U.S. patent number 3,926,386 [Application Number 05/486,804] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-16 for spool for wire deployment.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air. Invention is credited to Charles B. Kalakowsky, James R. Stahmann.
United States Patent |
3,926,386 |
Stahmann , et al. |
December 16, 1975 |
Spool for wire deployment
Abstract
A spool for wire deployment having a cylindrically-shaped body
upon which is wound a wire. The body is made of a pair of sections
separated by a first braking ring. A second braking ring is
adjustably mounted on the body adjacent the first braking ring. In
operation the wire passes through the braking rings and at a
preselected time during the unwinding of the wire from the spool,
the braking rings apply a braking force thereto thereby preventing
any damage to the wire during the unwinding procedure.
Inventors: |
Stahmann; James R. (Miramar,
FL), Kalakowsky; Charles B. (Dorchester, MA) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Air (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
23933308 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/486,804 |
Filed: |
July 9, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
242/118;
242/129.8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F42B
12/68 (20130101); B65H 75/02 (20130101); B65H
49/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F42B
12/68 (20060101); F42B 12/02 (20060101); B65H
49/00 (20060101); B65H 75/02 (20060101); B65H
49/02 (20060101); B65H 075/02 (); B65H
049/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;242/118,129,128,54R,125.3,146,129.8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Christian; Leonard D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Rusz; Joseph E. Erlich; Jacob
N.
Claims
We claim:
1. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire comprising a body
about which said wire is wound, said body being formed of a first
and second section, means operably connected to said body for
applying a braking force to said wire during unwinding thereof from
said first section, said braking means being formed of a first
braking ring located about said body separating said first and
second sections and a second braking ring adjustably mounted on
said body adjacent said first braking ring whereby said wire passes
through a space formed between said first and second braking rings
and means operably connected to said second section for guiding the
unwinding of said wire therefrom.
2. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
1 wherein said guiding means is in the form of a ring and a
cone-shaped end piece.
3. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
2 wherein the external diameters of said first braking ring and
said guide ring are larger than the resultant diameter of the
completed turns of said wire wound about said body.
4. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
3 wherein the internal diameter of said second brake ring is
substantially equal to the external diameter of said first brake
ring.
5. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
4 wherein said braking means comprises a frame which surrounds said
body and is threadably attached thereto.
6. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
5 wherein said body is of a cylindrical configuration.
7. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
6 wherein said body has a plurality of circumferentially spaced
grooves therearound.
8. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
7 wherein said body has an externally threaded segment thereon for
threadably engaging said frame of said braking means.
9. A spool utilized for the deployment of wire as defined in claim
8 wherein said first and second braking rings are made of smooth
steel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to wire deployment, and, more
particularly, to a spool for deploying wire from a high speed
rocket.
It has been necessary, for experimental purposes, for example, to
simulate a large rocket, along with the conducting portion of its
exhaust plume, to trigger, attract and direct natural lightning
discharges and to produce the related quasi-electrostatic effects.
This simulation has been accomplished by a rocket-wire system which
would trigger a lightning stroke in a controlled fashion. Thin
wires launched by and/or from a rocket have been used to trigger
lightning strokes. For this work it is necessary to utilize a
special reel or spool capable of rapidly unwinding wire
therefrom.
The wire may be deployed from the rocket at speeds up to about 500
feet per second relative to the rocket and then brought back up to
rocket speed by application of a "braking" force. The wire may
remain connected to the rocket to increase its electrical length
for lightning triggering or other experimental purposes. The wire
may also be simply deployed into the air without braking. Such a
spool for deploying wire must therefore be designed for operation
within rockets reaching velocities in the order of 2,500 ft per
second with initial accelerations in the order of 100g.
The problems encountered in such an operation and produced by such
a spool have been numerous. For example, the spool must be capable
of deploying wire at high velocities and yet also be capable of
braking the wire without also causing a break in the wire itself.
Heretofore this combination of results have not been achieved in a
reliable and economical manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The instant invention sets forth a spool for wire deployment which
overcomes the problems set forth hereinabove. The spool making up
this invention fits within the nose of a rocket and incorporates
therewith a cone-and-funnel arrangement which reduces whipping and
kinking of the wire as it is dispensed. The spool itself is made up
of an upper and lower section separated by a braking ring. Wire is
wound on the spool above and below the brake ring. The free end of
the wire passes over a lower guide ring which helps prevent wire
slippage during wire deployment. A hollow metal drag cone is
attached to the end of the wire and exposed to the air outside the
rocket.
Wire deployment takes place at a predetermined altitude by the
severing of a line holding the drag cone. The drag on the cone then
begins pulling the wire from the spool. Since the wire is moving
with considerable velocity relative to the rocket, the sudden
snubbing when the last turn of the wire comes off the spool or
bobbin might result in wire breakage. Such is not the case in the
instant invention since the spool of this invention is wound in two
sections an upper and lower section. The wire is first deployed
from the lower section. When the wire is all deployed therefrom, a
braking force is automatically applied by a brake before deployment
from the second or upper section. The brake is made of a pair of
rings which allow the wire to pass therebetween during unwinding
from the upper spool section. The pinch rings of the brake are made
of smooth steel with the gap between them capable of being adjusted
to give a desired frictional braking force.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a spool for
wire deployment which permits smooth, even wire release at high
speeds.
It is another object of this invention to provide a spool for wire
deployment which overcomes the problems or wire breakage during
deployment.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a spool for
wire deployment which is economical to produce and which utilizes
conventional, currently available components that lend themselves
to standard mass producing manufacturing techniques.
For a better understanding of the present invention together with
other and further objects thereof, reference is made to the
following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawing and its scope will be pointed out in the appended
claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side elevational schematic view of the spool of this
invention shown in position within a rocket; and
FIG. 2 is a detailed side elevational view of the spool of this
invention shown partly in cross-section and with a portion of the
grooves and wire shown thereon.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Reference is now made to FIG. 1 of the drawing which shows in
schematic fashion spool 10 of this invention, utilized for wire
deployment, mounted within a conventional rocket 12. The basic idea
of this invention is to have wire 14 wound around the bobbin or
spool 10 in such a manner as to pay out wire 14 during rocket
flight. Spool 10 is secured within the payload section of rocket 12
and feeds wire 14 from the bottom thereof through a cone and funnel
arrangement 16 thereby reducing whipping and kinking of wire 14.
The cone and funnel arrangement 16 feeds wire 14 into pipe 18 which
is attached by any suitable fasteners 20 to the outside of rocket
12. A hollow metal drag cone 22 is attached to the end of wire 14
at the rear end of pipe 18 a short distance forward of the rocket
exhaust plane. In this manner cone 22 is exposed to air flow but
not to the exhaust flame. A second wire 24 is fixedly attached at
one end thereof to rocket 12 and at the other end to wire 10 in
order to hold cone 22 in place. At a predetermined time during
flight wire 24 is severed by any suitable line cutter (not shown)
and thereby releases cone 22 into the air stream causing the drag
thereon to pull wire 14 out from pipe 18 and in turn from spool 10.
As set forth in detail hereinbelow, this invention provides a spool
10 which is capable of quickly deploying wire as well as preventing
the breaking thereof.
Reference is now made to FIG. 2 of the drawing which shows in
detail the various elments which make up spool 10 of this
invention. Spool 10 is in the form of a cylindrical body 30 having
machined grooves 32 (only partly shown in FIG. 2) circumferentially
spaced therearound. As seen in FIG. 2, spool 10 is divided into an
upper and lower sections 34 and 36, respectively, by a ring 38
located around body 30 substantially midway between the two ends
thereof. Ring 38 is of a diameter slightly larger than the diameter
of the wound wire about body 30. Formed at the bottom of
cylindrical body 30 or fixedly attached thereto is a cone shaped
end piece 40 having a ring 42 at the top portion thereof
substantially indentical to ring 38. This lower guide ring 42 helps
prevent wire slippage during wire deployment.
At the top section of cylindrical body 30 is a cylindrically
threaded member 44. Member 44 threadly engages a brake mechanism
46. Brake 46 is made of a cylindrical configuration, formed with an
internally threaded segment 48 at one end thereof for engaging
member 44 and having a ring-shaped member 50 at the other end
thereof. Member 50 acts as a pinching brake in conjunction with
ring 38. For the operation of this brake it is essential that the
internal diameter of ring 50 be substantially equal to the external
diameter of ring 38. With this relationship, as brake 46 is
lowered, it is possible to brake the wire 14 fed between the two
rings 38 and 50 in a manner to be described hereinbelow.
In the assembled position, wire 14 is wound on cylindrical body 30
of spool 12 of this invention within machined grooves 32. Once in
place wound wire 14 is held on spool 10 by any suitable cement such
as an acrylic cement (not shown) lightly applied to the turns. Wire
14 is initially wound above ring 38 and continues until a proper
thickness of wire is reached. At that time the end of wire 14
passes over ring 38 at point A and continues to be wound on bottom
section 36 with the end of wire 14 passing over lower guide ring 42
and onto cone shaped section 40.
Wire 14 is wound above and below the brake rings 38 and 50 and is
first deployed from lower section 36 of spool 10. When all the wire
14 from section 36 is deployed, a braking force is automatically
applied by pulling wire 14 from upper section 34 through brake
rings 38 and 50 at point A. The inner and outer rings 38 and 50,
respectively, then squeeze wire 14 as it spins, thereby exerting a
force to reduce wire velocity. The amount of pressure applied by
brake 46 depends on the amount of space at point A regulated by the
position of ring 50 with respect to ring 38. Such an adjustment
takes place by the movement of brake mechanism 46 with respect to
member 44.
The spinning action of wire 14 spreads the wear on the braking
surfaces 38 and 50. With the instant invention braking forces in
the order of 150 pounds can be achieved with a stranded cooperweld
wire 14 having a breaking strength of 400 pounds. The braking force
adds to the unreeling and other friction forces.
Although this invention has been described with reference to a
particular embodiment it will be understood to those skilled in the
art that this invention is also capable of a variety of alternate
embodiments within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *