U.S. patent number 4,534,962 [Application Number 06/423,952] was granted by the patent office on 1985-08-13 for sodium bicarbonate suspension as deodorant product.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Colgate-Palmolive Company. Invention is credited to Frank W. Marschner.
United States Patent |
4,534,962 |
Marschner |
August 13, 1985 |
Sodium bicarbonate suspension as deodorant product
Abstract
A novel stable pituitous bicarbonate suspension in an
aqueous/alcoholic medium having a high alcohol content and a low
water content, with substantially no bicarbonate in solution,
containing hydroxyethyl cellulose as the essential suspending
agent, said alcohol content exceeding the upper solubility of
hydroxyethyl cellulose in said alcohol and the water content being
sufficient to prevent precipitation of said suspending agent and at
least 5% by weight; having utility in deodorant products such as
roll-ons, pumps and on substrates such as deodorant pads. The
concentration of sodium or potassium bicarbonate is preferably
high, about 10%, however 1-20% may be used. The alcohol utilized
herein is monohydric such as ethanol, methyl or isopropyl alcohol,
however, a polyhydric alcohol such as propylene glycol, glycerine
and/or polypropylene glycols may be partially substituted for the
monohydric alcohol. The bicarbonate suspensions have been found to
be less irritating to the body and dry faster than the bicarbonate
solutions because the bicarbonate is delivered as a powder to be
activated by body moisture.
Inventors: |
Marschner; Frank W. (Whitehouse
Station, NJ) |
Assignee: |
Colgate-Palmolive Company (New
York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
26915496 |
Appl.
No.: |
06/423,952 |
Filed: |
September 27, 1982 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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221093 |
Dec 29, 1980 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/65; 514/770;
514/781 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K
8/19 (20130101); A61K 8/731 (20130101); A61Q
15/00 (20130101); A61K 47/10 (20130101); A61K
47/38 (20130101); A61K 9/0014 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61K
47/10 (20060101); A61K 47/38 (20060101); A61K
007/32 (); A61K 047/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;424/65 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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968469 |
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Feb 1958 |
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DE |
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762847 |
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Apr 1934 |
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FR |
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1187607 |
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Mar 1959 |
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FR |
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1236071 |
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Jun 1960 |
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FR |
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406561 |
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Dec 1943 |
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IT |
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26987 |
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1912 |
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GB |
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908308 |
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Oct 1962 |
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GB |
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Other References
Pharmaceutical Formulas, 1947, vol. II, p. 152. .
Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, pp. 1705-1708, 1972. .
Amer. Perfumes & Cosmetics, 10/1963, vol. 78, pp. 95-97. .
Ash, A Formulary of Cosmetic Preparations, 1977, pp. 6, 11, 13, 14,
20, 24 and 25..
|
Primary Examiner: Ore; Dale R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sylvester; Herbert S. Grill; Murray
M. Blumenkopf; Norman
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 221,093, filed Dec.
29, 1980, now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. A fast-drying, stable viscous pituitous deodorant suspension
comprising about 1-20% alkali metal bicarbonate particles uniformly
suspended in a vehicle with substantially no bicarbonate in
solution, comprising a high alcohol content of lower aliphatic
monohydric alcohol and a low water content and hydroxyethyl
cellulose suspending agent in an amount above its alcohol
solubility and within the range of about 0.1-1%, said monohydric
alcohol content exceeding the upper solubility level for the water
soluble hydroxyethyl cellulose in said alcohol and within the range
of about 55-75%, and the water content being sufficient to prevent
precipitation of said suspending agent and at least 5%, if at least
10% polyhydric alcohol is also present in the suspension, and up to
about 25% by weight.
2. The composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the alkali
metal bicarbonate is micropulverized sodium bicarbonate.
3. The composition in accordance with claim 1, containing a
polyhydric alcohol in an amount not to exceed the monohydric
alcohol content and sufficient to prevent precipitation of the
suspending agent.
4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is
selected from the group consisting of glycerine, propylene glycol
and butylene glycol and polyglycols thereof.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the monohydric alcohol is
selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol and
isopropyl alcohol.
6. The composition of claim 1, containing non-volatile polar or
non-polar ingredients selected from the group consisting of
polyhydric alcohols and emollient oils.
7. The composition of claim 1, containing about 0.1-1% fumed silica
as an additional suspending agent.
8. The method of making the viscous pituitous suspension of claim
1, which comprises preparing a clear viscous aqueous or aqueous
alcoholic solution of hydroxyethyl cellulose heated to a
temperature of about 130.degree.-140.degree. F., mixing this heated
viscous solution with a monohydric alcoholic dispersion of the
bicarbonate until a viscous pituitous suspension is formed with the
bicarbonate particles uniformly suspended therein.
9. A method of deodorizing the human body comprising the
application and deposition of a film of the composition of claim 1
which is activated by the sweat secretions to release the
bicarbonate.
10. A method of deodorizing the human body comprising the
application and deposition of an invisible film of the composition
of claim 6 which is activated by the sweat secretions and controls
the release of the bicarbonate.
Description
The present invention relates to stable pituitous suspensions of
sodium or potassium bicarbonate in aqueous/predominantly alcoholic
media containing hydroxyethyl cellulose as the essential suspending
agent, having particular utility in personal care deodorant
products such as roll-ons, pumps, lotions and on various substrates
such as deodorant pads.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
Sodium bicarbonate has long been recognized for its deodorant
properties, and has commonly been used as a deodorant in
refrigerators. In addition, plain powdered sodium bicarbonate or
diluted with talc, cornstarch, rice-flour, or other filler has been
used as an underarm deodorant as disclosed in the Journal of
Investigative Dermatology Vol. 71946 pages 131-133 and U.S. Pat.
No. 279,195 and No. 1,558,405.
Aqueous ethanol solutions of sodium or potassium bicarbonate as
deodorant products have also been disclosed in British Pat. No.
1,553,739. Although said bicarbonate solutions are efficacious
deodorants, underarm irritation has been observed at the 10% level
of potassium bicarbonate. It has also been found that aqueous or
aqueous/alcoholic sodium bicarbonate solutions are pH unstable.
Aging studies have shown that the bicarbonate in solution breaks
down liberating CO.sub.2 and gradually converts into sodium
carbonate (a known skin irritant). Bicarbonate solutions also have
solubility limitations. Proportionately larger amounts of water are
required for higher bicarbonate levels. Consequently less alcohol
is permitted which results in wetter, slower drying products. Also,
the preparation of sodium bicarbonate solutions above 6.9% are
impossible due to its limited water solubility.
The prior art also discloses aerosol suspensions, dispensed via a
pressurized container, containing sodium bicarbonate slurried with
propellants in a 50:50 mixture in U.S. Pat. No. 2,959,225; and
alkali metal bicarbonate in a 0.3 to 15% propellant-soluble vehicle
such as ethanol with about 90% propellant in British Pat. No.
1,476,117. The difficulties and disadvantages encountered with
aerosol suspensions of sodium or potassium bicarbonate discussed in
aforesaid patents, include the settling and/or agglomeration of the
dry particles, clogging of the dispensing nozzle, non-uniform spray
of deodorant material, nonadherence of the bicarbonate deodorant to
the sprayed area due to the bounce-off of said dry powder and/or
too wet a spray resulting in too long a drying time, in addition to
being detrimental to the environment.
Cosmetic sticks containing antiperspirants and/or sodium
bicarbonate suspended in a solid vehicle of a water-insoluble
alcohol, such as cetyl alcohol and a silicone oil, is disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,679. The difficulty of using sodium bicarbonate
in this stick is due to its decomposition into sodium carbonate at
relatively low temperatures as clearly shown in this patent.
However, there is no disclosure of a stable pituitous sodium or
potassium bicarbonate suspension in an alcoholic aqueous media
containing hydroxyethyl cellulose as the essential suspending
agent, which requires usually no shaking prior to use, which
substantially differs from the prior art aqueous or aqueous
alcoholic solutions, aerosol suspensions and solid stick
suspensions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The primary object of the invention is to solve existing
disadvantages by providing a novel stable alcoholic aqueous
pituitous bicarbonate suspension containing hydroxyethyl cellulose
as the essential suspending agent which maintains said bicarbonate
particles uniformly dispersed and suspended in said high alcohol,
low water content media, and requires little or no shaking prior to
use.
Another object of this invention is to provide a more efficacious
and fast drying deodorant product containing high alcohol and high
bicarbonate levels.
Still another object of this invention is to provide deodorant
products which are less irritating to the body.
Another object of this invention is to deliver the sodium or
potassium bicarbonate as a powder to be activated by body
moisture.
Additional objects, advantages and novel features of the invention
will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in
part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon
examination of the following or may be learned by practice of the
invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be
realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and
combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
To achieve the foregoing and other objects and in accordance with
the present invention, as embodied and broadly described herein,
the deodorant product of this invention comprises a fast drying,
non-sticky, low irritating alkali metal bicarbonate pituitous
suspension in a vehicle comprising at least about 50% lower
aliphatic monohydric alcohol, at least about 5% and up to about 25%
water and hydroxyethyl cellulose as the essential suspending
agent.
More specifically, present invention relates to stable pituitous
suspensions of about 1-20% and preferably at least 5% sodium or
potassium bicarbonate suspended in an alcoholic/aqueous media with
essentially little or no bicarbonate in solution. This combination
of high bicarbonate and high alcohol levels results in very
effective fast drying non-irritating deodorant products. Said
deodorant products evaporate rapidly leaving either a white (Baking
Soda) residue or invisible film on the skin. The latter is achieved
by adding non volatile polar or non-polar ingredients to the
formula such as polyhydric alcohols or emollient oils.
It has been found that alcoholic/aqueous bicarbonate suspensions
are highly desirable in aesthetics and superior to bicarbonate
solutions. Bicarbonate solutions have been observed to cause skin
irritation whereas bicarbonate suspensions are essentially
non-irritating to the armpit. It has been discovered that aqueous
or aqueous/alcoholic Sodium Bicarbonate solutions are pH unstable
in aging studies. Bicarbonate in solution breaks down liberating
CO.sub.2 and gradually converts into sodium carbonate (a known skin
irritant). Alcoholic/aqueous bicarbonate suspensions on the other
hand are pH stable thus explaining the non-irritating properties of
this type product. It is also believed that Bicarbonate powder in
suspension products can be control released by the addition of
water insoluble ingredients which form a more water resistant film
on dryout. This type of controlled release can further reduce the
risk of skin irritation which cannot be achieved with
aqueous/alcoholic bicarbonate solutions.
Skin irritation problems experienced with bicarbonate solutions can
be explained as bicarbonate instability and its conversion into an
irritating carbonate salt. Three products were made using 5% sodium
bicarbonate as follows and examined for pH over a short aging
period at 120.degree. F.
______________________________________ A B C Water Water/Alcohol
Alcohol/Water Soln. Soln. Suspension
______________________________________ Distilled Water 95.0 80.0
15.0 Sodium Bicarbonate 5.0 5.0 5.0 SD 40 Ethanol -- 15.0 79.6
Hydroxyethyl -- -- 0.4 Cellulose 100.0 100.0 100.00 pH (1:9 Parts
Distilled Water) Initial pH 8.6 8.7 8.62 (After Making) 4 days at
120.degree. F. 9.5 9.5 8.6 17 days at 120.degree. F. 9.9 9.9 8.6
______________________________________
pH data shows the instability of both bicarbonate solutions and the
superior stability of the suspension product. Bicarbonate in
solution gradually releases CO.sub.2 and converts into the higher
alkaline irritating carbonate salt.
Formula (b) British Patent Specification No. 1,553,739 likewise
showed pH instability at 120.degree. F. and at ambient
temperature.
______________________________________ Natrosol 250 HR
(hydroxyethyl 4.0 cellulose) Procetyl AWS (propoxylated 3.0 cetyl
alcohol) Sodium Bicarbonate 1.0 Ethanol (SD 40) 45.0 Distilled
Water 47.0 100.0 pH (1:10 Parts Distilled Water) Initial pH (after
making) 8.8 124 hours later -- Ambient Temperature 9.4 120.degree.
F. 9.95 ______________________________________
Accordingly, an alcoholic/aqueous bicarbonate suspension deodorant
offers many advantages and are unexpectedly superior to a
bicarbonate solution deodorant product as evidenced by pH
stability, non-irritating to the skin, fast drying properties,
maximum deodorant protection and unlimited bicarbonate levels.
Unlike bicarbonate solutions, bicarbonate in a suspension product
is released by sweat secretion and the addition of water insoluble
ingredients can further control and retard the release of
bicarbonate under the armpit. In addition, a smooth, dry (talcum
type) powder feel or smooth, non-gritty invisible film (with
emollients) or white film (bicarbonate alone) is left on the
skin.
The alcoholic/aqueous bicarbonate suspensions of this invention
require a suspending agent, otherwise bicarbonate particles will
settle and cake at the bottom of the container and cannot be
adequately dispersed with shaking. Compounds used principally for
thickening would slow down the settling rate, but offer no solution
against compacting. Moreover, thickeners would in fact restrict the
shaking motion for uniform particle redistribution. Suspending
agents when used effectively prevent compacting of the bicarbonate
particles and permit a uniform dispersion when shaken. The ideal
suspension is one which requires essentially no shaking and where
the particles remain uniformly suspended as exemplified in this
invention.
Stable aqueous/alcoholic suspensions are usually difficult to
prepare. An organoclay mineral product has been successfully
employed in making bicarbonate suspensions, but the products
usually require vigorous shaking before use.
However, it has been found that hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is a
water soluble polymer, provides unique suspending properties to
alkali metal bicarbonate in aqueous/high alcohol media. Although,
hydroxyethyl cellulose is normally considered a thickener for
aqueous type systems, it has been found to have unusual suspending
properties in high alcohol/aqueous systems. Such suspensions are
stringy and pituitous and offer superb suspending properties. This
suspending agent gives exceptionally stable pituitous suspensions
with no bicarbonate segregation after two weeks at 40.degree. F.,
ambient or 110.degree. F. temperature conditions, and require no
shaking before use. This unexpected property of forming a stable
pituitous bicarbonate suspension in a high alcohol/low water
containing media is not possessed by other cellulosic derivatives
such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,
hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (Methocel) and other water soluble
polymers.
In addition to the hydroxyethyl cellulose which is the essential
suspending agent, it may be optionally desirable to use fumed
silica (Cab-O-Sil) in combination with the hydroxyethyl cellulose.
The hydroxyethyl cellulose per se constitutes about 0.1-1% and the
fumed silica constitutes about 0.1-1%, and the total amount is
preferably about 0.9-2% by weight of the total composition.
The alkali metal bicarbonate suspended in the alcoholic/aqueous
vehicle will generally be sodium bicarbonate or potassium
bicarbonate. It has been found that high levels of bicarbonate, in
excess of 6.9% can not be readily dissolved in an aqueous/alcoholic
media. However, because of the desirability of higher levels of
bicarbonate, suspensions thereof with the aid of suitable
suspending agents can be formulated into stable alcoholic/aqueous
media. It is preferable to use micropulverized sodium or potassium
bicarbonate powder, having a particle size of about 5 to 100
microns and preferably 10 to 25 microns. The smaller the particles,
the easier it is to suspend in the vehicle, and the resultant
product affords a non-gritty, smooth feel upon application to the
skin. However, encapsulated bicarbonate powder either straight or
in liquid or solid suspension may also be utilized. Although,
bicarbonate suspensions have essentially no concentration
limitations and can be used at any efficacious level desired, about
1-20% alkali metal bicarbonate is used and preferably 5-10% by
weight.
Other deodorant ingredients such as zinc ricinoleate can be
combined with the alkali metal bicarbonate, either in solution or
in suspended form.
The vehicle into which the bicarbonate is suspended comprises an
alcoholic aqueous media, said alcohol being a monohydric alcohol
which is a lower alkanol such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or
methanol. Polyhydric alcohols can be partially substituted for the
monohydric alcohol, not to exceed the monohydric alcohol content.
Suitable polyhydric alcohols include glycerine, propylene glycol
and butylene glycol and polyglycols thereof. The monohydric alcohol
content such as ethanol must exceed the upper solubility level for
the water soluble polymer hydroxyethyl cellulose, in ethanol. The
reported upper solubility level of this water soluble polymer in
ethanol is 70%. Below this level and within normal soluble use
ranges, a uniformly viscous liquid is obtained which pours evenly.
Although, it appears aesthetically desirable, it will not support
suspended powder and segregation occurs. However, at ethanol
concentrations above its solubility range, the polymer becomes less
soluble and forms the desired pituitous type liquid. If ethanol is
further increased resulting in very low water levels the polymer
will precipitate out and its suspending properties are again lost.
Accordingly, a 70:30 ratio of ethanol:water is optimum. However, it
was found that this problem can be eliminated by the sufficient
addition of a polyhydric alcohol such as propylene glycol or
glycerine. Accordingly, it has been found that the monohydric
alcohol constitutes about 55-75%; and the water content may be as
low as 5% if at least 10% polyhydric alcohol is also present in the
suspension. The combined water and polyhydric alcohol content is at
least about 15% and may be up to about 30%, whereas the water
content per se may be up to about 25%. Thus, it is apparent that
the proportions of monohydric alcohol, water and polyhydric alcohol
are interdependent.
Bicarbonate suspension products have essentially no concentration
limitations and can be used at any efficacious level desired.
However, suspensions do have water limitations and require higher
alcohol to water ratios to salt out the bicarbonate and prevent its
solubility which would otherwise lead to bicarbonate
instability.
The bicarbonate suspension deodorant products may also contain
non-volatile polar or non-polar ingredients to effect the
deposition of a dry, non-sticky invisible film on the skin upon
evaporation, rather than a white bicarbonate residue. Said
non-volatile agents include polyhydric alcohols such as glycerine,
propylene glycol and butylene glycol and polyglycols thereof, and
emollient oils, such as wheat germ oil, and any other alcohol
soluble oils including isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate,
other fatty esters, fatty amides, fatty alcohols, fatty ethers such
as stearyl ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohols and acids. The amount
of emollient present is minor, about 1-5%. It has been found that
the presence of minor amounts of lipophilic agents such as oils,
silicone, lecithin and waxes and/or water insoluble resins and
polymers in this deodorant suspension product will control
bicarbonate release under the armpit. It has been observed that the
bicarbonate roll-on deodorant suspension containing the wheat germ
oils and the stearyl ether oils form a water resistant film when
dry which may explain the gradual release of bicarbonate under the
armpit and reduce the risk of skin irritance. Test results have
shown that most of the bicarbonate is released within 15 minutes
with increasing amounts over 1 hour and 61/2 hour periods showing
time release characteristic of the dry film.
In addition to the essential components of the present composition,
one may also include therein minor amounts of components such as
perfumes, coloring agents, ultraviolet absorbers to enhance the
color, and the like, so as to improve the aesthetic value and
consumer acceptability. Salts or pH buffering agents can be
dissolved or suspended in the bicarbonate alcoholic/aqueous
suspension product if desired. Minor amounts of other ingredients
which do not adversely affect the beneficial properties of instant
composition may also be included.
Known bacteriostats may also be added, although the bicarbonate
suspension is effective as a deodorant without the use of added
bacteriostats.
The bicarbonate suspensions of present invention have found utility
in personal care deodorant products, such as roll-ons, pumps, on
substrates such as deodorant pads, foot and body lotions.
The method of making the stable pituitous bicarbonate suspensions
of instant invention generally comprises combining a heated aqueous
or aqueous/monohydric or polyhydric alcohol mixture containing
hydroxyethyl cellulose suspending agent with a monohydric alcoholic
dispersion of alkali metal bicarbonate which may contain a second
suspending agent, and mixing until a thick stable pituitous,
stringy suspension is formed. More specifically, a clear Part 1
viscous solution of hydroxyethyl cellulose is prepared by heating
and mixing with water or a water containing mixture of monohydric
or polyhydric alcohol to a temperature of about
130.degree.-140.degree. F. A Part 2 preferably homogenized
dispersion of alkali metal bicarbonate in a monohydric alcohol with
or without a suspending agent is added with mixing to Part 1
viscous mixture to form a thick uniform, pituitous, stringy
suspension wherein the solid particles of bicarbonate are uniformly
suspended and remain in suspension. The perfume, colorants,
emollients and other optional ingredients may be added to the
alcoholic bicarbonate dispersion prior to its addition to the
aqueous/alcoholic viscous hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, or
subsequent thereto. The final suspension as well as each of the two
dispersions independently, is preferably homogenized to effect a
homogeneous final thick, pituitous suspension product.
Another method of making the stable pituitous bicarbonate
suspensions comprises the sequential addition of the ingredients to
a heated solution (about 140.degree. F.) of water and alcohol, with
agitation and/or homogenization. More specifically, the
hydroxyethyl cellulose is added to the warm aqueous/alcoholic
solution, followed by the monohydric alcohol followed by another
suspending agent is desired, followed by the bicarbonate, followed
by the perfume, color and any other optional ingredient. This
method yields a thinner suspension than when utilizing the
aforementioned two part method. Either method however, requires the
initial preparation of a viscous aqueous containing hydroxyethyl
cellulose solution prior to the addition of final amounts of
monohydric alcohol. Accordingly, the order of addition and the
preparation methods are important in achieving the desired
pituitous suspension.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following specific examples are further illustrative of the
present invention, but it is understood that the invention is not
limited thereto. All amounts of various ingredients are by weight
unless otherwise specified.
EXAMPLES 1-4
______________________________________ 1 2 3 4
______________________________________ Part I Deionized Water 15.00
15.00 5.00 15.00 Propylene Glycol -- 10.00 10.00 -- SD 40 Ethanol
10.00 -- -- 15.00 Natrosol 250 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 HR.sup.(1) Part
II SD 40 Ethanol 63.15 60.65 70.65 56.10 Cab-O-Sil.sup.(2) 0.50
0.50 0.50 0.50 Sodium Bi- 10.00 10.00 10.00 5.00 carbonate
(Micropulverized) Zinc Ricinoleate -- -- -- 5.00 Part III Perfume
0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 FD & C Green 0.30 0.30 0.30 -- No. 3 (.1%)
D & C Green 0.15 0.15 0.15 -- No. 8 (2.75%) Arlemol E.sup.(3)
-- 1.50 1.50 1.50 Wickenol 535.sup.(4) -- 1.00 1.00 1.00 100.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 pH 1% aqueous 8.45 -- -- 7.8 Solution Appearance
Thick, Thick, Thick, Lotion-consis- viscous viscous viscous tency
pituit- pituitous pituitous pituitous ous suspen- suspension
suspen. suspen. sion ______________________________________
.sup.(1) Natrosol 250 HR: Hercules Inc., Hydroxyethyl Cellulose
.sup.(2) CabO-Sil: Cabot Corporation, Fumed Silica .sup.(3) Arlemol
E: I.C.I. American Inc., Polyoxypropylene Stearyl Ether .sup.(4)
Wickenol 535: Wickhen Products Inc., Wheat Germ Glycerides
Example 1 drys rapidly to a smooth dry non-sticky white powder on
the skin.
Examples 2, 3, 4 dry to a smooth dry non-sticky invisible film on
the skin.
All examples show no Baking Soda or liquid separation on standing
and require no shaking before use, and are non-irritating to the
skin.
Aging tests over a period of two weeks at room temperature,
40.degree. F. and 110.degree. F. showed no bicarbonate
segregation.
PREPARATION OF EXAMPLES
Step 1
Part 1 (all examples)
Disperse Natrosol in either Ethanol or Propylene Glycol. Add water
with constant mixing and heat to 130.degree.-140.degree. F. until a
uniform clear viscous solution is formed.
Step 2
Part 2 (Example 1-3)
Disperse Cab-O-Sil in alcohol and add Baking Soda gradually with
rapid mixing. Homogenize until uniform.
(Example 4)
Dissolve Zinc Ricinoleate in warm Ethanol. Add Baking Soda and
Cab-O-Sil and mix. Homogenize until uniform.
Step 3
Add Part 2 to Part 1 with mixing (thick pituitous stringy
suspension is formed).
Step 4
Part 3
Admix all ingredients with Parts 1 and 2. Homogenize mixture into a
thick uniform pituitous suspension.
EXAMPLE 5
______________________________________ Ingredient %
______________________________________ Propylene Glycol 10.0
Bentone Lt.sup.(1) 0.5 Deionized Water 15.0 Sodium Bicarbonate
Micropulverized 10.0 SD 40 Ethanol 64.5 100.0
______________________________________ .sup.(1) Bentone LT: NL
Industries Gellant is an organoclay material product designed for
low molecular weight polar solvent/water systems and 100% water
systems. It is a combination of hydroxyethyl cellulose and
bentonite clay.
This example also forms a good uniform pituitous suspension since
Bentone LT is a combination of hydroxyethyl cellulose and bentonite
clay. This example shows the specificity of this specific
suspending agent in the formation of a stable pituitous viscous
suspension in accordance with the present invention.
PREPARATION OF EXAMPLE 5
1. Disperse Bentone LT in Propylene Glycol
2. Add water, mix and heat to 130.degree.-140.degree. F. until
uniformly viscous.
3. Add Baking Soda--mix continuously.
4. Add alcohol, mix completely until uniform and homogenize.
EXAMPLE 6
Example 2 is repeated except that the stearyl ether and wheat germ
glycerides are omitted and the ethanol content is increased to
63.15%. This product yields a stable uniform pituitous suspension
of high viscosity from which the bicarbonate particles do not
separate out upon standing but remain in suspension. This product,
used in a roll-on container with a one-inch ball, gave good
delivery and fast drying properties to form an invisible film on
the skin.
EXAMPLES 7 AND 8
______________________________________ Ingredient Example 7 Example
8 ______________________________________ Water 37.65 37.65
Propylene Glycol 10.0 10.0 Natrosol 250 HR 0.4 0.9 Ethanol 37.65
37.65 NaHCO.sub.3 Micropulverized 10.0 10.0 Cab-O-Sil 0.5 -- FDC
Blue No. 1 (.1%) 0.3 0.3 Perfume 0.5 0.5 D & C Yellow No. 11
(.1% 3.0 3.0 alcohol) 100.0 100.0 Appearance Not stringy in Very
viscous consistency not stringy Bicarbonate sep- Unstable arated
overnight suspension ______________________________________
These examples were prepared in accordance with the procedure
defined in examples 1-3.
These suspensions are not pituitous and not stringy due to the high
water content and low ethanol content despite the increased amount
of hydroxyethyl cellulose suspending agent. Likewise, the addition
of a second suspending agent did not overcome the inability to form
a stable pituitous, stringy suspension.
These examples particularly point out the importance of a high
alcohol and low water content in order to obtain a stable stringy
suspension.
EXAMPLE 9
Example 2 is repeated except that the ethanol content is reduced to
60.40% and 0.05 Uvinul (ultraviolet absorber, 2,4 dihydroxy
benzophenone) is added and the colors are replaced by 0.35% FDC
Blue No. 1 (0.1% aqueous solution) and 0.3% D & C Yellow No. 10
(1.0% aqueous solution). This suspension is prepared in accordance
with the procedure of Example 2 except that the Arlemol and
Wickenol are preblended and heated and then added to the
combination of Part 1 and 2, followed by the addition of the
perfume, colors and brightener. This product is a viscous stable
pituitous, stringy suspension with fast drying properties.
EXAMPLE 10
______________________________________ Part 1 15.0 Distilled Water
10.0 Propylene Glycol 0.4 Natrosol 250 HR Part II 57.8 Ethanol 10.0
NaHCO.sub.3 Part III 1.0 Wickenol 1.5 Arlemol E 0.3 FDC Blue No. 1
3.0 D & C Yellow No. 11 0.5 Perfume 99.5
______________________________________
This composition is prepared in accordance with the procedure of
examples 1-3.
Natrosol alone provides the stringy characteristics for suspending
the Sodium Bicarbonate in the roll-on deodorant. The Cab-O-Sil of
Examples 1-4, 6 and 9 optionally assists in dispersing the
bicarbonate in the ethanol prior to its addition to Part I, but
does not affect the production of the stringy pituitous
suspension.
EXAMPLE 11
The composition of Example 10 was prepared in a sequential manner
so that the bicarbonate is added to the water prior to the
suspending agent as follows:
The water was added to the propylene glycol, followed by the
bicarbonate and then the hydroxyethyl cellulose suspending agent
and mixed. The alcohol is admixed followed by the Wickenol and
Arlemol oils, colorants and perfumes, and the total composition is
thoroughly mixed.
A curd type formation occurs due to the presence of lumps of
hydroxyethyl cellulose which requires additional mixing to effect
the stringy consistency in the suspension. This example shows that
it is preferable, but not absolutely necessary, to add the
bicarbonate to the water subsequent to the addition of the
hydroxyethyl cellulose suspending agent, more specifically, to the
clear viscous solution of hydroxyethyl cellulose in an
alcoholic/aqueous media.
Other polyhydric alcohols can be substituted for propylene glycol
in part or in total in the above Examples, such as glycerine,
polypropylene glycol, etc. Similarly the ethanol can be replaced by
other monohydric alcohols such as methanol or isopropyl alcohol.
Likewise, other emollients can be substituted for the wheat germ
glycerides and/or the polyoxypropylene stearyl ether such as
isopropyl myristate or palmitate or any alcohol soluble oil.
All of the alcoholic/aqueous pituitous suspensions containing the
bicarbonate have been found to be a highly effective deodorant, are
stable, non-irritating, faster drying and the bicarbonate is
delivered as a powder to be activated by the body moisture at the
area of contact, such as underarm, foot, hand and any other sweat
area. Potassium bicarbonate may be substituted for the sodium
bicarbonate in part or in total in the above examples.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated
with reference to specific examples, it is understood that
modifications and variations of composition and procedure are
contemplated within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *