U.S. patent number 6,431,189 [Application Number 09/335,761] was granted by the patent office on 2002-08-13 for apparatus for and method of disinfecting hands.
This patent grant is currently assigned to 700303 Alberta Ltd.. Invention is credited to Ronald Henry Deibert.
United States Patent |
6,431,189 |
Deibert |
August 13, 2002 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Apparatus for and method of disinfecting hands
Abstract
An apparatus for disinfecting a user's hands has a spray chamber
or an open spray zone with an opening for a user to insert his or
her hands into the chamber. A supply of a disinfecting solution is
provided, and preferably comprises a storage tank with a
concentrated solution. This solution is mixed with an incoming
freshwater supply, e.g. in a venturi valve, and supplied through
spray nozzles into the chamber. A sensor detects the presence of a
user's hands and automatically operates the spray nozzles for a
predetermined time. The apparatus can also include a fan with its
own timer, to provide a supply of drying air. Thus, a user can
insert his or her hands, disinfect them with the disinfecting
solution, remove the hands and dry them, without requiring any
manual operation.
Inventors: |
Deibert; Ronald Henry (Calgary,
CA) |
Assignee: |
700303 Alberta Ltd. (Calgary,
CA)
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Family
ID: |
25348924 |
Appl.
No.: |
09/335,761 |
Filed: |
June 18, 1999 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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867028 |
Jun 2, 1997 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
134/57R;
134/102.2; 134/113; 134/182; 134/199; 604/289 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61L
2/22 (20130101); A61L 2/24 (20130101); A61B
90/80 (20160201); A47K 2210/00 (20130101); A61L
2202/14 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
19/00 (20060101); A61L 2/00 (20060101); A61L
2/26 (20060101); A61L 2/24 (20060101); A61L
2/18 (20060101); B08B 003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;134/102.2,179,182,199,201,113,57R,58R ;128/366 ;604/289 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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9318479.4 |
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Feb 1993 |
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DE |
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2659217 |
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Sep 1991 |
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FR |
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WO 83/00654 |
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Mar 1983 |
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WO |
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Primary Examiner: Stinson; Frankie L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bereskin & Parr
Parent Case Text
RELATED APPLICATIONS
The following is a Continuation-in-Part Application to U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 08/867,028, filed on Jun. 2, 1997 now
abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for disinfecting a user's hands, the apparatus
comprising: a housing defining a spray zone, the spray zone being
substantially open at the front thereof to enable a user to insert
both hands and to manipulate both hands within the spray zone
without contacting the housing, the housing including a collection
portion for collecting excess spray from the spray zone; a spray
means comprising a plurality of spray nozzles mounted on the
housing and directed rearwardly away from the front of the spray
zone, for generating a spray of a liquid within the spray chamber
and mounted on the drum; a supply means for supplying a liquid to
the spray means; a valve means connected between the supply means
and the spray means for controlling supply of the cleaning liquid;
a sensor means mounted on the spray chamber, for sensing the
presence of a user's hands within the spray chamber; and a control
circuit including a first timer and connected to the sensor means
and the valve means, the control circuit being adapted to open the
valve means to supply the liquid to the spray means when the sensor
means detects the presence of a user's hands and maintaining the
valve means open for a period determined by the first timer wherein
the spray means is dimensioned and the first timer sets said period
such that the total volume of liquid sprayed onto a user's hands is
in the range of 3 to 5 cc.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supply means
comprises a storage tank for a concentrated solution and a first
inlet for a water supply, and the valve means is connected to both
the first inlet and the storage tank and has an outlet connected to
the spray means, the valve means, when open, mixing the
concentrated solution and the water in a desired ratio, to form a
dilute solution to form said liquid which is supplied to the spray
means.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spray chamber
includes an outlet for waste liquid, adapted to be connected to an
external drain.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the valve means
comprises a venturi valve.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spray nozzles
are, together, adapted to spray liquid at a rate in the range of
2.5 to 3.2 GPH, whereby the largest portion of the liquid sprayed
remains on a user's hands and only a minor portion is discharged
through the outlet.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, which includes a fan means
for providing a flow of drying air, to encourage a user to rub the
hands together to distribute the liquid over the hands.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the fan is connected
to and controlled by the control circuit and the control circuit
includes a second timer for timing operation of the fan.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control circuit
includes a relay and the valve means includes an actuating
solenoid, wherein the first timer is connected to the first relay
for actuation thereof, and the first relay includes a first contact
means connected to the solenoid for actuation thereof, to open the
valve means, and to the second timer, to commence actuation
thereof.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, which includes a level
sensor on the storage tank, wherein the level sensor is connected
to the control circuit and the control circuit includes an
indication means, for providing an indication when the level of
concentrated solution in the storage tank falls below a
predetermined level.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spray means
comprises a pair of spray nozzles mounted on the spray chamber
below the opening and directed upwardly and rearwardly.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the storage tank
is mounted below the spray chamber and the supply means includes a
filling funnel mounted above the spray chamber and connecting to
the storage tank and a vent to vent air from the storage tank
during filling.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the valve means
comprises a venturi valve and wherein the storage tank includes a
filtered suction pickup extending from a position adjacent the
bottom of the storage tank to the venturi valve.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, which includes a framework
for supporting the spray chamber and the storage tank and an
external casing surrounding the storage tank and the spray chamber,
with the opening for the spray chamber extending through the casing
into the spray chamber, wherein the apparatus is adapted for
mounting on an elevated surface and the storage tank is provided
above the spray chamber, and wherein the control circuit is
provided on a panel mounted above the spray chamber and wherein the
control circuit includes a supply line for a connection to a
conventional alternating current supply, a junction box to which
the supply line is connected and a transformer connected to the
junction box, wherein the transformer and the junction box are
provided with a weatherproof enclosure and the transformers
transform supply voltage to a lower voltage.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein the opening into
the chamber opens above a centre line of the chamber and tapers
inwardly.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the spray nozzles
are mounted adjacent ends of the spray chamber and are directed
rearwardly and inwardly towards the centre of the chamber.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, which includes a framework
for supporting the spray chamber and the storage tank and an
external casing surrounding the framework, the storage tank and the
spray chamber, with the opening for the spray chamber extending
through the casing into the spray chamber, and wherein the control
circuit is provided on a panel below the spray chamber and the
opening and wherein the control circuit includes a supply line for
a connection to a conventional alternating current supply, a
junction box to which the supply line is connected and a
transformer connected to a junction box, wherein the transformer
and the junction box are provided with a weatherproof enclosure and
the transformer transforms the supply voltage to a lower
voltage.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the storage tank is
provided with a disinfecting solution comprising: 1.6-2% N-alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; 1.6-2% didecyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride; 0.2-0.4% lauramine oxide; 0.2-0.6% tetrasodium salt of
EDTA; 4% glycerin; and water, the amount of water forming the
balance of the composition.
18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing
comprising an upper portion above the spray zone and a lower
portion below the spray zone, wherein the spray zone is generally
concave and extends rearwardly between the upper and lower
portions, and wherein the lower portion provides the collection
portion.
19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein the collection
portion is generally trough-shaped and extends transversely and
includes retaining means to prevent excess liquid spilling out of
the collection portion.
20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 19, wherein said retaining
means comprises one of: lips at both ends of the trough-shaped
collection portion; and the lower-most portion of the collection
portion being dish-shaped, and wherein an outlet drain is provided
at the bottom of the collection portion to drain off excess
liquid.
21. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, 19 or 20 wherein the spray
zone has a generally uniform cross-section from one side of the
apparatus to the other and is open at either side of the
apparatus.
22. An apparatus as claimed in claims 18, 19 or 20, which includes
two lower spray nozzles mounted on the lower portion and directed
upwardly and rearwardly, and at least one upper spray nozzle
mounted on the upper portion and directed downwardly and
rearwardly.
23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 20, wherein the upper portion
comprises a generally convexly-shaped wall, wherein the lower
portion is defined by a lower convexly-shaped wall, and wherein a
concavely-shaped wall extends between the upper and lower
convexly-shaped walls, the collection portion comprising a
lower-most portion of the concavely-shaped wall and at least part
of the lower convexly-shaped wall.
24. An apparatus as claimed in claim 23, which includes two nozzles
mounted on the lower portion and directed rearwardly and upwardly
and at least one nozzle mounted on the upper portion and directed
downwardly and rearwardly.
25. An apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein the
concavely-shaped wall has a uniform curvature centered on an axis
of curvature, wherein the spray nozzles are generally directed
towards the axis of curvature, and wherein the two lower-most spray
nozzles are directed inwardly.
26. An apparatus as claimed in claim 25, wherein the housing
includes generally planar side walls having forward edges shaped to
correspond to the profiles of the upper and lower convexly-shaped
wall and the concavely-shaped wall, and wherein the housing
includes a planar top surface, a planar base and a generally planar
rear surface.
27. An apparatus for disinfecting a user's hands, the apparatus
comprising: a housing defining a spray zone, the spray zone being
substantially open at the front thereof to enable a user to insert
both hands and to manipulate both hands within the spray zone
without contacting the housing, the housing including a collection
portion for collecting excess spray from the spray zone; a spray
means comprising a plurality of spray nozzles mounted on the
housing and directed rearwardly away from the front of the spray
zone, for generating a spray of a liquid within the spray chamber
and mounted on the drum; a supply means for supplying a liquid to
the spray means; a valve means connected between the supply means
and the spray means for controlling supply of the cleaning liquid;
a sensor means mounted on the spray chamber, for sensing the
presence of a user's hands within the spray chamber; and a control
circuit including a first timer and connected to the sensor means
and the valve means, the control circuit being adapted to open the
valve means to supply the liquid to the spray means when the sensor
means detects the presence of a user's hands and maintaining the
valve means open for a period determined by the first timer, and
wherein the first timer is set to supply liquid to the spray for a
period in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 sec.
28. An apparatus for disinfecting a user's hands, the apparatus
comprising: a spray zone having an axis and being disposed
generally horizontally; an elongate opening in the front of the
spray chamber, and providing access from the exterior to the
interior of the chamber, to enable a user to insert both hands into
the interior of the chamber, without contacting a periphery of the
opening, the opening being located above the axis of the spray
chamber and inclined downwardly and rearwardly, to promote drainage
of liquid back into the chamber; a spray means comprising a
plurality of spray nozzles directed into the spray chamber and
rearwardly away from the opening; a supply means for supplying a
liquid to the spray means; a valve means connected between the
supply means and the spray means for controlling supply of the
liquid; a sensor means mounted on the spray chamber, for sensing
the presence of a user's hands within the spray chamber; and a
control circuit including a first timer and connected to the sensor
means and the valve means, the control circuit opening the valve
means to supply the liquid to the spray means when the sensor means
detects the presence of a user's hands and maintaining the valve
means open for a period determined by the first timer; wherein the
period set by the first timer and the flow rate from the spray
nozzles are such that the volume of liquid sprayed onto a user's
hands is in the range 3 to 5 cc.
29. An apparatus as claimed in claim 28, wherein the spray nozzles
comprise fog nozzles for forming a fine mist.
30. An apparatus as claimed in claim 28 or 29, wherein there are
two spray nozzles directed rearwardly and towards one another, and
wherein the two spray nozzles are configured to provide a total
flow rate in the range 2.5 to 3.2 GPH, and wherein the first timer
sets the period in the range 0.2 to 1.2 sec, and wherein the second
timer sets the period in the range 5 to 10 sec.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for disinfecting a
user's hands, and more particularly is concerned with apparatus
which enables disinfecting of hands, without requiring a user to
manually operate or physically touch the equipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There are many instances, in a variety of businesses and
institutional situations, where it is desirable, or even essential,
that a person have clean hands. For example, anyone handling food,
in restaurants or other situations, should ensure their hands are
well cleaned, before handling food. In a variety of medical and
laboratory situations, it is necessary for personnel to clean their
hands regularly, to ensure that an individual does not pick up a
disease or infection and to prevent transmission of disease and
infection.
In many cases, while facilities might be provided for cleaning or
washing of hands, these are not completely effective. In many
cases, this requires someone to seek out a washroom or the like, in
order to wash or clean their hands. If washrooms and the like are
not properly maintained, there can be problems with soap or
cleaning solutions being available and/or towels to dry one's
hands.
Devices have been proposed on the art. U.S. Pat. No. 5,265,628
(Sage et al) discloses an automated cleansing chamber. This
discloses a relatively complex machine in which two separate
cylinders are provided, for a user's two hands. The intention is
that each hand would be inserted into a respective cylinder. The
cylinders are rotated and provided an array of nozzles to wash the
user's hands. A program is provided comprising purge, wash, dry,
rinse and self-clean cycles. Mechanically, the system is complex,
and includes numerous moving parts, which would be subject to wear
and deterioration.
An alternative proposal is found in the Stevenson U.S. Pat. No.
2,814,081. This provides a circled rapid hand sanitizer. It
provides a transparent, generally rectangular housing, which is
intended for conspicuous display, so that patrons in the
restaurants and the like can see that a server is sterilizing his
or her hands, etc. It again provides two separate openings into the
enclosure. To prevent spray and the like from being splashed, etc.
out the enclosure, a flexible closure is retained by grommet
mouldings for each opening. This means that the flexible closure
rubs against the user's hands, possibly transferring bacteria and
the like to or from the user's hands. A single spray nozzle is
provided, directed at least partially towards the openings from the
user's hands, which will aggravate the problem of spray
accidentally passing out of the unit. Somewhat surprisingly, while
a number of apertures are provided in the bottom of the casing,
apparently to exhaust air from a blower, no provision is made for
drainage of any excess liquid sprayed onto a user's hands.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a device that can be used
for disinfecting or sanitizing a user's hands, which device should
be simple, compact and readily installed at a variety of different
locations. The present inventor has additionally realised that the
present invention should ideally automatically provide a
disinfecting solution, without requiring manual operation by the
user.
For a disinfecting or sanitizing operation, the inventor has
realized that it is not necessary to provide a large volume of
liquid. Rather, it is only necessary to provide a small quantity of
liquid. Additionally, much of the prior art fails to provide a
design or device which will appeal to users or encourage them to
use the device. Thus, many people are reluctant to insert their
hands through any small opening into a closed chamber, since they
are not sure exactly how the device will operate or how their hands
will be treated.
The present inventor has also realized that, unlike much of the
prior art, it is not necessary to have a user thoroughly wash his
or her hands. Rather, what is required, is to have a user disinfect
the hands. For this purpose, it is sufficient to have a user
thoroughly coat his/her hands with a disinfecting solution and rub
this solution into the hands. This then eliminates the need for any
distinct rinsing or drying steps.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there
is provided an apparatus for disinfecting a user's hands, the
apparatus comprising: a housing defining a spray zone, the spray
zone being substantially open at the front thereof to enable a user
to insert both hands and to manipulate both hands within the spray
zone without contacting the housing, the housing including a
collection portion for collecting excess spray from the spray zone;
a spray means comprising a plurality of spray nozzles mounted on
the housing and directed rearwardly away from the front of the
spray zone, for generating a spray of a liquid within the spray
chamber and mounted on the drum; a supply means for supplying a
liquid to the spray means; a valve means connected between the
supply means and the spray means for controlling supply of the
cleaning liquid; a sensor means mounted on the spray chamber, for
sensing the presence of a user's hands within the spray chamber;
and a control circuit including a first timer and connected to the
sensor means and the valve means, the control circuit being adapted
to open the valve means to supply the liquid to the spray means
when the sensor means detects the presence of a user's hands and
maintaining the valve means open for a period determined by the
first timer.
Preferably, the supply means comprises a storage tank for a
concentrated solution and a first inlet for a water supply, and the
valve means is then connected to both the first inlet and the
storage tank and has an outlet connected to the spray means, the
valve means, when open, mixing the concentrated solution and the
water in a desired ratio, to form a dilute solution to form said
liquid which is supplied to the spray means. The spray chamber
preferably then includes an outlet for waste disinfecting solution,
adapted to be connected to an external drain.
Advantageously, the valve means comprises a venturi valve.
The apparatus can further include a fan means for providing a flow
of drying air. The fan is conveniently connected to and controlled
by the control circuit and the control circuit then preferably
includes a second timer for timing operation of the fan. The fan is
provided mainly to encourage a user to rub the hands together, to
promote even distribution of the liquid. In a preferred aspect of
the invention only a small quantity of liquid is spraying, so that
a full drying steps or cycle is not required.
More preferably, the control circuit includes a relay and the valve
means includes an actuating solenoid. The first timer is then
connected to the relay for actuation thereof, and the relay
includes a first contact means connected to the solenoid for
actuation thereof, to open the valve means, and to the second
timer, to commence actuation thereof.
In a more preferred aspect of the present invention, the opening is
provided at the front of the spray chamber and the spray means
comprises a pair of spray nozzles mounted to the spray chamber
below the opening and directed upwardly and rearwardly, and
optionally a further spray nozzle mounted above the opening and
directed downwardly and rearwardly.
The storage tank can be mounted either above or below the spray
chamber. In a preferred embodiment, the storage tank is mounted
above the spray chamber, so as to provide a compact unit which can
be mounted on a counter surface or the like. The supply means
preferably includes a filling funnel mounted above the spray
chamber and connecting to the storage tank. A vent, to vent air
from the storage tank during filling, can either be connected to
the exterior or to the spray chamber.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a disinfecting
solution and the storage tank is preferably filled with this
solution, the disinfecting solution comprising: 1.6-2% N-alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; 1.6-2% didecyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride; 0.2-0.4% lauramine oxide; 0.2-0.6% tetrasodium salt of
EDTA; 4% glycerin; and water, the amount of water forming the
balance of the composition.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a better understanding of the invention, and to show more
clearly how it may be carried into effect, reference will now be
made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus in accordance with the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view looking in the direction of arrows 2--2
of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view looking in the direction of arrows 3--3
of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a detailed, enlarged view of a single spray nozzle;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view, similar to FIG. 1, showing an outer
casing removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic of an electrical control circuit;
FIGS. 7 and 8 show views similar to FIGS. 2 and 3 of a second
embodiment of an apparatus in accordance with the present
invention;
FIG. 9a is a sectional view in a horizontal plane of the second
embodiment; and
FIG. 9b is a view similar to FIG. 9a, showing details of a panel
with electrical components; and
FIG. 10a is a front, perspective view of a third embodiment of an
apparatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10b is a rear perspective view of the third embodiment of the
apparatus; and
FIG. 10c is a side view of the third embodiment of the
apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A first embodiment of an apparatus in accordance with the present
invention is indicated generally by the reference 10. The apparatus
10 has an external casing 12, which can be formed from sheet metal
or the like in known manner. As shown in FIG. 1, this casing 12
includes an opening 14 for a user's hands, as detailed below, and
an outlet vent 16 for a fan.
Referring to FIG. 5, with the casing 12 removed, the apparatus 10
shows a base 20, with a support framework 22 extending upwardly
from the base 20. A rear wall 24 extends up from the base 20, and
forms part of the casing 12.
Mounted on top of the support framework 22 is a drum 26 defining a
cylindrical spray chamber 28. The opening 14 is rectangular and is
inclined downwardly into the cylindrical spray chamber 28 as shown.
As most clearly shown in FIG. 3, the opening 14 is defined by a
generally rectangular tubular member 18, effectively extending
through the outer casing 12 and into the spray chamber 28. As shown
in FIGS. 2 and 3, three spray nozzles 30 are mounted in the drum
26. Details of the nozzles 30 are shown in FIG. 4. Each nozzle 30
comprises an atomizing fog nozzle producing a divergent spray. The
preferred spray nozzle is a Lennox humidifier nozzle #21060 with a
#54G49 holder supplied by LENNOX. This provides a 90.degree. wide
hollow cone spray at a flow rate of 3.00 gallons per hour. The
actual atomizing nozzle is indicated at 32 and is secured to a
mounting bracket 34, which clamped, secured by adhesive or
otherwise attached to the drum 26. An angled compression fitting 36
provides a connection to flexible P.V.C. tubing 38, the tubing 38,
together with other standard fittings connecting the nozzles 30
together.
Below the drum 26, there is a storage tank 40 for a concentrated
disinfecting solution, details of which are given below. The
storage tank 40 is provided with a screened, generally conical
refilling funnel 42 connected by tubing 44 to the top of the tank
40. A back pressure vent tube 46 (see FIG. 3) is provided.
A filtered suction pickup 48 extends from near the bottom of the
tank 40 out through the top surface of the tank 40, and as shown in
FIG. 2, to a venturi valve 50. This connection is made by further
tubing 52 and a non-return valve 54. A valve 56 is provided to
enable the flow rate through the venturi valve 50 to be adjusted.
The outlet of the venturi valve 50 is connected to a union 58,
providing a connection to the spray nozzles 30.
The inlet of the venturi valve 50 is connected by a solenoid valve
60, including an actuating solenoid, to an inlet 62 providing a
connection to a conventional freshwater source, i.e. to a water
supply within a building.
The venturi valve 50 is preferably a single stage injector,
supplied by DEMA Engineering Company of St. Louis, Mo., U.S.A. It
serves to dilute the concentrated disinfecting solution to a
desired ratio with the water, to form a dilute solution.
For waste water disinfecting solution, an outlet 70 is provided in
the bottom of the drum 26. This outlet 70 is connected by tubing 72
to an outlet 74, which can be connected to conventional drains
within a building. At the front of the apparatus 10, various
electrical control elements are arranged on a panel 76. The
electrical interconnection of these various elements is shown in
FIG. 6. A junction box 78 is provided with an input lead 79 (FIG.
6), for connection with a conventional electricity supply, for
example, 120 volts AC in North America. The junction box 78 is
connected to a transformer 80 which converts the input supply to a
24 volt AC supply for powering the other components, as indicated
in FIG. 6. The junction box 78 and transformer 80 are weather proof
and designed to withstand water spillage.
Mounted on the right hand side of the transformer 80, as shown in
FIG. 2, is a housing 82 for various low level electronics, and
beside this is a fan 84. 2".times.4" louvered vents 83 are provided
for the incoming air to the fan 84.
Along the bottom of the panel 76, there is a first, multifunctional
timer 86 for the spray nozzles and a second timer 87 for the fan,
as detailed below. Beside the timers 86, 87, there is a relay 88.
Also forming part of the electronic circuitry is a photoelectric
proximity sensor 90, shown in FIG. 3. Preferably, this is Model No.
E65-SMSD200-HL supplied by, Cutler-Hammer Eaton of Cleveland, Ohio,
U.S.A.
Turning to FIG. 6, as shown, the transformer 80, effectively
included in the enclosure 78 of the junction box is provided with
the input 79 for connection to a conventional 120 VAC supply. This
is transformed down to 24 volts AC and connected to a pair of
supply lines 92.
As shown, the proximity sensor 90 is connected between the lines 92
and has an output 91, connected to the first timer 86. A contact
pair 86a is an internal contact pair of the timer and serves to
initiate operation of the timer 86. The timer 86 controls a pair of
contacts 86b, which when closed actuate the relay 88. The relay 88
in turn closes a pair of contacts 88a, so as to actuate the
solenoid valve 60. Simultaneously, the closure of the contacts 88a
activates the second timer 87.
The second timer 87 closes a pair of contacts 87a, to provide power
to the fan 84. As shown, for the fan 84, a bridge rectifier 85 is
provided between the supply lines 92, to provide a DC supply for
the fan 84.
Additionally, to monitor the level of liquid in the storage tank
40, a probe 94 is provided. The probe 94 is connected to a level
sensor 95, which is also connected to a lower level warning light
96 which is provided through the front of the casing 12.
Accordingly, in use, the apparatus is installed and connected up to
conventional electrical and freshwater supplies. The storage tank
40 is filled with a suitable concentrated disinfecting solution
through the funnel 42. In accordance with the present invention, a
preferred disinfecting formulation comprises: 1.6-2% N-alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; 1.6-2% didecyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride; 0.2-0.4% lauramine oxide; 0.2-0.6% tetrasodium salt of
EDTA; 4% glycerin; and water, the amount of water forming the
balance of the composition.
When a user wishes to disinfect his/her hands, he or she simply
inserts the hands through the opening 14. The presence of the hands
is detected by the proximity sensor 90. This activates the first
timer 86, which in turn actuates the relay 88. The relay 88 opens
the solenoid valve 60, permitting fresh water to flow through to
the venturi valve 50. In the venturi valve 50, the low pressure
entrains disinfecting solution from the tank 40 into the freshwater
flow, to provide a desired dilution of the cleaning solution in the
range 80:1 to 200:1. The disinfecting solution is then sprayed from
the nozzles 30 and, in known manner, the user can rub his or her
hands together and ensure they are adequately covered with the
solution. The spraying operation is timed for a period set by the
timer 86. The sloping of the opening 14 ensures that any drops of
solution falling on it are directed back in the chamber 28.
Unlike many other proposal in this field, which rely on spraying
relatively large quantities of a liquid or cleaning solution to
effect it through washing action, the present invention is intended
primarily to provide a disinfecting or sanitizing function. As
such, it is recognized that only a relatively small amount of
liquid needs to be sprayed. To this end, it is preferred for the
spray nozzles to provide a combined spraying rate in the range of
2.5 to 3.2 GPH. Then, the spray nozzles can be actuated for a time
in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 sec. Put another way, the total amount
of liquid sprayed is preferably in the range of 3 to 5 cc. The most
preferred operative conditions are two spray nozzles each operating
at 3.00 gallons per hour providing a relatively fine mist or fog,
with the spray nozzles operated at 0.5 seconds. This gives a total
volume sprayed of 3.0 cc.
Then, it has been found that approximately 70% of the liquid
sprayed coats the skin of the user's hands, with only a small or
minor portion of the liquid being lost to waste. When the user
removes his hands from the device, the fan 84, as detailed below is
actuated. However, in view of the relatively small volume of liquid
that is deposited on the hands, no true drying action is required.
Rather, the fan is provided more to encourage users to rub their
hands together, to ensure even coverage of the hands with the
liquid. It can be further noted that since no true drying action is
required, the whole cycle takes a matter of a few seconds, which
encourages users to use the device. It is not time-consuming, and
does not require any separate true drying step, as in an apparatus
that provides a full washing action.
When the solenoid 60 is actuated, as shown in FIG. 6, the second
timer 87 is also actuated. This timer 87 can then immediately, or
after a set delay, actuate the fan 84. In any event, the timer 87
sets the fan 84 to run for a second period of time after the timer
86 is turned off and the dispensing of the disinfecting solution
ended.
The fan 84 produces a flow of air, discharging out from the outlet
vent 16. Thus, after a user has disinfected his or her hands, their
hands can be placed in front of a vent and rubbed together. If
desired, a heater can be provided in addition to the fan 84.
The fan and flow of air do not here provide a true drying action.
Rather, it is provided simply to encourage a user to rub the hands
together to spread the solution uniformly over the hands.
At the end of the second time period, the timer 87 shuts off the
fan 84, and the apparatus can then remain dormant and ready for
another user.
The casing 12 can be formed in any known manner. Here, the casing
12 has generally rectangular top and bottom surfaces and includes
the rectangular rear wall 24. At the front, the casing 12 has a
front wall 32, with lower and upper portions 34, 36 (FIG. 3). The
lower portion 34 is generally vertical and the upper portion 36 is
inclined backwards slightly, with the opening 14 perpendicular to
the upper portion 36. The sides of the casing 12 are then
correspondingly shaped.
In FIGS. 7-9, a second embodiment is shown and denoted by the
reference 100. Elements common to the first embodiment are given
the same reference numeral as in the first embodiment, but with the
suffix a. For brevity, a detailed description of similar or common
components is not repeated, and it is to be understood that the
individual components function as in the first embodiment.
The second embodiment of the apparatus 100 provides a more compact
unit intended for mounting on a counter, table, wall or the like.
As such, in many institutional, business and other settings, it
should be easy to find a suitable surface for mounting the unit,
and it then occupies little space.
The principal difference in the second embodiment is that the drum
is now located below the storage tank. This is because the unit is
intended for mounting on an elevated surface. For this purpose, the
drum 26a has an external diameter of 10 inches. The drum is
centered at 61/4 inches above the base 20a of the device. Here,
rubber bumper pads 21a are provided. Consequently, the opening 14a
is much closer to the base 20a than in the first embodiment.
The arrangement of the spray nozzles is modified as compared to the
first embodiment. A single pair of nozzles 30a are provided. In
FIG. 7, these are inclined at an angle of 60.degree. towards the
centre of the chamber, as viewed from the front. Similarly, as
shown in FIG. 8, the nozzles 30a are also inclined at 60.degree. to
the horizontal, so as to be directed rearwardly.
The opening 14a is now tapered, and is provided above the centre
line of the drum 26a, as best shown in FIG. 8. At the bottom of the
drum 26a, there is a drain screen 31 provided above the outlet
connected to the outlet tube 72a. The back pressure vent 46a,
instead of being connected to atmosphere, is now connected to the
spray chamber, as shown.
The arrangement of the fan has now been altered. The fan 84a has
the actual fan or drive motor provided on one side, as shown in
FIG. 7. An elongate grill or outlet vent 16a is provided. Again,
this is merely to encourage a rubbing or massaging action, and not
to provide a true drying function.
Turning to the arrangement of the control circuitry, similar
components are provided as for the first embodiment and these
operate similarly. However, the physical layout of their components
has been varied.
Thus, the panel 76a is now horizontal. The arrangement of the
solenoid valve 60a and the venturi valve 50a are shown in FIG. 9b.
The non-return valve 54 and the valve 56 setting the flow rate
would be retained, and the outlet of the venturi valve 50a is
connected to tubing 38a and then through to the nozzles 30a.
The overall profile of the front panel 32a is varied. It has a
planar lower portion 34a and a rounded upper portion 36a. At its
upper edge, as indicated at 33a, there is a hinge or the like
permitting the front cover to be detached. A cam lock 37a at the
bottom enables the front cover to be released at the bottom and
then pivoted upwards. The hinge arrangement 33a can comprise a
tongue and groove arrangement formed between folded ends of the
panel sheets, permitting the front panel 32a to be removed, for
servicing, maintenance etc. On the right hand side as indicated at
98, a NEMA 4 fuse holder can be provided and 99 indicates a grommet
for an input power supply cable.
The tubing for the different connections can be sized for the
intended use. In this preferred embodiment, the connection tube 44a
for filing the storage tank and the drain tube 72a are both 1/2
inch vinyl tubing. The other tubing, the connection tubing 38a to
the nozzles, the back pressure vent tubing 46a, the filtered
suction pick-up tubing 48a and the water inlet connection tubing
62a are all 1/4 inch P.V.C. tube.
Referring now FIGS. 10a, 10b and 10c, a description of a third and
preferred embodiment will now be given. Again, elements common to
the first and second embodiments are given the same reference
numeral, but here are denoted with a suffix b. Also, as for the
second embodiment, a detailed description of components common to
at least one of the first and second embodiments, is not repeated,
and it is to be understood that many components would be common
with those in the first and second embodiments and would function
in the same manner. The principal difference in this third
embodiment is the overall configuration of the exterior of the
housing and the zone or chamber for spraying a solution onto a
user's hands, and just these features are described in detail
below.
This third embodiment is designated by the reference 102. It is
intended as a compact unit, for mounting either on a table or other
suitable horizontal support surface or on a wall.
As such, the second embodiment 102 has a planar base 104 and a rear
wall 24b consisting largely of a removable rear panel 106. The
panel 106 provides access to the interior working components in
known manner, for servicing and repair.
The housing 12b includes planar side walls 108 and a planar top
surface 110. The peripheries of the side walls 108 are determined
by the shape of the other surfaces or panels.
Unlike the previous embodiments where a distinct spray chamber was
provided and was defined by a separate drum or the like, no
distinct fully enclosed spray chamber is provided, rather, there is
a spraying zone here designated at 28b. The spraying zone 28b is
defined primarily by an inner, concavely-shaped wall having a
radius of 41/2 inches as viewed in the cross-section of FIG. 10c,
this concavely-shaped wall portion being indicated at 112. Above
the wall portion 112, there is an upper convexly-shaped wall 114,
also having a radius of 41/2 (again as in FIG. 10c), extending from
the top wall or panel 110 and continuing smoothly into the
concavely-shaped wall 112. The centers of a curvature of the two
walls 112, 114 are spaced apart by 9.45 inches, i.e. by slightly
more than the radius. A transition portion 116 between the two
curved walls 112, 114 is generally planar.
At the bottom of the housing 12b, there is a front or lower
convexly-shaped wall 118 having a radius of 2 inches (again, as in
FIG. 10c) and centered 2 inches above the base 104, so as to
continue smoothly into the base. The wall 118 extends through
approximately 220 degrees and continues smoothly into the
concavely-shaped wall 112.
Corresonding to the previous embodiments, a drain outlet 70b is
provided at the lower-most portion of the wall 112, and is
connected by tubing 72b to a drain outlet 74b. To ensure that
excess liquid is contained by the wall 112 and does not flow off
either end, either vertically upwardly extending lips can be
provided or the center of the lower-most portion of the wall 112,
i.e. around the drain outlet 70b, can be dished downwards. If lips
are provided, these need be provided just to the lower-most portion
of the wall 112, somewhat as extensions of the side wall 108.
The arrangement of spray nozzles again follows that of the earlier
embodiments. Here, there are two lower spray nozzles 30b mounted to
the forward convexly-shaped wall 118, these spray nozzles 30b being
directed at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal, as viewed in
FIG. 10c, and also directed inwardly. An upper spray nozzle 30b is
mounted to the transition portion 116, and is directed primarily
downwardly but slightly rearwardly. It can be noted that all the
spray nozzles can be arranged so as to be directed primarily to the
centered curvature of the concavely-shaped wall 112.
The other elements necessary for operation of this third embodiment
would follow the previous embodiments, and are shown merely
schematically. First, a blower is indicated at 84b, and would be
directed forwardly and downwardly. As before, the blower 84b is
intended mainly to encourage users to rub their hands together and
obtain uniform coverage of a disinfecting solution. The amount of
solution sprayed will be so small that no true drying action should
be required.
Electronic controls are indicated at 76b. The storage tank stores
the concentrated solution and is indicated at 40b, and as shown
could be a generally rectangular parallelepiped.
In use, this third embodiment has the advantage that it is much
more open, so as to encourage users to insert their hands. At the
same time, it provides sufficient enclosure to contain spray and to
collect and drain off any excess spray as only a fine mist of spray
is used, in a small quantity, the problem of excess spray being
splashed externally of the device should not be too great.
A user can insert his or her hands either directly from the front
or indeed partially from the side. The relatively large open area
enables a user to freely manipulate both hands and to rub the hands
together, if desired, to obtain uniform coverage of the
disinfecting solution. All of this can be accomplished without
necessarily contacting the device or apparatus itself, thereby
eliminating the problem of cross-contamination from one user to
another.
It will be understood that the lower-most portion of the
concavely-shaped wall 112 and at least part of the lower
convexly-shaped wall 118, together with lips at either side, as
provided, or a dish-shape, provide a trough-shaped collection
portion for collecting excess spray. As noted, this excess spray is
then drained off through the drain 70b.
The shape provided by the convex-shaped wall 114 provides an upper
portion above the spray zone 28. Correspondingly, the shape
provided by the lower portion of the concavely-shaped wall 112,
together with the convexly-shaped wall 118 provides a lower portion
defining the bottom of the spray chamber 28b. This lower portion is
also considered to define a trough-shaped collection portion for
collecting excess spray. The collection portion extends
transversely and has ends at the two sides 108 of this
embodiment.
It will be appreciated that while preferred embodiments of the
present invention has been described, numerous variations are
possible within the scope and spirit of the present invention.
* * * * *