vary significantly
with variations in environment. The following observations,
measurements, and comparisons describe this plant as grown at
Salinas, Calif., when grown in the greenhouse, nursery or field,
unless otherwise noted.
Plants for the botanical measurements in the present application
are annual plants. In the following description, the color
determination is in accordance with The Royal Horticultural Society
Colour Chart, 2007 Edition, except where general color terms of
ordinary dictionary significance are used.
The cannabis plant disclosed herein was derived from female and
male parents that are internally designated as below.
A GNBR internal Code of the cannabis plant named `BIHEMP 050924` is
05.09.24. A GNBR Breeding Code of the cannabis plant named `BIHEMP
050924` is (V24.S1.O3xV24.S1.N5.05)x(V24.S1.O3xV24.S1.N5.09).24.
The additional number `.24` was only assigned to the 24.sup.th
individual plant (i.e. `BIHEMP 050924`) selected from progenies of
the cross event between pollen acceptor (O3.N5.05) and pollen donor
(O3.N5.09). `BIHEMP 050924` is a fertile hybrid derived from a
controlled-cross between two proprietary cultivars: (i)
V24.S1.O3xV24.S1.N5.05 (pollen acceptor; female parent), also known
as O3.N5.05 or 05 and (ii) V24.S1.O3xV24.S1.N5.09 (pollen donor;
male parent), also known as O3.N5.09 or 09. The initial cross
between two parental cultivars was made in April 2015. The primary
phenotypic criteria used to select the new and distinct cannabis
cultivar disclosed herein is as follows: structure score,
nose/organoleptic testing, mold susceptibility/resistance, and
insect susceptibility/resistance. Also, the first asexual
propagation of `BIHEMP 050924` occurred on Mar. 25, 2017 in
Salinas, Calif.
The following traits in combination further distinguish the
cannabis cultivar `BIHEMP 050924` from the check variety `BLK03`,
which is set as a standard for phenotypic comparison. Tables 2 to 6
present phenotypic traits and/or characteristics of `BIHEMP 050924`
compared to the check variety `BLK03` as follows. All plants were
raised together and evaluated when 100 days old (i.e., 25 days in
vegetative stage, 15 days in propagation stage, and 60 days in
flowering times).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 General Characteristics Characteristics New
Variety Check Variety (BLK03) Plant life An herbaceous plant An
herbaceous plant forms (herb) (herb) Plant growth An upright,
tap-rooted An upright, tap-rooted habit annual plant; forming
annual plant; forming fibrous roots when fibrous roots asexually
propagated when asexually propagated Plant origin A
controlled-cross A controlled-cross between between pollen acceptor
pollen acceptor (GLD13) (O3.N5.05) and pollen and pollen donor
donor (O3.N5.09) (BSIA) Plant Asexually propagated Asexually
propagated propagation by stem by stem cuttings and cloning
cuttings and cloning Propagation Easy Moderate ease Height 0.3-1.2
m 0.5-2.5 m Width 56 cm 119.5 cm Plant vigor High Medium Time to 10
weeks 8 weeks Harvest (Seed to Harvest) Resistance to Resistant to
pests as Not Resistant to pests as pests or follows; (1) follows;
(1) two spotted diseases Western Flower Thrip spider mite
(Frankliniella (Tetranychus urticae occidentalis); (2) (Koch)); (2)
Aphids Leaf Miner (Liriomyza species such as: Cannabis sativae);
(3) Whitefly Aphids (Phorodon (Trialeurodes vapor- cannabis), Green
Peach ariorum); (4) Lepidoptera Aphid (Myzus persicae species such
as: (Sulzer)), Foxglove Aphid Armyworm (Spodoptera (Aulacorthum
frupperda), Cabbage solani), Peach Whites (Pieris rapae), Aphid
(Macrosiphum Painted Lady (Vanessa euphorbiae) and Black cardui),
Lepidoptera sp. Bean whitefly Aphid (Aphis fabae); (3)
(Trialeurodes Resistant to diseases as vaporariorum); follows;
Botrytis/ (4) Lepidoptera species Flower Rot (Botrytis such as:
Armyworm cinerea), Powdery (Spodoptera frupperda), Mildew
(Podosphaera Cabbage Whites xanthii) (Pieris rapae), Painted Lady
(Vanessa cardui), Lepidoptera sp. Not resistant to diseases as
follows; Botrytis/Flower Rot (Botrytis cinerea) and Powdery Mildew
(Podosphaera xanthii) Genetically- NO NO modified organism
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Leaf/Foliage Check Variety Characteristics
New Variety (BLK03) Leaf Alternate Alternate arrangement Leaf shape
Palmately compound Palmately compound Leaf structure
Linear-lanceolate Linear-lanceolate leaflet blades with leaflet
blades with glandular hairs glandular hairs Leaf margins Dentate,
