U.S. patent number 3,927,881 [Application Number 05/471,760] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-23 for integrally formed projectile and hook-like fasteners.
Invention is credited to Allan M. Elfman, Jerome H. Lemelson.
United States Patent |
3,927,881 |
Lemelson , et al. |
December 23, 1975 |
Integrally formed projectile and hook-like fasteners
Abstract
Constructions are provided in missiles for use in target games
employing so called hooking materials or the like to retain the
missiles against the targets. In one form, the missile is in the
shape of a lightweight hollow ball, the outer surface of which is
substantially entirely covered with a hook or broken loop
filamentary material provided in a plurality of sheet-like
formations thereof. In another form, the missile is formed of a
molding having filamentary hook- or loop-like formations integrally
molded as part of the missile base. In yet another form, the
missile is formed of a lightweight plastic and hook-like formations
of filamentary material are propelled against an adhesive coating
the missile or a molten portion of the surface stratum thereof and
are embedded therein across substantially the entire surface of the
missile.
Inventors: |
Lemelson; Jerome H. (Metuchen,
NJ), Elfman; Allan M. (New York, NY) |
Family
ID: |
27030792 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/471,760 |
Filed: |
May 20, 1974 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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436045 |
Jan 24, 1974 |
3857566 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
473/573;
273/DIG.30; 428/100; 428/11; D21/713 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63F
9/0208 (20130101); F42B 6/003 (20130101); A63B
43/005 (20130101); A63F 2009/0239 (20130101); Y10S
273/30 (20130101); Y10T 428/24017 (20150115); A63B
2208/12 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63F
9/02 (20060101); A63B 43/00 (20060101); F42B
6/00 (20060101); F41J 3/00 (20060101); A63B
071/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/DIG.1
;273/16R,65R,65E,65ED,65EE,58R,58B,95R,12B,65EG ;272/57D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Assistant Examiner: Siskind; Marvin
Parent Case Text
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 436,045 now
U.S. Pat. No. 3,857,566 filed Jan. 24, 1974, and entitled Target
Game.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A missile for use in dart games and the like, which dart games
employ a target composed of a material having a surface defined by
a multitude of tiny plastic hook-like formations adapted to
releasably retain said missile thereagainst comprising:
a lightweight hollow body having a thin wall defining a convex
outer surface configuration and forming a self-supporting bulbous
enclosure of plastic,
a multitude of filamentary formations formed of the same plastic as
that which comprises said hollow body and integrally molded with
the wall of said hollow body,
said filamentary formations being cantilever supported by said
hollow body and protruding outwardly from said wall of said hollow
body with which they are molded,
each of said filamentary formations having a narrow shank which
extends upwardly and outwardly from said hollow body with which
said filamentary formations are molded,
the outer ends of each of said filamentary formations being formed
with a hook-like portion which extends laterally of the shank
thereof and backwardly in the direction of said wall of said hollow
body,
said filamentary formations defining a multitude of engaging
elements for the hook-like formations of the target material,
said filamentary formations molded integrally with the wall of said
missile being provided in sufficient number and distributed around
the surface of said wall of said missile in a manner to retain said
missile against the surface of said target containing said plastic
hook-like formations which it is directed against regardless of
which portion of said missile containing said filamentary
formations strikes said target.
2. A missile in accordance with claim 1 wherein said hollow body is
molded in the shape of a sphereoid.
3. A missile in accordance with claim 1 wherein said hollow body is
formed of a plurality of separate shell-like sections each
containing a multitude of said filamentary formations molded
integral with and protruding from the outer surfaces thereof and
each having peripheral edge portions which are joined together with
the edge portions of the others to form said hollow body.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to new and improved structures in missiles
particularly for use in safety type target games employing targets
constructed of pile materials defined by a multitude of fine,
filamentary hook-like formations across the surface thereof.
It is known in the art to provide target games formed of so called
hooking textile materials which form a part of a target and a
missile. Typical configurations and arrangements are illustrated in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,032,345 which employs fastening material known as
Velcro made by the American Velcro Corporation, New York, N.Y. Said
U.S. Pat. No. 3,032,345 defines in FIG. 5 thereof a ball-shaped
missile having its outer surface covered in part by a plurality of
circular patches of hooking material. It has been found that such a
missile employing spaced-apart patches of the fastening broken loop
or hooking material suffers a shortcoming in that, if the portions
of the ball or sphere which do not contain the hooking material
should engage the target, there is a possibility that the missile
will not be retained against the target or at least that portion of
the target which the ball strikes.
The instant invention employs structures in missiles of the type
defined in the U.S. Pat. No. 3,032,345, particularly ball or
spherically shaped missiles and has, as a primary object the
improvement in that substantially the entire exterior surface of
the ball or missile is covered with tiny, filamentary hook-like
formations which serve to retain the missile against the target
regardless of which portion thereof strikes the target. While the
hook-like formations covering the missile may be provided as
suitably shaped patches of hooking material, as set forth
hereafter, they may also comprise a multitude of tiny filamentary
hooks which are electrostatically shot into an adhesive or a molten
portion of the surface of the missile, or are integrally molded of
the material of the missile's surface stratum.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of this invention to provide
new and improved structures in safety darts and missiles for use in
target games.
Another object is to provide a safety dart in the form of a
spherically shaped member, having its outer surface substantially
entirely covered with filamentary, hook-like formations to permit
the missile to be retained against a target regardless of the
portion thereof which strikes the target.
Another object is to provide a missile for use in hooking material
target games which is light enough in weight such that it will not
easily bounce off and detach itself from a hooking material
target.
Another object is to provide improved methods for producing
missiles for use in safety target games.
With the above and such other objects in view as may hereafter more
fully appear, the invention consists of the novel constructions,
combinations and arrangements of parts as will be more fully
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but it is
to be understood that changes, variations and modifications may be
resorted to which fall within the scope of the invention as
claimed.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a hollow, lightweight plastic ball forming
a portion of one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of sheet-like hooking material
forming one of a plurality of similarly shaped patches of said
hooking material which may be bonded in edgewise abutment to the
surface of the ball of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an end view of the ball of FIG. 1 covered with a
plurality of patches of hooking material of the type illustrated in
FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a missile
showing the wall structure thereof as having a plurality of spiny,
filamentary formations integrally molded therein and protruding
outwardly therefrom;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a missile wall
having filamentary hook-shaped formations integrally molded with
and protruding outwardly from the outer surface of the wall;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a portion of a spherically shaped
target;
FIG. 7 is an end view of three of the missile portions illustrated
in FIG. 2 forming a ball or sphere thereof;
FIG. 8 is an edgewise view of a modified form of plastic sheet
material having a plurality of rows of hook-like formations molded
integral therein;
FIG. 9 is an end view with parts broken away for clarity of a
molding apparatus for forming the sheet material of FIG. 8 into a
semi-spherical shell-like member, two of which members may be edge
bonded or sealed together to form a ball thereof, and
FIG. 10 is a side view of a ball shaped missile made of two parts
molded by apparatus of the type shown in FIG. 9.
In FIG. 1 is shown a partially assembled missile 10 for use in
target games and the like and composed of a lightweight spherical
shell 11 in the form of a plastic molding such as a ping pong ball
or other suitably formed ball having a plurality of sections 12 of
sheet-like fastening material such as the previously described
Velcro material which may be provided in a number of different
forms, including a testile-like material which is die-cutable to
shape such as the shape illustrated in FIG. 2. Two sections 12A and
12B of such material are illustrated as bonded adjacent to each
other against the surface of the spherical ball 11 by means of a
suitable adhesive. In one form of the invention, the fastening
material may be configured as illustrated in FIG. 2 wherein ten
such configurations denoted 12A-12J are disposed in edgewise
abutment with each other and bonded to conform to the entire
surface of the hollow sphere 11 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
The section 12 illustrated in FIG. 2 contains a central portion 16
having curved side edges which taper at both ends towards apeces 14
and 15. Such a configuration of relatively stiff Velcro material
may be easily made to conform to the surface of the ball 11 without
warping or wrinkling and, together with the suitable number of
additional similarly shaped pieces, may be made to totally cover
the sphere or ball to provide a substantially spherically shaped
missile which will be easily retained against a target composed,
for example, of pile textile material as defined in U.S. Pat. No.
3.032,345 and having a surface defined by a multitude of tiny
filamentary hook-like formations for engaging the hooks or loops
protruding outwardly from the surfaces of the patches 12 of
fastening material.
In FIG. 4 is shown details of a configuration of the wall structure
of a modified form of missile which is composed of a sheet-like
shell portion 16 having integrally molded therewith and protruding
outwardly therefrom a plurality of spiny formations 17, preferably
of filamentary dimensions and varying from a few thousandths of an
inch in diameter to between 0.020" and 0.030" in diameter. In FIG.
5, the relatively straight filamentary formations 17 have their
upper shank portions 18 thermally deformed or molded to provide the
ends 19 thereof in hook-like configurations to permit the article
or missile defined by such material to engage in hooking assembly
with the described pile material composed of fine filamentary hook
or loop-like formations extending across its surface.
