U.S. patent number 3,929,331 [Application Number 05/514,382] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-30 for exercise device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to E. Dale Mask, Ernest M. Mattox. Invention is credited to Jack D. Beeding.
United States Patent |
3,929,331 |
Beeding |
December 30, 1975 |
Exercise device
Abstract
An exercise device having a flexible line wound about a spool
and attached to a handle for pulling by an operator. A disc is
mounted in a facing relationship with the spool on an axle, and
spreading means are positioned between the disc and spool and
operate upon pulling of the handle to actuate a braking means and
apply a resistance to rotation of the spool in proportion to the
amount of pulling force applied to the handle. A rewind means
automatically rewinds the line about the spool, and a force
indicating means is provided. The spool and disc have opposed
indentations in their facing surfaces which increase in depth in
opposite directions about an arc on the surfaces, and spherical
spreading means are positioned within the indentations.
Inventors: |
Beeding; Jack D. (Rockford,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Mask; E. Dale (Milwaukee,
WI)
Mattox; Ernest M. (Independence, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
26998909 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/514,382 |
Filed: |
October 15, 1974 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
355554 |
Apr 30, 1973 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/116;
73/862.08; 482/91; 73/862.381; 482/909 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
21/4043 (20151001); A63B 21/015 (20130101); A63B
21/153 (20130101); A63B 21/157 (20130101); Y10S
482/909 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
21/012 (20060101); A63B 21/015 (20060101); A63B
21/00 (20060101); A63B 021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;73/379,380,381,135
;272/79R,83R,83A,DIG.3,DIG.5,79D ;128/25R ;192/93A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
625,607 |
|
Sep 1961 |
|
IT |
|
250,515 |
|
Dec 1969 |
|
SU |
|
Primary Examiner: Queisser; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Rasco; Marcus S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wolfe, Hubbard, Leydig, Voit &
Osann, Ltd.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO A RELATION APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of my application Ser. No.
355,554, filed Apr. 30, 1973, now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. In an exercising device, the combination of, a support, first
and second members disposed in face-to-face relation on said
support and mounted to rotate about a common axis, said members
being supported for relative rotation and for relative axial
movement, means connected to said first member and operable to
rotate said first member in one direction when moved manually
during the performance of an exercising operation, a series of
angularly spaced raceways formed in the opposing inboard faces of
said members and positioned such that the raceways of one member
are substantially alined with the raceways of the other member,
substantially spherical balls captivated within the alined raceways
and operable to rotate said second member in said one direction
while spreading said members axially during rotation of said first
member in said one direction, and a braking element mounted on said
support and frictionally engageable with the outboard face of one
member as an incident to such spreading thereby to retard rotation
of said members and resist movement of said manually operable
means.
2. An exercising device as defined in claim 1 in which the raceways
in said first member are curved substantially arcuately about said
axis and increase in depth upon progressing in said one direction,
the raceways in said second member also being curved substantially
arcuately about said axis but decreasing in depth in said one
direction whereby said balls spread said members axially only when
said first member is rotated in said one direction.
3. In an exercising device, the combination of, a support, first
and second members disposed in face-to-face relation on said
support and mounted to rotate about a common axis, means
captivating said first member from shifting axially away from said
second member, said second member being free to rotate relative to
said first member and also being free to shift axially away from
said first member, means connected to said first member and
operable to rotate said first member in one direction when moved
manually during the performance of an exercising operation, means
for rotating said second member in said one direction in response
to rotation of said first member in said one direction while
permitting limited relative rotation of said members and while
shifting said second member axially away from said first member as
an incident to such relative rotation, said last-mentioned means
leaving said members free to rotate in the opposite direction
without substantial axial shifting of said second member away from
said first member and comprising:
a. a series of raceways spaced angularly around the inboard face of
said first member, said raceways being curved substantially
arcuately about said axis and increasing in depth upon progressing
in said one direction,
b. a series of raceways spaced angularly around the inboard face of
said second member and disposed in substantial alinement with the
raceways in said first member, the raceways in said second member
also being curved substantially arcuately about said axis but
decreasing in depth upon progressing in said one direction, and
c. substantially spherical balls captivated within the alined
raceways,
and said exercising device further comprising a braking element
captivated on said support against axial movement away from said
second member and frictionally engageable with the outboard face of
said second member during axial shifting of the second member
thereby to retard rotation of said members in said one
direction.
