U.S. patent number 5,944,516 [Application Number 09/086,924] was granted by the patent office on 1999-08-31 for animal tooth cleaning device and method.
Invention is credited to Brian Deshaies.
United States Patent |
5,944,516 |
Deshaies |
August 31, 1999 |
Animal tooth cleaning device and method
Abstract
A device for cleaning the teeth of a dog or other animal has a
core element having a plurality of brushes extending therefrom and
a compressible hollow outer shell having a plurality of holes, each
of which is aligned with a respective one of the plurality of
brushes, so that the brushes are exposed. When the animal bites
against the shell, the shell is compressed, in turn causing the
brushes to further protrude from the shell and exert a cleaning
effect on the animal's teeth.
Inventors: |
Deshaies; Brian (Newton,
NH) |
Family
ID: |
26725667 |
Appl.
No.: |
09/086,924 |
Filed: |
May 29, 1998 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
433/1;
15/167.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61D
5/00 (20130101); A01K 15/026 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61D
5/00 (20060101); A61D 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;433/1 ;15/167.1 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Vicki Croke, "My, What Bright Teeth You Have", The Boston Globe,
undated. .
"More Pampered Pets", undated. .
Cheryl S. Smith, "Checking up on Your Dog's Teeth Can Do More Than
Improve its Smile", AKC Gazette vol. 114 No. 2,pp. 58-60 (Feb.
1997). .
David Falcone, Time to Combat . . . Dog Breath!!, undated. .
Gary Wilkes, "Dental Care Counts in Animals' Overall Health", The
Sun, Undated. .
"Chiropractors and Dentists for Dogs", Gazette (Dec.
1996)..
|
Primary Examiner: Wilson; John J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wolf, Greenfield & Sacks,
P.C.
Parent Case Text
RELATED APPLICATION
This non-provisional application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119(e) of co-pending U.S. provisional application Ser. No.
60/047,975, filed May 29, 1997, entitled "Animal Tooth Cleaning
Device and Method" by Brian Deshaies, incorporated herein by
reference.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An animal tooth cleaning device, comprising:
a core element having at least one brush extending in a first
direction therefrom; and
an outer shell disposed around the core element, the outer shell
including at least one opening;
wherein the at least one opening is aligned with a respective one
of the at least one brushes, and
wherein the outer shell comprises means for deforming in a
direction parallel to the first direction of the at least one brush
when an animal bites the device, in turn causing the at least one
brush to protrude through its respective opening so as to contact
the animal's teeth.
2. The animal tooth cleaning device of claim 1, wherein the at
least one brush includes an area without bristles, said area
provided to receive toothpaste.
3. The animal tooth cleaning device of claim 1, wherein the outer
shell has a bone-type configuration.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the core element comprises
polypropylene.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein first and second brushes extend
from the core element in opposite directions from one another.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein each brush of the at least one
brushes comprises a plurality of bristles; and
wherein the bristles are fused to the core element.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the core element has a
substantially rectangular cross-section.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the outer shell comprises first
and second half-shell components.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein the first and second half-shell
components are attached to another by an adhesive to form the outer
shell.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein a second brush extends from the
core element in a second direction different from the first
direction.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein an angle between the first and
second directions is approximately 90.degree..
12. A method of manufacturing a device for cleaning an animal's
teeth, the method comprising:
providing a core element;
providing at least one brush on a surface of the core element, the
at least one brush extending from the core element in a first
direction;
disposing a deformable outer shell around the core element, the
shell having at least one opening aligned with the at least one
brush, and
providing the outer shell with means for deforming in a direction
parallel to the first direction of the at least one brush when an
animal bites the device, in turn causing the at least one brush to
protrude through its respective opening so as to contact the
animal's teeth.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the core element
comprises polypropylene.
14. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein the outer shell
comprises rubber.
15. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the at least one
brush comprises a plurality of bristles, and wherein the step of
providing the at least one brush comprises fusing the plurality of
bristles to the core element.
16. A method of cleaning the teeth of an animal, the method
comprising:
providing at least one brush on a surface of a core element so that
the at least one brush extends radially therefrom;
disposing a hollow outer shell about the core element, the hollow
outer shell comprising at least one opening aligned with a
respective at least one brush; and
causing the animal to bite on the hollow outer shell, thereby
causing the shell to deform and expose the at least one brush,
through the respective opening, wherein the at least one brush
contacts at least one tooth of the animal.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one brush includes
an area without bristles, the method further comprising providing a
toothpaste in said area.
18. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
providing a first brush to extend from the core element in a first
direction and a second brush to extend from the core element in a
second direction different from the first direction.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an animal tooth cleaning device
that is adapted to be gripped in the mouth of an animal, e.g., a
dog, such that the animal's teeth are automatically cleaned while
the animal's teeth are in rubbing contact with the device.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
Maintaining good dental hygiene is just as important for pet
animals, such as dogs and cats, as it is for their human owners.
Dogs and cats do not get cavities the way humans do. Periodontal,
or gum disease, however, is a common problem for dogs and cats due
to the buildup of tartar or calculus on the teeth. As many as 80%
of dogs and cats over three years of age may suffer from some form
of it. Infected gums can easily transmit bacteria to the blood
stream, causing serious illness.
Pet owners should be aware of the serious problems created when
their pet's teeth are neglected. Gum disease or an infected tooth
can affect the overall health of the animal and also reduce the
animal's life expectancy. Additionally, a dental infection can lead
to liver, heart, and kidney damage.
Many animals put up with dental pain in silence. It is possible
that an animal with an infected tooth might exhibit only a slight
discoloration in the mouth. Some pets may stop drinking cold water
or eating harder foods. It is possible that an animal's reaction to
a dental problem can be so subtle that the mouth disease may go
unnoticed until it becomes a serious problem.
The field of animal dentistry is relatively new. More veterinarians
are becoming skilled in dental procedures. As an alternative to
pulling teeth, root canals, orthodontics and tooth reconstruction
are being performed. As with humans, however, maintaining dental
health requires regular maintenance, i.e., a daily routine of
brushing.
Most pet owners would understand the difficulties involved in
having to brush their pet's teeth everyday. Many animals just won't
tolerate the experience. If this daily brushing is attempted, but
is unsuccessful, an owner may be tempted to discontinue the
practice, thereby endangering their pet's health.
There are known devices on the market which hold themselves out as
helping to maintain the dental health of a dog or a cat. These
items include Milk-Bone.RTM. dog biscuits, rope chews, as well as
chew toys made from cow's hooves.
The plaque that builds up on an animal's teeth, causing gum
disease, must be removed from at, or under, the gum-line. The
aforementioned items, however, do not remove plaque below the
gum-line. The knotted nylon "bones" and rawhide, while providing
good chewing surfaces and removing plaque from the surface of
teeth, do not go below the gum-line and may cause intestinal
obstructions if swallowed. Cow hooves, although a popular chew
treat, can become wedged between the dog's teeth, leading to
serious dental problems. As an alternative, hard rubber and softer
nylon-type chew toys are proposed but, once again, these do not
clean below the gum-line.
Another disadvantage of rope bones for cleaning teeth is that dogs
just tend to tear them with their front teeth instead of really
chewing. This fails to clean the back molars. There is also a risk
that the dog will tear apart the rope bone and thus choke on large
pieces of rope.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,126,137, issued to W. S. Lambert on Jun. 30, 1992,
(hereinafter "Lambert '137) shows a device adapted to be gripped by
an animal's tooth to exert a tooth cleaning action. The device
comprises an open-celled foam body encased in a sheath, or
covering, formed of an open weave gauze material. The gauze
material is preferably a tough, high strength material, such as
dacron, nylon or Kevlar.TM., in thread form, whereby the animal's
teeth are not likely to break the gauze threads when the animal
exerts a biting action on the device. The device preferably has a
dog bone shape or a hot dog shape.
The foam body of Lambert'137 is impregnated with various food
substances or materials in order to attract the animal (dog or cat)
to the device. Lambert mentions water-soluble beef flavoring,
catnip and mild dental abrasives, as materials that can be
impregnated into the foam body.
When the device is attacked by the dog, or other animal, the
animal's teeth penetrate the gauze sheath material so that the
gauze threads have a rubbing action on the side surfaces of the
teeth. This rubbing action produces a tooth cleaning effect. It,
however, does not clean below the gum.
One potential problem with the device of Lambert is that the
animal's teeth can potentially become stuck in the threads of the
gauze covering, such that the animal is prevented from letting go
of the device; the device could conceivably stick to the animal's
mouth even against the efforts to let go of the device. If the pore
openings in the gauze are sufficiently small that the gauze threads
rub on the animal's teeth, then presumably (in some cases) the
threads can grip the side surfaces of the teeth so that the threads
become stuck in the tooth spaces.
Another problem with Lambert's '137 device is that only limited
quantities of attractant materials (catnip, toothpaste, etc.) can
be impregnated into the foam body. After a comparatively few biting
actions by the animal essentially all of the attractant material
will be extruded out of the foam body. It is believed that the
device of Lambert '137 would have a relatively short service life,
i.e., a relatively few bite cycles, before depletion of the
attractant material to an ineffective level.
Another problem with the device of Lambert '137 is that the fluid
impregnated into the sponge is likely to squirt out of the sponge
at undesired locations. Movement of the animal tooth into the
sponge at one point is likely to depress other areas of the sponge,
thereby causing uncontrolled squirting of the fluid in various
different directions.
Thus, what is needed is an apparatus that will remove plaque from
an animal's teeth, not only at the surface of the teeth, but also
below the gum-line so as to reduce the occurrence of gum disease.
Such a device should be one that the animal can implement itself
through a normal action such as, for example, chewing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The animal tooth cleaning device of the present invention comprises
a core element having at least one brush extending radially
therefrom and a compressible hollow outer shell disposed around the
core element. The outer shell includes at least one opening and the
at least one opening is aligned with a respective one of the at
least one brushes.
In one embodiment, the compressible hollow shell is more
compressible than the core element, so that when an animal bites
the hollow shell, the hollow shell is compressed, in turn causing
the at least one brush to protrude from the hollow shell, through
the respective opening, and exert a cleaning effect on the animal's
teeth.
In another embodiment, a method of manufacturing a device for
cleaning an animal's teeth, the method comprises providing at least
one brush extending from a core element; and disposing a
compressible hollow shell around the core element, the shell having
at least one opening aligned with the at least one brush.
In an additional embodiment, a method of cleaning the teeth of an
animal, the method comprises providing at least one brush on a
surface of a core element so that the at least one brush extends
radially therefrom; disposing a hollow outer shell about the core
element, the hollow outer shell comprising at least one opening
aligned with a respective at least one brush; and causing the
animal to bite on the hollow outer shell, thereby causing the shell
to deform and expose the at least one brush, through the respective
opening, wherein the at least one brush contacts at least one tooth
of the animal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and many other advantages of the present invention will be
readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference
numerals designate like or corresponding parts throughout,
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view, taken through a tooth cleaning device
embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view, taken through a check valve used in the
FIG. 1 embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view, taken through a
bristle unit used in the FIG. 1 device, FIG. 3 shows the detailed
construction of a metering valve that can be used in the bristle
unit to distribute toothpaste onto the bristles;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on line 4--4 in FIG.
3;
FIG. 5 shows an arrangement that is similar to the FIG. 1 device,
except as regards the mechanism for pressurizing the toothpaste
supply;
FIG. 6 is an elevational view of another embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 7 shows a toothpaste dispensing valve that can be used as an
alternate to the valve depicted in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 shows an arrangement that is a variant of the device shown
in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 shows a sectional view, taken in the same direction as FIG.
1, but on a reduced scale, and showing an additional form that the
invention can take;
FIG. 10 is an assembly diagram of another embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 11 is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken through line A--A of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is an assembly diagram similar to FIG. 10, for which
exemplary, non-limiting, measurements are indicated;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.
10 showing the protrusion of bristles in response to depression of
the outer core by an animal tooth;
FIG. 15 is a diagram of an exemplary core for the embodiment of
FIG. 10;
FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 16C show various views of the cover for the
embodiment of FIG. 10; and
FIG. 17 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 10.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 is a sectional view, taken through a tooth cleaning device
embodying the present invention.
FIG. 1 of the drawings shows a relatively rigid, or compressible,
hollow shell 10, having an exterior spherical surface 12 and
interior spherical surface 14. Spherical surface 14 forms an
internal closed chamber adapted to contain pressurized fluid
toothpaste, preferably in gel form. In the drawing the toothpaste
is designated by numeral 16. Shell 10 is preferably formed of a
relatively rigid material that is, at the same time, somewhat
compressible, and not so hard as to be potentially injurious to an
animal's tooth when the animal's tooth forcibly contacts the shell
exterior surface 12. Shell 10 can, for example, be formed of a
rigid plastic material or a hard rubber, having a relatively high
durometer, whereby the shell is resistant to pressures generated by
the pressurized toothpaste 16.
Toothpaste 16 may be pressurized by means of an internal balloon 18
containing a pressurized gas 20. Balloon 18 is preferably formed of
an elastomeric material, and pressurized with a gas, prior to
placement of the balloon 18 into shell 10.
With the pressurized balloon pre-positioned within shell 10,
toothpaste 16 can be injected into the shell 10 through a check
valve 22. As shown in FIG. 2, the check valve 22 comprises a
tubular housing 24 having a partition 26. An opening 28 in the
partition 26 is normally closed by a flap-type valve element 30
that can deflect when the toothpaste flows in the arrow 32
direction into the shell 10.
A toothpaste tube, or other toothpaste source, can be threadably
joined to valve housing 24; thereafter the toothpaste can be pumped
in the arrow 32 direction through valve opening 28 into the
interior chamber within shell 10. As the toothpaste fills the
chamber, the pressurized balloon 18 is reduced in size. The balloon
provides a pressure source that maintains the toothpaste in a
pressurized condition. Check valve 22 prevents the pressurized
toothpaste from escaping out of the chamber formed by shell 10.
Balloon 18 preferably is sufficiently pressurized as to maintain
the toothpaste in a pressurized state until all of the paste has
been dispensed from shell 10, i.e., until balloon 18 completely
fills the chamber.
FIG. 5 shows an arrangement that is basically the same as the FIG.
1 device, except as regards the mechanism for pressurizing the
toothpaste supply.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view, taken in the same direction as FIG. 1
but on a reduced scale, and showing an additional form that the
invention can take.
FIG. 1 shows the balloon as a spherical elastomeric balloon
floatably disposed within the toothpaste, so that the balloon is
entirely surrounded by the paste (or gel). In the arrangement of
FIG. 5, the pressurizing mechanism comprises a football-shaped
balloon 33 having its closed ends affixed to the outer shell 10.
The bristle assemblies at the North and South poles of the shell
are closed or inactive as regards the dispensing of toothpaste. The
balloon 33 is charged with a pressurizing gas to maintain the
surrounding toothpaste (gel) 16 in a pressurized condition.
The external surface 12 of shell 10 has pockets therealong for
mounting bristle units 36 at preselected points along the shell
surface. FIG. 1 shows seven bristle units 36 spaced around the
shell circumference. Considering the shell in a three-dimensional
sense, in a preferred, but non-limiting, embodiment there will be
twenty-three (23) bristle units space essentially equidistantly
around the shell circumference.
Each bristle unit 36 comprises a mounting plug, or disc, 38, seated
within a pocket on the exterior shell surface 12, and a large
multiplicity of bristles 39 projecting from the plug 38 away from
the shell surface. The bristles 39 may be similar to the bristles
used on conventional toothbrushes. In a preferred embodiment, each
bristle has a projection length (from disc 38) measuring about
one-half inch.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view, taken through a
bristle unit used in the FIG. 1 device. FIG. 3 shows the detailed
construction of a metering valve that can be used in the bristle
unit to distribute toothpaste onto the bristles.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on line 4--4 in FIG.
3.
At least some of the bristle units can be constructed as shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4. As there shown, the bristles are arranged in a ring
pattern to form a central space 40 devoid of bristles. A metering
valve 42 is located within the central space 40 defined by the ring
of bristles.
Metering valve 42 can be constructed in various ways. However, as
shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the metering valve comprises a deflectable
button structure that includes a head 43 joined to disc 38 by four
collapsible legs 44. Preferably the button structure and disc 38
are integrally formed out of an elastomer. Legs 44 are collapsible
and deflectable in response to external forces applied against head
43 by an animal's tooth during a biting action on the device. FIG.
3 includes two arrows indicating two directions that an animal's
tooth might take as the animal attempts to bite the device.
A small poppet valve element 46 has a stem connected to deflectable
head 43 so that when the head 43 is deflected by contact with an
animal's tooth, the poppet valve element 46 is unseated from the
associated valve seat in the inner face of the bristle-mounting
disc 38.
As valve element 46 becomes unseated, pressurized fluid gel 16
flows through the valve and the spaces between legs 44. The gel is
thus supplied to the associated bristles for tooth cleaning action
as the animal's tooth rubs on the bristles. Assuming the toothpaste
has a pleasant taste to the animal, then the animal will repeat the
biting process without specific encouragement on the part of the
pet owner.
It will be understood that valve element 46 is in an open condition
only so long as the animal's tooth deflects head 43 from its normal
position (as shown in FIG. 3). When the animal's tooth is not in
contact with head 43 the resilient legs 44 will return head 43 and
valve element 46 to the FIG. 3 closed position. As noted
previously, the metering valve can be constructed in various ways;
the essential requirement is that the metering valve be activated
to the open position by forcible contact of the valve head with the
animal's tooth.
The device of the present invention, comprises a relatively rigid,
or compressible, shell containing a pressurized supply of
toothpaste, and one or more metering valves for dispensing
toothpaste from the shell onto bristles on the shell outer surface.
The metering valves are preferably actuated by contact with the
animal's tooth, such that the toothpaste is dispensed as required
to achieve a tooth cleaning action.
It is not necessary that all of the bristle units be equipped with
metering valves. Some of the bristle units can have bristles
without the central vacant space 40 or metering valve 42. Such
bristle units could have bristles extending along the entire
surface of the mounting disc 38.
The number of bristle units 36 is dependent to a certain extent on
the size and shape of shell 10. As previously noted, the spherical
shell depicted in FIG. 1 has twenty-three bristle units. Shells
having other shapes can have different numbers of bristle
units.
FIG. 6 is an elevational view, of another embodiment of the present
invention.
FIG. 6 shows an arrangement wherein the rigid shell 10a has a
cylindrical shape; shell surfaces concentric with axis 21 are
circular (or cylindrical). The shell 10a has two transverse
elastomeric diaphragms 50 spaced axially inwardly from the ends of
the shell. Toothpaste is charged into the end spaces defined by the
diaphragms, through valves 22. The central space defined between
the two diaphragms 50, 50, is pressurized with a compressed gas,
e.g., air.
In the exemplary, but non-limiting arrangement shown in FIG. 6,
there are four rows of bristle assemblies 36 extending around the
shell circumference. The bristle assemblies 36 in the two end rows
(left and right in FIG. 6) may be equipped with toothpaste
dispensing valves of the types shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 7. The
bristle assemblies in the two intermediate rows of bristle
assemblies are closed, i.e., without toothpaste dispensing
valves.
FIG. 7 shows a toothpaste dispensing valve that can be used as an
alternate to the valve depicted in FIG. 3.
The FIG. 7 valve comprises a hollow projection 54 integral with the
bristle-mounting elastomer 38. A transverse slit 52 is provided in
the end surface of projection 54, so that when the projection 54 is
deformed (deflected) by contact with the animal's tooth the slit 52
opens slightly to enable a small quantity of toothpaste to be
dispensed from the toothpaste supply.
FIG. 8 shows an arrangement that is a variant of the device shown
in FIG. 1.
In the FIG. 8 arrangement the toothpaste 16 is contained within a
hollow elastomeric balloon 56; the space surrounding the balloon is
pressurized with a compressed gas, e.g., by injecting gas into
space 58 via a hypodermic, not shown.
One or more rigid conduits 60 extend between balloon 56 and
selected ones of the bristle assemblies. As shown in FIG. 8, there
is one conduit 60. However, more than one conduit can be employed.
Each conduit 60 has its outer end connected to a dispensing valve,
e.g., a valve of the type shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 7. Those bristle
assemblies not connected with conduits are closed (inactive as
regards the toothpaste dispensing function).
The device of FIG. 8 is similar to the FIG. 1 device, except that
the toothpaste is dispensed from a central space within the
balloon, rather than from the space surrounding the balloon.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view, taken in the same direction as FIG. 1
but on a reduced scale, and showing an additional form that the
invention can take.
FIG. 1 shows the balloon as a spherical elastomeric balloon
floatably disposed within the toothpaste, so that the balloon is
entirely surrounded by the paste (or gel). FIG. 9 shows an
alternate arrangement wherein the balloon 33 has a neck area
telescopically fitting on a check valve 34 that may be constructed
similarly to the valve shown in FIG. 2. Valve 34 can, if desired,
have a handle with a built-in air pump of operation similar to that
used on a blood pressure cuff. The balloon inflation process can be
performed before, or after, the toothpaste has been charged into
shell 10, via check valve 22.
A least one embodiment of the invention is directed to an animal
tooth cleaning device that comprises a three-dimensional shell
containing a pressurized supply of toothpaste gel, and a plurality
of tooth cleaner bristle units on the shell outer surface. At least
some of the bristle units are equipped with metering valves for
dispensing toothpaste from the shell into the bristles when a dog
or other pet animal exerts a biting action on the shell or
bristles.
Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to an
animal tooth cleaning device that does not necessarily include an
inner supply of toothpaste gel. Instead, such a device has a core
element with a plurality of brushes extending therefrom, and a
compressible or deformable hollow outer shell disposed around the
core element. The core element has a plurality of holes, each of
which is aligned with a respective one of the plurality of brushes,
so that the brushes, i.e. the bristles, are substantially exposed.
When the animal bites against the shell, the shell is compressed,
in turn causing the brushes to protrude from the shell and exert a
cleaning effect on the animal's teeth. Additionally, each group of
brushes may have an area for disposing toothpaste.
In an exemplary, but non-limiting, embodiment, the outer shall may
have eight substantially square holes where an inner harder core
has fused bristles attached thereto that project through the holes.
Of course, it is clear that the number of holes and their shape
depends on the geometry and size of the tooth-cleaning device. When
the animal exerts a biting action on the device, the bristles are
further exposed and the animal's teeth rub on the bristles. This
exerts a cleaning effect on the animals teeth. The bristles may be
similar to the bristles used on standard human toothbrushes, so
that they have minimal propensity for becoming stuck in the
animal's tooth spaces.
The length of the bristles and the extent to which they extend from
the hollow shell, when it is compressed, depends on the size of the
animal. Certainly, the bristles should not be so long as to scratch
the gums. Only what is needed to reach the gum-line and remove
plaque. In a preferred embodiment, this is in the range of 1/16 to
3/4 of an inch.
