U.S. patent number 3,927,540 [Application Number 05/480,859] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-23 for apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials under pressure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Hisao Nakamura, Kazue Tanaka, Eiichi Wakita, Katsuo Yamamoto.
United States Patent |
3,927,540 |
Tanaka , et al. |
December 23, 1975 |
Apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials under
pressure
Abstract
An apparatus for continuously heat-treating various fibrous
materials with a pressurized fluid, which is capable of
continuously passing even knot parts or parts of varied thickness
of the fibrous materials through the apparatus, wherein sealing
parts and sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto are
provided at both the ends of a heat-treating pressure chamber,
comprises 1. each of said sealing parts consisting of a pair of
sealing boxes, 2. each of said sealing boxes being provided with a
nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid on the side of said sealing
box in contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are
running through the clearance between said pair of sealing boxes,
said nozzle having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to the
travelling direction of the fibrous materials and inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in the
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, 3. at least one of said
pair of sealing boxes being slidable by means of a sliding means
whereby the clearance between the surfaces of said sealing boxes in
contact with the fibrous materials is quickly adjusted
correspondingly to sudden change in the thickness of the travelling
fibrous materials, and 4. the slidable sealing box being housed in
a casing part whose lateral width is larger or smaller than the
lateral width of the heat-treating pressure chamber through a small
clearance from the casing part.
Inventors: |
Tanaka; Kazue (Fujishi,
JA), Yamamoto; Katsuo (Fujishi, JA),
Nakamura; Hisao (Fujishi, JA), Wakita; Eiichi
(Fujishi, JA) |
Assignee: |
Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki
Kaisha (Osaka, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
13466236 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/480,859 |
Filed: |
June 19, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jun 27, 1973 [JA] |
|
|
48-71633 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
68/5E; 34/242;
277/432 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06B
23/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06B
23/00 (20060101); D06B 23/16 (20060101); D06B
023/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;68/5E ;34/242
;214/17B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hornsby; Harvey C.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Armstrong, Nikaido & Wegner
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials
with a pressurized fluid, which apparatus is capable of
continuously passing knot parts or parts of varied thickness of
fibrous materials therethrough and in which sealing parts and
sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto are provided at
each end of a heat-treating pressure chamber, each of said sealing
parts being positioned between the heat-treating chamber and a
respective overflow chamber, comprising
1. a chamber for treating fibrous materials with a pressurized
fluid,
2. each of said sealing parts comprising a pair of sealing boxes
each of said sealing boxes being provided with
a. a nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid into said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are passing
through a clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said nozzle
having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to a travelling
direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the sealing
fluid uniformly in a transverse direction and being inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in a
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, and
b. a sealing fluid inlet on a side opposite to said nozzle, sealing
fluid being injected through said nozzle and being overflown into
each of said overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized
fluid from leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
3. a means for sliding at least one of said sealing boxes in each
pair to permit the clearance between the sealing boxes in contact
with the fibrous material to be adjusted to correspond to a sudden
change in the thickness of the travelling fibrous materials,
and
4. an individual casing for housing each slidable sealing box
through a small clearance between the slidable sealing box and the
casing, each casing having a lateral width differing from that of
the heat-treating pressure chamber to provide a non-linear channel
against the passage of the pressurized fluid.
2. An apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials
with a pressurized fluid, which apparatus is capable of
continuously passing knot parts or parts of varied thickness of
fibrous materials therethrough and in which sealing parts and
sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto are provided at
each end of a heat-treating pressure chamber, each of said sealing
parts being positioned between the heat-treating chamber and a
respective overflow chamber, comprising
1. a chamber for treating fibrous materials with pressurized
fluid,
2. each of said sealing parts comprising a pair of sealing boxes,
each of said sealing boxes being provided with
a. a nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid into said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are passing
through a clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said nozzle
having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to a travelling
direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the sealing
fluid uniformly in a transverse direction and being inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in a
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, and
b. a sealing fluid inlet in a side opposite to said nozzle, sealing
fluid being injected through said nozzle and being overflown into
each of said overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized
fluid from leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
3. a means for sliding at least one of said sealing boxes in each
pair to permit the clearance between the sealing boxes in contact
with the fibrous materials to be adjusted to correspond to a sudden
change in the thickness of the travelling fibrous materials,
4. an individual casing for housing each slidable sealing box
through a small clearance between the slidable sealing box and the
casing, each casing having a lateral width differing from that of
the heat-treating pressure chamber to provide a non-linear channel
against the passage of the pressurized fluid, and
5. packing materials being inserted between each slidable sealing
box, and its casing to control the lateral width of the fibrous
materials.
3. An apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials
with a pressurized fluid, which apparatus is capable of
continuously passing knot parts or parts of varied thickness of
fibrous materials therethrough and in which sealing parts and
sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto are provided at
each end of a heat-treating pressure chamber, each of said sealing
parts being positioned between the heat-treating chamber and a
respective overflow chamber, comprising
1. a chamber for treating fibrous materials with a pressurized
fluid,
2. each of said sealing parts comprising a pair of sealing boxes
each of said sealing boxes being provided with
a. a nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid into said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are passing
through a clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said nozzle
having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to a travelling
direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the sealing
fluid uniformly in a transverse direction and being inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in a
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, and
b. a sealing fluid inlet on a side opposite to said nozzle, sealing
fluid being injected through said nozzle and being overflown into
each of said overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized
fluid from leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
3. a means for sliding at least one of said sealing boxes in each
pair to permit the clearance between the sealing boxes in contact
with the fibrous materials to be adjusted to correspond to a sudden
change in hte thickness of the travelling fibrous materials,
4.
4. an individual casing for housing each slidable sealing box
through a small clearance between the slidable sealing box and the
casing, each casing having a lateral width differing from that of
the heat-treating pressure chamber to provide a non-linear channel
against the passage of the pressurized fluid, and
5. each casing being provided with openings for injecting another
auxiliary
sealing fluid from the outside. 4. An apparatus for continuously
heat-treating fibrous materials with a pressurized fluid, which
apparatus is capable of continuously passing knot parts or parts of
varied thickness of fibrous materials therethrough and in which
sealing parts and sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto
are provided at each end of a heat-treating pressure, each of said
sealing parts being positioned between the heat-treating chamber
and a respective overflow chamber, comprising
1. a chamber for treating fibrous materials with a pressurized
fluid,
2. each of said sealing parts comprising a pair of sealing boxes
each of said sealing boxes being provided with
a. a nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid into said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are passing
through a clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said nozzle
having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to a travelling
direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the sealing
fluid uniformly in a transverse direction and being inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in a
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, and
b. a sealing fluid inlet on a side opposite to said nozzle, sealing
fluid being injected through said nozzle and being overflown into
each of said overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized
fluid from leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
3. a means for sliding at least one of said sealing boxes in each
pair to permit the clearance between the sealing boxes in contact
with the fibrous materials to be adjusted to correspond to a sudden
change in the thickness of the travelling fibrous materials,
4. and individual casing for housing each slidable sealing box
through a small clearance between the slidable sealing box and the
casing, each casing having a lateral width differing from that of
the heat-treating pressure chamber to provide a non-linear channel
against the passage of the pressurized fluid,
5. packing materials being inserted between each slidable sealing
box and its casing to control the lateral width of the fibrous
materials, and
6. each casing being provided with openings for injecting another
auxiliary sealing fluid from the outside.
5. An apparatus for continuously heat-treating fibrous materials
with a pressurized fluid, which apparatus is capable of
continuously passing knot parts or parts of varied thickness of
fibrous materials therethrough and in which sealing parts and
sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto are provided at
each end of a heat-treating pressure chamber, each of said sealing
parts being positioned between the heat-treating chamber and a
respective overflow chamber, comprising
1-a. a chamber for treating fibrous materials with a pressurized
fluid,
1-b. a pair of sealing boxes, each of said sealing boxes being
provided with
a. a nozzle for injecting a sealing fluid into said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are passing
through a clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said nozzle
having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to a travelling
direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the sealing
fluid uniformly in a transverse direction and being inclined to the
fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in a
direction from a position remote from the heat-treating pressure
chamber toward a position close thereto, and
b. a sealing fluid inlet on a side opposite to said nozzle, sealing
fluid being injected through said nozzle and being overflown into
each of said overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized
fluid from leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
1-c. a means for sliding at least one of said sealing boxes in each
pair to permit the clearance between the sealing boxes in contact
with the fibrous materials to be adjusted to correspond to a sudden
change in the thickness of the travelling fibrous materials,
1-d. an individual casing for housing each slidable sealing box
through a small clearance between the slidable sealing box and the
casing, each casing having a lateral width differing from that of
the heat-treating pressure chamber to provide a non-linear channel
against the passage of the pressurized fluid, and
2. water-draining rods or plates being provided in contact with the
upper and lower sides of the travelling fibrous materials in the
sealing fluid overflow chambers.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said sliding means is
actuated by an air cylinder.
7. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said sliding means is
actuated by an air cylinder.
8. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said sliding means is
actuated by an air cylinder.
9. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said sliding means is
actuated by an air cylinder.
10. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said sliding means
is actuated by an air cylinder.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an apparatus for continuously
heat-treating various fibrous materials such as filaments, tows,
strands, silvers, or cloths such as knitted or woven fabrics, by
continuously heat-stretching or heat-treating the fibrous materials
in a fluid under pressure, thereby endowing desired physical
properties or characteristics to the fibrous materials or
processing the fibrous materials, and more particularly to the
apparatus capable of continuously passing knot parts or parts of
varied thickness of the fibrous materials through the
apparatus.
It is well known that a roller seal, labyrinth seal, lip seal, etc.
are typical of the sealing device for the apparatus for
continuously heat-treating the fibrous materials under pressure,
but these sealing devices have both merits and demerits, and are
particularly difficult to be used in stretching tow fibers at a
high speed.
We have studied sealing systems which are applicable to every
heat-treatment under pressure including such stretching at a high
speed under high pressure, and have already found that a sealing
system of fluid injection type is an excellent one, and invented an
apparatus (Japanese Patent Application laid-open No. 42180/73; U.S.
Pat. No. 3,783,649).
However, the fibrous materials to be treated have not always an
unlimited length, but a limited length, and in the most cases have
broken parts. A method for passing the fibrous materials without
connecting the broken parts is not preferable, because much time
and labor are required for restarting to heat-treat the successive
fibrous materials following the broken parts, and the yield of the
heat-treated product is greatly lowered. Therefore, it is necessary
to connect the broken parts. Another method is also available for
making the thickness of the fibrous materials constant, for
example, by sewing-up, adhesion, melt-adhesion, etc. without
bringing about any change in thickness such as knot parts, etc. at
connecting parts of the fibrous materials, and then passing the
fibrous materials through between the sealing parts of the
apparatus. Said method has an advantage of keeping a clearance
between the sealing parts constant, but requires considerable time
in adhesion as well as special tools. Furthermore, said method has
a disadvantage of peeling-off of the connected parts at an elevated
temperature under high tension owing to incomplete adhesion, and it
has been found as the result of the successive studies that the
development of an apparatus capable of positively passing even knot
parts and parts of varied thickness of the fibrous materials
through the apparatus is necessary.
We have made further study on an apparatus for continuously
heat-treating fibrous materials under pressure, which can solve all
of said disadvantages by positively passing the knot parts and
parts of varied thickness of the fibrous materials, especially an
apparatus for stretching tows at a high speed under a high
pressure, and have found an apparatus of the present invention.
The present invention provides an apparatus for continuously
heat-treating fibrous materials with a pressurized fluid, wherein
sealing parts and sealing fluid overflow chambers adjacent thereto
are provided at both the ends of a heat-treating pressure chamber,
which comprises:
1. each of said sealing parts consisting of a pair of sealing
boxes,
2. each of said sealing boxes being provided with (a) a nozzle for
injecting a sealing fluid on the side of said sealing box in
contact with the fibrous materials to be treated which are running
through the clearance between said pair of sealing boxes, said
nozzle having a linear slit opened perpendicularly to the
travelling direction of the fibrous materials so as to inject the
sealing fluid uniformly in the transversal direction and inclined
to the fibrous materials at an angle of 30.degree. to 90.degree. in
the direction from a position remote from the heat-treating
pressure chamber toward a position close thereto, and (b) a sealing
fluid inlet on the side opposite to said nozzle, sealing fluid
injected through said nozzle being overflown into each of said
overflow chambers while preventing the pressurized fluid from
leaking out of the heat-treating chamber,
3. at least one of said pair of sealing boxes being slidable by
means of a sliding means whereby the clearance between the surfaces
of said sealing boxes in contact with the fibrous materials is
quickly adjusted correspondingly to sudden change in the thickness
of the travelling fibrous materials, and
4. the slidable sealing box being housed in a casing part whose
lateral width is larger or smaller than the lateral width of the
heat-treating pressure chamber through a small clearance from the
casing part.
In the present apparatus, sealing boxes having linear nozzles are
symmetrically provided at both the inlet and outlet sealing parts
of the heat-treating chamber for the fibrous materials so as to put
the fibrous materials between a pair of the sealing boxes, and to
form a clearance sufficient for passing the fibrous materials
between the pair of the sealing boxes. The fibrous materials are
made to pass through the clearance, while a sealing fluid supplied
to the sealing boxes is injected from the linear nozzles of the
sealing box. Leakage of the pressure fluid from the heat-treating
chamber to the outside is prevented by an injecting and pinching
force of the sealing fluid due to its static pressure. The sealing
fluid is pushed out of the sealing parts into the outside sealing
fluid overflow chambers by the inside pressure of the heat-treating
chamber, and is discharged to the outside or recycled for reuse
without any intrusion into the heat-treating chamber. Furthermore,
in the present apparatus, the sealing boxes can be moved by sliding
by means of a driving device when the knot parts or parts of varied
thickness of the fibrous materials are passed through between the
sealing boxes, and at this time the clearance between the sealing
boxes is widened thereby. Therefore, even the knot parts and the
parts of varied thickness can be continuously passed through the
present apparatus smoothly.
Furthermore, in the present apparatus, small clearances are
required between the side surfaces of the slidable sealing boxes
and the side surfaces of a casing for the sealing boxes to make the
sealing boxes movable. In the present apparatus, these clearances
are in a projected or recessed state, and thus a leakage of the
pressure fluid from the heat-treating chamber through these small
clearances can be prevented.
Therefore, even the knot parts and the parts of varied thickness of
the fibrous materials can be continuously passed through the
present apparatus with a good sealing effect.
Another advantage of the present apparatus is that the fibrous
materials are passed through a clearance between a pair of nozzles
at the sealing part, and consequently never undergo any friction or
damage by a solid material, as will be described below, and thus
the fibrous materials can be passed through the apparatus easily at
a high speed. Continuous heat treatment under pressure can be
efficiently carried out in the present apparatus.
Now, the present invention will be explained in detail by way of
the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the entire apparatus
of the present invention for continuously heat-treating fibrous
materials under pressure.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a part including an
inlet sealing part of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line III--III of FIG.
2.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line IV--IV of FIG.
3.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing part showing another
embodiment of sealing method according to the present
invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the line VI--VI of FIG.
5.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sealing device
provided with a packing for adjusting the lateral width of a
clearance B at the sealing part of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view along the line VIII--VIII
of FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view along the line IX--IX of FIG.
8.
FIGS. 10 - 13 are cross-sectional views showing sealing structures
to be used in place of the part of FIG. 4.
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sealing device
provided with penetrating pipes.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view along the line XV--XV of FIG.
14.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional schematic view of an outlet part
provided with water draining rods.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the outlet part
provided with water-draining plate, that is, a modification of FIG.
16.
FIG. 18 is a view showing one concrete example of the
water-draining plate.
In FIG. 1, the present apparatus consists of a shell pipe 1, a
heat-treating chamber 2, sealing parts 3, sealing boxes 4 and 4',
air cylinders 5 and sealing fluid overflow chambers 6. The sealing
parts 3, sealing boxes 4 and 4', air cylinders 5 and sealing fluid
overflow chambers 6 are symmetrically provided at both the inlet
and outlet parts of the present apparatus. Fibrous materials 7 to
be treated are successively passed from feeding rollers 8 through a
guide hole 9, and a clearance B between the sealing boxes 4 and 4',
heat-treated in the heat-treating chamber 2, passed through the
clearance and the guide hole of the similar structures at the
outlet part, and sent to the successive step through withdrawing
rollers 10.
Heat-treating pressure fluid is passed into the heat-treating
chamber 2 from a pressure fluid inlet pipe 11. A sealing fluid,
preferably sealing water, is led to the sealing boxes 4 and 4' from
a liquid-feeding pump 12 through sealing fluid inlet pipes 13 and
13' (the sealing fluid inlet pipe fixed to the movable sealing box
being partially composed of a flexible tube 14), and injected from
nozzles A and A'. Sealing is established by a pinching force due to
the static water head of the sealing fluids symmetrically injected
at a high speed from both the upper and lower sides, and the
effluent sealing fluid flows into the sealing fluid overflow
chamber 6 under the atmospheric pressure owing to the inside
pressure of the heat-treating chamber, and is recovered into a
storage tank 16 therefrom through a drain pipe 15. The storage tank
16 is such a tank that can withstand the atmospheric pressure, and
may be provided with a heater 17, a sealing fluid make-up pipe 18
and a vent pipe 19, if necessary.
Blind patches 20 are provided at both the ends of the apparatus to
form the sealing fluid overflow chambers 6, and the sealing fluid
is prevented from the leakage to the outside thereby. The blind
patches 20 have guide holes 9, through which the fibrous materials
can be passed, and which can control the width of the passing
fibrous materials. If necessary, a swing guide plate 21 is fixed to
the blind patch in a swingable state by means of a hinge, etc., and
the fibrous materials, especially the knot parts, can pass through
the guide hole by pushing the swing guide plate 21 open.
As shown in FIG. 2, the respective sealing fluid injection nozzles
A and A' are preferably kept at an angle of 30.degree. to
90.degree. to the direction of the fibrous materials 7, so that the
sealing fluid can be injected toward the direction of the
heat-treating chamber. This is preferable in view of the sealing
effect. At an angle of less than 30.degree., the pinching force of
the injected sealing fluid will be smaller, and thus the sealing
effect will be poor. In carrying out operation of the present
apparatus, it is preferable in the sealing effect to keep a
clearance B between the sealing boxes 4 and 4' to take a distance
of the thickness of the fibrous materials 7 plus 3 - 7 mm. That is
to say, if the additional distance is less than 3 mm, a frictional
damage of the fibrous materials 7 by the sealing boxes 4 and 4'
will be serious, and if the additional distance is more than 7 mm,
the sealing effect is lowered.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the movable sealing box 4 is inserted
into a casing part 22 having a lateral width projected over or
recessed from the lateral width of the inside walls of the shell
pipe 1, with a small clearance C between the inside wall of the
casing part and the side wall of the sealing box. The sealing box 4
is connected to an air cylinder 5 attached onto an air cylinder
support frame 23 fixed to the casing part 22. Therefore, when the
air cylinder 5 is actuated, the sealing box 4 smoothly slides along
the inside walls of the casing part 22. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper
end of the movable sealing box 4 is of flange type, and the flange
surface is pressed down to the casing part by force of the air
cylinder 5 through an elastic sealing material, for example, O-ring
24, placed between the flange surface and the air cylinder.
The lower end of the non-movable sealing box 4' may be fixed to the
shell pipe 1 by fixing the flange part thereof to the casing part
by bolts or by welding or the sealing box 4' may be integrally
prepared together with the casing, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
In the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the clearance B between
the sealing boxes 4 and 4' is normally kept to a desired distance
during the operation by means of the air cylinder 5, while
interposing the travelling fibrous materials 7 between the sealing
boxes, and the pressure leakage through the clearance B at the
sealing part is prevented by the sealing water injected from the
nozzles A and A', and the pressure leakage from the upper end of
the movable sealing box 4 is prevented by an O-ring 24 inserted
between the flange surface of the sealing box 4 pressed down by the
air cylinder 5, and the casing part 22. Furthermore, the pressure
leakage from the side surfaces of the sealing box 4, which is most
difficult to prevent in the movable sealing box, can be side-sealed
owing to a kind of labyrinth effect due to the non-linear, that is,
projected or recessed small clearances C on the sides of the
sealing box.
When a knot part larger than the vertical distance of the clearance
B between the sealing boxes reaches the sealing part, the movable
sealing box 4 is elevated by actuation of the air cylinder 5 to
enlarge the clearance B between the sealing boxes and pass the knot
part through therebetween. When it is desirous to adjust the
minimum vertical distance of the clearance B between the sealing
boxes, other liner, washer, etc. than the O-ring may be placed
between the flange surface of the sealing box and the casing
together with the O-ring.
As another method for preventing the pressure leakage from the
upper end of the movable sealing box 4, both casing part D for the
movable sealing box 4 in contact with the heat-treating chamber and
the casing part E in contact with the sealing fluid overflow
chamber may be modified to be projected toward the running fibrous
materials, and packings 25 consisting of piston rings or gland
packings are inserted between the contact surfaces of the movable
sealing box 4 with the projected casing parts to prevent the
pressure leakage from the upper end of the movable sealing box, as
shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Of course, the packings 25 may be inserted
around the whole of the surfaces of the movable sealing box 4, as
shown in FIG. 6.
Furthermore, when the fibrous materials having a lateral width
smaller than the lateral width of the clearance B between the
sealing boxes 4 and 4' are heat-treated, packings 26 and 26' are
provided at both the ends of the clearance B between the sealing
boxes, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and the lateral width of the
fibrous materials 7 can be adjusted thereby, and the pressure
leakage through the clearances at both the ends can be prevented.
The minimum vertical distance of the clearance B between the
sealing boxes 4 and 4' can be also made constant by means of said
packings 26 and 26'.
The small clearance C between the inside wall of the casing part 22
and the side wall of the movable sealing box 4 may take any shape,
except the straight linear shape. It may be in a concave or convex
or curved shape, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 10-13. However, it is
particularly preferable in view of the structure of the apparatus
that the small clearance C takes such a structure as shown in FIGS.
4 or 10.
When the inside pressure of the heat-treating chamber is very high,
penetrating pipes 27 are provided through the casing part 22, as
shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, and an auxiliary sealing fluid under a
definite pressure, for example, water or air, is introduced from
the outside through the penetrating pipes. The sealing effect can
be thereby much assured on the sides of the movable sealing box 4.
With an increase in the travelling speed of the fibrous materials,
an amount of the sealing fluid attached to and entrained by the
fibrous materials is increased. To prevent the sealing fluid from
the scattering toward the outside from the guide hole 9, the length
of the sealing fluid overflow chamber 6 must be increased. However,
as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the length of the sealing fluid
overflow chamber 6 can be shortened by providing water-draining
rods 28 or water-draining plates 29 in contact with the fibrous
materials 7 so that the running fibrous materials 7 may be
interposed between these water-draining rods or plates. When the
water-draining plates 29 are used, it is necessary to provide an
opening 30 on its lower part to improve the flow of the sealing
water, as shown in FIG. 18.
In the apparatus illustrated above, one of the sealing boxes is of
movable type, but of course both the sealing boxes can be made
movable. The actuating device may be of a spring type, a hydraulic
cylinder type, an oil pressure cylinder type, etc. in place of the
air cylinder. When hot water or cold water is used as the sealing
fluid in the case the ordinarily used steam is used as the pressure
fluid, it is not necessary to separate these two fluids in
recycling the sealing fluid, even if they are mixed together, and
also a good sealing effect can be obtained.
According to the present apparatus for continuously heat-treating
the fibrous materials under pressure, the heating pressure medium
within the heat-treating chamber can be prevented from leakage to
the outside of the apparatus by a sealing system quite different
from the conventional ones, and the fibrous materials can be
continuously heat-treated under pressure at a high speed without
any damage to the fibrous materials. Further, even if there is a
change in the thickness of the fibrous materials, the vertical
distance of the sealing clearance can be smoothly adjusted, and the
continuous heat treatment can be assured without any interruption
of the travelling of the fibrous materials. The operating
efficiency and the yield of the product can be much more increased
in the present apparatus than in the conventional apparatus, and
further there are such advantages as very simple structure of the
apparatus, and consequently less disorder and good maintenance.
* * * * *