U.S. patent number 3,926,170 [Application Number 05/404,497] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-16 for football passer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Indian Head, Inc.. Invention is credited to Jack R. Dixon.
United States Patent |
3,926,170 |
Dixon |
December 16, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Football passer
Abstract
A mechanical football passer comprises a throwing arm mounted
adjacent one end on a frame for pivotal movement and equipped at
its free end with a ring-like ball holder. A mechanical timer
provides a time delay release of the throwing arm. The throwing arm
is pivotally propelled in a generally horizontal plane by two
springs and provides a "follow-through" action, rather than being
stopped short. The football is propelled from the throwing arm by
centrifugal and tangential forces resulting from this pivotal
motion. The ball holder includes an adjustable stop which imparts
rotation to the ball (to produce a spiral pass) and determines the
direction of flight.
Inventors: |
Dixon; Jack R. (Miami, OK) |
Assignee: |
Indian Head, Inc. (New York,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
23599842 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/404,497 |
Filed: |
October 9, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
124/8; 124/41.1;
124/80 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/408 (20130101); A63B 2243/007 (20130101); A63B
2069/402 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/40 (20060101); F41B 003/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;124/8,7,41R,36,9,6,3R
;273/55R ;74/89.15 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Assistant Examiner: Browne; William R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Brumbaugh, Graves, Donohue &
Raymond
Claims
I claim:
1. A football passer comprising a frame; an elongated throwing arm
mounted on the frame for pivotal movement relative to the frame
about an axis that is more nearly vertical than horizontal and that
is located adjacent one end of said arm, the throwing arm also
having adjacent its other end a holder means for a holding
football; a football received in the holder means, the holder being
shaped and dimensioned to nest loosely the football therein and
enable the football to roll generally radially outwardly with
respect to the pivot axis of the throwing arm and upwardly out of
the holder means upon imposition of centrifugal and tangential
forces thereon; propulsion means associated with the throwing arm
and frame for accelerating the throwing arm pivotally relative to
the frame about said axis and moving the holder means in an arc to
impart centrifugal and tangential forces to the football in the
holder means and propel the football from the holder and for
decelerating the pivoting of the throwing arm after the football
has been propelled out of the holder means as the throwing arm
traverses said arc without abruptly and substantially slowing the
movement of the throwing arm and the holder such that the throwing
arm follows through smoothly and simulates natural arm motion of a
human passer; and a timer-trigger device including means for
triggering propulsion of the throwing arm after a selected time
delay.
2. A football passer according to claim 1 wherein the timer-trigger
device includes a rotatable threaded rod; a threaded arm mounted on
the threaded rod so as to traverse the rod longitudinally as the
rod rotates; means for initiating rotational movement of the
threaded rod and for selecting a time delay, the time delay
corresponding generally to a length of time required for the
threaded arm to move from a first point on the threaded rod to a
second point on the threaded rod spaced longitudinally of the rod
from the first point; and means responsive to movement of the
threaded arm for triggering propulsion of the throwing arm after
the selected time delay.
3. A football passer according to claim 2 wherein the movement
initiating and time delay selecting means includes an inertial
device affixed to one end of the threaded rod for sustaining a
force applied to the rod to rotate it and thus cause the threaded
arm longitudinally to traverse the threaded rod.
4. A football passer according to claim 3 wherein the propulsion
triggering means includes a cord attached between the threaded arm
and a spring-loaded trigger arm pivoting adjacent one end, said
trigger arm engaging a catch which restrains the throwing arm.
5. A football passer according to claim 1 wherein the frame
comprises a body and a pair of spaced-apart and relatively
immovable members extending therefrom, the throwing arm being
mounted from the body between the frame extensions for movement
between and relative to the frame extensions, and the propulsion
means comprises two springs, each spring being attached to the
throwing arm and to a different one of the two frame
extensions.
6. A football passer according to claim 1 wherein the football
holder means is a generally oval-shaped ring lying generally in a
plane perpendicular to the said pivot axis of the throwing arm and
positioned with its longer axis disposed generally perpendicular to
the longer axis of the throwing arm.
7. A football passer according to claim 6 wherein the football
holder means further includes a rear bracket mounted on the rear of
the holder means and extending upwardly to engage one nose end of
the football and to push it while the throwing arm is in forward
motion.
