U.S. patent number 8,057,892 [Application Number 12/821,169] was granted by the patent office on 2011-11-15 for wood adhesive and method of preparing thereof.
Invention is credited to Bo Yang, Guang Yang.
United States Patent |
8,057,892 |
Yang , et al. |
November 15, 2011 |
Wood adhesive and method of preparing thereof
Abstract
A wood adhesive having a) 100 weight parts of water; b) between
3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous material; c) between 0.01
and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator; d) between 0.01 and 15
weight parts of an aromatic compound; e) between 0.01 and 15 weight
parts of a curing agent; f) between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a
preservative; g) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a viscosity
modifier; h) between 0 and 10 weight parts of a filler; and i)
between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier. The wood adhesive can be
used for preparation of plywood, blockboard, oriented strand board
(OSB), flakeboard, fiberboard, veneer plywood, middle density
fiberboard, high density fiberboard, hardboard, flooring substrate,
LVL, and so on. A method for preparing the wood adhesive is also
provided.
Inventors: |
Yang; Guang (Shanghai,
CN), Yang; Bo (Shanghai, CN) |
Family
ID: |
40836568 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/821,169 |
Filed: |
June 23, 2010 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20100258033 A1 |
Oct 14, 2010 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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PCT/CN2008/073005 |
Nov 11, 2008 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jan 4, 2008 [CN] |
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2008 1 0032289 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/323; 530/378;
530/370 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C09J
189/00 (20130101); C09J 189/04 (20130101); C09J
189/00 (20130101); C08L 2666/26 (20130101); C08L
89/00 (20130101); C08L 2666/26 (20130101); Y10T
428/25 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
C07K
1/00 (20060101); C07K 17/00 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Ahmed; Sheeba
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Matthias Scholl P.C. Scholl;
Matthias
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of International Patent
Application No. PCT/CN2008/073005 with an international filing date
of Nov. 11, 2008, designating the United States, now pending, and
further claims priority benefits to Chinese Patent Application No.
200810032289.X filed Jan. 4, 2008. The contents of all of the
aforementioned applications, including any intervening amendments
thereto, are incorporated herein by reference.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A wood adhesive, comprising: a) 100 weight parts of water; b)
between 3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous material; c)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator; d)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic compound; e)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent; f) between 0.01
and 15 weight parts of a preservative; g) between 0 and 15 weight
parts of a viscosity modifier; h) between 0 and 10 weight parts of
a filler; i) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier; wherein said
aromatic compound is a tannin, a tannin extract, resorcine, maltol,
phenol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, resorcino, dimethyl
phthalate, thymol, dinaphthol, octylphenol, m-nitrophenol,
p-chlorophenol, catechol, dihydroxytoluene, xylene, or a mixture
thereof; and said curing agent is ammonium chloride, potassium
pyrosulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium
tetraborate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium bisulfate, ferric
sulfate, sodium silicate, triethylamine,
3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride,
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride, decanedihydrazide, chlorendic
anhydride, ammonium perchlorate, or a mixture thereof.
2. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material comprises more than 5 wt. % of protein, and said
proteinaceous material is defatted soy flour, defatted soybean
meal, soy protein isolate, defatted cottonseed meal, corn gluten
meal, zein, wheat protein, cassava protein, peanut protein, rice
protein, pea protein, lactalbumin, single cell protein, defatted
rapeseed meal, fishmeal, gelatin, bone glue, meat and bone meal,
defatted castor bean seed meal, skim milk powder, defatted whey
powder, defatted egg powder, defatted peanut meal, feather protein,
defatted meal mixture, yeast protein, an extract thereof, or a
mixture thereof.
3. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said acidity regulator is
an organic acid, an organic acid salt, an organic acid anhydride,
or a mixture thereof.
4. The wood adhesive of claim 3, wherein said acidity regulator is
1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid, dodecanoic acid, citric acid,
sodium citrate, malic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, salicylic
acid, fatty acid, quininic acid, butanedioic acid, itaconic acid,
cis-butenedioic acid, trans-butenedioic acid, chloroacetic acid,
mercaptoacetic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid,
.alpha.-ketoglutaric acid, EDTA, adipic acid, azelaic acid, pyruvic
acid, decanedioic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, a salt thereof,
an acid anhydride thereof, or a mixture thereof.
5. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said preservative is
sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, phytic acid, methylparaben,
ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, ethoxyguin,
dehydroacetic acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, propionic acid,
sodium propionate, calcium dipropionate, kathon CG, fumaric acid,
dimethyl fumarate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium diacetate,
dodecene dicyclohexylamine, benzotriazole, copper quinolate,
glycolic acid, sodium pentachlorophenolate, sodium nitrite, sodium
bisulfite, sodium sulfite, cresol, p-cumylphenol, potassium
benzoate, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, potassium permanganate,
propionic acid potassium salt, dequalinium chloride,
1,2-propanediol, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2-oxetanone, dichlofluanid,
dichlorophen, quintozine, dimethyl fumarate, salicylic acid, sodium
acetate, ethoxyquin, 2-phenoxyethanol, ethylene oxide, sodium
chlorite, folpet, sodium hypochlorite, formic acid, sodium
lauroylsarcosinate, phthalide, fuberidazole, sodium
mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, sodium perborate,
furazolidone, sodium percarbonate, pentanedial, sodium salicylate
sulfadimethoxine, glycin, sulfamethazine, glyoxal, sulfamerazine,
sulfamethoxazole, guaiacol, sulfameter, sulfamonomethoxine,
sulfisoxazole gantrisin, bromol, hexachlorophene,
2-(thiocyanatomethylthio)benzothiazole, trichlorophenol, hydrogen
peroxide, DBDCB, thiabendazole, ambam, trisodium
4-carboxy-5-mercapto-3-hydroxy-isothiazole, anilazine,
thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, tribromsalan, mancozeb, triclosan,
maneb, mebenil, metham-sodium, quinaldine, zinc
ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, captafol, zinc bis
dimethyldithiocarbamate, captan, milneb, carbendazim, carboxin,
NABAM, chloramphenicol, chlorotetracycline, cetrimonium
pentachlorophenoxide, dihydrostreptomycin, lisozima,
oxytetracycline, colistin sulfate, tetracycline, thiamphenicol,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, pentachlorophenol,
chlorothalonil, pentachlorophenol copper, clotrimazole,
isothiazolinones, dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one,
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one hydrochloride, nisin, or a mixture
thereof.
6. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said viscosity modifier is
konjac glucomannan, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl
starch, propyleneglycol alginate, gelatin, cyclohexapentylose,
pectin, carrageenan, agar, gellan gum, arabic gum, tian-jing gum,
carfopol resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, maltodextrin,
chitosan, hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, dimethyl sulfoxide,
glycerol esters of wood rosin, glycerol esters of partially
hydrogenated wood rosin, rosin modified maleic glyceride,
hydrogenated rosin, polymerized rosin, disproportionated rosin,
maleated rosin, rosin emulsion, petroleum resin emulsion,
ployethylene wax, polyethylene glycol, polybutadiene, isocyanate,
polyacrylamide, poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(1-butene),
polyisobutylene, cellulose acetate butyrate, carboxymethyl
cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, guar gum or a mixture
thereof.
7. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said filler is diatomite,
kaolin, bentonite, talcum powder, glass wool, rock wool, glass
flour, sand, sawdust, silica fume, microsilica, silica micropowder,
light calcium carbonate, activated clay, cellulose, titanium
pigment, wood fiber, or a mixture thereof.
8. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said drier is diethylene
glycol, glycerin, acetone, methanol, ethanol, industrial alcohol,
methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, isobutanol, benzoic
sulfimide, or a mixture thereof.
9. A method for preparing a wood adhesive of claim 1, comprising
adding with stirring between 3 and 45 weight parts of a
proteinaceous material, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an
acidity regulator, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic
compound, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent,
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a preservative, between 0 and
15 weight parts of a viscosity modifier, between 0 and 10 weight
parts of a filler, and between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier to
water.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein said method comprises a) adding
between 0 and 15 weight parts of said viscosity regulator to water,
heating to between 10 and 100.degree. C., and stirring so that said
acidity regulator is completely dissolved, swollen, or dispersed;
b) cooling to not more than 70.degree. C.; and c) adding with
stirring between 3 and 45 weight parts of said proteinaceous
material, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of said acidity
regulator, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of said aromatic
compound, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of said curing agent,
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of said preservative, between 0
and 10 weight parts of said filler, and between 0 and 15 weight
parts of said drier.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising homogenizing a
resultant wood adhesive by a colloid mill and/or a homogenizer into
an aqueous solution, and spray drying said aqueous solution to
yield a powder.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein a granularity of said
proteinaceous material is between 30 and 200 mesh.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein a stir speed is between 10 and
200 rpm.
14. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said acidity regulator is
butane tetracarboxylic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, glutaric
acid, lactic acid, quinic acid, malonic acid, itaconic acid, lauric
acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, sodium citrate, pyruvic acid,
malic acid, or a mixture thereof.
15. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said preservative is
potassium sorbate, ethylparaben, propionic acid, benzoic acid,
sodium benzoate, salicylic acid, dichlofluanid, salicylanilide,
folpet, ethoxy quinoline, fumaric acid, sulfisoxazole gantrisin,
glycidol, or a mixture thereof.
16. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said viscosity modifier
is xanthan gum, guar gum, carfopol resin, sesbania gum, polyvinyl
alcohol, pectin, dimethyl sulphoxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
petroleum resin emulsion, polyethylene wax, chitosan, hydrogenated
rosin, glycerol ester of wood rosin, dextrin, or a mixture
thereof.
17. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is defatted cottonseed meal, soy protein isolate, glutin,
defatted peanut meal, defatted soybean meal, bone glue, defatted
soy meal, defatted castor meal, skim milk powder, rice protein,
cell protein, defatted egg powder, meat and bone meal, defatted
whey powder, or a mixture thereof.
18. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is defatted cottonseed meal powder; said acidity regulator
is butane tetracarboxylic acid; said aromatic compound is
resorcine; said curing agent is ammonium chloride; said
preservative is potassium sorbate; said filler is diatomite; and
said dryer is acetone.
19. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is defatted cottonseed meal powder; said acidity regulator
is butane tetracarboxylic acid; said aromatic compound is
resorcine; said curing agent is ammonium chloride; said
preservative is potassium sorbate; said viscosity modifier is
xanthan gum; said filler is diatomite; and said dryer is
acetone.
20. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is soy protein isolate; said acidity regulator is citric
acid; said aromatic compound is maltol; said curing agent is
potassium pyrosulfate; and said preservative is ethylparaben.
21. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is glutin; said acidity regulator is tartaric acid; said
aromatic compound is a tannin extract; said curing agent is sodium
sulfite; said preservative is propionic acid; said viscosity
modifier is guar gum; said filler is kaolin; and said dryer is
glycerin.
22. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is defatted peanut meal; said acidity regulator is
glutaric acid; said aromatic compound is phenol; said curing agent
is sodium dihydrogen phosphate; said preservative is benzoic acid;
and said dryer is ethyl acetate.
23. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of defatted soybean meal and bone glue; said
acidity regulator is lactic acid; said aromatic compound is sodium
dodecyl benzene sulfonate; said curing agent is sodium tetraborate;
said preservative is sodium benzoate; said viscosity modifier is a
mixture of carfopol resin and sesbania gum; and said filler is a
mixture of talcum powder and rock wool.
24. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of defatted soy meal flour and soy protein
isolate; said acidity regulator is citric acid; said aromatic
compound is tannin; said curing agent is a mixture of sodium
hypophosphite and sodium tetraborate; said preservative is
salicylic acid; and said viscosity modifier is polyvinyl
alcohol.
25. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is defatted castor meal; said acidity regulator is a
mixture of quinic acid and malonic acid; said aromatic compound is
a mixture of tannin and maltol; said curing agent is a mixture of
sodium bisulfate and ferric sulfate; said viscosity modifier is a
mixture of xanthan gum and pectin; said filler is glass flour; and
said dryer is diethylene glycol.
26. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of defatted castor meal and skim milk; said
acidity regulator is a mixture of itaconic acid and quinic acid;
said aromatic compound is a mixture of resorcino and dimethyl
phthalate; said curing agent is a mixture of sodium bisulfate and
sodium silicate; said viscosity modifier is a mixture of dimethyl
sulphoxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone; said filler is glass flour;
and said dryer is ethyl acetate.
27. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is rice protein; said acidity regulator is lauric acid;
said aromatic compound is a mixture of thymol and dinaphthol; said
curing agent is triethylamine; said preservative is dichlofluanid;
said viscosity modifier is dimethyl sulfoxide; said filler is
activated clay; and said dryer is glycerin.
28. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of cell protein and defatted egg powder; said
acidity regulator is a mixture of tartaric and malonic acid; said
aromatic compound is octylphenol; said curing agent is a mixture of
triethylenetetramine and 3,3',4,4'-benzo-phenonetetracarboxylic
dianhydride; said preservative is a mixture of salicylanilide and
folpet; said viscosity modifier is petroleum resin emulsion; said
filler is a mixture of cellulose and kaolin; and said dryer is
methyl acetate.
29. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is meat and bone meal; said acidity regulator is a mixture
of glutaric acid and sodium citrate; said aromatic compound is
m-nitrophenol; said curing agent is a mixture of
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride and decanedihydrazide; said
preservative is ethoxy quinoline; said viscosity modifier is a
mixture of polyethylene wax and chitosan; said filler is titanium
dioxide; and said dryer is methanol.
30. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of defatted whey power and corn protein
powder; said acidity regulator is pyruvic acid; said aromatic
compound is a mixture of p-chlorophenol and catechol; said curing
agent is chlorendic anhydride; said preservative is a mixture of
fumaric acid and sulfisoxazole gantrisin; said viscosity modifier
is a mixture of hydrogenated rosin and glycerol ester of wood
rosin; said filler is talcum powder; and said dryer is a mixture of
diethylene glycol and ethanol.
31. The wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein said proteinaceous
material is a mixture of bone glue and skim milk powder; said
acidity regulator is a mixture of malic acid and azelaic acid; said
aromatic compound is a mixture of dihydroxytoluene and xylene; said
curing agent is ammonium perchlorate; said preservative is
glycidol; said viscosity modifier is dextrin; said filler is
silicon powder; and said dryer is acetone.
32. A wood adhesive, comprising: a) 100 weight parts of water; b)
between 3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous material; c)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator; d)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic compound; e)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent; f) between 0.01
and 15 weight parts of a preservative; g) between 0 and 15 weight
parts of a viscosity modifier; h) between 0 and 10 weight parts of
a filler; i) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier; wherein said
proteinaceous material comprises more than 5 wt. % of protein, and
said proteinaceous material is defatted cottonseed meal, soy
protein isolate, glutin, defatted peanut meal, defatted soybean
meal, bone glue, defatted soy meal, defatted castor meal, skim milk
powder, rice protein, cell protein, defatted egg powder, meat and
bone meal, defatted whey powder, corn protein powder, or a mixture
thereof; said aromatic compound is tannin, a tannin extract,
resorcine, maltol, phenol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate,
resorcino, dimethyl phthalate, thymol, dinaphthol, octylphenol,
m-nitrophenol, p-chlorophenol, catechol, dihydroxytoluene, xylene,
or a mixture thereof; and said curing agent is ammonium chloride,
potassium pyrosulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium dihydrogen phosphate,
sodium tetraborate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium bisulfate, ferric
sulfate, sodium silicate, triethylamine,
3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride,
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride, decanedihydrazide, chlorendic
anhydride, ammonium perchlorate, or a mixture thereof.
33. A wood adhesive, comprising: a) 100 weight parts of water; b)
between 3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous material; c)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator; d)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic compound; e)
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent; f) between 0.01
and 15 weight parts of a preservative; g) between 0 and 15 weight
parts of a viscosity modifier; h) between 0 and 10 weight parts of
a filler; i) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier; wherein said
proteinaceous material comprises more than 5 wt. % of protein, and
said proteinaceous material is defatted cottonseed meal, soy
protein isolate, glutin, defatted peanut meal, defatted soybean
meal, bone glue, defatted soy meal, defatted castor meal, skim milk
powder, rice protein, cell protein, defatted egg powder, meat and
bone meal, defatted whey powder, corn protein powder, or a mixture
thereof; said acidity regulator is butane tetracarboxylic acid,
citric acid, tartaric acid, glutaric acid, lactic acid, quinic
acid, malonic acid, itaconic acid, lauric acid, malonic acid,
glutaric acid, sodium citrate, pyruvic acid, malic acid, azelaic
acid, or a mixture thereof; said aromatic compound is tannin, a
tannin extract, resorcine, maltol, phenol, sodium dodecyl benzene
sulfonate, resorcino, dimethyl phthalate, thymol, dinaphthol,
octylphenol, m-nitrophenol, p-chlorophenol, catechol,
dihydroxytoluene, xylene, or a mixture thereof; and said curing
agent is ammonium chloride, potassium pyrosulfate, sodium sulfite,
sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, sodium
hypophosphite, sodium bisulfate, ferric sulfate, sodium silicate,
triethylamine, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride,
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride, decanedihydrazide, chlorendic
anhydride, ammonium perchlorate, or a mixture thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a wood adhesive and a method of preparing
thereof.
2. Description of the Related Art
There are many types of wood adhesives currently known, among which
urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and
melamine formaldehyde resin adhesive are dominant. However, upon
production and application of plywood including these wood
adhesives, formaldehyde, which is poisonous, will be released. The
release period of formaldehyde is up to between 3 and 15 years.
For a newly-decorated house, formaldehyde cannot be evaporated
completely within between 1 and 2 years, which results in a
long-term high content of formaldehyde indoors and does harm to
human health. Properties of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive result
in the inevitable release of free formaldehyde upon production of
plywood. To reduce the content of formaldehyde in adhesives simply
means weakening the bonding strength. Thus, in order to make the
release of formaldehyde meet the E2, E1 or even E0 standard, many
plywood producers passively deal with formaldehyde by masking,
absorption, or blocking. Once the condition is mature, there is
still a large amount of formaldehyde released. Although there are
some formaldehyde-free wood adhesives, their hot water resistance
is poor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the above-described problems, it is one objective of the
invention to provide a wood adhesive that has good water
resistance, particularly hot water resistance.
It is another objective of the invention to provide a method for
preparing a wood adhesive that has good water resistance,
particularly hot water resistance.
To achieve the above objectives, in accordance with one embodiment
of the invention, there is provided a wood adhesive comprising
a) 100 weight parts of water;
b) between 3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous material;
c) between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator;
d) between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic compound;
e) between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent;
f) between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of a preservative;
g) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a viscosity modifier;
h) between 0 and 10 weight parts of a filler; and
i) between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier.
In a class of this embodiment, the proteinaceous material has more
than 5 wt. % of protein, including but not limited to defatted soy
flour, defatted soybean meal, soy protein isolate, defatted
cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, zein, wheat protein, cassava
protein, peanut protein, rice protein, pea protein, lactalbumin,
single cell protein, defatted rapeseed meal, fishmeal, gelatin,
bone glue, meat and bone meal, defatted castor bean seed meal, skim
milk powder, defatted whey powder, defatted egg powder, defatted
peanut meal, feather protein, defatted meal mixture, yeast protein,
an extract thereof, and a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the acidity regulator is an organic
acid, an organic acid salt, an organic acid anhydride, or a mixture
thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the acidity regulator is
1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid, dodecanoic acid, citric acid,
sodium citrate, malic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, salicylic
acid, fatty acid, quininic acid, butanedioic acid, itaconic acid,
cis-butenedioic acid, trans-butenedioic acid, chloroacetic acid,
mercaptoacetic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid,
.alpha.-ketoglutaric acid, EDTA, adipic acid, azelaic acid, pyruvic
acid, decanedioic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, a salt thereof,
an acid anhydride thereof, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the aromatic compound is a tannic
substance or has not more than five benzene rings.
In a class of this embodiment, the tannic substance is tannin or a
tannin extract.
In a class of this embodiment, the aromatic compound comprising not
more than three benzene rings is aromatic hydrocarbon, tea
polyphenol, industrial phenol, trimethylphenol, diamino diphenyl
sulfone, trimethylhydroquinone, 2-chloro-hydroquinone,
p-tert-butyl-o-aminophenol, 3-chlorophenol, 4-tert-octylphenol,
2,4-diamino-phenol, 2-amino-4-nitrophenol, maltol, ethyl maltol,
2-(tert-butyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, thymol, thiophenol,
2-bromothiophenol, thiosalicylic acid, alkyl phenol,
2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol,
dihydroxytoluene, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone,
(4-isopropyl)thiophenol, 3-fluoro-4-hydroxybenzonitrile,
2-fluorophenol, 4-fluorophenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol,
3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, sodium 5-nitroguaiacolate,
3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid, phenol, aniline, phthalic anhydride,
benzenesulfonic acid, sodium benzenesulfonate, benzenesulfinic
acid, sodium benzenesulfinate, styrene, xylene, 2,4-xylenesulfonic
acid, ammonium xylenesulfonate, sodium xylenesulfonate, benzoic
acid, sodium benzoate, toluene, pigment red 3, pigment red 13,
pigment yellow 12, benzidine, nitrobenzene, dodecylbenzenesulphonic
acid, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, 3-nitro-o-xylene,
dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate,
resorcine, m-phenylenediamine, metanilic acid, isophthalic acid,
monosodium 5-sulfoisophthalate, sodium dimethyl m-phthalate
5-sulphonate, pyrocatechol, 1,2-dichlorobenzene,
2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 2-chlorobenzoic acid, sodium of
o-chlorobenzoate, 2-chlorobenzoic acid, dimethyl phthalate, dibutyl
phthalate, hydroquinone, p-xylene, 1,4-phthalaldehyde, terephthalic
acid, para-phthalic sodium, dioctyl terephthalate, 4-chlorophenol,
tosyl chloride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sodium p-toluenesulfonate,
p-toluidine, 1,4-benzoquinone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium
4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxy phenyl pyrimidine, dicumyl
peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, o-cresolsulfonic acid, bisphenol A,
o-cresol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, cresol,
1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, dinaphthol, pure m-cresol,
2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol,
4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol,
2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,4,6-tribromophenol,
2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol,
2-methyl-5-nitrophenol, 2-(1-methylpropyl)phenol,
4-tert-Butylcatechol, tert-butyl phenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol,
4,4'-biphenol, 4-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol, 2-nitrophenol,
4-bromophenol, 2-bromophenol, phenol ether carboxylate, m.p-cresol,
phloroglucinol, 3-aminophenol, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the curing agent is aluminium
potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, ethylenediamine,
diethylenetriaminepenta(methylene-phosphonic acid),
triethylenetetramine, 1,4,7,10,13-pentaazatridecane,
polyethylene-polyamines, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine,
3-diethylaminopropylamine, triethylamine, 1,6-hexanediamine,
triethanolamine, 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol,
1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene, decanedihydrazide, trimethyl
hexamethylene diamine, imidazole, 2-methylimidazole,
2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-ethyl imidazole, bicyclic amidine,
hexamethylenetetramine, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride,
3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, cyclopentane
tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic anhydride,
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride, polyazelaic polyanhydride,
polysebacic acid anhydride, himic anhydride, phthalic anhydride,
2-phenylimidazole, phthalic anhydride,
cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic
anhydride, sulfamic acid, maleic anhydride, polymaleic acid,
tetrahydromethyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione, methylhexahydrophthalic
anhydride, methyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride,
dodecenylsuccinic anhydride, chlorendic anhydride,
1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride, benzophenonecarboxylic
dianhydride, ethylene glycol trimellitic anhydride, methyl
cyclohexene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, sulfuric acid,
hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, cobalt
chloride, manganese chloride, ammonium sulfate, cuprous chloride,
strontium chloride, aluminium chloride, cuprous chloride, zirconium
oxychloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, ammonium
perchlorate, antimony trichloride, diphosphoryl chloride,
phosphomolybdic acid, silicotungstic acid, heteropoly acid,
ammonium silicotungstate, sodium silicotungstate, zirconium
dioxide, titanium sulfate, magnesium chloride, molecular sieves,
ceric sulfate, aluminium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate, aluminium
sulfate, aluminium potassium sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate,
copper sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate, nickel sulfate, potassium
sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium persulfate, sodium bisulfate,
sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate,
sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulfite, aluminum nitrate, ferric
nitrate, cupric nitrate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, sodium
dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogenorthophosphate, potassium
dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, diammonium
hydrogenphosphate, aluminium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate,
sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium
hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, tetrasodium pyrophosphate,
copper pyrophosphate, boric acid, sodium tetraborate, sodium
thiocyanate, ammonium bromide, cupric bromide, cuprous bromide,
hexamethylenetetramine, solid superacid, sodium fluotitanate,
sodium fluorosilicate, sodium silicate, triiron tetraoxide,
aluminium hydroxide, sodium tungstate, tungstic acid, calcium
tungstate, potassium tungstate, phosphotungstic acid, sodium
phosphotungstate, ammonium paratungstate, ammonium paratungstate,
tungsten trioxide, sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, ammonium
dimolybdate, ammonium tetramolybdate, ammonium heptamolybdate,
ammonium octamolybdate, barium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide,
molybdic acid, oxalyl chloride, phenylhydrazine hydrochloride,
phenylhydrazine, thiourea dioxide, decabromodiphenyl oxide, tin
tetrachloride, stannous chloride, tri((trimethylsilyl)methylene)tin
chloride, cerous chloride, aluminium bromide, zinc methylsulfonate,
anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin, n-butylpyridium
chloride, 1-methylimidazole, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate, calcium gluconate, calcium naphthenate,
pyrrolidone, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate,
ammonium ferrous sulfate, ammonium persulfate, ferric sulfate,
potassium persulfate, sodium pyrosulfate, potassium pyrosulfate,
potassium metabisulfite, magnesium nitrate, calcium lactate,
calcium oxalate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium tartrate,
calcium hydrogenphosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium nitrate,
ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogenphosphate,
tri-ammonium orthophosphate, triammonium phosphate, calcium
bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium
silicate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, ammonium
dichromate, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the preservative is sorbic acid,
potassium sorbate, phytic acid, methylparaben, ethylparaben,
propylparaben, butylparaben, ethoxyguin, dehydroacetic acid,
benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, propionic acid, sodium propionate,
calcium dipropionate, kathon CG, fumaric acid, dimethyl fumarate,
trichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium diacetate, dodecene
dicyclohexylamine, benzotriazole, copper quinolate, glycolic acid,
sodium pentachlorophenolate, sodium nitrite, sodium bisulfite,
sodium sulfite, cresol, p-cumylphenol, potassium benzoate,
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, potassium permanganate, propionic
acid potassium salt, dequalinium chloride, 1,2-propanediol,
1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2-oxetanone, dichlofluanid, dichlorophen,
quintozine, dimethyl fumarate, salicylic acid, sodium acetate,
ethoxyquin, 2-phenoxyethanol, ethylene oxide, sodium chlorite,
folpet, sodium hypochlorite, formic acid, sodium
lauroylsarcosinate, fthalide, fuberidazole, sodium
mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, sodium perborate,
furazolidone, sodium percarbonate, pentanedial, sodium salicylate
sulfadimethoxine, glycin, sulfamethazine, glyoxal, sulfamerazine,
sulfamethoxazole, guaiacol, sulfameter, sulfamonomethoxine,
sulfisoxazole gantrisin, bromol, hexachlorophene,
2-(thiocyanatomethylthio)benzothiazole, trichlorophenol, hydrogen
peroxide, DBDCB, thiabendazole, ambam, trisodium
4-carboxy-5-mercapto-3-hydroxy-isothiazole, anilazine,
thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, tribromsalan, mancozeb, triclosan,
maneb, mebenil, metham-sodium, quinaldine, dithane Z-78, captafol,
zinc his dimethyldithiocarbamate, captan, milneb, carbendazim,
carboxin, NABAM, chloramphenicol, chlorotetracycline, cetrimonium
pentachlorophenoxide, dihydrostreptomycin, lisozima,
oxytetracycline, colistin sulfate, tetracycline, thiamphenicol,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, pentachlorophenol,
chlorothalonil, pentachlorophenol copper, clotrimazole,
isothiazolinones, dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CIT),
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one hydrochloride (MIT), nisin, or a
mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the viscosity modifier is konjac
glucomannan, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl starch,
propyleneglycol alginate, gelatin, cyclohexapentylose, pectin,
carrageenan, agar, gellan gum, arabic gum, tian-jing gum, carfopol
resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, maltodextrin, chitosan,
hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerol
esters of wood rosin, glycerol esters of partially hydrogenated
wood rosin, rosin modified maleic glyceride, hydrogenated rosin,
polymerized rosin, disproportionated rosin, maleated rosin, rosin
emulsion, petroleum resin emulsion, polyethylene wax, polyethylene
glycol, polybutadiene, isocyanate, polyacrylamide, poly(vinyl
alcohol), poly(1-butene), polyisobutylene, cellulose acetate
butyrate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium,
guar gum, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the filler is diatomite, kaolin,
bentonite, talcum powder, glass wool, rock wool, glass flour, sand,
sawdust, silica fume, microsilica, silica micropowder, light
calcium carbonate, activated clay, cellulose, titanium pigment,
wood fiber, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the drier is diethylene glycol,
glycerin, acetone, methanol, ethanol, industrial alcohol, methyl
acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, isobutanol, benzoic sulfimide,
or a mixture thereof.
In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, there is
provided a method for preparing a wood adhesive comprising adding
with stirring between 3 and 45 weight parts of a proteinaceous
material, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an acidity regulator,
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of an aromatic compound, between
0.01 and 15 weight parts of a curing agent, between 0.01 and 15
weight parts of a preservative, between 0 and 15 weight parts of a
viscosity modifier, between 0 and 10 weight parts of a filler, and
between 0 and 15 weight parts of a drier to water.
In a class of this embodiment, the method comprises a) adding
between 0 and 15 weight parts of the viscosity regulator to water,
heating to between 50 and 100.degree. C., and stirring so that the
acidity regulator is completely dissolved, swollen, or dispersed;
b) cooling to not more than 70.degree. C.; and c) adding with
stirring between 3 and 45 weight parts of the proteinaceous
material, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the acidity
regulator, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the aromatic
compound, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the curing agent,
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the preservative, between 0 and
10 weight parts of the filler, and between 0 and 15 weight parts of
the drier.
In a class of this embodiment, the method comprises a) adding
between 0 and 15 weight parts of the viscosity regulator to water,
heating to between 10 and 100.degree. C., and stirring so that the
acidity regulator is completely dissolved, swollen, or dispersed;
b) cooling to not more than 70.degree. C.; and c) adding with
stirring between 3 and 45 weight parts of the proteinaceous
material, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the acidity
regulator, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the aromatic
compound, between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the curing agent,
between 0.01 and 15 weight parts of the preservative, between 0 and
10 weight parts of the filler, and between 0 and 15 weight parts of
the drier.
In a class of this embodiment, the method further comprises
homogenizing a resultant wood adhesive by a colloid mill and/or a
homogenizer into an aqueous solution, and spray drying the aqueous
solution to yield a powder.
In a class of this embodiment, the proteinaceous material has more
than 5 wt. % of protein, including but not limited to defatted soy
flour, defatted soybean meal, soy protein isolate, defatted
cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, zein, wheat protein, cassava
protein, peanut protein, rice protein, pea protein, lactalbumin,
single cell protein, defatted rapeseed meal, fishmeal, gelatin,
bone glue, meat and bone meal, defatted castor bean seed meal, skim
milk powder, defatted whey powder, defatted egg powder, defatted
peanut meal, feather protein, defatted meal mixture, yeast protein,
an extract thereof, and/or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the proteinaceous material comprises
one or more of the following: defatted soy flour, defatted soybean
meal, soy protein isolate, defatted cottonseed meal, corn gluten
meal, zein, wheat protein, cassava protein, peanut protein, rice
protein, pea protein, lactalbumin, single cell protein, defatted
rapeseed meal, fishmeal, gelatin, bone glue, meat and bone meal,
defatted castor bean seed meal, skim milk powder, defatted whey
powder, defatted egg powder, defatted peanut meal, feather protein,
defatted meal mixture, yeast protein, an extract thereof, and/or a
mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the acidity regulator is an organic
acid, an organic acid salt, an organic acid anhydride, or a mixture
thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the acidity regulator is
1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid, dodecanoic acid, citric acid,
sodium citrate, malic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, salicylic
acid, fatty acid, quininic acid, butanedioic acid, itaconic acid,
cis-butenedioic acid, trans-butenedioic acid, chloroacetic acid,
mercaptoacetic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid,
.alpha.-ketoglutaric acid, EDTA, adipic acid, azelaic acid, pyruvic
acid, decanedioic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, a salt thereof,
an acid anhydride thereof, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the aromatic compound is a tannic
substance or has not more than three benzene rings.
In a class of this embodiment, the tannic substance is tannin or a
tannin extract.
In a class of this embodiment, the aromatic compound comprising not
more than three benzene rings is aromatic hydrocarbon, tea
polyphenol, industrial phenol, trimethylphenol, diamino diphenyl
sulfone, trimethylhydroquinone, 2-chloro-hydroquinone,
p-tert-butyl-o-aminophenol, 3-chlorophenol, 4-tert-octylphenol,
2,4-diamino-phenol, 2-amino-4-nitrophenol, maltol, ethyl maltol,
2-(tert-butyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, thymol, thiophenol,
2-bromothiophenol, thiosalicylic acid, alkyl phenol,
2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol,
dihydroxytoluene, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone,
(4-isopropyl)thiophenol, 3-fluoro-4-hydroxybenzonitrile,
2-fluorophenol, 4-fluorophenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol,
3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, sodium 5-nitroguaiacolate,
3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid, phenol, aniline, phthalic anhydride,
benzenesulfonic acid, sodium benzenesulfonate, benzenesulfinic
acid, sodium benzenesulfinate, styrene, xylene, 2,4-xylenesulfonic
acid, ammonium xylenesulfonate, sodium xylenesulfonate, benzoic
acid, sodium benzoate, toluene, pigment red 3, pigment red 13,
pigment yellow 12, benzidine, nitrobenzene, dodecylbenzenesulphonic
acid, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, 3-nitro-o-xylene,
dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate,
resorcine, m-phenylenediamine, metanilic acid, isophthalic acid,
monosodium 5-sulfoisophthalate, sodium dimethyl m-phthalate
5-sulphonate, pyrocatechol, 1,2-dichlorobenzene,
2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 2-chlorobenzoic acid, sodium of
o-chlorobenzoate, 2-chlorobenzoic acid, dimethyl phthalate, dibutyl
phthalate, hydroquinone, p-xylene, 1,4-phthalaldehyde, terephthalic
acid, para-phthalic sodium, dioctyl terephthalate, 4-chlorophenol,
tosyl chloride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sodium p-toluenesulfonate,
p-toluidine, 1,4-benzoquinone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium
4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxy phenyl pyrimidine, dicumyl
peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, o-cresolsulfonic acid, bisphenol A,
o-cresol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, cresol,
1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, dinaphthol, pure m-cresol,
2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol,
4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol,
2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,4,6-tribromophenol,
2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol,
2-methyl-5-nitrophenol, 2-(1-methylpropyl)phenol,
4-tert-Butylcatechol, tert-butyl phenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol,
4,4'-biphenol, 4-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol, 2-nitrophenol,
4-bromophenol, 2-bromophenol, phenol ether carboxylate, m.p-cresol,
phloroglucinol, 3-aminophenol, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the curing agent is aluminium
potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, ethylenediamine,
diethylenetriaminepenta(methylene-phosphonic acid),
triethylenetetramine, 1,4,7,10,13-pentaazamidecane,
polyethylene-polyamines, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine,
3-diethylaminopropylamine, triethylamine, 1,6-hexanediamine,
triethanolamine, 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol,
1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene, decanedihydrazide, trimethyl
hexamethylene diamine, imidazole, 2-methylimidazole,
2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-ethyl imidazole, bicyclic amidine,
hexamethylenetetramine, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride,
3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, cyclopentane
tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic anhydride,
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride, polyazelaic polyanhydride,
polysebacic acid anhydride, himic anhydride, phthalic anhydride,
2-phenylimidazole, phthalic anhydride,
cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic
anhydride, sulfamic acid, maleic anhydride, polymaleic acid,
tetrahydromethyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione, methylhexahydrophthalic
anhydride, methyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride,
dodecenylsuccinic anhydride, chlorendic anhydride,
1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride, benzophenonecarboxylic
dianhydride, ethylene glycol trimellitic anhydride, methyl
cyclohexene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, sulfuric acid,
hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, cobalt
chloride, manganese chloride, ammonium sulfate, cuprous chloride,
strontium chloride, aluminium chloride, cuprous chloride, zirconium
oxychloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, ammonium
perchlorate, antimony trichloride, diphosphoryl chloride,
phosphomolybdic acid, silicotungstic acid, heteropoly acid,
ammonium silicotungstate, sodium silicotungstate, zirconium
dioxide, titanium sulfate, magnesium chloride, molecular sieves,
ceric sulfate, aluminium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate, aluminium
sulfate, aluminium potassium sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate,
copper sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate, nickel sulfate, potassium
sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium persulfate, sodium bisulfate,
sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate,
sodium dithionite, sodium metabisulfite, aluminum nitrate, ferric
nitrate, cupric nitrate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, sodium
dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogenorthophosphate, potassium
dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, diammonium
hydrogenphosphate, aluminium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate,
sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium
hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, tetrasodium pyrophosphate,
copper pyrophosphate, boric acid, sodium tetraborate, sodium
thiocyanate, ammonium bromide, cupric bromide, cuprous bromide,
hexamethylenetetramine, solid superacid, sodium fluotitanate,
sodium fluorosilicate, sodium silicate, triiron tetraoxide,
aluminium hydroxide, sodium tungstate, tungstic acid, calcium
tungstate, potassium tungstate, phosphotungstic acid, sodium
phosphotungstate, ammonium paratungstate, ammonium paratungstate,
tungsten trioxide, sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, ammonium
dimolybdate, ammonium tetramolybdate, ammonium heptamolybdate,
ammonium octamolybdate, barium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide,
molybdic acid, oxalyl chloride, phenylhydrazine hydrochloride,
phenylhydrazine, thiourea dioxide, decabromodiphenyl oxide, tin
tetrachloride, stannous chloride, tri((trimethylsilyl)methylene)tin
chloride, cerous chloride, aluminium bromide, zinc methylsulfonate,
anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin, n-butylpyridium
chloride, 1-methylimidazole, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate, calcium gluconate, calcium naphthenate,
pyrrolidone, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate,
ammonium ferrous sulfate, ammonium persulfate, ferric sulfate,
potassium persulfate, sodium pyrosulfate, potassium pyrosulfate,
potassium metabisulfite, magnesium nitrate, calcium lactate,
calcium oxalate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium tartrate,
calcium hydrogenphosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium nitrate,
ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogenphosphate,
tri-ammonium orthophosphate, triammonium phosphate, calcium
bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium
silicate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, ammonium
dichromate, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the preservative is sorbic acid,
potassium sorbate, phytic acid, methylparaben, ethylparaben,
propylparaben, butylparaben, ethoxyguin, dehydroacetic acid,
benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, propionic acid, sodium propionate,
calcium dipropionate, kathon CG, fumaric acid, dimethyl fumarate,
trichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium diacetate, dodecene
dicyclohexylamine, benzotriazole, copper quinolate, glycolic acid,
sodium pentachlorophenolate, sodium nitrite, sodium bisulfite,
sodium sulfite, cresol, p-cumylphenol, potassium benzoate,
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, potassium permanganate, propionic
acid potassium salt, dequalinium chloride, 1,2-propanediol,
1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2-oxetanone, dichlofluanid, dichlorophen,
quintozine, dimethyl fumarate, salicylic acid, sodium acetate,
ethoxyquin, 2-phenoxyethanol, ethylene oxide, sodium chlorite,
folpet, sodium hypochlorite, formic acid, sodium
lauroylsarcosinate, fthalide, fuberidazole, sodium
mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, sodium perborate,
furazolidone, sodium percarbonate, pentanedial, sodium salicylate
sulfadimethoxine, glycin, sulfamethazine, glyoxal, sulfamerazine,
sulfamethoxazole, guaiacol, sulfameter, sulfamonomethoxine,
sulfisoxazole gantrisin, bromol, hexachlorophene,
2-(thiocyanatomethylthio)benzothiazole, trichlorophenol, hydrogen
peroxide, DBDCB, thiabendazole, ambam, trisodium
4-carboxy-5-mercapto-3-hydroxy-isothiazole, anilazine,
thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, tribromsalan, mancozeb, triclosan,
maneb, mebenil, metham-sodium, quinaldine, dithane Z-78, captafol,
zinc his dimethyldithiocarbamate, captan, milneb, carbendazim,
carboxin, NABAM, chloramphenicol, chlorotetracycline, cetrimonium
pentachlorophenoxide, dihydrostreptomycin, lisozima,
oxytetracycline, colistin sulfate, tetracycline, thiamphenicol,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, pentachlorophenol,
chlorothalonil, pentachlorophenol copper, clotrimazole,
isothiazolinones, dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin,
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CIT),
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one hydrochloride (MIT), nisin, or a
mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the viscosity modifier is konjac
glucomannan, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl starch,
propyleneglycol alginate, gelatin, cyclohexapentylose, pectin,
carrageenan, agar, gellan gum, arabic gum, tian-jing gum, carfopol
resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, maltodextrin, chitosan,
hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerol
esters of wood rosin, glycerol esters of partially hydrogenated
wood rosin, rosin modified maleic glyceride, hydrogenated rosin,
polymerized rosin, disproportionated rosin, maleated rosin, rosin
emulsion, petroleum resin emulsion, polyethylene wax, polyethylene
glycol, polybutadiene, isocyanate, polyacrylamide, poly(vinyl
alcohol), poly(1-butene), polyisobutylene, cellulose acetate
butyrate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium,
guar gum, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the filler is diatomite, kaolin,
bentonite, talcum powder, glass wool, rock wool, glass flour, sand,
sawdust, silica fume, microsilica, silica micropowder, light
calcium carbonate, activated clay, cellulose, titanium pigment,
wood fiber, or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, the drier is diethylene glycol,
glycerin, acetone, methanol, ethanol, industrial alcohol, methyl
acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, isobutanol, benzoic sulfimide,
or a mixture thereof.
In a class of this embodiment, a granularity of the proteinaceous
material is between 30 and 200 mesh.
In a class of this embodiment, the stir speed is between 10 and 200
rpm.
In a class of this embodiment, the drier can accelerate the drying
rate of an adhesive coating. The mechanism lies in that the drier
has low boiling point and when mixed with water to yield a mixture
having low azeotropic point. Water in the mixture, even at low
temperature, can be volatilized or evaporated. Thus, water in the
adhesive is decreased and the drying rate accelerated.
In a class of this embodiment, the curling agent can accelerate the
curing of adhesives, reduce the curing temperature, and improve the
properties of hot water resistance.
Advantages of the invention are summarized below: 1) no or almost
no formaldehyde is released upon production and application of
plywood comprising the wood adhesive, so human health is
unaffected; 2) plywood comprising the wood adhesive has high water
resistance and even can reach the standard of grade I and grade II;
3) the wood adhesive can be saved at room temperature and the shelf
life thereof can last for one year without cold storage, while the
shelf life of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive is just 6 months
even with cold storage; 4) the wood adhesive can be used for
preparation of almost all man-made panels including but not limited
to plywood, blockboard, oriented strand board (OSB), flakeboard,
fiberboard, veneer plywood, middle density fibreboard, high density
fibreboard, hardboard, flooring substrate, LVL; and 5) the curing
temperature of the wood adhesive is 110.degree. C. or more, which
is beneficial to use.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
For further illustrating the invention, experiments detailing a
wood adhesive and a method of preparing thereof are described
below. It should be noted that the following examples are intended
to describe and not to limit the invention.
Example 1
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
then 24 g of defatted cottonseed meal powder which had been ground
to more than 80 mesh was further added with stirring at between 50
and 200 rpm for about between 20 and 60 min to yield a homogenate.
To the homogenate, 8 g of butane tetracarboxylic acid was added and
stirred for between about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 2 g of
resorcine added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 5 g of
ammonium chloride added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 0.13
g of potassium sorbate added and stirred for between 10 and 20 min,
5 g of diatomite added and stirred uniformly, and 5 g of acetone
added and stirred for 10 and 20 min. Finally, a wood adhesive was
obtained.
Example 2
The process was basically the same as that in Example 1 except
that: after 100 g water was added to the vessel, 0.3 g of xanthan
gum was added with stirring; the mixture was heated to 100.degree.
C. and stirred for between 20 and 120 min for dissolution, and then
was cooled to not more than 70.degree. C. Subsequently, the
materials of Example 1 were added respectively. The resultant
solution was homogenized by a colloid mill and a homogenizer to
yield a wood adhesive. The addition of xanthan gum could increase
the viscosity of the wood adhesive.
Example 3
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
then 14 g of soy protein isolate which had been ground to more than
80 mesh was further added with stirring at between 50 and 200 rpm
for about between 20 and 60 min to yield a homogenate. To the
homogenate, 8 g of citric acid was added and stirred for between
about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 12 g of ethylparaben added and
stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 8 g of potassium pyrosulfate
added with stirring, and 8 g of maltol added and stirred. The
resultant solution was homogenized by a colloid mill and a
homogenizer and dried by spraying to yield a wood adhesive.
Example 4
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer and having 100 g of water, 4 g
of guar gum was added with stirring at between 50 and 200 rpm,
heated, and 15 g of glutin which had been ground to more than 60
mesh further added to yield a homogenate. The homogenate was cooled
to not more than 70.degree. C., and 3 g of tartaric acid was added
and stirred for between about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 15 g of
a tannin extract added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 0.05
g of sodium sulfite added and stirred for between 10 and 20 min, 2
g of propionic acid added and stirred for between 10 and 20 min, 10
g of kaolin added and stirred, and 3 g of glycerin added and
stirred for 10 and 20 min. Finally, a wood adhesive was
obtained.
Example 5
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
then 30 g of defatted peanut meal powder which had been ground to
more than 40 mesh was further added with stirring at between 50 and
200 rpm for about between 20 and 60 min to yield a homogenate. To
the homogenate, 15 g of glutaric acid was added and stirred for
between about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 10 g of sodium
dihydrogen phosphate added and stirred for between 5 and 20 min, 10
g of phenol added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 0.5 g of
benzoic acid added and stirred for between 10 and 20 min, and 0.1 g
of ethyl acetate added and stirred for 10 and 20 min. The resultant
solution was homogenized by a colloid mill and a homogenizer to
yield a wood adhesive.
Example 6
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
heated to more than 50.degree. C., and then 7 g of carfopol resin
and 8 g of sesbania gum were further added with stirring at between
50 and 200 rpm for dissolution. The mixture was cooled to room
temperature, and 24 g of a mixture consisting of defatted soybean
meal and bone glue which had been ground to more than 40 mesh was
added with stirring for about 20 and 60 min to yield a homogenate.
To the homogenate, 10 g of lactic acid was added and stirred for
between about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 10 g of sodium dodecyl
benzene sulfonate added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 3 g
of sodium benzoate added and stirred for between 10 and 20 min, and
2 g of talcum powder and 4 g of rock wool powder added and stirred.
The resultant solution was homogenized by a colloid mill and a
homogenizer and dried by spraying to yield a wood adhesive.
Example 7
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer and having 100 g of water, 8 g
of polyvinyl alcohol was added, heated, and stirred. The solution
was cooled and then 5 g of defatted soy meal flour which had been
ground to more than 80 mesh was added with stirring for about
between 20 and 60 min to yield a homogenate. To the homogenate, 14
g of soy protein isolate was added and stirred for between about 10
and 40 min for dissolution, 4 g of tannin added and stirred for
between 10 and 30 min, 5 g of citric acid added and stirred for
between 5 and 20 min, 5 g of sodium hypophosphite added and stirred
for between 10 and 60 min, 5 g of salicylic acid added and stirred
for 10 and 30 min, and 0.3 g of sodium tetraborate added and
stirred for between 10 and 60 min. Finally, a wood adhesive was
obtained.
Example 8
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
then 34 g of a mixture consisting of defatted castor meal and skim
milk powder which had been ground to more than 150 mesh was further
added with stirring at between 50 and 200 rpm for about between 20
and 60 min to yield a homogenate. To the homogenate, 3 g of quinic
acid and 5 g of malonic acid were added and stirred for between
about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 4 g of tannin and 5 g of maltol
added and stirred for between 10 and 30 min, 0.3 g of sodium
bisulfate and 0.5 g of ferric sulfate added and stirred for between
10 and 20 min, 5 g of a mixture consisting of xanthan gum and
pectin added and stirred for between 10 and 60 min, 1 g of glass
dust added and stirred, and 11 g of diethylene glycol for 10 and 20
min. The resultant solution was homogenized by a colloid mill and a
homogenizer to yield a wood adhesive.
Example 9
To a vessel equipped with a stirrer, 100 g of water was added and
then 15 g of a mixture consisting of defatted castor meal and skim
milk powder which had been ground to more than 40 mesh was further
added with stirring at between 50 and 200 rpm for about between 20
and 60 min to yield a homogenate. To the homogenate, 4 g of
itaconic acid and 4 g of quinic acid were added and stirred for
between about 5 and 20 min for dissolution, 5 g of resorcino and 3
g of dimethyl phthalate added and stirred for between 10 and 30
min, 0.3 g of sodium bisulfate and 4 g of sodium silicate added and
stirred for between 10 and 20 min, 3 g of dimethyl sulphoxide and 5
g of polyvinylpyrrolidone added and stirred for between 10 and 60
min, 1 g of glass dust added and stirred, cooled to room
temperature, and 10 g of ethyl acetate added. The resultant
solution was homogenized to yield a wood adhesive.
Compared with the wood adhesive obtained in Example 8, the
resultant wood adhesive could be adjustable in viscosity (between
0.001 and 1.600 Pas) and met the requirement of pre-pressing
strength of plywood, meanwhile the curing temperature thereof was
between 110 and 220.degree. C., which benefited its use.
Examples 10-14
The process was the same as the above-mentioned examples and the
materials and the usage amount thereof are listed in Tables
1-2.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Usage amount of materials in Examples 10-14
Proteinaceous Acidity Aromatic Curing Water material regulator
compound agent Preservative Viscosity Filler Dri- er Example (g)
(g) (g) (g) (g) (g) modifier (g) (g) (g) 10 100 8 0.01 15 10 7 0.1
9 0.1 11 100 12 1 0.1 1.5 15 0 0.8 3 12 100 25 12 6 5 11 1 7 0 13
100 33 5 2.5 2 2 14 8 14 14 100 45 3 10 0.1 0.5 8 0 9
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Material list in Examples 10-14 Example 10
Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Water Water Water Water
Water Water Proteinaceous Rice protein 25 wt. % of single Animal
meat and bone 50 wt. % of defatted 30 wt. % of bone material cell
protein and 75 meal whey powder and 50 wt. % glue and 70 wt. % wt.
% of defatted egg of corn protein powder of skimmed milk powder
powder Acidity Lauric acid 40 wt. % of tartaric 50 wt. % of
glutaric Pyruvic acid 50 wt. % of malic regulator acid and 60 wt. %
of acid and 50 wt. % of acid and 50 wt. % malonic acid sodium
citrate of azelaic acid Aromatic 35 wt. % of thymol and Octylphenol
m-Nitrophenol 50 wt. % of p-chloro- 20 wt. % of dihydroxy- compound
65 wt. % of dinaphthol phenol and 50 wt. % toluene and 80 wt. % of
catechol of xylene Curing agent Triethylamin 50 wt. % of 30 wt. %
of Chlorendic anhydride Ammonium perchlorate triethylenetetramine
2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic and 50 wt. % of anhydride and 70 wt. %
3,3',4,4'-benzo- of decanedihydrazide phenonetetra- carboxylic
dianhydride Preservative Dichlofluanid 30 wt. % of Ethoxy quinoline
50 wt. % of fumaric Glycidol salicylanilide and 70 acid and 50 wt/%
of wt. % of folpet sulfisoxazole gantrisin Viscosity Dimethyl
sulfoxide Petroleum resin 50 wt. % of 30 wt. % of hydrogenated
Dextrin modifier emulsion polyethylene wax and rosin and 70 wt. %
of 50 wt. % of chitosan glycerol ester of wood rosin Filler
Activated clay 50 wt. % of cellulose Titanium dioxide Talcum powder
Silicon powder and 50 wt. % of kaolin Drier Glycerin Methyl acetate
Methanol 10 wt. % of diethylene glycol Acetone and 90 wt. % of
ethanol
While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and
described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that
changes and modifications may be made without departing from the
invention in its broader aspects, and therefore, the aim in the
appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as
fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *