U.S. patent number 4,342,943 [Application Number 06/085,822] was granted by the patent office on 1982-08-03 for p.sub.2 o.sub.5 -v.sub.2 o.sub.5 -pbo glass which reduces arcing in funnel portion of crt.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Owens-Illinois, Inc.. Invention is credited to Edward A. Weaver.
United States Patent |
4,342,943 |
Weaver |
August 3, 1982 |
P.sub.2 O.sub.5 -V.sub.2 O.sub.5 -PbO glass which reduces arcing in
funnel portion of CRT
Abstract
A glass composition is disclosed that is useful as a solder
glass for sealing components together. However, the glass is also
especially adapted for use as an electric resistance film for
coating the inner neck or funnel portions of a cathode ray tube to
reduce arcing. The glass composition includes primarily the oxides
of vanadium and phosphorous with the preferred addition of either
zinc oxide or lead oxide. Still other metal oxides may be
optionally included such as oxides of barium, antimony, lithium,
manganese, silicon, boron, molybdenum and mixtures thereof.
Inventors: |
Weaver; Edward A. (Toledo,
OH) |
Assignee: |
Owens-Illinois, Inc. (Toledo,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
22194175 |
Appl.
No.: |
06/085,822 |
Filed: |
October 17, 1979 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
313/479; 252/506;
252/519.5; 252/520.4; 501/20; 501/22; 501/24; 501/46; 501/47;
501/49; 501/74; 501/75 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C03C
8/24 (20130101); C03C 3/21 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C03C
3/12 (20060101); C03C 3/21 (20060101); C03C
8/24 (20060101); C03C 8/00 (20060101); C03C
003/10 (); H01J 031/00 (); C03C 003/16 (); H01B
001/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;106/47R,53 ;313/450,479
;427/64,72,279,284 ;252/518 ;501/46 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Other References
Rawson, H., Inorganic Glass-Forming Systems-Pub. Academic Press,
N.Y. (1967) p. 194 FIG. 88..
|
Primary Examiner: McCarthy; Helen M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Birchall; David R. Click; Myron E.
Wilson; David H.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a cathode ray tube having a neck portion and a funnel
portion, an electrically resistant film coating at least one of
said portions within the tube adapted to reduce arcing, said film
being a glass consisting essentially in weight percent of
approximately:
in which said glass composition has a softening point no higher
than about 475.degree. C., and an electrical resistance within the
range of about 100,000 ohms to about 100 megohms per square.
2. The cathode ray tube of claim 1 in which said glass composition
contains an additive oxide from 0% to about 15% by weight, said
additive oxide being an oxide of barium, antimony, lithium,
manganese, silicon, boron, molybdenum, and mixtures thereof.
3. The cathode ray tube of claim 1 in which said glass is
substantially completely vitreous.
4. The cathode ray tube of claim 1 in which said glass has a flow
ratio of at least 3.
5. The cathode ray tube of claim 1 in which at least one of said
portions contains a graphitic film to which said glass film is
applied.
6. The cathode ray tube of claim 1 in which said glass is
substantially water-soluble.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solder glass composition,
preferably vitreous, adapted to seal various components together,
such as sealing a glass surface to another surface including glass,
metal, ceramic, and like surfaces. However, the present glass is
especially suited for use as a resistive thin film in coating the
interior of cathode ray tubes to reduce or suppress arcing.
While glass surfaces may be sealed by applying sufficient heat to
adjoining surfaces to cause them to fuse together, the relatively
high temperatures which are necessary to achieve fusion create
conditions that are detrimental to the glass in that they may also
cause deformation as well as permanent stresses which, at a later
time, may result in breakage, either spontaneously or when the
glass is subjected to physical or thermal shock.
Moreover, fusion sealing is not practical when delicate or
sensitive materials are in relatively close proximity to the
surfaces being joined, since the high temperatures may adversely
affect such materials. One example is in the assembly of a cathode
ray tube when a cathodoluminescent surface is deposited on the face
plate of the tube and a cathode ray electronic gun is assembled
within the funnel portion of the tube. The peripheral edge of the
face plate is then placed in juxtaposition with the peripheral edge
of the funnel and the edges are sealed together. If the seal is
formed by subjecting the adjoining glass surfaces to a temperature
sufficient to fuse the glass, such a temperature may adversely
affect the cathodoluminescent surface.
To avoid the problems of fusion sealing, soldering galsses are used
having a softening point considerably lower than the sealing
temperatures of glass surfaces to be united. In this manner the
surfaces are safely subjected to a much lower temperature that need
be only sufficient to cause the solder glass to soften and flow
into the space between the surfaces to form a durable seal between
them upon cooling without detrimentally affecting adjoining parts.
Preferably, the solder glass has a softening point which is
comfortably within the temperature range in which other components
of a product, such as a cathode ray tube, are assembled and fixed
in position.
Another problem peculiar to cathode ray tubes is arcing within the
tube. Arcing occurs in the electron gun area of a cathode ray tube
and can damage both the electron gun and the electronic circuitry
which is responsible for the operation of the gun. The problem
becomes potentially more serious in view of the trend toward the
use of higher operating potentials, up to 30 kv, to enhance the
brightness of the picture. Contaminants within a cathode ray tube
and especially particulate contaminants can cause arcing. For
example, in one practice a highly conductive graphite film is
deposited on the tube funnel. If the film does not have adequate
scratch resistance and adhesion characteristics, particles of the
film may break loose, contaminate the tube, and introduce arcing.
Further, contamination can also occur from normal manufacturing
procedures and from normal use.
It has been proposed to apply a resistive thin film on the inside
of a cathode ray tube. U.S. Pat. No. 3,355,617 to Schwartz et al
forms such a film comprised of iron and manganese oxide.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,444 to Killichowski discloses depositing a
resistive thin film on internal surfaces of a cathode ray tube by
pyrolysis of a liquid mixture of colloidal graphite and a heavy
metal resinate to produce a film which is a mixture of graphite and
the oxide of the metal. The metal resinate is a combination of tin
and antimony resinate.
For purposes of normal solder glass, it is usually preferable for
the glass to be controllably devitrified or crystallized.
Devitrifiable solder glasses do not have the capability of
re-softening at their original softening points after they have
once devitrified and the parts tend to stay in place because of
little vitreous flow. A devitrified solder glass also forms a
stronger seal than a vitreous one. However, in the resistive films
it has been found that vitreous films are preferable to crystalline
ones because devitrification is not needed and hard to control when
present. For instance very rapid devitrification produces poor flow
and poor adherence.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved solder
glass composition for sealing glasses to other surfaces. Another
object is to provide a glass especially adapted for performing an
electric resistive film on the interior of a cathode ray tube.
The present glasses are primarily ternary systems including the
oxides of vanadium and phosphorous and a further metal oxide which
may be either zinc oxide or lead oxide.
The glass composition may comprise in weight percent
approximately:
______________________________________ Vanadium Oxide 45% to 80%
Phosphorous Oxide 5% to 50% Metal Oxide 0% to 25%
______________________________________
in which the metal oxide is zinc oxide or lead oxide.
Although the glass compositions comprise primarily ternary systems
as indicated, other components may be present or tolerated. For
example, mixtures of zinc oxide and lead oxide within the range up
to 25% by weight may be used as the basic third ingredient to the
oxides of the vanadium and phosphorous. Or still other additional
metal oxides may be present in amounts insufficient to affect the
desirable properties of the glasses materially or adversely. Such
other metal oxides may include the oxides of barium, antimony,
lithium, manganese, silicon, boron, molybdenum, and mixtures
thereof.
Glasses of the present invention have a softening point no higher
than about 475.degree. C. and an electrical resistance within the
range of about 100,000 ohms to about 100 megohms per square.
The glass may be used in the usual manner of solder glasses but
finds most useful application of an electric resistive thin film in
coating interior surfaces of a cathode ray tube, such as the neck
or funnel portions of the tube.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Compositions illustrating the present glasses, their preparation
and use, are described, followed by specific examples of glass
compositions and their pertinent physical properties.
Glasses of the invention have a general composition comprising in
weight percent approximately:
______________________________________ Vanadium Oxide 45% to 80%
Phosphorous Oxide 5% to 50% Metal Oxide 0% to 25%
______________________________________
in which the metal oxide is zinc oxide, lead oxide, or mixtures
thereof. Zinc oxide is preferred.
A more desirable range comprises in weight percent
approximately:
______________________________________ V.sub.2 O.sub.5 50% to 75%
P.sub.2 O.sub.5 15% to 40% Metal Oxide 5% to 20%
______________________________________
in which the metal oxide again is zinc oxide, lead oxide, or
mixtures thereof.
