U.S. patent number 7,329,745 [Application Number 10/864,818] was granted by the patent office on 2008-02-12 for single-chain antibodies against human insulin-like growth factor i receptor: expression, purification, and effect on tumor growth.
This patent grant is currently assigned to City of Hope. Invention is credited to Yoko Fujita-Yamaguchi.
United States Patent |
7,329,745 |
Fujita-Yamaguchi |
February 12, 2008 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Single-chain antibodies against human insulin-like growth factor I
receptor: expression, purification, and effect on tumor growth
Abstract
A method of inhibiting the growth of hormone dependent tumor
cells in a mammal comprises administering to said mammal an
insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) recombinant antibody,
wherein said antibody can be a single-chain recombinant antibody,
which can be humanized, capable of blocking agonist interaction
with the IGF-IR.
Inventors: |
Fujita-Yamaguchi; Yoko (Duarte,
CA) |
Assignee: |
City of Hope (Duarte,
CA)
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Family
ID: |
34222249 |
Appl.
No.: |
10/864,818 |
Filed: |
June 10, 2004 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20050048050 A1 |
Mar 3, 2005 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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10134519 |
Apr 30, 2002 |
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09609776 |
Jul 3, 2000 |
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60211187 |
Jun 13, 2000 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
536/23.5;
530/387.3; 530/388.22 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K
39/39541 (20130101); C07K 16/2863 (20130101); A61K
39/39541 (20130101); A61K 2039/505 (20130101); C07K
2317/24 (20130101); C07K 2317/622 (20130101); C07K
2317/73 (20130101); C07K 2319/00 (20130101); A61K
2300/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C07H
21/04 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;536/23.5
;530/387.3,388.22 |
Other References
Furlanetto et al., "Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor
Inhibition on Human Melanomas in Culture and In Athymic Mice,"
Cancer Research, 53, 2522-2526, Jun. 1, 1993. cited by other .
Arteaga et al., "Growth Inhibition of Human Breast Cancer Cells in
Vitro With an Antibody Against the Type I Somatomedin Receptor,"
Cancer Research, 49, 6237-6241, Nov. 15, 1989. cited by other .
Li et al., "Two New Monoclonal Antibodies Against the .alpha.
Subunit of the Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Receptor,"
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 196, No.
1, Oct. 15, 1993, pp. 92-98. cited by other .
Brunner et al., "Effect of Endocrine Therapy on Growth of T61 Human
Breast Cancer Xenografts is Directly Correlated to a Specific
Down-regulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (IGF-II)," Eur J
Cancer, vol. 29A, No. 4, pp. 562-569, 1999. cited by other .
Gura, T., Systems for identifying drugs are often faulty, Science,
vol. 278, 1997, pp. 1041-1042. cited by other .
Jain, R.K., Barriers, to drug delivery in solid tumors, Scientific
American, vol. 271, 1994, pp. 58-65. cited by other .
Curti, B.D., Physical barriers to drug delivery in tumors, Critical
Reviews in Hematology/Oncology, vol. 14, 1993, 29-39. cited by
other .
Bergers, G., et al., Extrinsic regulators of epithelial tumor
progression: metalloproteinases, Current Opinion in Genetics &
Development, vol. 10, 2000, pp. 120-127. cited by other .
Szollosi, J., et al., ERBB-2 (HER2/neu) gene copy No., p185-HER-2
overexpression, an intratumor heterogeneity in human breast cancer,
Cancer Research, vol. 55, No. 22, 1994, pp. 5400-5407. cited by
other .
Strobel, T., et al., Beta 1-integrins partly mediate binding of
ovarian cancer cells to peritoneal mesothelium in vitro,
Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 73, No. 3, 1999, pp. 362-367. cited by
other .
Ezeh, P.I. et al., Differential activation of ErbB receptors in the
rat olfactory mucosa by transforming growth factor-alpha and
epidermal growth factor in vivo, Journal of Neurology, vol. 37, No.
2, 1998, pp. 199-210. cited by other .
Lewis, G.D., et al., Differential responses to human tumor cell
lines to anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibodies, Cander Immunology
Immunotherapy, vol. 37, No. 4, 1993, pp. 255-263. cited by other
.
Stancovski, I., et al., Mechanistic aspects of the opposing effects
of monoclonal antibodies of the ERBB2 receptor in tumor growth,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, vol. 88, 1991,
pp. 8691-8695. cited by other.
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Primary Examiner: Rawlings; Stephen L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Rothwell, Figg, Ernst &
Manbeck
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser.
No. 10/134,519, filed Apr. 30, 2002, now abandoned which is a
continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/609,776, filed Jul. 3,
2000, now abandoned which claims priority from provisional
application No. 60/211,187, filed Jun. 13, 2000. Each of these
applications are incorporated by reference into this application in
its entirety.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A purified nucleic acid encoding a single chain recombinant
antibody comprising a V.sub.L domain comprising complementarity
determining regions having the amino acid sequences set forth in
SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8 and a V.sub.H domain
comprising complementarity determining regions having the amino
acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO:
11, wherein said antibody binds insulin-like growth factor I
receptor.
2. The nucleic acid of claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid has the
nucleic acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is in the field of methods for treatment of
hormone dependent cancers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
All references cited herein are incorporated by reference into this
application in their entirety.
Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factors stimulate the growth of
human breast cancer cells in vitro. The Insulin-like Growth Factors
I (IGF-I) and II (IGF-II) interact with cell surface receptors
eliciting their cellular response. The IGF-I receptor (IGF-R) is
the cell surface receptor for IGF-I having high binding affinity
for this growth factor. However, IGF-R is also thought to have a
high binding affinity for IGF-II. Interaction of either of these
two growth factors to the IGF-R elicits intracellular responses
through protein tyrosine phosphorylations, which can be blocked
through the inhibition of the interaction of either IGF-I or IGF-II
to the receptor.
These intracellular responses of IGF-IR signaling are implicated in
the inducement of cell growth, proliferation and anti-apoptosis. It
has been shown that the IGF-IR can not only induce normal cell
growth but also induces tumor cell growth in both breast cancer and
prostate cancer. In addition, the anti-apoptotic activity of IGF-IR
protects cancerous tumor cells from chemotherapeutic treatments in
breast cancers.
Therefore, a need exists for a method of inhibiting IGF-IR in order
to inhibit tumor cell growth and increase sensitivity to
chemotherapeutic agents. The activity of the IGF-IR can be
inhibited by various methods. One of these methods comprises
inhibiting the activation of the IGF-IR by preventing binding of
agonist such as IGF-I or IGF-II. This can be achieved by blocking
the IGF-IR binding site with antagonists.
Antibodies can be effective antagonists in inhibiting the
interaction of the IGF-IR with IGF-I or IGF-II. .alpha.IR-3
(Arteaga, C. L. and Osborne, C. K.; Cancer Research 49, 6237-6241,
1989) is an antibody with high affinity for the IGF-IR and has been
found to inhibit the interaction of IGF-I with the IGF-IR. In in
vitro experimentation this murine antibody has been found to
inhibit the growth of various tumor cells from breast cancer cell
lines. In various tumor cells (MCF-7, MDA-231, ZR75-1, and HS578T)
this .alpha.IR-3 could inhibit the IGF-I mediated DNA synthesis in
vitro. However, in estrogen dependent tumor cells, such as MCF-7,
ZR75-1 and T47D, the inhibition with .alpha.IR-3 of the IGF-IR in
vivo failed to block estrogen stimulated DNA synthesis or
proliferation. In contrast, in T61 tumor cells the .alpha.IR-3
antibody could inhibit tumor cell growth in vivo when used in
combination with down-regulation of IGF-II synthesis by
simultaneous treatment with estradiol and tamoxifen. It appears
that .alpha.IR-3 is a better antagonist for IGF-I blockage compared
to its ability to inhibit interaction of IGF-II with IGF-IR.
Another murine antibody against the .alpha.-subunit of IGF-IR, 1H7
(Li S. et al; Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,
196, 92-98, 1993), has shown good results in inhibiting the
activation of IGF-IR. In in vitro experimentation with NIH3T3 cells
over-expressing human IGF-IR the 1H7 antibody inhibits basal, IGF-I
or IGF-II stimulated DNA synthesis. A second antibody raised
against the IGF-IR .alpha.-subunit, 2C8, however, is unable to
block IGF-IR activation by either IGF-I or IGF-II while having
binding affinities for the receptor.