The surface configuration illustrated in FIG. 5 may be employed in
an injection or compression molding forming part of the missile
wherein the hook-like formations 19 are integrally molded with the
body of the missile and protrude outwardly therefrom to retain the
missile against a material such as a brushed polyamide pile having
its surface defined by a multitude of broken loops or hooks. In
FIG. 6, the molding 21 is in the shape of one-third of a sphere and
is configured such that, when it is assembled with two similarly
shaped configurations, the three will form a spherical shell having
its outer surface formed with molded hooks of the type shown in
FIG. 5. Notations 23 and 24 in FIG. 6 refer to the opposite edges
of the molding which abut with similarly configured edges of two
similar moldings as illustrated in FIG. 7, the three moldings being
defined by the notations 21A, 21B and 21C and being adhesively or
solvent bonded or welded together to form a spherically shaped
missile thereof having integrally molded hook-like formations 22
protruding outwardly from substantially all of the spherical
surface.
It is noted that the sphere 20 of FIG. 7 may be produced of
semi-spherical moldings or moldings of any suitable configuration
and number which may be assembled to form the spherically shaped
missile.
In FIG. 8 is shown a thermoplastic sheet material 30 having a base
portion 31 of substantially constant thickness and a multitude of
tiny spine-like filamentary formations integrally secured or molded
with the base sheet portion 31 and protruding outwardly therefrom.
The construction illustrated in FIG. 8 may be similar to that shown
in FIG. 5 wherein the base sheet formation and the filamentary hook
formations are integrally molded of the same thermoplastic material
which may comprise polyamides, high impact polystyrene, high
density polyethylene, or other suitable so called engineering
thermoplastic.
In FIG. 9 is shown an apparatus for forming part of a spherically
shaped missile from two portions of the material 30 of FIG. 8, each
of which portions has been thermally deformed to the shape of the
semi-spherical shell wherein two of such shells may be sealed
together along their rims or flanges to form a spherically shaped
missile 30M as illustrated in FIG. 10. The apparatus of FIG. 9
includes a lower die 33 having a protruding semi-spherical portion
33A and provided with small holes 34 drilled therethrough to which
vacuum pressure may be applied from a common planum (not shown). A
section of the material 30 of FIG. 8 is disposed between the rim
35R of a cylindrical member 35 defining a chamber 36 and a plate 37
having a hole 37H for accommodating the portion 33A of the die 33.
The sheet 30 is heat softened without substantially deforming the
filamentary hook-like formations 32, by applying heat to the flat
surface of 30A while held between the rim 35R of cylindrical member
35 and plate 37 above the upper surface 33S of die 33 after which
member 35 and plate 37 are moved downwardly to the position
illustrated in FIG. 9 while vacuum is applied to holes 34 and/or
positive pressure is applied to chamber 36 so as to force and
thermally deform the sheet, as shown in FIG. 9, with the flat
surface thereof made to conform to the spherical surface 33AS of
the die 33. Two of the semi-spherical shells so formed, denoted 30A
and 30B in FIG. 10, are trimmed by die cutting close to the
semi-spherical walls and the rims or flanges thereof, denoted 30C
and 30D, are adhesively or solvent bonded or welded together to
form a hollow, lightweight ball for use in target games as
illustrated in FIG. 10.
In molding the sheet material 30 of FIG. 8, heat may be applied to
the bottom surface 31A of the sheet-like portion 31 to soften same
while cool air or liquid may be applied to the upper surface
containing the filamentary formations 32 to prevent destruction of
the hook-shaped filamentary formations. The sheet 30 is immediately
placed between members 35 and 37 and drawn or pressure formed over
the semi-spherical portion 33A of die 33.
The fastening material 30 illustrated in FIG. 8 may also be formed
by providing a sheet of thermoplastic material, rendering the upper
stratum adjacent one surface thereof in a molten condition while
maintaining the general configuration of the sheet and, while said
surface stratum is in a molten condition, electrostatically
injecting a multitude of small hook-like formations into the molten
layer and solidifying the molten layer to integrally bond the
hook-like formations thereto. The technique may be utilized to
cover a sheet of thermoplastic material, a surface or sheet coated
with thermoplastic material rendered temporarily molten to permit
embedment of the straight ends of the hook-like filamentary
formations therein or a molding composed of thermoplastic material,
the outer surface of at least a portion of which is rendered molten
by means of radiant heat energy applied thereto to permit same to
receive electrostatically directed hook-like filamentary
configurations and partially embed same within the molten outer
layer.
* * * * *