U.S. patent number 3,925,773 [Application Number 05/393,566] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-09 for alarm signal processing system and method.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Emergency Products Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert Leonard Green.
United States Patent |
3,925,773 |
Green |
December 9, 1975 |
Alarm signal processing system and method
Abstract
Digital system and method for distinguishing alarm conditions
from spurious disturbances. The system is connected to the output
of an existing alarm system, and it includes an oscillator which
produces a cyclical signal in response to the alarm system output
signal. The oscillator signal is counted by a counter which is
reset periodically, and an alarm signal is delivered if the counter
reaches a predetermined level before being reset.
Inventors: |
Green; Robert Leonard
(Teddington, EN) |
Assignee: |
Emergency Products Corporation
(Parsippany, NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
23555259 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/393,566 |
Filed: |
August 31, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
367/94; 340/529;
342/28; 340/554 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G08B
13/1627 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G08B
13/16 (20060101); G08B 013/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/258A,261,258R
;343/5PD,7.7 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Swann, III; Glen R.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a system for processing the output signal of an alarm system
to distinguish alarm conditions from spurious disturbances,
oscillator means responsive to the alarm system output signal for
producing a cyclical signal of predetermined frequency in the event
of a predetermined condition in the alarm system output signal,
means for counting the cycles of the signal produced by the
oscillator means, means for resetting the means for counting to an
initial level a predetermined time after the oscillator means is
actuated, and means for providing an alarm signal when the number
of cycles of predetermined frequency counted reaches a
predetermined number.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the means for counting comprises a
digital counter.
3. In a method for processing the output signal of an alarm system
to distinguish alarm conditions from spurious disturbances, the
steps of actuating an oscillator to produce a cyclical signal of
predetermined frequency in response to the alarm system output
signal, counting the cycles of the signal produced by the
oscillator, resetting the oscillator to an initial level a
predetermined time after the oscillator is actuated, and delivering
an alarm signal when the number of cycles counted reaches a
predetermined number.
4. The method of claim 3 further including the step of resetting
the counter to its initial level in response to the alarm signal.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains generally to security alarm systems and
more particularly to a system and method for processing alarm
signals to distinguish alarm signals from spurious
disturbances.
In conventional Doppler alarm systems, energy is transmitted at a
predetermined frequency into a space to be protected. Energy
reflected by objects in the space is received by a sensor. When any
movement or other disturbance occurs in the space, a Doppler
frequency shift occurs, and the signal received by the sensor
differs in frequency from the transmitted signal by an amount
corresponding to the rate at which a disturbing object moves. The
frequency-shifted signal is detected and used to activate an
alarm.
Doppler alarm systems inherently have high sensitivity, and they
are subject to false alarms in response to disturbances of short
duration, such as pipes knocking or a heater turning on. There is a
need for a new and improved system and method which can distinguish
disturbances of short duration from the movements of an
intruder.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a signal processing system and method
utilizing a digital approach for distinguishing the movements of an
intruder from disturbances of shorter duration. The system is
connected to the output of an existing alarm system, and it
includes an oscillator which produces a cyclical signal in response
to the alarm system output signal. The oscillator signal is counted
by a counter which is reset periodically, and an alarm signal is
delivered if the counter reaches a predetermined level before being
reset.
It is in general an object of the invention to provide a new and
improved system and method for distinguishing alarm signals from
signals produced by other disturbances.
Another object of the invention is to provide a system and method
of the above character utilizing digital techniques.
Another object of the invention is to provide a system of the above
character which can be connected to the output of an existing alarm
system.
Additional objects and features of the invention will be apparent
from the following description in which the preferred embodiments
are set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying
drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The drawing is a block diagram of one embodiment of a signal
processing system incorporating the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The invention is illustrated in connection with an alarm system 5
which in the embodiment illustrated includes a Doppler system 10
and an anti-turbulence circuit 11 which can, for example, be of the
type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,638,210, issued Jan. 25, 1972. It
will be understood, however, that the invention can be utilized
with other types of alarm systems. In the system illustrated,
energy of a predetermined frequency is delivered to a transducer 12
from which it is transmitted into a room or other area to be
protected. A receiving transducer 13 senses energy reflected by
objects in the protected space, and the system includes means for
processing the received energy to produce a Doppler signal having a
frequency corresponding to the rate of movement of the objects
which reflect the energy. The energy preferably is in the
ultrasonic range, although it can be a high audio frequency or
other suitable frequency such as radio frequency energy, if
desired.
The Doppler signal passes to the anti-turbulence circuit which
provides some discrimination between signals corresponding to the
movements of intruders and signals produced by other disturbances
such as air turbulence. This discrimination is generally made on
the basis of the magnitude and/or frequency of the signals, and in
the system shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,638,210, for example, it is
made on the basis of frequency and duration.
As illustrated, alarm system 5 includes an output stage 14 which
comprises a level detector, such as a Schmitt trigger, or other
suitable device for delivering an output signal to an output
terminal 16 when the signal from the anti-turbulence circuit
reaches or exceeds a predetermined level.
Connected to the output of the alarm system are an oscillator 17
and the input of a delay circuit 18. The output of the delay
circuit is connected to a reset input of anti-turbulence circuit
11. In the preferred embodiment, the delay circuit comprises a
one-shot multivibrator, and the delay circuit and anti-turbulence
circuit are arranged in such manner that the anti-turbulence
circuit is reset a predetermined time after the level detector
fires if the Doppler signal is below a predetermined level. The
circuit is not reset if the signal is at or above the predetermined
level.
Oscillator 17 can be a circuit of conventional design which
produces a cyclical output signal. For example, it can be an
astable multivibrator or a relaxation oscillator. The output of the
level detector in the output stage of the alarm system is applied
to the oscillator in such manner that the oscillator is actuated to
produce an output signal only when the level detector is in its
fired condition, that is when the Doppler signal exceeds the level
set by the level detector. The level detector can either control
the energization of the oscillator, as illustrated, or it can
control a logic gate through which the oscillator signal passes. If
a logic gate is employed, the oscillator can operate
continuously.
The output of the oscillator is applied to the input of a preset
counter 19. This counter produces an output signal when the count
registered in it reaches a predetermined level. In the preferred
embodiment, counter 19 is a digital counter, although other types
of counters can be used, if desired. For example, it can consist of
an integrator followed by a level detector.
The output of counter 19 is connected to the trigger input of a
monostable multivibrator 21 which produces an output pulse in
response to the output of the counter. The output of multivibrator
21 is connected to an alarm 22 of convention design.
Means is provided for resetting counter 19 to its initial level a
predetermined time after the Doppler signal is received. This means
includes a timer 23, which in the preferred embodiment comprises a
monostable multivibrator having a period on the order of 10 seconds
to 2 minutes. The trigger input of timer 23 is connected to the
output of level detector 14, and the output of the timer is
connected to the reset input of counter 19. The output of
multivibrator 21 is connected to the reset input of timer 23 to
provide means for resetting counter 19 to its initial level in the
event the alarm is actuated.
Operation and use of the system described above, and therein the
method of the invention, can be described briefly. Doppler system
10 and anti-turbulence circuit 11 operate in a known manner to
provide a Doppler signal at the output of the anti-turbulence
circuit, the Doppler signal having a frequency corresponding to the
rate of movement in a protected area. If the signal exceeds the
predetermined level set by the level detector in output stage 14,
the level detector fires, actuating oscillator 17. The oscillator
remains actuated as long as the level detector is in its fired
condition, that is for the duration of the Doppler signal. The
number of cycles in the signal produced by the oscillator is
counted by counter 19, and when the count registered reaches the
predetermined number, the counter delivers an output signal to
multivibrator 21. The multivibrator fires in response to this
output signal and actuates alarm 22.
Timer 23 is triggered by the initial firing of the level detector
in the output stage of the alarm system, and it delivers a reset
signal to counter 19 a predetermined time after the level detector
fires. This signal resets the counter to its initial level. Thus,
the alarm will be actuated only if the Doppler signal causes
oscillator 17 to produce a predetermined number of cycles within a
predetermined period of time.
When the alarm is actuated, multivibrator 21 delivers a reset
signal to timer 23, and the timer resets counter 19.
In the event that the Doppler signal exceeds the level set by the
level detector but is below the level determined by delay circuit
18 and anti-turbulence circuit 11, the anti-turbulence circuit will
be reset after the level detector fires, and the level detector
will remain in its fired condition only briefly. In this case,
oscillator 17 will be actuated only briefly, and counter 19 will be
reset before it can register the number of counts required to
actuate the alarm system. If the Doppler signal exceeds the level
set by the delay circuit and the anti-turbulence circuit, the
anti-turbulence circuit will not be reset, and the system will
operate as described previously.
Thus far, the invention has been described with specific reference
to a particular Doppler alarm system. However, it will be
understood that it can be used to process the signals produced by
other types of alarm systems as well, and in most cases it can
simply be connected to the output of an existing system.
It is apparent from the foregoing that a new and improved alarm
signal processing system and method have been provided. While only
the presently preferred embodiments have been described, as will be
apparent to those familiar with the art, certain changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the
invention as defined by the following claims.
* * * * *