U.S. patent number PP10,221 [Application Number 08/638,062] was granted by the patent office on 1998-02-03 for strawberry plant named `coronado`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Driscoll Strawberry Associates, Inc.. Invention is credited to Amado Q. Amorao, Thomas M. Sjulin.
United States Patent |
PP10,221 |
Sjulin , et al. |
February 3, 1998 |
Strawberry plant named `Coronado`
Abstract
This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of
strawberry plant named `Coronado`, botanically identified as
Fragaria.times.ananassa. The closest known variety is `Balboa`. The
new variety is partially everbearing. The new variety is
distinguished from `Balboa` by its globose plant habit, medium
plant density, flat to cupped terminal leaflet profile, outwardly
pointed petiole hairs, the inflorescence is held level to above the
leaves, and the calyx is larger than the corolla. The harvest yield
before April 1 of `Coronado` is about 4.4 times greater than for
`Balboa` for the same period. The main crop of `Coronado` is
approximately one week before that of `Balboa`. The PGI isozyme
banding pattern for `Coronado` is A2, while that for `Balboa` is
A1. The LAP banding pattern for both `Coronado` and `Balboa` is B3.
The PGM banding pattern for `Coronado` is C4, while that for
`Balboa` is C2. The reaction to disease is similar between
`Coronado` and `Balboa`, but `Coronado` is moderately susceptible
to Botrytis fruit rot, whereas `Balboa` is susceptible.
Inventors: |
Sjulin; Thomas M. (Aromas,
CA), Amorao; Amado Q. (Camarillo, CA) |
Assignee: |
Driscoll Strawberry Associates,
Inc. (Watsonville, CA)
|
Appl.
No.: |
08/638,062 |
Filed: |
April 25, 1996 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/209 |
Current International
Class: |
A01H 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;Plt/48,49 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
UPOVROM, Disk 96/03, Printout of Results 1 page..
|
Primary Examiner: Locker; Howard J.
Assistant Examiner: Bell; Kent L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Pennie & Edmonds LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct variety of strawberry plant, substantially as
shown and described.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The new variety of strawberry was discovered as a seedling in a
controlled breeding plot in a cultivated area on the Rosemond Ranch
in Oxnard, Ventura County, Calif., USA, in May, 1991. The seedling
of the new variety was grown and asexually propagated by stolons in
McArthur, Calif. Clones of the new variety were further asexually
propagated and extensively tested. This propagation and testing has
demonstrated that the combination of traits disclosed herein which
characterize the new variety are fixed and retained true to type
through successive generations of asexual reproduction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry
variety. The varietal denomination of the new variety is
`Coronado`. Among the characteristics which distinguish the new
variety from other varieties of which we are aware are a
combination of traits which include growth habit, leaf color,
position of inflorescence relative to foliage, insertion of
achenes, firmness of fruit flesh, evenness of color of fruit flesh,
fruit texture and fruit acidity.
COMPARISON TO CLOSEST VARIETY
The variety which we believe to be closest to `Coronado` from those
known to us is `Balboa` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,130). There are
several characteristics of the new variety that are different from,
or not possessed by `Balboa`. For example, the plant habit of
`Coronado` is globose, while `Balboa` is flat. The plant density of
`Coronado` is medium while that of `Balboa` is dense. Terminal
leaflet profile of `Coronado` is flat to cupped, while that of
`Balboa` is revolute. The petiole hairs of `Coronado` point
outward, while those of `Balboa` point upward. The inflorescence of
`Coronado` is held level to above the leaves while the
inflorescence of `Balboa` is held below to level with the leaves.
In `Coronado`, the calyx is larger than the corolla, while in
`Balboa` the calyx and corolla are approximately the same size.
In terms of harvest season, the yield before April 1 of `Coronado`
is about 4.4 times greater than for `Balboa` for the same period.
Furthermore, the main crop of `Coronado` is approximately one week
before that of `Balboa`.
Regarding isozyme analysis, the PGI banding pattern for `Coronado`
is A2, while that for `Balboa` is A1. The LAP banding pattern for
both `Coronado` and `Balboa` is B3. The PGM banding pattern for
`Coronado` is C4, while that for `Balboa` is C2. See J. Amer. Soc.
Hort. Sci. 106: 684 (1981). The reaction to disease is similar
between `Coronado` and `Balboa`, but `Coronado` is moderately
susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot, whereas `Balboa` is
susceptible.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the new
variety, including fruit, foliage and flower, in color as nearly
true as it is reasonably possible to make in color illustrations of
these characters.
FIG. 1 shows typical fruit in longitudinal sections, illustrating
the typical flesh and flesh coloration, conspicuous core and heart
shape of the new variety.
FIG. 2 shows the flower and reproductive organs of the new variety,
as well as the size and position of the petals and sepals and the
underside of the calyx.
FIG. 3 shows the upper surface of two typical folioles of the new
variety.
DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW VARIETY
The following detailed description of the new variety is based upon
observations taken of plants and fruit grown in experimental test
plots in Ventura County, Calif., U.S.A. in 1995. The strawberry
varieties `Coronado` and `Balboa` were evaluated in a side-by-side
comparison under similar conditions in a forcing system. In 1995,
`Coronado` was first harvested the week of February 18. The last
harvest occurred the week of June 10. These harvest dates are for
the Donlon Ranch in Oxnard, Ventura County, Calif. This description
is in accordance with UPOV terminology, and the color terminology
herein is in accordance with the Munsell Notation. Color
designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical
descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions
depending upon variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic and
cultural conditions.
Propagation
The new variety is principally propagated by way of stolons.
Although propagation by stolons is presently preferred, other known
methods of propagating strawberry plants may be employed. It has
been determined that the plants root well after transplanting.
Characteristics of the New Variety
The following information is provided to describe the new
variety.
Plant:
Habit.--Globose.
Density.--Medium.
Vigor.--Medium.
Foliage:
Leaf.--Color -- Upperside -- light to medium green, 7.4 GY 2.3/4.0.
Profile (angle of leaf where attached to petiole) -- slightly
concave. Blistering -- medium to strong. Number of leaflets -- more
than three (on up to 5 out of 10 leaves).
Terminal leaflet.--Profile -- flat to cupped. Length to width ratio
-- from as long as broad to longer than broad. Shape of base --
obtuse. Shape of teeth -- rounded.
Petiole.--Pubescence -- medium. Pose of hairs -- outward.
Stolons.--Number -- medium to many. Anthocyanin coloration -- weak
to medium. Thickness -- medium. Pubescence -- sparse to medium.
Inflorescence.--Level with to above foliage.
Flower:
Petal color.--White; White is not referenced on the "Munsel Color
Cascade".
Size.--Medium. `Coronado` has an average flower diameter of 28.8
mm, with a range from 20 to 37 mm.
Diameter of calyx relative to corolla.--Larger.
Diameter of inner calyx relative to outer (on secondary
flowers).--Smaller.
Spacing of petals (on secondary flowers with 5 or 6
petals).--Touching to overlapping.
Petal length to width ratio (on secondary flowers).--As long as
broad.
Fruiting truss.--Attitude at first picking -- semi-erect to
prostrate. Length -- long.
Fruit -- (secondary fruit on one year old plants): Strawberry
plants possess a branching inflorescence, or peduncle, having a
primary (first) flower which is the largest and secondary flowers
which are on the lateral branches. "Secondary fruit" are those that
develop from secondary flowers which develop from lateral buds on
the peduncle. One year old plants are those which are in their
first year in the fruiting field.
Ratio of length to maximum width.--Longer than broad.
Size.--Large.
Predominant shape.--Conical to wedged.
Difference in shapes between primary and secondary
fruits.--Moderate.
Band without achenes.--Absent or very narrow.
Unevenness of surface.--Weak to medium.
Skin color.--Red to dark red, 7.9R 2.9/9.5.
Evenness of color.--Even.
Glossiness.--Medium.
Insertion of achenes.--Below surface.
Insertion of calyx.--Level to set above fruit.
Pose of the calyx segments.--Reflexed.
Size of calyx in relation to fruit diameter.--Larger.
Adherence of calyx.--Weak to medium.
Firmness of flesh (when fully ripe).--Medium.
Color of flesh.--Light red and white -- 8.4R 2.9/9.4.
Evenness of color of flesh.--Uneven.
Sweetness.--Medium.
Texture when tasted.--Medium.
Acidity.--Medium.
Time of flowering (50% of plants at first flower): Very early to
early.
Harvest maturity (50% of plants with ripe fruit): Very early to
early.
Type of bearing: Partially everbearing. Partially everbearing
varieties will continue to re-flower and fruit under cool
conditions, such as those that occur in Coastal California. These
varieties stop flowering under warm conditions.
Disease Resistance and Susceptibility
The `Coronado` variety is susceptible to Xanthamonas fragariae,
Verticillium wilt, and the anthracnose disease caused by
Collectotrichum acutatum. `Coronado` is moderately resistant to
powdery mildew and aphid-borne virus diseases.
The `Coronado` strawberry fruit is moderately susceptible to decay
by Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus spp.
The `Coronado` plant is susceptible to injury by the two-spotted
spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), cyclamen mite (Phytonemus
pallidus), and lygus bug (Lygus hesperus).
* * * * *