8. A football passer according to claim 6 wherein the football
holder means further includes adjustable stop means attached
thereto on the side thereof away from the said pivot axis for
engaging the football at a point generally intermediate the nose
ends thereof and for imparting rotation to the football about its
longer axis and controlling the orientation of the axis of the
football relative to the longer axis of the holder means as the
football leaves the holder means to establish the direction of
flight of the football.
9. A football passer according to claim 6 wherein the holder
includes an adjustable forward support means attached to the holder
adjacent the forward end of the oval for engaging the forward end
of the football and maintaining it at a selected forward and
downward angle of its major axis relative to the said plane of the
oval.
10. A football passer according to claim 1 further comprising a
pair of bipods, each having a shorter generally straight leg and a
longer generally straight leg, the shorter legs being positioned
forward of the longer legs and the frame being attached to the
longer legs of the bipods, thereby inclining the pivot axis of the
throwing arm at an angle to the vertical.
11. A football passer according to claim 10 wherein legs of each
bipod are fitted with holes to receive spikes which pass through
the legs and into the ground to give added stability to the
passer.
12. A football passer according to claim 1 further comprising a
cover secured to the frame adjacent the uppermost part of the
frame, the cover being arranged above the throwing arm and the
holder means and extending over at least a part of the arc through
which the holder means is moved.
13. A football passer comprising a frame; an elongated throwing arm
mounted on the frame for pivotal movement relative to the frame
about an axis that is more nearly vertical than horizontal and that
is located adjacent one end of said arm, the throwing arm also
having adjacent its other end a holder means for holding a
football; a football received in the holder means, the holder means
being shaped and dimensioned to nest loosely the football therein
and enable the football to roll generally radially outwardly with
respect to the pivot axis of the throwing arm and upwardly out of
the holder means upon imposition of centrifugal and tangential
forces thereon; and propulsion means associated with the throwing
arm and frame for accelerating the throwing arm pivotally relative
to the frame about said pivot axis and moving the holder means in
an arc, to impart centrifugal and tangential forces to the football
in the holder means and propel the football from the holder means
and for decelerating the pivoting of the throwing arm after the
football has been propelled out of the holder means as the throwing
arm traverses said arc without abruptly and substantially slowing
the movement of the throwing arm and the holder means such that the
throwing arm follows through smoothly and simulates natural arm
motion of a human passer.
14. A football passer according to claim 13 wherein the frame
comprises a body and a pair of spaced-apart and relatively
immovable members extending therefrom, the throwing arm being
mounted from the body between the frame extensions for movement
between and relative to the frame extensions, and the propulsion
means comprises two springs, each spring being attached to the
throwing arm and to a different one of the two frame
extensions.
15. A football passer according to claim 13 wherein the football
holder is a generally oval-shaped ring lying generally in a plane
perpendicular to the pivot axis of the throwing arm and positioned
with its longer axis disposed generally perpendicular to the longer
axis of the throwing arm.
16. A football passer according to claim 15 wherein the football
holder further includes a rear bracket mounted on the rear of the
holder and extending upwardly to engage one nose end of the
football and to push it while the throwing arm is in forward
motion.
17. A football passer according to claim 15 wherein the football
holder further includes adjustable stop means attached thereto on
the side thereof away from the said pivot axis for engaging the
football at a point generally intermediate the nose ends thereof
and for imparting rotation to the football about its longer axis
and controlling the orientation of the axis of the football
relative to the longer axis of the holder as the football leaves
the holder to establish the direction of flight of the ball.
18. A football passer according to claim 15 wherein the holder
includes an adjustable forward support means attached to the holder
adjacent the forward end of the oval for engaging the forward end
of the football and maintaining it at a selected forward and
downward angle of its major axis relative to the said plane of the
oval.
19. A football passer according to claim 14 further comprising a
pair of bipods, each having a shorter generally straight leg and a
longer generally straight leg, the shorter legs being positioned
forward of the longer legs and the frame being attached to the
longer legs of the bipods, thereby inclining the pivot axis of the
throwing arm at an angle to the vertical.
20. A football passer according to claim 19 wherein each leg of
each bipod is fitted with holes to receive spikes which pass
through the legs and into the ground to give added stability to the
passer.
21. A football passer according to claim 13, further comprising a
cover secured to the frame adjacent the uppermost part of the
frame, the cover being arranged above the throwing arm and the
holder means and extending over at least a part of the arc through
which the holder means is moved.
22. A football passer according to claim 14, wherein the football
holder means includes two side portions that are spaced apart along
at least a part of their respective lengths so as to define between
them an opening adapted to receive at least a lower side portion of
the football, the football holder means and said opening within the
holder each having in a plane generally perpendicular to the pivot
axis of the throwing arm a longer axis and a shorter axis oriented
generally perpendicular to the longer axis, the football holder
means being positioned relative to the throwing arm so that both
side portions are oriented in directions transverse of the
longitudinal axis of the throwing arm and so that the longer axes
of the football holder means and the opening are disposed generally
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the throwing arm.
23. A football passer comprising a frame having a body and a pair
of spaced-apart, a football generally horizontal and parallel
members extending laterally from the body, generally perpendicular
to the intended direction of throw of the passer; an elongated
throwing arm pivoting between the frame extensions about an axis
adjacent one end of said throwing arm and having a holder for a
football adjacent its other end, said holder being formed as an
oval ring, positioned with its longer axis generally perpendicular
to the longer axis of the throwing arm, having a rear bracket to
engage the rear nose end of a football, an adjustable stop on the
side thereof away from the said pivot axis for imparting rotation
to a football and establishing its direction of flight, and a
forward support for maintaining a forward and downward angle of the
major axis of a football; two springs, each spring being attached
to the throwing arm and to one of the frame extensions, for
pivoting the throwing arm relative to the frame about said pivot
axis and moving the holder in an arc, to impart centrifugal and
tangential forces to a football in the holder and propel it from
the holder; and a timer-trigger device, including a threaded arm
moving on a generally vertical, rotatable, threaded rod having an
inertial device attached to its upper end to form a unitary
structure, said structure initiating and sustaining the movement of
the threaded arm along the rod, when force is applied thereto, and
transducing said movement into a relative period of time after
which propulsion of the throwing arm is triggered by a trigger
activated by the threaded arm.
Description
HISTORY OF THE INVENTION
Man has used catapults for centuries, particularly as engines of
war to hurl a variety of destructive missiles. Since the invention
of gunpowder, however, military use of catapults has declined and,
in recent years, catapults have generally been used in equipment
designed for other purposes, such as sports. In sports equipment,
catapults have been used to throw baseballs, tennis balls and clay
pigeons for skeet shooting. These devices have proved very useful
because they save manpower and provide for individual practice.
Baseball pitching machines, for example, permit extended periods of
batting practice without using a member of the pitching staff who
might otherwise become over-tired and perhaps bored by having to
pitch to a constant succession of batters. They also permit batting
practice by an individual, as well as the opportunity to practice
hitting a particular type of pitch which can be duplicated again
and again by the machine. The tennis ball throwers eliminate the
need for an unavailable partner, and also, like the pitching
machine, provide the opportunity to practice against a particular
type of serve or return. The clay pigeon throwers permit individual
practice and, unlike the other two, can be used in actual
competition.
Despite the usefulness and widespread use of these machines,
particularly the pitching machine, it appears that no throwing
apparatus has yet been developed for passing a football. One device
that has been developed for use with a football is not a passing
apparatus but rather an automatic center and its use is primarily
limited to back field and passing practices during which the center
ordinarily has no blocking responsibilities. This lack of
development of a football passer is probably due to the spiraled
forward motion that is required of a football and for which none of
the above devices is capable of being readily adapted. Many
previously known devices rely on the sudden stopping of the
catapult arm to cause the ball, or other projectile, to leave the
arm or associated holder. Others, such as the skeet devices, rely
on centrifugal force to move the projectile along the throwing arm
until it slides off the end. The snapping action of those throwing
arms which are stopped short to project a ball can not simulate the
throwing motion of a human quarterback who lets the ball roll off
his fingers as he "follows through" with his arm. Those throwers
which do operate with a continuous motion, such as some pitching
machines and hurlers for clay pigeons, to the extent that they
cause rotation of the projectile, impart rotation about an axis
generally perpendicular to the direction of flight. With a football
this would result in an end-over-end pass and not the accurate,
spiraled flight that is required.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A football passer, according to the present invention, is a new and
unique device which fills a long felt and heretofore unsatified
need of football enthusiasts. The passer comprises a frame having
two spaced-apart, generally horizontal and parallel frame members
extending laterally, generally perpendicular to the intended
direction of flight. A generally horizontal throwing arm pivots
about one end between the frame extensions and has a ring type ball
holder attached to its other end. A timer-trigger triggers
propulsion of the throwing arm after a selected time delay. The
throwing arm is pulled between the frame extensions by propulsion
means, consisting of two identical springs, each attached to the
throwing arm and to one of the two frame extensions. This
construction allows the throwing arm to simulate the natural action
of a quarterback and "follow-through" after the ball is released,
rather than being stopped short.
