U.S. patent number 3,925,014 [Application Number 05/483,228] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-09 for instrument sterilization.
Invention is credited to Robert S. Langdon.
United States Patent |
3,925,014 |
Langdon |
December 9, 1975 |
Instrument sterilization
Abstract
A rack for storing and supporting, at the time of use, sterile
hinged instruments. The rack is comprised of an openwork frame and
includes a pair of removable retaining bars which respectively hold
the instruments in the open position during sterilization and
retain the instruments on the rack until use thereof is desired
regardless of the position of the rack.
Inventors: |
Langdon; Robert S. (East
Hampton, CT) |
Family
ID: |
23919226 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/483,228 |
Filed: |
June 26, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
422/310; 206/370;
422/300; 211/70.7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61L
2/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61L
2/26 (20060101); A61L 003/02 (); A47F 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;21/105,83,90,103,82R
;211/7,13,6T,124,184 ;206/363,370,72 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Richman; Barry S.
Assistant Examiner: Lovercheck; Dale
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A surgical instrument rack for supporting instruments during the
cleaning and sterilization of said instruments comprising:
means for supporting a plurality of elongated hinged instruments in
side-by-side alignment, said supporting means consisting of an
open-work frame means comprising plural support surface means
whereby each instrument is supported by at least two said support
surface means, said at least two said support surface means being
horizontally and vertically offset from each other whereby the
handle ends of instruments disposed on said supporting means are
displaced vertically above the working ends thereof;
means for releasably engaging one handle portion of each of the
instruments disposed on said supporting means;
frame extension means connected to said supporting means frame for
receiving and supporting said releasably engaging means vertically
above an inclined plane defined by said support surface means
whereby an engaged instrument handle portion will be displaced away
from the other handle portion of each such engaged hinged
instrument and the instruments may be held in the open condition
during cleaning and sterilizing; and
instrument retaining means, said retaining means separably engaging
said supporting means and cooperating with said supporting means
and the instruments disposed thereon to prevent accidental
separation of instruments from the frame when in an installed
position, said retaining means being removed from contact with said
supporting means when it is desired to use the instruments.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said releasable engaging means
comprises:
an elongated bar;
and wherein said frame extension means comprises:
means for supporting said elongated bar; and
locking means for preventing accidental removal of said bar.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said retaining means
comprises:
an elongated bar, said bar being normally in contact with said
supporting means and cooperating with handles of the instruments to
prevent substantial movement of the handle portion of each
instrument which contacts said supporting means with respect to
said supporting means; and
locking means for preventing accidental removal of said bar.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said releasable engaging means
comprises:
a second elongated bar;
and wherein said frame extension means comprises:
means for supporting said second elongated bar; and
locking means for preventing accidental removal of said second
bar.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
movable separator means, said separator means engaging said
supporting means and extending generally parallel to instruments
positioned thereon for arranging said instruments in groups and
supporting said groups of instruments in a generally vertical side
orientation.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said separator means
comprise:
resilient members releasably engaging said supporting means at two
spatially displaced points.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said supporting means further
comprises:
a pair of generally parallelly oriented side members;
a pair of downwardly extending leg extensions on each of said side
members, first legs of each of said pair of said leg extensions
being of greater length than the other leg of each pair; and
wherein said support surface means comprises
a plurality of spaced apart parallel bars, said bars being affixed
to and generally transversely oriented with respect to said side
members, said bars being positioned so as to contact and support
instruments with the center of gravity of the instruments located
intermediate the contacting parallel bars.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said retaining means
comprises:
a first elongated bar, said first elongated bar being normally in
contact with said supporting means and being displaced toward the
instrument handle receiving side of said supporting means from said
side member first leg extensions, said bar preventing substantial
movement of the handle portions of the instruments with respect to
said supporting means; and
blocking means for preventing accidental removal of said first
elongated bar.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said releasable engaging means
comprises:
a second elongated bar; and wherein said frame extension means
comprises:
means for supporting said second elongated bar; and
locking means for preventing accidental removal of said second
bar.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising:
movable resilient members engaging said supporting means at two
spatially displaced points, said resilient members extending
generally transverse to said spaced instrument contacting parallel
bars and serving to separate instruments on said rack into groups.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the handling of tools, and
particularly surgical instruments, which must be maintained in an
ultra-clean condition, presented at the time of use in a manner
which facilitates their manipulation and which must be thoroughly
cleaned after each use. More specifically, this invention is
directed to a surgical instrument rack on which sets of instruments
may be retained during both cleansing and storage and,
additionally, which can be used to present groups of instruments to
operating room personnel in the desired order. Accordingly, the
general objects of the present invention are to provide novel and
improved methods and apparatus of such character.
2. Description of the Prior Art
While not limited thereto in its utility, the present invention is
particularly well suited for use in the storage and handling of
surgical instruments. In the interest of facilitating and
standardizing operating room procedure it is common practice to
group surgical instruments into standard or basic sets; the set
brought to the operating room being determined by the surgical
procedure to be followed. These standard groups of instruments are
stored in the sterilized condition and, subsequent to use, are
subjected to a multi-step cleaning procedure.
In the routine handling of surgical instruments care must be taken
to insure that all instruments have been thoroughly cleaned prior
to sterilization. Thus, the instruments will first be subjected to
a cleaning which may include immersion in an ultra-sonic bath to
remove all foreign matter. Thereafter, the instruments will be
assembled into a basic set, and the set will be arranged in a
perforated or wire-meshed bottom tray for sterilization. During
preliminary cleaning and sterilization all jointed instruments must
be open or unlocked to permit contact of the steam with all
surfaces.
In the operating room the instruments will typically be removed
from the tray in which they have been sterilized and will be
arranged on a Mayo stand in a manner which permits their being
handed to the surgeon as needed without delay. The arrangement of a
plurality of instruments, for example jointed clamps, in loose
fashion on the stand presents the possibility of accidental
droppage thus often necessitating emergency sterilization. The
numerous manipulative steps required between each use also presents
the possibility that an instrument may be inadvertently misplaced
and thus will not be in a basic set when needed.
For the reasons briefly discussed above, there is a need and desire
for a technique and apparatus which will minimize the handling of
instruments during the cleansing process by eliminating the
preparation for each basic step in the cleaning technique. For
jointed instruments this requires that some means be provided for
facilitating the opening and retaining of the instruments in the
open condition during cleaning and sterilization. A concomitant
desire is the elimination of the possibility of loss of any
instrument from a basic set during processing. This desire may be
expressed in terms of the objective of keeping the instruments of a
basic set together at all times except when the instruments are in
the surgeon's hands.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention achieves the above objectives by providing a
novel surgical instrument rack particularly well suited for use
with general hinged surgical instruments. Thus, in accordance with
the present invention, a rack is provided upon which basic sets of
hinged surgical instruments will remain at all times except when in
the surgeon's hands.
A rack in accordance with the present invention may be employed
during cleaning and subsequent sterilization and will retain the
instruments positioned thereon in the unlocked and open condition.
A rack in accordance with the present invention includes an
open-work frame for supporting the instruments, and a pair of
removable retaining bars. The first of these bars will hold the
instruments in the opened condition during cleaning and
sterilization. A second of these bars will retain the instruments
on the rack until use, regardless of the position of the rack, and
will only be removed in the operating room.
An instrument rack in accordance with the invention also includes a
plurality of removable spacers which permit segregation of and
which also support sub-groups of instruments thus facilitating use
of such instruments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The present invention may be better understood and its numerous
objects and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the
art by reference to the accompanying drawing wherein like reference
numerals refer to like elements in the two figures and in
which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the
invention, FIG. 1 depicting the invention supporting a hinged
surgical instrument in the position which will be assumed during
sterilization; and
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of the FIG. 1
embodiment, FIG. 2 depicting the invention in the condition it will
assume in an operating theater when the instruments are to be
withdrawn therefrom for use.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference now simultaneously to FIGS. 1 and 2, the instrument
rack of the present invention comprises a main or outer frame
member which defines a pair of parallel supporting feet 10 and 12.
The feet portions 10 and 12 are, in a preferred embodiment,
integral with and interconnected by side members 14 and 16. The
side members 14 and 16 are shaped as shown and extend generally
upwardly from the front to the back of the rack; the rack front
being defined by foot portion 12.