FIG. 10 is an assembly diagram of such an exemplary, but
non-limiting, embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the device may
include a cover and a core 102. In this example, the cover is made
from two covers 100A and 100B, which meet at a point 103 when each
is assembled over the core 102. The assembling of the cover can
include gluing the two covers to one another. The device further
includes bristle groups 104A, 104B, 104C, 104D, 104E, and 104F,
which in one embodiment are installed in the core 102. Two
additional bristle groups, not shown, may be positioned opposite
bristle groups 104E and 104F. The core 102 may be made of a firm
material, e.g., polypropylene or nylon, and the cover 100 may be
made of a less firm material, e.g., a rubber material, so that
additional portions of the bristle groups 104 are exposed when an
animal depresses, by a biting or chewing action, the softer cover
material.
Also shown in FIG. 10 is a space 105 within, for example, the
bristle group 104E, and a space 106 within, for example, the
bristle group 104F. These spaces 105 and 106 may be used as a
receptacle for toothpaste gel. Thus, the toothpaste gel may be
inserted in some or all of the spaces, and then the device may be
given to the animal. Of course, it is clear that a space could be
placed in any bristle group and not necessarily all of them.
FIG. 11 is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 10 showing
protrusion of the bristles prior to depression of the cover by the
animal. FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken through line A--A of FIG.
10, and shows how the bristles extend slightly through holes in the
cover 100.
FIG. 13 is an assembly diagram similar to FIG. 10, for which
exemplary, but non-limiting, dimensions are indicated. FIG. 14 is a
diagram of a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 10 showing
the protrusion of bristles in response to depression of the outer
core by an animal tooth (not shown). In particular, in this
example, the animal's teeth have depressed the region generally
shown as 142, so that the bristles in this area extend around the
animal's teeth so as to clean the teeth at and under the
gum-line.
FIG. 15 is a diagram of an exemplary, but non-limiting, core for
the embodiment of FIG. 10, and FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 16C show various
views of the cover for the non-limiting embodiment of FIG. 10. Of
course, none of the dimensions indicated herein are limiting, and
are given for exemplary purposes only.
FIG. 17 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 10, which
also shows the bristle groups 104G and 104H.
It is clear that the materials used for the tooth cleaning device
of the present invention must be those that are non-toxic to an
animal. Additionally, the material must be of a type that if a
small portion were to be broken off by the animal, the portion
would pass through the animal's digestive system without causing
the animal harm or discomfort. In a preferred embodiment of the
present invention, the hollow portion is comprised of a material
known as E1470-3 in the SBR family of products as manufactured by
Beebe Rubber Division of Chardon Rubber Company, 20 Marshall
Street, Nashua, N.H. 03060. Additionally, the core, as already
explained, is made from a polypropylene. This is a material similar
to that which is used in cutting boards available from restaurant
supply outfits.
The core can be constructed as either being solid or hollow. In
addition, the cross-section of the core can be either substantially
rectangular, circular or have an I-beam form. In order to attract
an animal, such as a dog, to the device, the hollow portion can be
shaped to look like a dog bone. One of ordinary skill in the art
can see that the hollow outer shell can take on any one of numerous
shapes so as to attract the interest of a pet.
Further, it is clear that any one of a number of attractants can be
placed in the device. These include, but are not limited to, catnip
and beef flavor.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention includes fusing
the bristles of the brushes to the core. An example of this bristle
fusion technology is available from Tucel Industries, Inc.,
Forrestdale, Vt. Alternatively, the brush bristles could be
assembled onto a metal plate that is then stapled to the core. As
another alternative, an epoxy can be used to attach the brush
bristles to the core. The use of epoxy, however, is problematic
since most epoxy is toxic and would not be recommended for a device
to go into a pet's mouth.
Having thus described at least one illustrative embodiment of the
invention, various alterations, modifications and improvements will
readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations,
modifications and improvements are intended to be within the spirit
and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description
is by way of example only and is not intended as limiting. The
invention is limited only as defined in the following claims and
the equivalents thereto.
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