The ring type holder is oval-shaped and is positioned in a
generally horizontal plane, with its major axis perpendicular to
the center line of the throwing arm. It includes a rear bracket
that engages the trailing tip of the football and pushes the
football as the throwing arm pivots forward and moves the holder in
an arc. An adjustable forward support member extends across the
underside of the front of the holder and assists the rear bracket
in maintaining a proper relatively downward angle on the football
as it sits in the holder. An adjustable side stop located on the
outer edge of the oval holder near the center line of the throwing
arm imparts rotation of the football about its longer axis and
controls the horizontal orientation of that axis relative to the
longer axis of the holder as the football leaves the holder, thus
controlling the direction of flight. The centrifugal force produced
by the rotational movement of the throwing arm tends to push the
football out along the axis of the throwing arm and the side stop
tends to restrain it. At the point where the centrifugal force
overcomes the restraining ability of the stop, the football rolls
out and over the stop and by this rolling motion achieves the
spiral effect necessary for proper flight. The lengthwise
orientation of the side stop, relative to the center of the
football, determines whether one end of the football will tend to
leave the holder ahead of the other, thus affecting the orientation
of the football as it leaves the holder and its subsequent
direction of flight.
The usefulness of this football passer is further enhanced by the
inclusion of a timer device which permits a player to arm the
passer, select a time delay period after which the football will be
thrown, and to go out for the pass, thereby permitting individual
practice in pass reception, and practice of related maneuvers, such
as defensive coverage of a pass receiver, without requiring a
quarterback. In an exemplary embodiment, a timer consists of a
threaded arm traversing a generally vertical, rotatable threaded
rod having an inertial device, such as a cross member with a
weighted knob at each end, attached to its upper end to form a
unitary structure. A string or cord connects the threaded arm to a
trigger mechanism which engages a catch restraining the throwing
arm in a "cocked" position.
In operation, the player selects the desired time interval by
spinning the weighted knobs on the timer, causing the vertical
threaded rod to rotate and the threaded arm to move down along the
rod for an appropriate distance. The timer is set in motion by
forcibly spinning the weighted knobs in a direction opposite that
used to select the time delay. This causes the vertical rod to
rotate and the threaded arm to move up the rod. The inertial
character of the knobs sustains the rotational movement of the rod
until the arm engages a stop at the top of the rod. The threaded
arm then turns with the threaded rod and pulls the cord actuating
the trigger mechanism, which releases the throwing arm. The time
delay may be varied by varying the distance between the threaded
arm and the top of the threaded rod.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be made
to the following description of two exemplary embodiments, taken in
conjunction with the figures of the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a football passer constructed
according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the passer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the passer of FIG. 1, partly broken away
to show the timer-trigger mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the passer of FIG. 1, showing the ball
holder in partial transverse cross-section;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a football
passer constructed according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the passer of FIG. 5, with the cover guard
removed; and
FIG. 7 is a partial top view of the passer of FIG. 5, with the
upper frame extension removed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 1
through 4, a football passer comprises an elongated throwing arm
10, pivotally mounted adjacent one end on a frame, generally
designated 12. Adjacent the other end of the throwing arm 10 is a
football holder 14, which is preferably part of the throwing arm
rather than a separate attachment. The frame, throwing arm, and
holder may be made of any convenient lightweight and durable
material, such as wood, aluminum or plastic. In a preferred
embodiment, the frame 12 includes two members 16, one underlying
the other, extending in generally horizontal, parallel planes and
in a direction perpendicular to the general direction of the flight
of the football. The throwing arm 10 is mounted between the frame
extensions 16 and pivots adjacent one end between the extensions 16
in a plane parallel to the extensions and about an axis inclined at
a small angle to the vertical.
The ball holder 14 is a generally oval ring aligned in the plane of
the throwing arm 10 with its major axis perpendicular to the center
line of the throwing arm. The holder 14 includes a rear bracket 18
which serves the dual purposes of (1) pushing the football 20
during the rotational movement of the throwing arm 10 and (2)
helping to incline the ball generally downwardly from rear to front
at a slight angle to achieve a direct forward spiral when it leaves
the holder 14. This angle, defined by a horizontal plane and a line
passing through the center of the football 20 from tip to tip, is
preferably about ten degrees, inclined downwardly from rear to
front, as best seen in FIG. 4.
A forward support 22 assists the rear bracket 18 in providing the
necessary downward angle on the ball 20. In a preferred embodiment,
the support 22 is a flat, generally trapezoidal member with a
rounded notch 24 extending into its longer base and is attached to
the under side of the front of the ball holder 14 by a pivotal
connection 26 adjacent the shorter base of the trapezoidal support.
The pivotal connection 26 permits the support 22 to move in a
vertical arc perpendicular to the plane of the support and thus
raise or lower the front part of the football 20, which rests in
the notch 24. The support 22 may be maintained in a particular
position by any desired means, for example a bolt 28 passing
through a hole in an extension 30 from the short base of the
support. This bolt 28 is secured in the end of the holder 14 and,
as shown in FIG. 4, there may be a biasing spring 32 coiled about
the shaft of the bolt 28 to press downward against the extension 30
and ensure positive upward pressure by the support 22 on the front
of the ball 20.
A stop 34, located on the side of the oval holder 14 opposite the
throwing arm 10, resists the centrifugal force acting on the
football 20 as the throwing arm 10 rotates in a forward arc. At the
point in the arc where the centrifugal force overcomes the
resistance of the stop 34, the ball 20 will tend to move outward,
along the central axis of the throwing arm 10, and roll up over the
top of the side stop. In doing so, the ball 20 will be rotated
about an axis running from tip to tip and thus achieve a spiraled
motion as it leaves the holder. The stop 34 is preferably located
on the outer side of the holder 14 near an extension of the center
line of the throwing arm 10 and should be adjustable to achieve any
desired direction of flight. For example, in one embodiment, as
shown in FIGS. 1 through 4, the stop 34 is composed of a short bar
36 which pivots adjacent one end. The free end of the bar 36 has a
short protrusion 38 from its underside which engages a series of
slots or grooves 40 formed in a projection 42 extending from the
rear of the ball holder 14 in a direction generally parallel to
that of the throwing arm 10. At its other end, the bar 36 projects
slightly beyond the pivot point, and a vertical extension 44 rises
to give and L-shaped configuration. A short screw 46, or similar
member, is received in the extension 44, near its tip, and is
aligned generally parallel to the bar 36 and the major axis of the
holder 14. This stop mechanism is adjusted by moving the protrusion
38 from one to another of the various slots or serrations 40
provided, thus varying the angular alignment of the screw 46, in
the vertical extension 44, in relation to the axis of the throwing
arm 10. When the screw 46 is perpendicular to the throwing arm 10
and the direction of the centrifugal force, the football 20 will be
thrown straight out from the passer. As the angle between the screw
46 and the throwing arm 10 increases, looking from rear to front
along the holder 14, the football 20 will tend to leave the holder
14 front end first or generally inclined to the right, in a passer
constructed as in the drawings, and thus will be thrown to the
right. Similarly, as the angle between the screw 46 and the
throwing arm 10 decreases, the football 20 will leave the holder 14
rear end first or generally inclined to the left and thus will be
thrown to the left. In another embodiment (not shown), the side
stop comprises a slide mounted on a flat metal band, attached to
the side of the holder 14 and aligned parallel to the major axis of
the holder. The slide has a vertical projection which rises to
about the midpoint of the football. In operation, the slide is
moved along the metal band forward and back of the central axis of
the throwing arm 10. Thus, its position relative to the axis of the
throwing arm 10 affects the direction of flight in a manner similar
to the angular alignment of the stop 34 shown in the drawings.
In a preferred embodiment, the throwing arm 10 and ball holder 14
are pivoted in a forward arc by two identical springs 48 which are
attached at one end to the throwing arm 10 near its pivot point and
at the other end to the frame extensions 16, one spring to each
extension. The dual frame extensions 16 and springs 48 result in a
steady, even, forward pull and allow the throwing arm 10 to "follow
through," to simulate better the arm motion of a human passer. In a
typical throwing operation, the arm 10 is cocked and restrained in
a position generally parallel to the intended direction of flight
and perpendicular to the frame extensions 16, thus extending the
springs 48 to their greatest extent. In the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 1 through 4, the throwing arm is restrained by means of a
catch 50 in its trailing edge which locks into a trigger mechanism
52 in the side wall of the frame 12. When the throwing arm 10 is
released, the springs 48 pull it forward, rotating about its
stationary end, until it passes between the frame extensions 16, at
which point the ball 20 leaves the ball holder 14. As the throwing
arm 10 passes beyond the frame extensions 16 or "follows through,"
the reverse spring action slows it and then returns it to its
equilibrium position between the frame extensions 16.
The football passer becomes "automatic" in operation by the
inclusion of a timer-trigger mechanism. The timer portion of this
mechanism comprises a threaded arm 54 which traverses a generally
vertical threaded rod 56. This rod 56 is supported at its lower end
by a bracket 58 which permits free rotational movement of the rod.
At its upper end, the rod 56 is attached to an inertial device,
which may be a slightly arcuate arm 60 connected by any convenient
means so that it moves as a unit with the rod 56 and, together with
the rod, assumes a flattened Y-shaped configuration. Weighted knobs
62 are attached to either end of the arm 60. Thus, rotational
movement of the weighted knobs 62 will cause rotation of the rod 56
and resultant movement of the threaded arm 54 along the rod. The
duration of a time delay is related to the distance through which
the threaded arm 54 must travel before it is stopped at the upper
end of the threaded rod 56 and actuates the trigger 52, releasing
the throwing arm 10. This distance is selected by rotating the
weighted knobs 62 in the appropriate direction to cause the
threaded arm 54 to move down along the rod 56. The timer is set in
motion by vigorously spinning the weighted knobs 62, in a direction
opposite that used to select the time delay, which causes the
threaded arm 54 to move upward along the threaded rod 56. The
inertial character of the knobs sustains this movement until the
arm 54 reaches the upper end of the threaded rod 56, where it
contacts a stop 64, which may consist, for example, of two nuts
locked together. When the arm 54 reaches this position, it is
unable to travel further up the rod 56 and rotates with it. A cord
66 connects the free end of the threaded arm 54 with a spring
loaded, pivoting trigger arm 52 which engages a catch 50 on the
throwing arm 10. As the threaded arm 54 rotates, it tightens the
cord 66 and disengages the trigger 52 from the catch 50. The
throwing arm 10 is then free to pivot under the influence of the
springs 48 and throw the football 20. When the time delay is
selected for the next pass and the cord 66 is allowed to go slack,
a spring 68 returns the trigger 52 to a position to reengage the
catch 50. Two stops 70, located on either side of the trigger 52,
prevent excessive pivotal movement of that mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 through 4, the
timer-trigger mechanism is enclosed within a rectangular housing 72
with only the arm 60 and the weighted knobs 62 extending outside
the housing. The housing 72 may be a part of the frame 12, joining
the frame extensions 16 which also may be extensions of the top and
bottom of the housing, as shown in the drawings. Thus, the throwing
arm 10, when cocked, is held in place parallel to the longer side
of the housing 72 and the throwing arm catch 50 projects into the
housing 72, through a slot 74 in its side, to engage the trigger
52.
It is further contemplated that the entire passer should be mounted
on two parallel bipods 76 aligned in the general direction of
throw. These bipods 76, as best shown in FIG. 3, have legs of
unequal length and the shorter leg of each bipod 76 is aligned in
front of the longer leg. The passer is attached to the longer legs,
and is therefore positioned in a generally uphill manner such that
the throwing arm 10 rotates about an axis at a slight angle to the
vertical. Each leg of the bipods 76 is provided with a small hole
78 near its tip which receives metal pin or spike 80, preferably
about 10 inches long, which can be driven into the ground and thus
give added stability to the passer. For convenience in transporting
the passer, the bipods 76 are provided with hinges 82 which permit
the shorter leg of each bipod 76 to be folded flat against the
longer leg.
FIGS. 5-7 illustrate a second embodiment of a football passer
constructed according to the invention, including a cover guard for
increased safety, and utilizing components suitable for mass
production of the football passer. Like the embodiment of FIGS.
1-4, the football passer of FIGS. 5-7 comprises an elongated
throwing arm 10' pivotally mounted adjacent one end on a frame,
generally designated 12'. Adjacent the other end of the throwing
arm 10' is a football holder 14', which is part of the throwing arm
but is oriented at a slight, for example 51/2.degree., downward
angle from the upper surface of the throwing arm. Both the throwing
arm 10' and the holder 14' are preferably formed of aluminum and
have peripheral flanges 83 projecting at right angles to the plane
of each in both directions to give added rigidity.
In the embodiments of FIGS. 5-7, the two frame extensions 16' are
preferably manufactured of aluminum and in plan resemble hollow
trapezoids with one non-parallel side 84 being of substantially
greater width than the remaining sides. The wide sides 84 of the
two frame extensions 16' define the top and bottom of a housing
72', similar to the housing 72 of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-4. The
remaining sides of each frame extension 16' comprise a narrow metal
strip extending around the central opening in the frame extension.
A peripheral flange 85, similar to the flange 83, adds rigidity to
the narrow sides of each frame extension. The frame extensions 16'
not only provide a place for attaching the springs 48 for operating
the throwing arm but also support a cover guard 86, as described
herinafter.
The ball holder 14' is distinguished from the ball holder 14 of
FIGS. 1-4 in that the rear bracket 18' is reduced in size and the
forward support 22' is secured to the ball holder 14' by two screws
87 passing through slots 88 spaced on either side of the forward
support 22'. The stop 34', corresponding to the stop 34 of FIGS.
1-4, includes a bar 36' only long enough to accept a screw 90 for
securing the bar 36' to the upper surface of the ball holder
14'.
The timer-trigger mechanism of FIGS. 5-7 is essentially identical
to the mechanism of FIGS. 1-4 and is enclosed within the
rectangular housing 72'. A protruding arm 60', corresponding to the
arm 60 of FIGS. 1-4, instead of being slightly arcuate, has a
straight, flat center portion and two slightly inclined end
portions, each of which supports a weighted knob 62'. The knobs 62'
have cusps around their edges to provide a better grip for rotating
the arm 60'.
The top and bottom of the housing 72' are defined by the wide sides
84 of the frame extensions 16'. Three sides of the housing 72' are
provided by a three sided member 91, which includes on one side a
pair of spaced-apart, triangularly shaped lugs 92 having aligned
holes for supporting the pivoted end of the throwing arm 10'. A
screw 93 passes through the holes in the lugs 92 and a hole in the
pivoted end of the throwing arm 10' to mount the throwing arm. The
support bracket 58' for the rod 56' of the timer-trigger mechanism
and one trigger stop 70' are formed integrally with the member 91.
The fourth side of the housing 72' is formed by a side panel 94,
which is removable for convenient access to the timer-trigger
mechanism. The side panel 94 may be fabricated of plastic as it
supports no weight. The member 91 should be fabricated of a
stronger material, such as aluminum, because it supports the
throwing arm 10'.
A plastic cover guard 86, referred to previously, restricts access
to the throwing arm 10'. The cover guard 86 includes a generally
flat portion 96, which has approximately the same outer lateral
dimensions as the frame extensions 16', and a raised portion 98,
which is arranged along one side of the flat portion 96. The raised
portion 98 of the cover guard 86 extends from a point slightly
ahead of the forward sides of the frame extensions 16' rearward in
an arc to a point that permits the football holder 14' to be
completely exposed when the throwing arm 10' is latched against the
housing 72'. The raised cover guard portion 98 has a generally
semicircular cross-section at its trailing edge and it gradually
flares radially outward towards its forward edge. At the forward
edge of the raised portion 98, the outer quarter-circle of its
cross-section has obtained a substantially L-shaped configuration,
as best seen in FIG. 5. The cover guard 86 thus guards against
accidental contact with the moving throwing arm 10', without
restricting the possible direction of flight of the football
20.
The football passer of FIGS. 5-7 is mounted on two tubular steel
bipods 76' which are aligned in the general direction of throw.
Screws passing through the lower frame extension 16' and a leg of
each bipod 76' secure the frame to the bipods. As shown in FIG. 6,
the lower frame extension 16' includes a short mounting projection
100 to provide a larger surface for securing the frame to the left
hand bipod 76'. The bipods 76' have legs of unequal length and the
shorter leg of each bipod 76' is aligned in front of the longer
leg. Although the longer legs of the bipods 76' are generally
parallel, the shorter legs are angled not only downward from the
longer legs but also away from each other, to enhance the stability
of the passer. The tip 102 of each leg is bent at an angle from the
rest of the leg to define a foot which rests generally flat on the
ground.
It will be understood that the above described embodiments are
merely exemplary and that those skilled in the art may make many
variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention. All such variations and modifications are
intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the
appended claims.
* * * * *