coarsely Dentate, coarsely serrated, and the serrated, and the
teeth point away teeth point away from the tip from the tip Leaf
hairs Present on both upper Present on both and lower surfaces
upper and lower surfaces Leaf length with petiole 20.4 cm 16.6 cm
at maturity Leaf width at maturity 9.8-14.6 cm 10.7 cm Petiole
length at maturity 7.7 cm 6.5 cm Petiole color (RHS No.) 53A at day
60 in 140C flowering; 134B at day 5 in flowering Intensity of
petiole Weak (early flowering Medium (vegetative anthocyanin
stage); stage); very Medium (late flowering strong (late stage -
during days flowering stage) 30-60 in flowering) Stipule length at
maturity 0.6 cm 0.7 cm Stipule shape Elliptical Elliptical Stipule
color (RHS No.) 134A 149B No. of leaflets 5-7 5-7 Middle largest
(longest) 12.1 cm 9.8 cm leaflet length Middle largest (longest)
2.2 cm 2.3 cm leaflet width Middle largest (longest) 12.1:2.2
9.8:2.3 leaflet length/width ratio No. teeth of middle leaflet 22
25 (average) Leaf (upper side) color 139B 132A (RHS No.) Leaf
(lower side) color 139C 134D (RHS No.) Leaf glossiness Strong at
the Strong upper surface Vein/midrib shape Obliquely continuous
Obliquely throughout leaflet continuous throughout leaflet
Vein/midrib color 151D 144C (RHS No.) Aroma Pungent, yet sweet
Spicy
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Stem Check Variety Characteristics New
Variety (BLK03) Stem shape Hollow, ribbed, Hollow, ribbed, large
textured Stem diameter at base 2.3 cm 2.8 cm Stem color (RHSNo.)
149D N144D Depth of main stem ribs/grooves Shallow Absent Internode
length 14.4-27.2 cm 2.4-4.9 cm
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Inflorescence (Female/Pistillate Flowers)
Characteristics New Variety Check Variety (BLK03) Flowering
Elongated compound Elongated compound (blooming) cymes, from 0.2 m-
cymes, from 0.5 m- habit 1.5 m in length 1.2 m in length Proportion
of female 100% pistillate 100% pistillate plants Inflorescence
Above Even position Flower arrangement Cymose Cymose (terminal bud
matures, while lateral flowers mature thereafter) Number of flowers
110-143 per cyme 80-120 per cyme per plant Flower shape
Calcarate-urceolate Calcarate-urceolate Flower (individual 0.3 cm
0.7 cm pistillate) length Flower (compound 4.7 cm 3 .8 cm cyme)
diameter Corolla shape No defined corolla No defined corolla
Corolla size n/a n/a Corolla Color n/a n/a (RHS No.) Bract shape
Urceolate Urceolate Bract size 0.4-1.2 cm 0.2-0.8 cm Bract color
130B N134C (RHS No.) Calyx shape No defined calyx No defined calyx
Calyx color n/a n/a (RHS No.) Stigma shape Linear Acute Stigma
length 1.9 mm 2.2 mm Stigma color 53A 159D (RHS No.) Trichome shape
Capitate-stalked glandular Capitate-stalked glandular Trichome
color 157A before harvest, at 157A at day 40 in (RHS No.)
approximately day flowering 38 of flowering Other types of Capitate
sessile tri- Capitate sessile tri- trichomes chomes are present
chomes are present on on the leaves of plants, the leaves of
plants, as as well as being noticed well as being noticed in the
flowers (color: in the flowers (color: 157A at day 38 157A at day
40 in flowering). in flowering). During later flowering, During
later flowering, i.e. day 40 to i.e. day 48 to day 60 day 60 in
flowering, in flowering, capitate the capitate stalked stalked
trichomes are trichomes are present present (color: N30B). (color:
N30B). Bulbous and non- glandular trichomes are also present and
most noticeable on the petioles, stems, and leaves (color: 157A).
Terminal bud shape Oblong Oblong Terminal bud color 132C 203C (RHS
No.) Pedicel Absent Absent Staminate shape No staminate flowers No
staminate flowers produced naturally; produced naturally; however,
male flower however, male flower (staminate) can be (staminate) can
be induced with chemical induced with chemical compounds (such as
compounds (such as silver nitrate silver nitrate and silver and
silver thiosulphate thiosulphate anionic anionic complex).
complex). Pollen description Absent Absent Seed shape Smooth and
globular Smooth and globular Seed size 2.0-2.8 mm 1.8-2.3 mm
Marbling of seed Weak Absent (non-existent) Petal description
Apetalous Apetalous Max THC content About 0.21-0.43% About
18.88-19.37% Max CBD About 5.02-10.86 % 0.00% content Max CBG About
0.10-0.72% About 0.84-0.91 % content n/a: not available
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Other Characteristics Characteristics New
Variety Check Variety (BLK03) Time period and 6-8 weeks 7-9 weeks
condition of flowering/ blooming Hardiness of Hardy to 25.degree.
F.-ambient Hardy to 25.degree. F.-ambient plant temperature
temperature Breaking action Flexible, highly resistant to Strong,
non-flexible breakage Rooting rate 99%-vigorous 70%-moderate after
cutting/cloning Types of Stem Stem Cutting for Cloning Shipping
quality Good Moderate Storage life Medium (2-5 months Medium (2-6
months with minor changes in with minor changes in physical
appearance physical appearance and/or smell/taste) and/ or
smell/taste) Market use Medicinal n/a Productivity of Approximately
Approximately flower 0.136-0.363 kg 0.14-0.45 kg can can be
produced per be produced per plant, dependent on plant; dependent
finished plant size on finished size (1.0-2.6 m); Growing (0.6-1.2
m); Growing conditions/en- conditions/en- vironment will vironment
will dictate final yield/output dictate final yield/output
In general, `BIHEMP 050924` is larger in height than both parents,
(O3.N5.05) and (O3.N5.09). `BIHEMP 050924` is more robust in terms
of growing performance, time to rooted clones, and time to flower
maturity. Also, `BIHEMP 050924` has greater resistance to pests and
diseases, stronger branches, thicker stems, greater flexibility,
and higher yielding. `BIHEMP 050924` clearly demonstrates hybrid
vigor, and outperforms both parents overall. Chemically, `BIHEMP
050924` has a higher propyl cannabinoid content as well as a higher
terpene content than either parent.
When `BIHEMP 050924` is compared to the check variety `BLK03`,
`BIHEMP 050924` is shorter in plant height and narrower in plant
width than `BLK03`.`BIHEMP 050924` shows higher plant vigor and
longer time to harvest than `BLK03`. However, `BIHEMP 050924` has
longer leafs than `BLK03` in terms of whole leaf length including
petiole. Also, `BIHEMP 050924` has longer leaflets than `BLK03`
when comparing the middle largest leaflet length, while `BIHEMP
050924` has less teeth numbers in middle leaflet than `BLK03`.
`BIHEMP 050924` has a longer petiole but a little shorter stipule
in average than `BLK03` at maturity. Regarding the average stem
diameter at base, `BIHEMP 050924` is shorter than `BLK03`. However,
the internode length of `BIHEMP 050924` is conspicuously longer
than that of `BLK03`. In terms of flower numbers per cyme, `BIHEMP
050924` has more flowers than `BLK03`. When comparing the compound
cyme diameter, `BIHEMP 050924` is longer than `BLK03`, while
individual pistillate flower of `BIHEMP 050924` is shorter than
that of `BLK03`. `BIHEMP 050924` has a longer bract than `BLK03`,
while having a little shorter stigma. With respect to aroma,
`BIHEMP 050924` have a pungent yet sweet scent, while `BLK03` has a
generally spicy smell.
When `BIHEMP 050924` is compared to the known cannabis plant named
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 27,475), there are several
distinctive characteristics. For example, overall form of `BIHEMP
050924` plant is short in plant height but wider across at the
widest point than the `ECUADORIAN SATIVA` plant. `BIHEMP 050924`
plant has a little longer middle leaflet (without petiole) and
whole leaf (with petiole) length than the `ECUADORIAN SATIVA`
plant. Generally, `BIHEMP 050924` plant has a little shorter
petiole at maturity than the `ECUADORIAN SATIVA` plant. `BIHEMP
050924` plant has a narrower middle leaflet width than the
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA` plant. Regarding stem diameter at base, `BIHEMP
050924` is similar to `ECUADORIAN SATIVA`. While the aroma of
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA` is strongly mephitic with hints of limonene,
`BIHEMP 050924` has a pungent yet sweet scent. When comparing total
THC content between `BIHEMP 050924` and `ECUADORIAN SATIVA`, the
total THC content of `BIHEMP 050924` is between 0.21-0.43%, while
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA` accumulates 12.45% total THC.
`BIHEMP 050924` having no more than 0.3% THC content, qualifies as
a hemp under most growing conditions. As with other plants, `BIHEMP
050924` may accumulate higher contents of total THC under some
growing conditions, or if allowed to continue growing past
maturity.
* * * * *