U.S. patent number 5,366,466 [Application Number 07/911,871] was granted by the patent office on 1994-11-22 for surgical scissors.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Unisurge, Inc.. Invention is credited to Jeffrey J. Christian, Christina W. Forston.
United States Patent |
5,366,466 |
Christian , et al. |
November 22, 1994 |
Surgical scissors
Abstract
Surgical scissors having first and second blades with cutting
edges. A housing is provided. The first and second blades are
pivotally mounted in the housing to permit movement between open
and closed positions. First and second linkage arms are provided
and are pivotally connected to the first blade and to the second
blade. A push-pull rod is slidably mounted in the housing and has a
distal extremity. The distal extremity of the push-pull rod is
pivotally connected to the first and second linkage arms for moving
the blades between open and closed positions as the push-pull rod
is moved rectilinearly.
Inventors: |
Christian; Jeffrey J. (San
Jose, CA), Forston; Christina W. (San Jose, CA) |
Assignee: |
Unisurge, Inc. (Cupertino,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
25431022 |
Appl.
No.: |
07/911,871 |
Filed: |
July 9, 1992 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/174;
606/170 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
17/320016 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
17/32 (20060101); A61B 017/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;606/167,170,174,51,52,205-211 ;128/750-755,3-6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0021797 |
|
Jan 1893 |
|
GB |
|
9102493 |
|
Mar 1991 |
|
WO |
|
Primary Examiner: Pellegrino; Stephen C.
Assistant Examiner: Lewis; William
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Flehr, Hohbach, Test, Albritton
& Herbert
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a surgical scissors, first and second blades having cutting
edges and having proximal and distal extremities, a tubular member
having proximal and distal extremities, the distal extremity having
an open end, the tubular member having an outer diameter, a nose
mounted in the open end of the tubular member and having a diameter
no greater than the outer diameter of the tubular member, means
carried by the nose pivotally interconnecting said first and second
blades between the proximal and distal extremities of the first and
second blades within the nose to permit movement of the first and
second blades between open and closed positions, first and second
linkage arms disposed within the nose, means in the nose pivotally
connecting the first linkage arm to the proximal extremity of the
first blade, means in the nose pivotally connecting the second
linkage arm to the proximal extremity of the second blade, a
push-pull rod slidably mounted in the tubular member and in the
nose and having a distal extremity and means in the nose pivotally
connecting the distal extremity of the push-pull rod to the first
and second linkage arms for moving the blades between open and
closed positions as the push-pull rod is moved rectilinearly, the
proximal extremities of said first and second blades being
positioned with respect to the means pivotally interconnecting the
first and second blades so that as said push-pull rod is pushed,
said cutting edges will be moved to a closed position.
2. A scissors as in claim 1 wherein said nose is formed of first
and second parts, and wherein said first and second blades are
pivotally mounted between said first and second parts.
3. A scissors as in claim 1 wherein said linkage arms and said
first and second blades lie parallel to each other.
4. A scissors as in claim 1 wherein said first and second linkage
arms form a toggle mechanism to provide a toggle mechanical
advantage upon movement of the cutting edges of the blades toward
the closed position.
5. In a surgical scissors, first and second blades having cutting
edges and having proximal and distal extremities, a sleeve nose,
means mounted on said housing pivotally interconnecting said first
and second blades between the proximal and distal extremities to
permit movement between open and closed positions, first and second
linkage arms, means pivotally connecting the first linkage arm to
the proximal extremity of the first blade, means pivotally
connecting the second linkage arm to the proximal extremity of the
second blade, a push-pull rod slidably mounted for rectilinear
movement in the housing and having a distal extremity and means
pivotally connecting the distal extremity of the push-pull rod to
the first and second linkage arms for moving the blades between
open and closed positions as the push-pull rod is moved
rectilinearly, the proximal extremities of said first and second
blades being positioned with respect to the means pivotally
interconnecting the first and second blades so that as said
push-pull rod is pushed, said cutting edges will be moved to a
closed position, said first and second linkage arms forming a
toggle mechanism to provide a toggle mechanical advantage upon
movement of the cutting edges of the blades toward the closed
position, said toggle mechanism being configured so that as said
first and second linkage arms approach generally aligned positions
at substantially right angles to the direction of movement of the
push-pull rod, the cutting edges near their closed positions to
apply the greatest cutting force.
Description
This invention relates to a surgical scissors and more particularly
to a surgical scissors for use with a hand-held surgical device for
use in endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures.
Surgical scissors heretofore have been provided, and in particular
surgical scissors have been provided for use in laparoscopic
surgery. However, it has been found that such scissors are very
delicate and often are unable to withstand the rigors of surgery
for any period of time. There is, therefore, a need for a new and
improved surgical scissors to overcome these disadvantages.
In general, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
surgical scissors which is robust, sharp and cuts very well.
Another object of the invention is to provide a surgical scissors
of the above character which can be utilized with a hand-held
surgical device in endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures.
Additional objects and features of the invention will appear from
the following description in which the preferred embodiments are
set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a surgical hand-held device
having mounted therein the surgical scissors of the present
invention for use in conjunction therewith.
FIG. 2 is a view partially in cross-section of the surgical
scissors shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a partial side elevational view of the surgical scissors
shown in FIG. 2 looking along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a view partially in cross-section of the distal extremity
of the surgical scissors shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5--5 of FIG.
4.
In general, the surgical scissors of the present invention consists
of first and second blades having cutting edges. Means is provided
for pivotally interconnecting the first and second blades to permit
movement of the first and second blades between open and closed
positions. First and second linkage arms are provided. Means is
provided for connecting the first linkage arm to the first blade
and for pivotally connecting the second linkage arm to the second
blade. A push-pull rod having a distal extremity is provided. Means
is provided for pivotally connecting the distal extremity of the
push-pull rod to the first and second linkage arms.
More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 of the drawings, the
surgical scissors 11 incorporating the present invention is
removably mounted in a hand-held device 12 of the type described in
co-pending application Ser. No. 07/806,666 filed on Dec. 13, 1991.
As described therein, it consists of a housing 13 which is provided
with a trigger bar 14 that is utilized for causing rectilinear
movement of an actuator tube assembly (not shown) and a knob 16 for
causing a rotation of the same as described therein.
The surgical scissors 11 of the present invention is formed as a
tool which is adapted to be used in conjunction with the hand-held
device 12 and in many respects is constructed in a manner similar
to other tools described is said co-pending application Ser. No.
07/806,666 filed on Dec. 13, 1991.
The surgical scissors 11 is like one of the tools said co-pending
application Ser. No. 07/806,666 filed on Dec. 13, 1991, with a
proximal extremity 21 substantially identical to the proximal
extremity shown in said co-pending application. The distal
extremity 22 of the surgical scissors 11 is provided by an elongate
inner tubular member 26 which is mounted for rectilinear movement
in an outer tubular member 27. A cylindrical pin 31 extends
transversely of the inner tubular member 26 and extends through
aligned parallel slots 32 provided in the tubular member 26. The
pin 31 is seated in holes 33 provided in the outer tubular member
27. The pin 31 is retained therein by a plastic shrink tube 34.
A scissors mechanism 41 is mounted on the distal extremity 22 and
consists of a nose 42 which is formed of two parts 42a and 42b. The
nose parts 42a and 42b are provided with spaced apart, annular
recesses 43 and 44, and are retained within the distal extremity of
the scissors 11 by having portions 26a and 26b of the inner tubular
member 26 crimped therein, as shown particularly in FIGS. 3 and
4.
The scissors mechanism 41 consists of first and second blades 46
and 47 having straight cutting edges 48 and 49. Means is provided
for pivotally interconnecting the first and second blades 46 and 47
to permit pivotal movement between open and closed positions and
for mounting the same in the nose 42 and consists of a pivot screw
51 could also be a rivet. The pivot screw 51 has its head 52
recessed within a hole 53 provided in the nose part 42a and has its
other end threaded into the nose part 42b. As shown in FIG. 3, the
blades 46 and 47 are curved slightly at their outer extremities in
a direction away from the axis of the tubular member 26 and lie
generally parallel to each other.
First and second linkage arms 56 and 57 are provided. Means is
provided for pivotally connecting one or the first end of the
linkage arm 56 to the first blade 46 and consists of a pin 58.
Means is also provided for connecting one or the first end of the
linkage rod 57 to the blade 47 and consists of a pin 59.
The surgical scissors 11 is provided with a push-pull rod 61
mounted within the inner tubular member 26 for rectilinear movement
therein. It is provided with a distal extremity 62 which is
slidably mounted in a bore 63 provided in the nose 42. Means is
provided for pivotally connecting the distal extremity 62 of the
push-pull rod 61 to the other or second ends of the linkage arms 56
and 57 and consists of a pin 66. The proximal extremity 67 of the
push-pull rod 61 is threaded, as shown, and is threaded into a
cylindrical member 68 (see FIG. 2) which is provided with a
screwdriver receiving notch 69 to permit the cylindrical member 68
to be threaded onto the proximal extremity 67 of the push-pull rod
61. The cylindrical member 68 is pivotally mounted on the pin 31
hereinbefore described.
Operation and use of the surgical scissors may now be briefly
described as follows. Let is be assumed that it is desired to
perform a cutting action in connection with an endoscopic or
laparoscopic procedure. Let it also be assumed that the surgical
scissors 11 has been placed in the hand-held device 12. Operation
of the trigger bar 14 will cause opening and closing of the scissor
blades 46 and 47 between the open and closed positions as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 4. The operation of the trigger bar causes rectilinear
movement of the push-pull rod 61 in the manner described in
co-pending application Ser. No. 07/806,666 filed Dec. 13, 1991. The
linkage arms 56 and 57 are configured in such a manner so that as
the push-pull rod 61 is pushed forwardly toward the distal
extremity, the toggle-type mechanism which is created by the
linkage arms 56 and 57 is moved to a substantially vertical
orientation as shown in FIG. 4 to cause the blades 46 and 47 to
move towards the closed position.
By utilizing such a toggle-type mechanism, it is possible to
achieve an optimum toggle mechanical advantage to create the
greatest cutting force as the blades approach the closed position.
The finest resolution of the scissors 11 is achieved as the toggle
mechanism reaches a substantially vertical position and as the
cutting blades 46 and 47 come to a closed position. As the optimum
mechanical action is being achieved, the push-pull rod as it nears
the end of its travel is travelling the greatest amount of distance
for the least amount of scissor blade travel. Since the optimum
mechanical advantage is achieved near the closed position of the
scissor blades 46 and 47, the physician or surgeon utilizing the
scissors achieves an "optimum feel" in a tactile sense while
operating the trigger bar 14. This makes it possible for the
physician or surgeon to readily perform progressive snipping of
tissue with the distal extremities of the blades 46 and 47. In this
way, the surgeon can progressively snip through tissue with great
precision and with a precise cutting action. The scissors of the
present invention makes this advantageous because the best
resolution of the scissors is up near the tip.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that there has been provided a
surgical scissors which performs very well in the hands of the
surgeon. Its cutting action is smooth and precise. In addition, the
scissors is robust so that it can withstand repeated use while
still performing precision cutting or snipping. The cutting blades
46 and 47 are provided with cutting edges which remain sharp. The
surgical scissors is of a type which can be utilized with hand-held
devices for use in endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures.
* * * * *