While these two murine antibodies, .alpha.IR-3 and 1H7, have shown
results in inactivation of the IGF-IR in vitro, their ability to
inhibit estrogen dependent tumor cell growth in vivo is limited.
Furthermore, the monoclonal murine antibodies have their obvious
disadvantages in their use for human treatment or other mammals. In
addition, their relative complexity limits the ability to
manipulate the antibodies to optimize their use in the treatment of
mammalian hormone dependent cancers. Accordingly, improvements are
sought.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, a method of inhibiting
the growth of hormone dependent tumor cells in a mammal comprises
administering to said mammal an anti insulin-like growth factor I
receptor (IGF-IR) recombinant antibody. In a preferred embodiment,
the method comprises administering a single chain antibody (scFv).
In a further preferred embodiment the method comprises
administering a chimeric single chain antibody in which a constant
domain has been linked to the single chain antibody.
There also is provided a novel IGF-IR antagonist comprising a
recombinant antibody which blocks agonist interaction with the
IGF-IR. The antibody comprises antigen binding portions that have
the specificity of the antigen binding sites of the murine 1H7
antibody. The recombinant antibody can be a single chain or double
chain antibody. In one embodiment of the invention, the antibody is
in the form of a novel chimeric single-chain antibody against
IGF-IR.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the antibody is in the
form of the single chain recombinant antibody of SEQ ID NO:1.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1. This figure is a schematic representation of soluble forms
of anti (human insulin-like growth factor I receptor) single-chain
antibodies (.alpha.IGF-IR scFvs). A is a single-chain antibody
(.alpha.IGF-IR scFv). B is a chimeric .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc
[C-terminal tag: SEQ ID NO: 22].
FIG. 2. This figure illustrates the effects of .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc and mAb on .sup.125I-IGF-II (A) and .sup.125I-IGF-I (B)
binding to purified human IGF-1 receptor. The binding activity is
calculated as the percentage IGF-binding in the absence of
antibodies, and expressed as average .+-.SD of four independent
experiments for A or seven independent experiments for B, except
that two control experiments with 2C8 mAb were performed for B.
Antibodies used are .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc (), 1H7 (.box-solid.),
and control 2C8 (.tangle-solidup.).
FIG. 3. This figure illustrates the effects of .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc and 1H7 on cell growth. NIH3T3 cells over-expressing IGF-IR
were cultured in the absence (.box-solid.), or presence of 10 nM
(.tangle-solidup.), 100 nM () or 1000 nM (.diamond-solid.) 1H7 (A)
or .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc (B).
FIG. 4. This figure illustrates the effects of MCF-7 tumor cell
growth in nude mice in the absence (.box-solid.) or presence
(.tangle-solidup.) of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc.
FIG. 5. This figure illustrates the effects of .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc on MCF-7 tumor cell growth in vivo in the presence or
absence of the anti-neoplastic agent Doxorubicin. On day 0 MCF-7
cells were implanted in the mouse followed by a treatment of PBS
(control)(.box-solid.), .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc (.tangle-solidup.),
Doxorubicin () or .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc+Doxorubicin
(.diamond-solid.) beginning at day 4.
FIG. 6. This figure illustrates the effects of .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc on T61 tumor cell growth in vivo in the presence or absence
of the estrogen antagonist Tamoxifen (TAM). On day 36 following
implantation of T61 tumor cells the mice were treated with PBS
(control) (.circle-solid.), .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc (.DELTA.),
tamoxifen (.box-solid.) or .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc+tamoxifen (*).
FIG. 7. This figure shows the amino acid sequence of SP-3b1, a
soluble single chain recombinant antibody, the amino acid sequence
of which is comparable to the amino acid sequence of 1H7, (SEQ ID
No:1), including the CDRs in both the VL and VH domains of the
single chain recombinant antibody (SEQ ID NOs: 6-11,
respectively).
FIG. 8. This figure shows the nucleic acid sequence of SP-3b1, a
soluble single chain recombinant antibody, the amino acid sequence
of which is comparable to the amino acid sequence of 1H7, (SEQ ID
NO:2), including the regions coding for the CDRs of both the
V.sub.L and V.sub.m domains.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method of inhibiting hormone
dependent tumor growth by blocking the activation of the
Insulin-like Growth Factor I receptor (IGF-IR). This blockage can
be accomplished by exposing hormone dependent tumor cells to an
antagonist of IGF-IR. Inhibition of IGF-IR can lead to a decrease
in cell growth and can also render the hormone dependent tumor
cells more susceptible to therapeutic agents. Alternatively, the
antagonist interaction with IGF-IR, inhibiting the activation of
the receptor, can lead to apoptosis of the hormone dependent tumor
cells.
Therefore, the invention provides a method of treatment of mammals
suffering from hormone dependent tumor cell growth by administering
to the mammal an anti-IGF-IR recombinant antibody. Preferably the
invention provides for a treatment of mammals suffering from
estrogen dependent cancer, such as breast cancer. In addition, the
treatment comprises administering to said mammal an anti-IGF-IR
recombinant antibody in combination with one or more therapeutic
agents, such as tamoxifen, which are effective in reducing the
growth of hormone-dependent tumors.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the anti-IGF-IR antibody
is a recombinant antibody wherein the antigen binding portions of
the antibody are comparable to the antigen binding portions of
murine antibody 1H7. Comparable antigen binding portions are ones
in which the amino acid sequences have the binding specificity of
the amino acid sequence of the antigen binding portions of the
murine antibody 1H7. The CDRs within the binding portion have at
least 90% identity to the corresponding CDR of 1H7, preferably 95%
identity and most preferably full identity. Particularly preferred
is a single chain recombinant antibody, such as the .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv or .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc antibody comprising antigen binding
portions comparable to the antigen binding portions of murine
antibody 1H7, or even more preferred is the single chain
recombinant antibody of SEQ ID NO:1. The single chain antibodies
are advantageous because of the relative ease in their expression,
purification and manipulation. The expression of such antibodies in
expression systems makes them more susceptible to large scale
production and purification. In addition, manipulation of such
single chain antibodies may consist of altering such antibodies to
covalently attach other therapeutic agents. Such agents can, for
example, include toxins, enzymes, or radionucleotides. The
recombinant single chain antibody conjugated with such agents can
block IGF-IR induced tumor cell growth and target such agents to
said tumor cells which have been made more susceptible to apoptosis
by the inhibition of IGF-IR.
The single chain antibody comprises at least an Fv domain capable
of blocking IGF-IR interaction with IGF-I or IGF-II. The IGF-IR
scFv comprises both the antigen binding region of a light chain
variable domain, V.sub.L, and the antigen binding region of a heavy
chain variable domain, V.sub.H, coupled by a short linker peptide.
In a preferred embodiment, the V.sub.L domain and the V.sub.H
domain are derived from the 1H7 antibody against the
.alpha.-subunit of IGF-IR. The IGF-IR scFv can be tagged with a
short peptide such as the FLAG epitope to facilitate purification
of the soluble IGF-IR scFv from the medium of the expression
system. The DNA coding for the V.sub.L and V.sub.H domains are
obtainable by sequencing said domains from a parental antibody, in
a preferred embodiment said parental antibody being 1H7. A
recombinant DNA then can be constructed comprising, in order,
coding sequences for the N-terminal signal peptide, the antigen
binding region of the V.sub.L domain, a linker peptide, the antigen
binding region of the V.sub.H domain and a C-terminal tag peptide
for purification and identification. Said genetically engineered
antibody can be expressed in myeloma or bacterial cell expression
systems. The monovalent recombinant single chain antibody IGF-IR
scFv can be purified from the medium of said expression system by
conventional protein purification methods, such as, for example,
affinity chromatography.
The linker peptide is chosen based upon known structural and
conformational information of peptide segments and is selected so
that it will not interfere with the tertiary structure of the
single chain antibody and its uses. Typically, a linker of between
about 6 and 50 amino acids is preferred for ease and economics of
preparation.
One such single chain recombinant antibody comprising antigen
binding portions comparable to the antigen binding portions of
murine antibody 1H7 is the peptide with the binding specificity of
the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 shows the
nucleic acid sequence encoding this single chain recombinant
antibody. The single chain recombinant antibody of SEQ ID NO:1
comprises a V.sub.L domain (SEQ ID NO:3) and a V.sub.H domain (SEQ
ID NO:4) which are linked by the linker peptide
TABLE-US-00001 GGGGSGGGSGGGGSGGGS. (SEQ ID NO: 5)
Each of these domains (V.sub.L and V.sub.H) contain three
complimentarity determining regions (CDRs) responsible for antigen
recognition. The three CDRs of the V.sub.L domain KASQDVNTA (SEQ ID
NO:6), WASTRMMT (SEQ ID NO:7), and HQHYTTPYT (SEQ ID NO:8), are
designated CDR1.sub.L, CDR2.sub.L and CDR3.sub.L respectively. The
three CDRs of the V.sub.H domain, IYAMS (SEQ ID NO:9),
SISNGGTTYYPDSVKG (SEQ ID NO:10), and TFYYSFPRAMDY (SEQ ID NO:11)
are designated CDR1.sub.H, CDR2.sub.H, and CDR3.sub.H
respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention the soluble IGF-IR scFv is a
chimeric antibody which further comprises an Fc domain. In this
embodiment, the recombinant DNA will comprise the coding sequence
of IGF-IR scFv minus the C-terminal tag peptide, coupled to a
coding sequence for an Fc domain. Desirably, the Fc domain
comprises the C.sub.H2 and C.sub.H3 regions of an antibody heavy
chain constant domain. The recombinant DNA can be expressed in a
myeloma or bacterial expression system in accordance with
conventional techniques and said single-chain antibody IGF-IR
scFv-Fc can be purified using conventional protein purification
methods. The IGF-IR scFv-Fc exists preferably in its divalent form.
The IGF-IR scFv-Fc can comprise a humanized form of the IGF-IR
scFv, such as, for example, by using a coding sequence of a human
Fc domain when constructing the recombinant DNA. Said single chain
antibodies (IGF-IR scFv or IGF-IR scFv-Fc) subsequently can be
modified, if desired, and attached to other therapeutic agents.
To treat mammals suffering from hormone dependent cancer,
preferably from estrogen dependent breast cancer, the recombinant
single-chain antibodies (IGF-IR scFv or IGF-IR scFv-Fc) can be
administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable composition as the
sole therapeutic or in combination with one or more other
therapeutic agents, such as tamoxifen, which are effective in
reducing hormone-dependent tumor cell growth. The tamoxifen or
other therapeutic agent can be administered in accordance with
conventional therapeutic methods, such as parenteral or
subcutaneous administration. Administration of said recombinant
single chain antibodies can be used as a method of inhibiting tumor
cell growth in vivo or to induce susceptibility of said tumor cells
to therapeutic agents.
In light of the preceding description, one skilled in the art can
use the present invention to its fullest extent. The following
examples, therefore, are to be construed as illustrative only and
not limiting in relation to the remainder of the disclosure.
EXAMPLE 1
Cloning of 1H7 Variable Domains by RT-PCR.
Heavy and light chains of mouse monoclonal antibody 1H7 (Li, S. et
al; Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 196,
92-98, 1993) were separated by sodium dodecyl
sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE; 12.5%
polyacrylamide gel), under reducing conditions, blotted onto a
polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, and subjected to N-terminal
amino acid sequence determination by Edman degradation. Degenerate
oligonucleotides, used as upstream primers, were synthesized on the
N-terminal sequences of the heavy and light chains of 1H7 while the
constant region oligonucleotides for the downstream primers were
designed and synthesized according to the published nucleotide
sequences. Primers (Table 1) containing the EcoRI site were used to
amplify the heavy- and light-chain variable regions (V.sub.H and
V.sub.L, respectively) from 1H7 poly(A) rich mRNA by reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). PCR products were
ligated into the EcoRI site of pBleuscriptII SK. Escheria coli
XL1-Blue was transformed with the vectors encoding PCR-generated
V.sub.H and V.sub.L sequences.
The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the heavy-and light-chains
of 1H7 were determined to be EVKVVESGGGLVKPG (SEQ ID: NO 12) and
DIVMTQSHKFMSTSV (SEQ ID: NO: 13) respectively.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Primers for PCR amplification of variable
regions of heavy and light chains of 1H7 Light-chain primers Amino
Acid 1 2 3 4 5 6 Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln [SEQ IN NO: 14] 5'end
primer gggaattc GAC ATT GTG ATG ACC CAA 3' [SEQ IN NO: 15] T C C A
G T C-region amino acid Ser Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser [SEQ IN NO: 16]
C-region primer 5' TCC ATC TTC CCA CCA TCC gaattccg 3' [SEQ IN NO:
17] Heavy-chain primers Amino Acid 1 2 3 4 5 6 Glu Val Lys Val Val
Glu [SEQ IN NO: 18] 5'end primer gggaattc GAA GTA AAA GTA GTA GAA
3' [SEQ IN NO: 19] G C G C C G G G G C-region amino acid Val Tyr
Pro Leu Ala Pro [SEQ IN NO: 20] C-region primer 5' GTC TAT CCA CTG
GCC CCT gaattccg 3' [SEQ IN NO: 21]
EXAMPLE 2
Design of .alpha.IGF-IR Antibodies.
Two soluble forms of 1H7-based .alpha.IGF-IR antibodies, scFv and
scFv-Fc, were designed as schematically presented in FIG. 3. ScFv
is a monovalent antibody and has an expected M.sub.r of 27 kDa.
ScFv-Fc is a divalent antibody that contains the human IgG1 Fc
domain and has an expected M.sub.r of 120 kDa.
The gene encoding the .alpha.IGF-IR scFv was constructed using the
N-terminal signal peptide derived from the mT84.66 light chain,
V.sub.L DNA, an oligonucleotide encoding the linker peptide
(GGGGSGGGS).sub.2 (SEQ ID NO: 5), V.sub.H DNA, and a C-terminal tag
(including DYKD; SEQ ID NO: 22]), and assembled using
splice-overlap extension PCR. The resulting DNA encoding
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv is shown in FIG. 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2). The
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv construct was cloned into pcDNA3 (Invitrogen,
San Diego, Calif.), containing the cytomegalovirus promoter and
neo.sup.r selection marker (pcDNA/.alpha.IGF-IR scFv).
To construct the gene encoding .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc, a SalI
fragment containing the human IgG1 Fc (cDNA clone from Dr. J.
Schlom, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, division of
Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Md.) was inserted into
the unique XhoI site of pcDNA/.alpha.IGF-IR scFv. The HindIII
fragment encoding .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc, isolated from the
pcDNA/.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc plasmid, was inserted into the HindIII
site of pEE12-1. This plasmid encodes a glutamine synthase gene
that provides a selection system for myeloma NS0 cells in
L-glutamine-deficient selection medium.
EXAMPLE 3
Cell Culture, Transfection and Purification of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv
or .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc.
Murine myeloma Sp2/0 cells were transfected with
pcDNA/.alpha.IGF-IR scFv by electroporation, and incubated at
37.degree. C. for 3 days in a humidified 5% CO.sub.2 atmosphere. On
day 4, cells were collected, counted and placed in 24-well plates
(10.sup.5 cells/well) in regular medium containing 400 .mu.g/ml
G418. Murine myeloma NS0 cells were grown in selective medium
consisting of L-glutamine-free Celltech DME (JRH Biosciences,
Lenexa, Kans.), dialyzed fetal calf serum (Gibco/BRL, Gaithersburg,
Md.), and glutaminase synthase supplement (JRH Biosciences, Lenexa,
Kans.). Murine myeloma NS0 cells were stably transfected with
pEE12-1/.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc by electroporation and transferred to
non-selective culture medium in a 96-well plate (50 .mu.l/well),
and incubated overnight. The next day 150 .mu.l of selection medium
was added to each well, and the cells were incubated for three
weeks until discrete surviving colonies appeared.
To purify .alpha.IGF-IR scFv by affinity chromatography, 150 ml of
conditioned medium (CM), collected from Sp2/0 cells, were applied
to 6 ml .alpha.FLAG M2 mAb (Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N.Y.)
conjugated to Sepharose 4B (0.2 mg/ml gel), and .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc was eluted from the column with FLAG peptide. Eluates were
concentrated and dialyzed, using an Ultrafree-4 spin column
(Millipore, Bedford, Mass.). Based on the recovery of approximately
4 .mu.g of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv protein from purifying 150 ml CM, the
level of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv expression was estimated to be
approximately 20 ng/ml CM.
To purify .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc approximately 40 ml cell culture
supernatants collected from .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc expressing NS0
transfectants were adjusted to pH 8.0 by adding 1/20 volume 1.0M
TRIS (pH 8.0), and passed through a protein-A-Sepharose CL 4B
column. .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc was eluted from the column with 100
mM glycine buffer pH 3.0, collected in 1.5 ml conical tubes
containing 1/10 volume 1M TRIS (pH 8.0). The estimated expression
level of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc in this expression system ranged
between 45 .mu.g/ml and 85 .mu.g/ml.
EXAMPLE 4
Inhibition of Agonist Binding to Purified IGF-IR by 1H7 and
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc.
The affinity constants of 1H7 (10.sup.9 M.sup.-1) and .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc (10.sup.8 M.sup.-1) for IGF-IR were determined using a
BIAcore instrument (BIAcore Inc., Piscataway, N.J.). Analytes, at
various concentrations, were passed over IGF-IR-immobilized chips
(0.3 .mu.g/chip) at a flow rate of 5 .mu.l/min.
The in vitro potency of inhibition of purified IGF-IR by
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc for both IGF-I and IGF-II binding is seen in
FIG. 4.
EXAMPLE 5
Effect of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc on Cell Growth.
Using the MTT method the effect of extracellular addition of
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc or 1H7 on cell growth was determined on
NIH3T3 cells over expressing IGF-IR. Cell growth was significantly
inhibited after four days of treatment with 10 nM or 100 nM 1H7
mAb, see FIG. 5. Also, after 4 days of treatment with .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc cell growth appeared to be inhibited in a dose dependent
manner as is shown in FIG. 5.
EXAMPLE 6
Effect of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc on Tumor Growth In vivo.
The human breast MCF-7 cell line was obtained from American Type
Culture Collection (Rockville, Md.). MCF-7 cells were cultured in
Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf
serum. Female athymic mice (BALB/C nude, Charles River Facility for
NCI, Frederick, Md.), 4 weeks old, that had received 0.25 mg
17.beta.-estradiol pellet one week previously were inoculated in
the flank with 10.sup.7 MCF-7 cells (day 0). On day 3,
intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections near the tumor sites of
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc into each of three mice (500 .mu.g/0.1 ml
phosphate buffered saline, PBS/mouse, twice a week) was started,
and continued for two weeks.
The recombinant single chain antibody .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc
inhibits MCF-7 tumor cell growth in athymic mice. As shown in FIG.
6, inhibition of tumor cell growth is significant, although, the
results for individual mice varied. In several mice MCF-7 tumor
cell growth was completely suppressed from day 3 to day 17, and in
one mouse the tumor disappeared.
EXAMPLE 7
Effect of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc in Combination with Anti-Neoplastic
Agent Doxorubicin (DOX) on Tumor Growth In vivo.
In combination with Doxorubicin (DOX), .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc
inhibits tumor cell growth, as shown in FIG. 7. Female athymic mice
were treated similarly as described above in example 6, with the
exception that the pellet with which the mice were inoculated
contained 0.72 mg 17.beta.-estradiol. The treatment of the mice was
started on day 4 by either intraponeal injections of .alpha.IGF-IR
scFv-Fc as in example 6 three times per week, by intraponeal
injections of DOX (2 mg/kg bodyweight) once a week, or by a
combination of both.
EXAMPLE 8
Effect of .alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc in Combination with Anti-Estrogen
Agent Tamoxifen (TAM) on Tumor Growth In vivo.
In combination with the anti-estrogen drug Tamoxifen (TAM),
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc inhibits T61 tumor cell growth in vivo as is
shown in FIG. 8. The observed inhibition of a combination treatment
in these T61 tumor cells shows a synergistic effect. Female athymic
mice were inoculated with T61 tumor cells. The treatment of the
mice was started on day 36 by either intraponeal injections of
.alpha.IGF-IR scFv-Fc as in example 6 three times per week, by
subcutaneous implantation of 5 mg of a TAM pellet, or a combination
of both.
SEQUENCE LISTINGS
1
13 1 245 PRT murine 1 Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser His Lys Phe Met
Ser Thr Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Asn Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala
Ser Gln Asp Val Asn Thr Ala 20 25 30 Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys
Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr
Arg His Thr Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Thr Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser
Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Val Gln Ala 65 70 75 80 Glu
Asp Leu Thr Leu Tyr Tyr Cys His Gln His Tyr Thr Thr Pro Tyr 85 90
95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Ile Lys Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser
100 105 110 Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Ser Glu
Val Lys 115 120 125 Val Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Gly
Gly Ser Leu Lys 130 135 140 Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe
Ser Ile Tyr Ala Met Ser 145 150 155 160 Trp Val Arg Gln Thr Pro Glu
Lys Lys Leu Glu Trp Val Ala Ser Ile 165 170 175 Ser Asn Gly Gly Thr
Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg Phe 180 185 190 Thr Ile Ser
Arg Asp Asn Ala Arg Asn Ile Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn 195 200 205 Ser
Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Met Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Thr Phe 210 215
220 Tyr Tyr Ser Phe Pro Arg Ala Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser
225 230 235 240 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 245 2 735 DNA murine 2
gacattgtga tgacccagtc tcacaaattc atgtccacat cggtaggaga cagggtcaac
60 atcacctgca aggccagtca ggatgtgaat actgctgtgg cctggtatca
acaaaaacca 120 gggcaatctc ctaaactcct gatttactgg gcatccaccc
ggcacactgg agtccctgat 180 cgcttcacag gcagtggatc tgggacagat
tttactctca ccatcagcag tgtgcaggct 240 gaagacctga cactttatta
ctgtcatcaa cattatacca ctccgtacac gttcggaggg 300 gggaccaatc
tggaaataaa aggcggaggc ggtagcggcg gtggttcagg aggtggcggc 360
agtggtggag gatctgaagt aaaagtggtg gaatctgggg gaggcttagt gaagcctgga
420 gggtccctga aactctcctg tgcagcctct ggattcactt tcagtatcta
tgccatgtca 480 tgggttcgcc agactccaga gaagaaactg gagtgggtcg
catccattag taatggtggt 540 accacctact atccagacag tgtgaagggc
cgattcacca tctccagaga taatgccagg 600 aacatcctgt acctgcaaat
gaacagtctg aggtctgagg acacggccat gtattactgt 660 gcaaggtacc
ttctactata gttttccccg agctaggact actggggtca aggaacctcg 720
gtcaccgtct cctca 735 3 107 PRT murine 3 Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser
His Lys Phe Met Ser Thr Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Asn Ile
Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Asn Thr Ala 20 25 30 Val Ala Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr
Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg His Thr Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Thr Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Val Gln Ala
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Leu Thr Leu Tyr Tyr Cys His Gln His Tyr Thr Thr
Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Ile Lys 100
105 4 120 PRT murine 4 Glu Val Lys Val Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu
Val Lys Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser
Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ile Tyr 20 25 30 Ala Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln
Thr Pro Glu Lys Lys Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala Ser Ile Ser Asn
Gly Gly Thr Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Ser Val Lys 50 55 60 Gly Arg Phe
Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Arg Asn Ile Leu Tyr Leu 65 70 75 80 Gln
Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Met Tyr Tyr Cys Ala 85 90
95 Arg Thr Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Phe Pro Arg Ala Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110 Gly Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 5 18 PRT murine
5 Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly 1
5 10 15 Gly Ser 6 9 PRT murine 6 Lys Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Asn Thr
Ala 1 5 7 7 PRT murine 7 Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg His Thr 1 5 8 9 PRT
murine 8 His Gln His Tyr Thr Thr Pro Tyr Thr 1 5 9 5 PRT murine 9
Ile Tyr Ala Met Ser 1 5 10 16 PRT murine 10 Ser Ile Ser Asn Gly Gly
Thr Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Ser Val Lys Gly 1 5 10 15 11 12 PRT murine
11 Thr Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Phe Pro Arg Ala Met Asp Tyr 1 5 10 12 15 PRT
murine 12 Glu Val Lys Val Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Lys Pro
Gly 1 5 10 15 13 15 PRT murine 13 Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser His
Lys Phe Met Ser Thr Ser Val 1 5 10 15
* * * * *