U.S. patent number PP14,903 [Application Number 10/306,452] was granted by the patent office on 2004-06-15 for raspberry plant named `driscoll cardinal`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Driscoll Strawberry Associates, Inc.. Invention is credited to Fred M. Cook, Carlos D. Fear, Richard E. Harrison, Gavin Sills.
United States Patent |
PP14,903 |
Fear , et al. |
June 15, 2004 |
Raspberry plant named `Driscoll Cardinal`
Abstract
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of
raspberry plant named Driscoll Cardinal. The new cultivar is
distinguished from other raspberry cultivars by its firm and very
consistent fruit with regard to its size and shape throughout its
harvest period. The new cultivar is distinguished from its seed
parent by having larger fruit and more vigorous canes; it is
distinguished from its pollen parent by producing a higher yield of
fruit and better flavored fruit.
Inventors: |
Fear; Carlos D. (Aptos, CA),
Harrison; Richard E. (Aptos, CA), Cook; Fred M. (Aptos,
CA), Sills; Gavin (Watsonville, CA) |
Assignee: |
Driscoll Strawberry Associates,
Inc. (Watsonville, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
32392472 |
Appl.
No.: |
10/306,452 |
Filed: |
November 27, 2002 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/204 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
6/7499 (20180501); A01H 5/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/204 |
Primary Examiner: Campell; Bruce R.
Assistant Examiner: McCormick; Susan B.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Pennie & Edmonds LLP
Claims
We claim:
1. A new and distinctive cultivar of raspberry plant, substantially
as shown and
Description
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: The
variety is botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L.
1. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The new cultivar of raspberry plant was developed from the
hybridization of the selection `M48.9` (an unpatented variety) as
the seed parent with the selection `Gloria` (U.S. Plant Pat. No.
11,067) as the pollen parent. The parents were crossed in 1994,
whereafter fruit and seed were collected to produce seedlings for
field planting in Carpenteria, Calif. in 1995. The new cultivar was
selected from these seedlings in 1995 for its excellent attractive
firm fruit. The new cultivar has been asexually propagated by in
vitro shoot tip culture, root sucker division and root cuttings at
the Cassin Ranch in Santa Cruz County, Calif. and has been shown to
maintain the desired and distinguishing characteristics after
propagation over several generations.
2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a new and distinct cultivar of red
raspberry plant named `Driscoll Cardinal`. The cultivar is
botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L. The `Driscoll Cardinal`
red raspberry plant produces a primocane crop which begins in
mid-July and continues until mid-October. The floricane crop begins
in mid-May and continues until mid-July. Both the primocane and
floricane yields are high relative to other comparable varieties.
The fruit of `Driscoll Cardinal` is notably quite firm and very
consistent with regard to its size and shape throughout its harvest
period. The fruit of `Driscoll Cardinal` separates easily from its
receptacle.
3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the
primocane fruit, leaves and shoot of the new cultivar, in color as
nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in color
illustrations of these characteristics.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of `Driscoll Cardinal` primocane flower
fruit in various stages of development.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of `Driscoll Cardinal` primocane leaves
showing upper and lower leaf surfaces.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of `Driscoll Cardinal` primocane shoot.
4. DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
The following detailed description of the new raspberry cultivar,
`Driscoll Cardinal`, is based upon observations taken of 7 to 17
month old plants and fruit grown in Watsonville, Calif. between
2001 and 2002, and is believed to apply to plants of the `Driscoll
Cardinal` cultivar grown in similar conditions of soil and climate
elsewhere.
Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small
letter signify that the name of the color, as used in common
speech, is aptly descriptive. Color data followed by an
alphanumeric code designates the color according to The R.H.S.
Colour Chart published by The Royal Horticultural Society of
London, England. Color designations, color descriptions, and other
phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and
descriptions depending upon variation in environmental, seasonal,
climatic and cultural conditions.
Table 1 provides information on the plant and fruit characteristics
of the new cultivar `Driscoll Cardinal` compared with
characteristics of the unpatented raspberry cultivar `Heritage`.
Observations of the cultivars were taken under similar
conditions.
The new variety is particularly characterized and distinguished
from other cultivars by its fruit firmness, consistent fruit
structure and high yield.
The fruit color of `Driscoll Cardinal` is a medium red at harvest
but darkens slightly after harvest to a deeper color. Fruit of
`Driscoll Cardinal` separates easily from the receptacle and is of
excellent firmness at harvest. The fruit of `Driscoll Cardinal` is
very consistent in size and shape throughout the harvest period.
The average plant height is about 200 cm and the average plant
spread is about 80 cm. The prickle pigmentation color is 187A. The
pedicel pigmentation color is 144A. The pigmentation color of the
young shoots is 144A in color and the average number of young
shoots per plant is 17.
The reproductive organs of `Driscoll Cardinal` are variable. The
pigmentation color of both surfaces of the petals is 155D and there
are five petals per flower. The style pigmentation color is 157D,
the average number of styles per flower is about 100, the anther
pigmentation color is 155D, and the average number of anthers per
flower is about 108. The color of the seeds of `Driscoll Cardinal`
is 161A, the average seed weight is about 1.2 mg, and there are an
average of about 94 seeds per fruit.
The primocane and floricane yields of `Driscoll Cardinal` are high
relative to the variety `Heritage`.
`Driscoll Cardinal` is distinguishable from its pollen parent,
selection `Gloria`, by producing a higher yield of fruit and better
flavored fruit. The new cultivar is distinguished from its seed
parent, selection `M48.9`, by having larger fruit and more vigorous
canes.
4.1 DISEASE AND STRESS RESISTANCE
Resistance is unknown to powdery mildew and root rots. Cold
tolerance of the new cultivar has not been established. Post
harvest fruit rot resistance is good in comparison over many
selections and varieties.
TABLE 1 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS OF `DRISCOLL CARDINAL` Driscoll
Cardinal Heritage General Plant size small-med Large Growth habit
erect erect Productivity High Medium Self-fruitfulness
Self-fruitful Self-fruitful Time of bud burst late late Primocane
fruiting Percent of cane length 30-40 20-40 flowering as primocane
Percent of total yield 51 53 Primocanes Number of young shoots many
medium Young shoot pigmentation medium medium Length (cm) 2.00 1.96
Time of shoot early very late emergence Glaucosity (waxy bloom)
weak weak Strength medium medium Cane cross section rounded rounded
from mid cane of primocane) Dormant cane color dark brown w/quite
brown to purple a lot of purple brown Prickles Pigmentation brown
to purple green- brownish to green Density on young shoots medium
dense Attitude of tip downward downward Size: Length (base to tip
at 1 2.3 1 m height at end of harvest) (mm) Texture smooth rigid
Presence and distribution on present, irregularly present petioles
irregularly distribtuted Pubescence on canes absent absent
Internodal distance (cm) (at 6.5 5.3 central 1/3 of cane) LEAVES
Color Face 147A 147A Underside 148C 148B Relief between veins weak
very weak Glossiness medium medium Petiole length (cm) 5.4 7.6
Stipule orientation erect erect Arrangement compound compound
Number of leaflets sometimes 3, sometimes 3, sometimes 5 sometimes
5 Overlapping of lateral leaflets touching free to touching Lateral
leaflet: length of stalket short very short (lower pair) Terminal
leaflet Length (cm) 10.7 14.6 Width (cm) 6.8 7.8 Shape ovate ovate
Tip acuminate acuminate Base round acute to rounded Margin doubly
serrate doubly serrate Lateral leaflets (basal pair) Length (cm)
9.4 14.7 Width 6.6 8.6 Orientation opposite opposite Shape ovate
ovate Tip acuminate acuminate Base round oblique Margin doubly
serrate doubly serrate Rachis length between 3.4 1.5 terminal
leaflet and adjacent lateral leaflets (cm) FLOWERS Flowering period
Primocane 15 weeks 19 weeks early June- late May- mid-September
late September Floricane 12 weeks, 10 weeks, late March- late
March- late June mid June Flower diameter (cm) 1.5 1.8 Petal Length
(cm) 0.9 0.8 Width (cm) 0.4 0.3 Pedicel coloration medium Present,
strong intensity FRUIT Harvest season Primocane mid-July-early Oct
Early July-early November Floricane mid-May-late July Late May-late
July Fruting lateral Length (4.sup.th lateral from 68.6 49.8 tip)
(cm) Number of fruit per lateral 19 20.3 Color Immature 44D 42C
Maturing 46A 46A Mature fruit 53A 59A Glossiness weak medium Shape
ovate ovate Dimensions Size medium small Length 20 17 Width 20 18
Length:width 1.0 0.94 Weight (g/fruit) Primocane 4.1 3.1 Floricane
3.8 2.3 Soluble solids (%) 10.3 10.8 Titratable acidity 1.60 1.58
(% as citric acid) Seed Weight (mg) 2.3 1.5 Number druplets/fruit
94 72 Adherence to plug medium medium Firmness med-firm to firm
Firm Yield high medium
4.2 NUCLEIC ACID FINGERPRINTING
Distinctive patterns of polymorphism can be detected using a
variety of nucleic acid analysis methods. In one non-limiting
example, molecular genetic maps can be produced using random
amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Williams et al., 1990, "DNA
polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic
markers", Nucleic Acids Res. 18(22):6531-5). Using a variety of
oligonucleotide primers, alone or in combination, RAPD analysis of
Driscoll Cardinal and Heritage yielded DNA fragment patterns that
uniquely distinguish each of these genetically distinct
genotypes.
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