4. In an exercising device, the combination of, first and second
members disposed in facing relation, said members being supported
for relative turning about a predetermined axis and also being
supported for relative bodily shifting, means operable to turn said
first member in one direction relative to said second member when
said means are moved manually during the performance of an
exercising operation, a series of raceways formed in the opposing
faces of said members and positioned such that the raceways of one
member are substantially alined with the raceways of the other
member, spreading devices captivated within the alined raceways and
operable to force said members apart when said first member is
turned relative to said second member in said one direction, and
braking means operable to automatically retard movement of said
manually movable means when said members are forced apart by said
spreading devices.
5. An exercising device as defined in claim 4 in which said
spreading devices comprise substantially spherical balls, the
raceways in said first member extending substantially arcuately
about said axis and increasing in depth upon progressing in said
one direction, the raceways in said second member also extending
substantially arcuately about said axis but decreasing in depth in
said one direction whereby said balls force said members apart only
when said first member is turned in said one direction relative to
said second member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
An exercise device that will resist a force applied to it in
proportion to the amount of the applied force is very desirable.
Such devices enable a person to exert maximum effort throughout a
range of motion, and are generally referred to as isokinetic
exercise devices.
Isokinetic exercise devices presently available include complex
motor driven machinery, used primarily in physical therapy and the
like. Such devices are far too expensive to be practical as a home
or office exercise device. Another presently available isokinetic
exercise apparatus is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,640,530. The
apparatus described therein has enjoyed considerable success, but
it is also quite complex and requires considerably maintenance for
satisfactory operation.
A need exists for an isokinetic exercise device that is simple and
durable, and which can be used in the home or office, or used as a
portable exercise device by a traveling person.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to this invention, an exercise device is provided which
applies variable resistance in proportion to the force exerted by
an operator throughout a range of movement. The device of this
invention utilizes a self-energizing braking means, described in
detail below, which produces a braking force directly proportional
to the force applied to the device. The self-energized braking
force results from a wedging action between a first movable braking
member and a second stationary braking member. The device of this
invention is simple, rugged, and reliable, and can be used
conveniently in a home, office or the like. The device is compact,
and can be conveniently taken along on business trips and
vacations.
The device of this invention comprises, in one of its forms, a
flexible line attached at one end to a handle and at the other end
to a spool. The line is wound upon the spool, which is rotatably
mounted on an axle supported by a framework. A coil spring rewind
mechanism allows for repetitive operation of the device.
The variable resistance is provided by a braking means which
resists the rotation of the spool by an amount proportional to the
force applied to the operating handle, thus enabling an operator to
carry out isokinetic exercises according to the individual
operator's strength capabilities.
The exercise device of this invention includes a disc mounted
adjacent to the spool, with the disc and spool having facing
surfaces with spreading means positioned therebetween within
indentations preferably in both the disc and spool surfaces. The
spacing means preferably are spherical balls, and the indentations
preferably increase in depth in at least one of the facing surfaces
about an arc.
When the spool is rotated, as by pulling on the flexible line, the
spreading means causes the disc and spool to move slightly apart
axially. The disc upon spreading apart contacts a braking surface,
thus providing a braking reaction to the disc and also to the spool
which rotates with the disc.
According to one aspect of the invention, a second disc also has
the braking force applied thereto. This second disc is mounted for
limited radial movement against a spring or the like such that the
amount of radial movement thereof is indicative of the amount of
force applied thereto. Through suitable linkage, this limited
radial movement actuates a force indicator. A coil type rewind
spring attached to the spool in a conventional manner returns the
spool to the starting position.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an assembly is
provided for use in a self-energized torque-responsive device, the
assembly including a pair of rotatable members mounted in an
adjacent, facing relationship with spreading means therebetween.
The spreading means are positioned within identations in the facing
surfaces, and the indentations increase in depth about an arc such
that the surfaces are urged apart upon rotation of a first one of
the members in a first direction, but are not urged apart upon
rotation of the first member in the other direction.
It is a primary object of this invention to provide an exercise
device that will apply a resistive force to movement of an
operating handle in proportion to the amount of force exerted on
the handle.
It is a further object to provide such an exercise device that is
simple, compact and reliable.
It is still a further object of the invention to provide an
assembly for use in a torque-responsive device.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a
self-energized torque-responsive exercise device.
That the above and other objects and advantages are obtained by the
present invention will be apparent from the following detailed
description of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an exercise device in
accordance with the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of FIG.
1, illustrating the interior of the device.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG.
2.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view, partially broken away, taken
along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view illustrating the arrangement
of parts of an assembly in accordance with one aspect of the
invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 6--6 of FIG.
4, with the spread-apart position of a disc shown in phantom.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in
detail with reference to the drawings. It will be apparent in many
instances that modifications to and variations of the exact
structure described could be utilized without departing from the
inventive concept.
An exercise device in accordance with the preferred embodiment of
the invention is shown generally at 10 in FIG. 1. The device 10
includes a housing 11 mounted on a support or base 12 which extends
on either side of the housing 11 as shown to provide a platform for
an opeator's feet during operation of the device. Alternatively,
the housing 11 could be permanently affixed to a floor or the like,
resulting in a permanent installation. An operating handle 13 is
shown attached to one end of a flexible line 14 which, in this
instance, comprises a manually operable means.
The internal workings of the device 11 are illustrated in FIGS. 2
through 4. A pair of supporting posts 15 and 16 extend upwardly
from the base 12 and support an axle 17 at their upper ends. A
first member which herein takes the form of a sheave or spool 18 is
rotatably mounted on axle 17 over bushing 19 (FIG. 3), and has a
groove 20 adapted to receive a plurality of windings of line 14 as
best seen in FIG. 2. The line 14 is attached to spool 18 by means
of an opening 21 drilled into groove 20 of spool 18 (FIG. 3). The
line 14 is inserted in the opening 21 and retained therein by means
of set screw 22.
A member or disc 23 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is rotatably mounted on axle 17
to the left of spool 18, and a second disc 24 is mounted for
limited rotational movement on axle 17 at the left of first disc
23. The reason for limiting the rotational movement of second disc
24, and the preferred manner of doing so, will be explained below.
Positioned between first disc 23 and second dis 24 are a pair of
friction plates 25 and 26. The number of friction plates could be
more or less than two, but preferably a pair of plates are
utilized.
A rewind spring 27 is attached at one end to spool 18 by pin 28
(FIG. 3) and at the other end to base 12 by eye 29. A spring
retainer plate 30 keeps the coils of spring 27 in vertical
alignment. A thrust bearing 31 (FIG. 3) is positioned at the right
edge of bushing 19, and retainer snap rings 32 and 33 retain first
disc 23, second disc 24, spool 18 and thrust bearing 31 on axle
17.
Located between adjacent facing surfaces of spool 18 and first disc
23 are a plurality of spreading means, illustrated as spherical
balls 34. The balls 34 are received within raceways or indentations
35 in the opposing surfaces of first disc 23 and spool 18. The
indentations 35 in accordance with the preferred embodiment
increase in depth along an arc (FIGS. 5 and 6) such that relative
rotation of disc 23 and spool 18 results in a spreading apart of
disc 23 and spool 18 as illustrated in phantom in FIG. 6. Thus, it
will be seen that upon pulling of handle 13, spool 18 will rotate,
resulting in an initial spreading apart of disc 23 and spool 18.
The spreading motion is limited by the retainer snap rings 32 and
33, however, so that after the spreading apart, the disc 23 will
rotate with spool 18 due to the driving connection provided by the
balls 34 in indentations 35.
As the disc 23 is moved axially away from spool 18, it will press
against friction plates 25 and 26, which in turn will press against
second disc 24. Since second disc 24 is not free to rotate, a
resultant retarding or braking force results against continued
rotation of spool 18. The disc 24 thus constitutes a braking
element. Due to the unique arrangement of elements, increased force
applied to line 14 results in increased braking force upon
continued rotation of spool 18, such that an operator can exert
maximum effort throughout the effective range of movement of handle
13, while the resulting braking force will prevent rapid unwinding
of line 14.
It will be apparent that the above described braking action could
be achieved if second disc 24 were rigidly affixed, but an
indication of the force being applied to handle 13 can be obtained
by mounting second disc 24 for limited rotational movement. The
details of the preferred manner of mounting second disc 24 will now
be described.