While the instant glasses are, accordingly, substantially ternary
systems, still other components may be present either as additives
to vary the glass properties or as impurities introduced from the
principal components or from still other sources. The composition
of such other components is not at all critical as long as they, in
combination with their percentage content, do not materially or
significantly adversely affect the desired properties of the
resulting glasses. For instance, small proportions of the usual
colorant oxides are generally harmless.
Other oxides which may be added to vary the glass properties or
which may be present from other sources include the oxides of
barium, antimony, lithium, manganese, silicon, boron, molybdenum,
and mixtures thereof. As a rule, such additional components may be
present in amounts from 0% up to about 15% by weight of the
glass.
For example, boron oxide and molybdenum oxide improve the flow
properties of the fused glass. Barium oxide, boron oxide, and
silica tend to stabilize the glass. Barium oxide also retards
crystallization. Lithium oxide and antimony oxide adjust the
electrical resistivity of the glass.
A preferred glass composition of the present invention comprises in
weight percent approximately:
______________________________________ V.sub.2 O.sub.5 68% to 76%
P.sub.2 O.sub.5 15% to 22% ZnO 2% to 12% BaO 0% to 6%
______________________________________
The glasses are conventionally melted, quenched and ground to
particle size. More particularly, the indicated oxides, or
compounds which convert to such oxides under heat, are mixed as a
batch. The best mode is to use reagent grade V.sub.2 O.sub.5, ZnO,
Pb.sub.3 O.sub.4 and 85% phosphoric acid. Batches can be prepared
by adding the acid to the premixed powders and then allowing the
mixture to stand for a time to react the acid thoroughly with the
oxides. This produces a batch which handles more like a
conventional dry glass batch. The batches may be melted, for
example at about 1100.degree. C. for 10 to 20 minutes, and then
quenched into thin chips between steel plates. The chips are
conventionally ground into powder, for instance, to a particle size
passing 200 to 325 mesh U.S. Standard sieve.
The present glass compositions can be used as sealing glasses for
assembling preformed parts. More particularly, the glasses can be
used for effecting seals between such parts as glass-to-glass,
glass-to-metal, and the like. The sealing or solder glasses can be
applied by both conventional hot or cold techniques. In one
technique, glass particles are mixed with a suitable carrier or
vehicle to form a paste-like mixture. One vehicle which may be used
comprises from about one to three weight percent of nitrocellulose
in amyl acetate. Other organic binders and vehicles may be employed
as known in the art, provided they readily burn off or volatilize
during the heating of the sealing process.
The glass particle-vehicle paste may be applied by known techniques
such as by a spatula, brush, doctor blade, and the like. The
sealing glass may also be used in bead form and the sealing
effected by a gas-oxygen flame or the like. Alternatively, at least
one of the surfaces of the parts to be sealed can be coated with
sealing glass particles, the parts assembled, dried and sealed in
an oven, and finally cooled to room temperature.
In the more usual soldering or sealing operation, a slurry of the
glass particles in an organic vehicle is brushed onto one or both
of the surfaces of the parts to be sealed. The parts are then
placed in contact with each other and subjected to a temperature
above the softening point of the sealing glass, causing it to flow
and wet the surfaces while volatilizing the vehicle. Since this
temperature is below that which is damaging to the surfaces being
sealed, there is no distortion or deformation of the surfaces; nor
is there any collapse of a glass article, such as a glass envelope,
being sealed. The sealing temperature is maintained for a
sufficient period of time to complete the softening and flow of the
solder glass and accomplish the desired seal. The sealed surfaces
are then cooled to ambient temperatures.
Referring specifically to coating the internal surfaces of a
cathode ray tube, the present glasses make excellent resistive,
semi-conductive films which conduct or drain a current or charge
away from the phosphor area of a face plate of a cathode ray tube.
The films also suppress arcing. More particularly, a paste of the
present glass particles in an organic vehicle is brushed onto inner
surfaces of a cathode ray tube, especially the neck and funnel
portions. The tube is then heated to evaporate the vehicle of the
paste and fuse the glass particles into a relatively thin
electrically resistant film. The heating may be carried out at
about 400.degree. C. to about 475.degree. C. for about 45 minutes
to about five hours. The thickness of the film is not critical and
may range, for example, from about 0.25 mil to about 3 mils.
The present glasses have physical properties which well adapt them
for the purposes indicated. For example, the glasses have a
softening temperature no higher than about 475.degree. C., and many
of the indicated compositions have a softening temperature no
higher than about 450.degree. C. Films of the glasses have
electrical resistivities necessary for limiting current or
suppressing arcing within the glass envelope of a cathode ray tube.
As expressed here and in the claims, the electric resistivity value
given is that for a film of the glass which has a thickness of one
mil and which has been fired at 440.degree. C. for 45 minutes.
Glasses of the present compositions may have electrical
resistivities under this test ranging from about 100,000 ohms to
about 100 megohms per square. More usually and preferably the
electrical resistivity is within the range of about 0.5 to 5
megohms per square with a preferred resistivity of about one megohm
per square. Resistance is substantially inversely proportional to
film thickness if bulk resistance is measured as contrasted with
surface resistance where resistance is proportional to the path
length.
Desirably, the resistivity is not so high as to leave the film
non-conducting. A semi-conducting film facilitates a drain of any
charge build-up which is another way of suppressing arcing.
While some compositions of the present glasses do devitrify and may
be used in a completely devitrified form, many of the compositions
do not devitrify and are vitreous or amorphous at ambient
temperatures. In general, the vitreous state is preferred for
resistive films to enable good flow and adherence of the film with
respect to a substrate. Also, if a sealing glass does not tend to
devitrify, the time within which the glass can be kept fluid at the
sealing temperature can be as long as needed and the operation need
not be accelerated for fear of devitrification of the glass. This
is an important consideration in the process of sealing cathode ray
tubes in which temperature differences across the tube may exist
during the sealing process. If the time allowed for sealing is too
short, part of the bulb may have the sealing glass undergo
devitrification, while another part of the bulb may have the
sealing glass still in a glassy or vitreous state. When a glass has
a tendency to devitrify, it is possible to have the glass
crystallized before it has had an opportunity to flow completely
and thoroughly wet the surfaces to be sealed.
Devitrification and therefore crystallization can also make the
glass more electroconducting than it might otherwise be.
Electroconductivity is also increased by increasing the
concentration of trivalent vanadium at the expense of pentavalent
vanadium, since there is electronic conductivity between the two
metal ions.
Another distinguishing property of the present glasses is that they
can be substantially water soluble due to the presence of both
vanadium and phosphorous. Those glasses containing zinc oxide are
more water soluble than those containing lead oxide. In one
instance, a chip of the present glass containing zinc oxide was
completely dissolved or disintegrated in boiling water in less than
45 minutes. Water turned dark green almost immediately after five
grams of the chip sample were added to 100 grams of water. In
another instance, a chip of a present glass containing lead oxide
lost only about 4% of its weight under similar conditions.
A common practice in the fabrication of a cathode ray tube is to
coat neck or funnel portions with suspension of colloidal graphite
in water to deposit a conductive film. Such a suspension is sold
under the trademark "Aquadag". Not all after-applied materials are
compatible with the graphite film, but resistive films of the
present glasses can be used to cover selected parts of the graphite
film as may be desirable with little or no subsequent separation or
peeling problems. The preferred order is to apply the graphitic
carbon layer first and then apply the glass resistive film. While
for a given composition the resistance of the present glasses is
substantially the same whether they contain zinc oxide or lead
oxide, there is a tendency for the graphitic film to reduce the
lead oxide to lead and oxides of carbon. This does not occur with
the glasses containing zinc oxide and is another reason for
preferring glasses of the present system containing that oxide in
lieu of lead oxide.
Glasses of the invention also have excellent adherence to
substrates and flow properties as illustrated by data of the
following examples. Flow tests were conducted by first forming
glass chips from a smelted batch as previously described. The chips
were ground to pass 200 mesh U. S. Standard sieve, and the
resulting powder along with a small amount of amyl acetate and
nitrocellulose as a binder was pressed into pills measuring 0.110
inch in diameter and 0.110 in height. The pills were then heated at
various times and temperatures unsupported, and the resultant ratio
at the end of the test of the width to the height was used as a
measure of flow. A flow ratio of three for a particular time and
temperature is considered to be quite good. As used in the claims,
the term "flow ratio" is a ratio obtained by heating a described
pill at 400.degree. C. for 30 minutes.
The following examples only illustrate the invention and should not
be construed as imposing limitations on the claims. Percentages are
by weight unless otherwise indicated. The resistances given in the
tables were obtained after heating the subject films at 440.degree.
C. for 45 minutes.
EXAMPLES 1 THROUGH 19
Table A exemplifies 19 different glass compositions of the present
invention. The resistant values are given in megohms per square,
and the relative glassiness of the resulting films from the
compositions are indicated.