A plurality of parallel bars extend transversely of the side
members 14 and 16 and are affixed thereto by any suitable technique
such as, for example, welding. In the disclosed embodiment of the
invention there are four transversely extending bars as indicated
at 18, 20, 22 and 24. Bars 18, 20 and 22 serve to support the
instruments. The intermediate bar 20, which is not shown as
performing any function in the disclosed embodiment, will support
the forward ends of hinged instruments of shorter length than the
instruments 26 and 28 respectively of FIGS. 1 and 2. Supporting
bars 18 and 22 define a first plane which is inclined upwardly
toward the rear or instrument handle supporting side of the rack.
Similarly bars 20 and 22 define a second inclined plane. The bars
18, 20 and 22 are positioned such that the center of gravity of
each instrument is intermediate bar 22 and the forwardly disposed
one of transverse bars 18 and 20 on which the front end of the
instrument is supported.
A rack in accordance with the present invention also includes a
removable retaining bar 30 which, as shown in FIG. 1, will be
supported on the oppositely disposed upper ends of frame side
members 14 and 16. Bar 30 is generally L-shaped and may be locked
on the rack by being rotated to the position shown in FIG. 1. Bar
30 passes behind the cooperating serrated locking posts of the
instruments disposed on the rack and above one of the hinged arms
of each instrument. Bar 30 will prevent the instruments from
falling off the rack even if it is inverted. Under normal
circumstances, however, bar 30 does not contact the instruments.
Bar 30 is removed by being rotated and then withdrawn to the left,
as the rack is shown in FIG. 1, when it is desired to use
instruments carried by the rack.
A second removable bar 32 engages one finger grip portion of the
handle of each instrument as shown in the case of instrument 26 in
FIG. 1. Bar 32 will hold the thus engaged instruments in the open
position during cleaning and sterilization. The handle engaging bar
32, when in use, is supported on a pair of upward extensions 34 and
36 of the rack. Frame extensions 34 and 36 will preferably be
integral with the instrument contacting bar 22. Extensions 34 and
36 will be provided, at the upper ends, with bar receiving
apertures which may be defined by washers 38 and 40. The washers,
or other suitable bar receiving means, will typically be welded to
extensions 34 and 36 and extension 34 will also be provided with a
spring clamp 42 which will engage and thus hold bar 32 against
accidental removal. At the end of a cleaning procedure the bar 32
will be removed from the frame and the instruments will assume the
closed and unlocked position of instrument 28 of FIG. 2. Thus,
removable bar 32 will only be employed during the cleaning process
whereas removable bar 30 will remain with the rack at all times
except when the instruments are in use. It is also to be noted that
the extensions 34 and 36 may be designed or mounted for pivoting or
rotation so that they can be swung downwardly out of the way upon
completion of the cleaning process.
A surgical instrument rack in accordance with the present invention
may also include a plurality of spring loaded separators such as
separator 44. As may best be seen from FIG. 2, the separators 44
will engage the forwardly disposed support bar 18 and will also, by
virtue of a spring-type socket, engage the transverse bar 24. The
separators 44 are employed to arrange instruments on the rack in
predetermined groups and also, as may be seen in the case of
instrument 26 in FIG. 1, to support the end instrument of each
group in a substantially vertical orientation whereby the
instruments may be readily removed from the rack.
A surgical instrument rack in accordance with the present invention
will typically be comprised of stainless steel and, in the design
and fabrication of the rack, the number of joints or crevices in
which foreign matter might accumulate will be minimized. The latter
objective is, in part, accomplished by using round stock.
As will be obvious to those skilled in the art, instruments
arranged on the rack of the present invention will remain on the
rack at all times except when in the hands of the surgeon. When use
of the instruments has been completed they will be immediately
returned to the rack and the bar 30 reinserted. Thereafter, at the
initiation of the cleaning procedure, the bar 32 will be engaged
with the instrument handles whereby the instruments may be held in
the open position throughout the cleaning procedures. When cleaning
and sterilization has been completed the bar 32 will be removed and
the rack and instruments thereon wrapped in sterile fabric
material, and returned to storage until the next use.
While a preferred embodiment has been shown and described, various
modifications and substitutions may be made thereto, without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly,
it is to be understood the present invention has been described by
way of illustration and not limitation.
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