A first protuberance 36 terminating in a ball 37 (FIGS. 2 and 4)
extends radially outward from second disc 24. The ball 37 seats in
the upper end of a spiral spring 38 supported vertically from base
12 by post 39. Thus, rotation of spool 18 will result in a
rotational force being applied to second disc 24, and the rotation
of disc 24 will be limited by the spiral spring 38 such that disc
24 will only rotate a few degrees, depending on the compressive
strength of spring 38.
Extending from the top of disc 24 is a second protuberance 40,
which extends through a slot formed by arms 41 and 42 (FIG. 4)
extending horizontally from the depending arm portion 43 of an
indicator needle 44 pivotally secured to the top of housing 11 by a
bearing 45. It will be seen that as spool 18 is rotated the second
disc 24 will be urged against the spiral spring 38 and will move
slightly, with a resultant movement of needle 44 which is
proportional to the force exerted on handle 13. A scale 46 (FIG. 1)
calibrated in appropriate units of force indicates to the exerciser
how much force he is exerting throughout the range of movement of
handle 13. Upon relaxation of the force on handle 13, the braking
force is released or reduced, and the rewind spring 27 returns the
device to its starting position. During rewinding, the balls 34
withdraw to the deepest part of the indentations 35 (FIG. 6) such
that first disc 23 is not pressed against friction plates 25 and
26. The rewind spring 27 allows for rapid, repetitive exercise.
A device in accordance with the above described preferred
embodiment may have a carrying handle 47 for convenience in
transporting the device. The base 12 could be foldable to increase
compactness, if desired.
The operation of the device 10 is quite apparent from the above
description, but will be outlined briefly. An operator first
positions his feet on the portions of base 12 extending outward of
the housing 11. The operator then grips the handle 13 and pulls
upwardly, tending to unwind the line 14 from spool 18. A guide
means 48 (FIG. 2) serves to keep the windings of line 14 within the
groove 20 of spool 18. As line 14 unwinds from spool 18, first disc
23 is spread apart from spool 18 by the action of balls 34 in
indentations 35 between disc 23 and spool 18. First disc 23 then
presses against friction plates 25 and 26, which in turn press
against second disc 24, resulting in a radial force being applied
to second disc 24. Second disc 24 rotates only slightly due to the
restraining action of spring 38, and the slight rotation is
reflected in movement of indicating needle 44, which indicates to
the operator by means of scale 46 how much force is being applied
to the handle 13. Upon completion of the movement, the handle is
allowed to return to the starting position by action of rewind
spring 27, and the action is repeated as desired.
A more general aspect of the invention is the provision of a
torque-responsive clutch or braking device which is effective or
engaged during rotation of a first member in one direction, and
which is ineffective or disengaged during rotation of the member in
the other direction. This aspect of the invention is best
illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, which show a first member or spool 18
having a plurality of indentations 35 spaced arcuately on a surface
thereof. A second member or disc 23 also has a plurality of
indentations 35 spaced thereon, the indentations 35 on spool 18
being spaced to be opposite matching indentations on disc 23 when
the two elements are placed in a facing relationship (FIG. 5). The
indentations on both members increase in depth along an arc, and
when the spool 18 and disc 23 are in a facing relationship, the
indentations on the two elements increase in depth in opposite
directions, such that limited relative rotation of the two will
result in an axial spreading apart of the two as best illustrated
in FIG. 6. This spreading apart can be utilized to produce a
braking or clutching action in any of a number of ways, and limited
relative rotation of the two elements in the other direction will
be seen to allow for moving together of the two elements, with
resultant release of the braking or clutch action. The particular
assembly described could be utilized in numerous situations where a
releasable action is desired.
The above description of the preferred embodiments of the invention
is intended to illustrate the best known versions of the invention,
and such description is intended to be exemplary, rather than
limiting. It will be apparent that design variations could be made
within the true scope of the invention. For example, instead of the
spreading means being positioned between opposed faces of a disc
and spool, the spreading means could be positioned between
circumferential elements of the members and adapted to spread a
brake band against a drum. Also, instead of indentations with balls
therebetween, a similar action could be obtained by utilizing
projections from one or more members which would provide a
resistive force through a camming action, for example. The
invention could be readily adapted for use in a bench press device
or other type of exercise apparatus, in addition to the hand
operated version illustrated. Numerous other equivalent means could
be designed within the true scope of the invention, which is to be
defined by the appended claims.
* * * * *