U.S. patent number PP23,785 [Application Number 13/373,631] was granted by the patent office on 2013-07-30 for sweetpotato plant named `07-146`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Through The LSU AgCenter, N/A. The grantee listed for this patent is Christopher A. Clark, Don R. LaBonte, Tara Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon. Invention is credited to Christopher A. Clark, Don R. LaBonte, Tara Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon.
United States Patent |
PP23,785 |
LaBonte , et al. |
July 30, 2013 |
Sweetpotato plant named `07-146`
Abstract
A new variety of sweetpotato identified as `07-146` is disclosed
having disease resistance to fusarium wilt, rhizopus soft rot, and
Streptomyces soil rot, an orange flesh, and high yield
characteristics.
Inventors: |
LaBonte; Don R. (Baton Rouge,
LA), Villordon; Arthur Q. (Monroe, LA), Smith; Tara
(Chase, LA), Clark; Christopher A. (Baton Rouge, LA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
LaBonte; Don R.
Villordon; Arthur Q.
Smith; Tara
Clark; Christopher A. |
Baton Rouge
Monroe
Chase
Baton Rouge |
LA
LA
LA
LA |
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Board of Supervisors of Louisiana
State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Through
The LSU AgCenter (Baton Rouge, LA)
N/A (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
48428298 |
Appl.
No.: |
13/373,631 |
Filed: |
November 22, 2011 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20130133119 P1 |
May 23, 2013 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/258 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
5/06 (20130101); A01H 5/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/258 |
Primary Examiner: Para; Annette
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Carver; James C.
Government Interests
The development of this invention was partially funded by the
Government through a grant for the United States Department of
Agriculture, USDA NIFA Grant Number NA/LAB93957. The Government may
have certain rights in this invention.
Claims
We claim:
1. A new and distinct variety of Ipomoea batatas plant named
`07-146` as described and illustrated in the specification herein.
Description
This invention pertains to a new and distinct variety of
sweetpotato.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Sweetpotatoes, unlike Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), are not
tuber propagated plants. A "tuber" is a short, thickened portion of
an underground branch. Along a tuber "eyes" are found, each of
which comprises a ridge bearing a scale-like leaf (analogous to a
branch leaf) having minute meristematic buds in the axial of the
leaf. By contrast, sweetpotato roots are developmentally and
anatomically true roots, lacking meristematic buds, and are not
derived from an underground branch. Sweetpotatoes do not form
tubers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Genus And Species Name
This new and distinct sweetpotato variety, Ipomoea batatas (L.)
Lam., demonstrates superior disease resistance to Fusarium wilt,
soil rot, and Rhizopus soft rot and exhibits an orange flesh. It
also demonstrates high yield characteristics in comparison to
`Beauregard`.
Variety Denomination
This new and distinct sweetpotato variety is identified as
`07-146`, and is characterized by a red skin, orange flesh, high
yield, and elevated sucrose content.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The file of this patent contains at least one photograph executed
in color. Copies of this patent or patent application with color
drawing(s) will be provided by the Patent and Trademark Office upon
request and payment of the necessary fee.
FIG. 1 is a color photograph of the fleshy root form of the novel
variety of sweetpotato identified as `07-146`.
FIG. 2 is a color photograph of the fleshy root form of the
sweetpotato variety identified as `Beauregard`.
FIG. 3 is a color photograph of the canopy biomasses of the variety
of sweetpotato identified as `Beauregard` (shown on the right side
of the photograph) and the novel variety identified as `07-146`
(shown on the left side of the photograph).
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
Observations of this new variety of sweetpotato, named `07-146`,
were made approximately 90-110 days after planting. This new
variety of sweetpotato, named `07-146`, resulted from an open
pollinated cross performed in 2006 to the female parent `89-110`
(not patented). The male parent was unknown. Four patented male
parents (`L96-117` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 15,038 P2); `Bienville`
(U.S. Plant Pat. No. 15,380 P3); `Evangeline` (U.S. Plant Pat. No.
19,710 P3); and `Murasaki-29` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 19,955 P2) were
among the potential pollen sources in the crossing nursery.
`07-146` was developed to provide a variety with characteristics
similar to `Beauregard` (unpatented), but with improved yield and
higher sucrose content.
Plants of `07-146` and `Beauregard` are different. A red [2.5 R
(red)] marking at the base of the leaf junction with the petiole is
larger in comparison to a similar marking found on `Beauregard` and
extends the length of the adaxial veins of mature leaves and was
present throughout major adaxial veins in immature leaves.
`Beauregard` has no red hue to veins. Color terminology used herein
is in accordance with the MUNSELL.RTM. Book of Color (Munsell
Color, GretagMacbeth LLC, 617 Little Britain Road, New Windsor,
N.Y. 12553-6148). The color descriptions and color illustrations
are as nearly true as is reasonably possible. However, it is
understood that both color and other phenotypic expressions
described herein may vary from plant to plant with differences in
growth, environment and cultural conditions, without any change in
the genotype of the variety `07-146`.
`07-146` roots were stored during the winter at Chase, La. `07-146`
was planted the following spring, resulting in approximately 8-10
sprouts per root. Cuttings from the sprouts were transplanted
successfully for asexual reproduction. Asexual propagation of the
new cultivar by cuttings has shown that the unique features of this
new sweetpotato were stable, and that the plant reproduced true to
type in successive generations of asexual propagation. Plants
described herein were approximately 90-110 days in age from
planting in full sun field plantings.
FIG. 1 depicts the fleshy root form of the `07-146` sweetpotato.
The skin is red and differs from the light to medium rose,
`Beauregard`, both at harvest and after several months of storage
as shown in Table 1. MUNSELL.RTM. Book of Color values for skin and
flesh for both `07-146` and `Beauregard` storage roots 5 days after
harvest are shown in Table 1. The `Beauregard` sweetpotato is
depicted in FIG. 2. The skin for both `07-146` and `Beauregard` was
smooth. `07-146` storage roots were elliptical with slight lobing,
and tend to be more blunt than `Beauregard`. The `07-146` cortex
was 4 mm in depth. The flesh of `07-146` is deep orange compared to
the lighter flesh of `Beauregard`.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Variable Variety Color Skin `07-146` 2.5 R
(red) 5/6 `Beauregard` 10 R (red) 6/6 Flesh `07-146` 2.5 Y (yellow)
R (red) 7/12 `Beauregard` 2.5 Y (yellow) R (red) 7/10
FIG. 3 depicts the canopy biomass of both `07-146` sweetpotatoes
and `Beauregard` sweetpotatoes. `07-146` has green-stemmed vines [5
G (green) Y (yellow) (7/8)] from the apex to the crown of the
roots. The `07-146` canopy biomass is slightly more compact, but
appears similar to `Beauregard`. The `07-146` canopy architecture
was 33 cm in height from the soil surface and 335 cm in a radial
spread. For `07-146`, three to four main vines arose from the main
stem near the soil surface. The stem giving rise to these vines was
1.7-1.9 cm in diameter; the 5-6 lateral vines were 180 cm in length
with diameters of about 0.7-0.9 cm at 65 cm from the base,
diameters of about 1 cm at the base of the vine, and diameters of
about 0.6 cm at the first internode of the first fully developed
leaf from the apex. Five to six lateral branches arose from each of
the main vines. At the first internode from the apex, the internode
length was about 3.9 cm between the first and second fully
developed leaves. Internode lengths for other sections of the vine
averaged about 5.3 cm. Unfolded immature leaves were dark green [5
G (green) Y (yellow) (4/4)] for the upper and lower surface [5 G
(green) Y (yellow) (4/4)], which change gradually over one to two
nodes from the apex to a green upper surface [5 G (green) Y
(yellow) (5/6)] to a green lower surface [5 G (green) Y (yellow)
(6/6)]. Mature leaves at five nodes from the apex had an acute apex
and mostly a cordate base and a smooth leaf margin. Mature leaves
were about 10.9 cm long and 10.9 cm wide. Abaxial veins were green
[7.5 G (green) Y (yellow) (6/6)] and red adaxial veins [2.5 R
(red)]. The petiole was green [5 G (green) Y (yellow) (7/8)] and
similar to the vine. A red [2.5 R (red)] marking was at the base of
the leaf junction with the petiole. This coloration is faded but
present in major adaxial veins in immature leaves, while diminished
in mature leaves. The petiole was 9 cm long at five nodes from the
apex, and 3 mm in diameter at 5 cm from the leaf junction. The
dormant nodal meristem also was green [5 G (green) Y (yellow)
(7/8)].
A typical inflorescence of `07-146` displayed three to four
clusters of two to three flowers per peduncle. Peduncles were green
[5 G (green) Y (yellow) (7/8)], about 11-13 cm long, and about 4 mm
in diameter. Individual flowers were about 4 cm long from the base
of the calyx, and the corolla was 4 to 5 cm wide at the opening.
The fused flower petals formed a pentagonal pattern with smooth
edges. The inner throat of the corolla appeared purple [2.5 R (red)
P (purple) (3/6)]. The inner and outer limbs of the corolla
(corollas outermost area, distal from the calyx) were very light
purple [2.5 R (red) P (purple) (6/4)]. The five sepals comprising
the calyx were elliptic with a cordate apex and appeared to be
green [2.5 G (green) Y (yellow) (7/8)]; three of these sepals were
about 13 mm long and 6 mm wide. Two other sepals (interspersed)
were about 10 mm long and 3 mm wide. Sepal margins were smooth.
Stigmata were about 1.5 cm long and appeared to be light purple
[2.5 R (red) P (purple) (6/4)]. Three of the five stamens were
inferior to stigmata. A slight fragrance was present.
EXAMPLE 1
Tests Conducted
To confirm that `07-146` was a new variety, controlled tests (e.g.,
pathogen responses and yield) were conducted in Baton Rouge, La.
`Beauregard` was selected for comparison because of its importance
in commercial United States orange flesh sweetpotato acreage.
Diseases that commonly affect the growth of sweetpotatoes were
selected to test for pathogen responses in both varieties. Scions
of `07-146` and `Beauregard` reacted similarly to most diseases
evaluated in the controlled tests. `07-146` and `Beauregard` were
intermediate to resistant for Streptomyces soil rot caused by
Streptomyces ipomoeae (Person & W. J. Martin) Waksman &
Henrici. `07-146` and `Beauregard` were resistant to Fusarium wilt
or stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. f. sp. batatas
(Wollenw.) Snyd. & Hans.
Nematode reproduction was measured in greenhouse tests. `07-146`
was intermediate and `Beauregard` was susceptible to southern
root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White 1919)
Chitwood 1949. `07-146` was highly resistant and `Beauregard`
resistant to Rhizopus soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehr.
ex. Fr.) Lind. Susceptibility to bacterial root rot caused by
Dickeya dadantii Samson et al. was measured by postharvest
inoculation of storage roots. `07-146` and `Beauregard` were both
susceptible to bacterial root rot.
`07-146` did not appear to show any novel insect resistance.
To determine yield production, complete-block trials using four
replications of `07-146` and `Beauregard` each were conducted in
2009 and 2011 in areas of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, and
Alabama likely to produce `07-146`. `07-146` and `Beauregard`
sweetpotato plants were transplanted in randomized complete-block
trials at 31 cm spacings. Each block/plot was fertilized with
approximately 250 pounds per acre of a mixed fertilizer comprising
13% N, 13% P.sub.2O.sub.5, and 13% K.sub.2O. `07-146` was compared
to `Beauregard` at transplanting dates beginning in May-July.
Average yields were measured for the following grades of roots:
U.S. #1 (51-89 mm in diameter, 76-229 mm long); Canner (25-51 mm in
diameter, 51-178 mm long); and Jumbo (larger than U.S. #1 in
diameter, length or both, and without objectionable defects). A
typical marketable root of `07-146` was 180-190 mm long, 65-80 mm
in diameter, with mostly round-elliptic in shapes. The base or
distal end tended to be more elongated in comparison to slightly
rounder apex (proximal end). U.S. #1 roots typically weighed
150-190 g.
A mid-season transplanting date trial was conducted at
Bellefontaine, Miss. in 2009. `07-146` and `Beauregard` were
transplanted on Jun. 3, 2009, and harvested on Oct. 8, 2009 (127
days after planting). Average yields, measured as Metric Tons per
Hectare (MTha.sup.-1), are shown in Table 2.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Selection US#1.sup..dagger.
Canners.sup..dagger. Jumbos.sup..dagger. TMY-
.sup..dagger-dbl..dagger. `07-146` 27.2a 30.5a 3.0a 63.5a
`Beauregard` 16.0a 22.8a 3.1a 43.1a .sup..dagger.Average yields in
MT ha.sup.-1 of varieties followed by a common letter do not differ
significantly (P < 0.05) according to Duncan's Multiple Range
Test. TMY.sup..dagger-dbl. = total marketable yield
An early-season transplanting date trial was also conducted at
Ville Platte, La. on May 27, 2009, and harvested on Sep. 30, 2009
(126 days after planting). Average yields (MTha.sup.-1) by grade of
`07-146` and `Beauregard` are shown in Table 3.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Selection US#1.sup..dagger.
Canners.sup..dagger. Jumbos.sup..dagger. TMY-
.sup..dagger-dbl..dagger. `07-146` 38.3a 6.4a 0a 44.8a `Beauregard`
32.9a 6.1a 4.4a 43.3b .sup..dagger.Average yields in MT ha.sup.-1
of varieties followed by a common letter do not differ
significantly (P < 0.05) according to Duncan's Multiple Range
Test. TMY.sup..dagger-dbl. = total marketable yield
A mid-season transplanting date trial was also conducted at Bonita,
La. on Jun. 2, 2010, and harvested on Sep. 30, 2010 (120 days after
planting). Average yields (MTha.sup.-1) by grade of `07-146` and
`Beauregard` are shown in Table 4.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Selection US#1.sup..dagger.
Canners.sup..dagger. Jumbos.sup..dagger. TMY-
.sup..dagger-dbl..dagger. `07-146` 22.1a 8.4a 9.7a 40.3a
`Beauregard` 14.4a 7.7a 10.8a 32.9a .sup..dagger.Average yields in
MT ha.sup.-1 of varieties followed by a common letter do not differ
significantly (P < 0.05) according to Duncan's Multiple Range
Test. TMY.sup..dagger-dbl. = total marketable yield
A late-season transplanting date trial was also conducted at Oak
Grove, La. on Jul. 8 , 2010, and harvested on Nov. 10, 2010 (125
days after planting). Average yields (MTha.sup.-1) by grade of
`07-146` and `Beauregard` are shown in Table 5.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Selection US#1.sup..dagger.
Canners.sup..dagger. Jumbos.sup..dagger. TMY-
.sup..dagger-dbl..dagger. `07-146` 20.5a 2.3a 0.2a 23.1a
`Beauregard` 8.6b 6.1a 1.1a 15.9b .sup..dagger.Average yields in MT
ha.sup.-1 of varieties followed by a common letter do not differ
significantly (P < 0.05) according to Duncan's Multiple Range
Test. TMY.sup..dagger-dbl. = total marketable yield
A mid-season transplanting date trial was also conducted at
Montrose, Ark. on Jun. 2, 2010, and harvested on Oct. 15, 2010 (135
days after planting). Average yields (MTha.sup.-1) by grade of
`07-146` and `Beauregard` are shown in Table 6.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Selection US#1.sup..dagger.
Canners.sup..dagger. Jumbos.sup..dagger. TMY-
.sup..dagger-dbl..dagger. `07-146` 17.2a 12.2a 6.8a 36.1a
`Beauregard` 7.7b 15.5a 4.0a 27.2a .sup..dagger.Average yields in
MT ha.sup.-1 of varieties followed by a common letter do not differ
significantly (P < 0.05) according to Duncan's Multiple Range
Test. TMY.sup..dagger-dbl. = total marketable yield
As shown in Tables 2-6, `07-146` produced yields comparable to, and
mostly exceeding `Beauregard` in regional trials at various
planting dates. Yield in comparison to `Beauregard` in heavier silt
loam soils (Tables 3 and 5) were similar to outcomes in lighter,
sandy loam soils (Tables 2, 4 and 6). Replicated plots at other
farms and on station have shown `07-146` has consistent yields for
early, middle, or late season plantings. Yield declines are within
norms in poor environments. `07-146` had harvestable roots
approximately 115-120 days after planting, which is typical
development time for sweetpotatoes and comparable to `Beauregard`.
The yield of Jumbo grade is indicative of earliness and `07-146`
was similar to the jumbo yield of `Beauregard` statistically;
however, rank changed from plot to plot. Yield in 13 other plots
(data not shown) in Louisiana in years 2009 and 2010 showed no
significant difference in yield in comparison to the `Beauregard`
variety for the important U.S. #1 grade in 9 plots. Yield of
`07-146` for U.S. #1 grade was significantly higher in 4 plots in
comparison to `Beauregard`. In total, `07-146` ranked higher in
yield of U.S. #1 grade in 12 out of 13 farm plots in comparison to
`Beauregard`. These same trends were found for total marketable
yield and reflect on an increase in storage roots in all classes.
Field observations suggest that `07-146` has more tolerance to
saturated soil conditions in comparison to `Beauregard`; however,
more trials are needed.
Sugar profiles for baked `07-146` and `Beauregard` are shown in
Table 7. For this 2011 test, roots were stored for six months after
which they were baked at 190.degree. C. for approximately 2.0 h.
Sucrose content in baked `07-146` is higher in comparison to baked
`Beauregard`. Total sugar content was similar. Dry matter is
similar for `07-146` and `Beauregard` at 23% in freshly harvested
roots. These results demonstrate a similar level of moistness for
`07-146` and `Beauregard` and enhanced sweetness for `07-146`.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Selection Fructose.sup..dagger-dbl.
Glucose.sup..dagger-dbl. Sucrose.sup..- dagger-dbl.
Maltose.sup..dagger-dbl. Total sugars.sup..dagger..dagger-dbl.
`07-146` 1.64 3.05 6.01 3.90 14.60 `Beauregard` 1.14 1.71 4.20 6.71
13.77 .sup..dagger.Total sugars = fructose + glucose + maltose +
sucrose. .sup..dagger-dbl.mg g.sup.-1 fresh weight basis.
`07-146` should be a valuable commercial sweetpotato variety.
`07-146` produced plants (sprouts) comparable to `Beauregard`. Days
to harvest for `07-146` were similar to `Beauregard`. `07-146`
exhibited increased sucrose content in comparison to `Beauregard`.
`07-146` has exhibited superior yield in plantings in comparison to
`Beauregard`.
* * * * *