TABLE A
__________________________________________________________________________
GLASS COMPOSITIONS AND PROPERTIES (Percentages By Weight)
Resistance Glassy Example V.sub.2 O.sub.5 ZnO P.sub.2 O.sub.5
SiO.sub.2 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 BaO M.OMEGA./Sq. Nature
__________________________________________________________________________
1 70 10 20 -- -- -- 6.0 glassy 2 73 5 19 1 2 -- 10.0 glassy 3 74 5
18 1 2 -- 5.0 glassy 4 75 4 17 1 2 1 0.5 matt, soft 5 75 4 17 1 1 2
0.07 matt, soft 6 74 5 18 1 1 1 0.3 semi-glassy 7 75 5 17 1 2 --
1.0 matt 8 75 7 18 -- -- -- 0.8 glassy 9 75 23 2 -- -- -- 4.4
semi-glassy 10 73 5 20 -- -- 2 5.5 glassy 11 73 3 20 -- -- 4 7.0
glassy 12 73 1 20 -- -- 6 3.7 glassy 13 70 6.67 17.05 -- -- 6.28
0.02 matt 14 71 6.00 17.35 -- -- 5.65 0.04 matt 15 72 5.33 17.65 --
-- 5.02 0.03 matt 16 73 4.67 17.93 -- -- 4.40 2M glassy 17 74 4.00
18.23 -- -- 3.77 0.5 glassy 18 75 3.33 18.53 -- -- 3.14 0.2 glassy
19 74 2.15 19.25 -- -- 4.60 0.85 glassy
__________________________________________________________________________
The resistance of a given composition can be influenced by the
particle size distribution of the powdered glass.
EXAMPLES 20 THROUGH 34
Table B lists 15 additional glass compositions. These compositions
have softening temperatures no higher than 450.degree. C. The
densities are in grams per cubic centimeter.
TABLE B ______________________________________ LOW TEMPERATURE
SEALING GLASSES (Percentages By Weight) Ex- am- Den- ple V.sub.2
O.sub.5 PbO ZnO P.sub.2 O.sub.5 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 B.sub.2 O.sub.3
MoO.sub.3 sity ______________________________________ 20 70 10 --
20 -- -- -- -- 21 65 10 -- 20 5 -- -- -- 22 70 -- 5 25 -- -- -- --
23 65 -- 10 25 -- -- -- -- 24 75 -- 2 23 -- -- -- -- 25 75 -- -- 25
-- -- -- -- 26 75 5 -- 20 -- -- -- -- 27 70 5 -- 25 -- -- -- -- 28
65 10 -- 25 -- -- -- -- 29 65 15 -- 20 -- -- -- -- 30 72.5 -- 3.5
24 -- -- -- -- 31 70 -- 5 25 -- 1 -- 2.95 32 65 15 -- 20 -- 1 --
3.23 33 70 -- 5 25 -- -- 2 3.11 34 65 15 -- 20 -- -- 2 3.28
______________________________________
A flow ratio is a function of temperaure and time. When a pill of
the composition of Example 22 was heated at a sealing temperature
of 380.degree. C. for 30 minutes, it had a flow ratio of 1.425. But
when a pill of the same composition as Example 22 was heated at a
sealing temperature of 400.degree. C. for 30 minutes, it had a flow
ratio of 3.309. Similarly, when the composition of Example 23 was
heated at a sealing temperature of 380.degree. C., it had a flow
ratio of 1.778. But when a pill of the same composition of Example
23 was heated at a sealing temperature of 400.degree. C., it had a
flow ratio of 3.182.
EXAMPLES 35 THROUGH 44
Table C provides flow ratios and melting contact angles of glass
compositions of the present invention. The higher contact angles
indicate better wetting or coverage of the glass. A flow ratio of
at least three can be obtained with many glasses of the invention
at relatively low temperatures with sealing times of three to five
hours, or by sealing at 400.degree. C. for 30 minutes. However, for
a standard of comparison, the term "flow ratio" as used in the
claims is a ratio obtained by heating a pill at 400.degree. C. for
30 minutes.
TABLE C ______________________________________ GLASS FLOW RATIOS
w/h w/h .phi. .phi. 380.degree. C. 380.degree. C. 380.degree. C.
380.degree. C. Example 45 min. 16 hours 45 min. 45 hours
______________________________________ 35 1.71 3.2 95 115 36 1.40
5.3 <90 140 37 1.12 3.8 <90 120 38 1.52 3.33 <90 135 39
1.08 1.7 90* 90* 40 2.07 3.66 100* 120 41 1.05 2.5 90* 115 42 1.48
5.4 <90 140 43 1.33 1.43 <90 <90 44 1.31 1.32 <90
<90 ______________________________________ w/h = flow ratio
.phi. = melting angle * = approximate
EXAMPLES 45 THROUGH 51
Table D illustrates still further glass compositions falling within
the present invention. The compositions of Examples 45 and 46
include lithium oxide and antimony oxide, respectively. The
resistant values were determined on films measuring about two mills
in thickness and fired at 440.degree. C. for 45 minutes.
TABLE D
__________________________________________________________________________
RESISTIVE COMPOSITIONS AND PROPERTIES (Percentages By Weight) Film
Resistance Description Example V.sub.2 O.sub.5 ZnO PbO P.sub.2
O.sub.5 Li.sub.2 O Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 Per Square of Film
__________________________________________________________________________
45 70 14.5 -- 15 0.5 -- 32M lightly sintered 46 60 15.0 -- 20 -- 5
150k semi-gloss 47 75 5.0 -- 20 -- -- 1.3M hard and glossy 48 70
15.0 -- 15 -- -- 6M lightly sintered 49 70 -- 10 20 -- -- 4.4M
semi-gloss or matt 50 65 -- 15 20 -- -- 24M hard and glossy 51 75
-- 10 15 -- -- 60K hard and glossy
__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLES 52 THROUGH 77
Table E discloses additional examples of the present glass
compositions and introduces an evaluation of adherence of a film of
the glass to another control glass, such as that used to fabricate
the envelope of a cathode ray tube. Table E concerns glasses
containing zinc oxide. The adherence value was determined according
to an arbitrarily established scale, namely, a scale of one to five
as follows:
TABLE E ______________________________________ RESISTIVE FILM
COMPOSITIONS (V.sub.2 O.sub.5 --ZnO--P.sub.2 O.sub.5) (Percentages
By Weight) Resis- tance/ Example V.sub.2 O.sub.5 ZnO P.sub.2
O.sub.5 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 Adherence Square
______________________________________ 52 75 12.5 12.5 -- 1 100k
53* 70 14.5 15.0 -- 5 300k 54* 75 12.0 12.5 -- 3 240k 55 70 12.5
12.5 5 4 220k 56 65 15.0 20.0 -- 4 7M 57 60 15.0 20.0 5 5 300k 58
70 5.0 25.0 -- 5 11.8M 59 70 10.0 20.0 -- 5 1.1M 60 70 15.0 15.0 --
1 550k 61 70 20.0 10.0 -- 1 5M 62 65 10.0 25.0 -- 5 42M 63 69 10.0
20.0 1 5 890k 64 75 10.0 15.0 -- 1 400k 65 75 5.0 20.0 -- 5 600k 66
75 2.0 23.0 -- 5 2.1M 67 75 0 25.0 -- 5 3.6M 68 50 5.0 45.0 -- 1
45M 69 55 5.0 40.0 -- 2 70M 70 60 5.0 35.0 -- 3 75M 71 65 5.0 30.0
-- 4 40M ______________________________________ *Also contained
0.5% Li.sub.2 O Adherence Legend: 1. No sintering, no adherence 2.
Light sintering, no adherence 3. Medium sintering, light adherence
4. Medium flow, good adherence 5. Good flow, good adherence
Many of these compositions have an adherence rating of five and
electrical resistance within the range of 190,000 ohms to 11.8
megohms. These properties especially adapt the glasses for use as
resistive films for coating the inner surfaces of cathode ray
tubes.
Table F is similar to Table E except that the glasses contain lead
oxide instead of zinc oxide.
TABLE F ______________________________________ RESISTIVE FILM
COMPOSITIONS (V.sub.2 O.sub.5 --PbO--P.sub.2 O.sub.5) (Percentages
By Weight) Resistance/ Example V.sub.2 O.sub.5 PbO P.sub.2 O.sub.5
Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 Adherence Square
______________________________________ 72 80 10 10 -- 1-2 5M 73 75
10 10 5 2-3 75k 74 70 10 20 -- 5 190k 75 65 10 20 5 5 23M 76 60 10
30 -- -- -- 77 55 10 30 5 -- --
______________________________________
Although the foregoing discloses several embodiments of the present
invention, it is understood that the invention may be practiced in
still otherforms within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *