U.S. patent number 3,924,796 [Application Number 05/266,721] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-09 for packaging containers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tetra Pak Developpement SA. Invention is credited to Gad Anders Rausing, Sven Gosta Uno Sevrell, Sven Olof Soren Stark.
United States Patent |
3,924,796 |
Rausing , et al. |
December 9, 1975 |
Packaging containers
Abstract
A packaging container and method of making same in which the
finished container has a sealing fin extending upwardly from the
top of the container and transversely of the container, said fin
comprising two sections of the container blank which are heat
sealed together by the use of a layer of thermoplastic material on
the sections said layer being molecularly oriented in the
longitudinal direction of the fin so that opening of the package
may be facilitated.
Inventors: |
Rausing; Gad Anders (Lund,
SW), Stark; Sven Olof Soren (Rydsgard, SW),
Sevrell; Sven Gosta Uno (Lund, SW) |
Assignee: |
Tetra Pak Developpement SA
(Lausanne, CH)
|
Family
ID: |
20275110 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/266,721 |
Filed: |
June 27, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
229/214;
229/5.84; 428/317.7; 428/318.6; 428/319.9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B
27/065 (20130101); B65D 5/068 (20130101); B32B
27/302 (20130101); B32B 5/18 (20130101); B65D
5/563 (20130101); B29C 48/00 (20190201); B05D
7/02 (20130101); Y10T 428/249985 (20150401); Y10T
428/249993 (20150401); B32B 2307/514 (20130101); B32B
2325/00 (20130101); B29C 48/08 (20190201); B32B
2439/00 (20130101); B32B 2266/0228 (20130101); Y10T
428/249988 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
B29C
47/00 (20060101); B65D 5/06 (20060101); B65D
5/02 (20060101); B65D 5/56 (20060101); B05D
7/02 (20060101); B65D 005/74 () |
Field of
Search: |
;229/37,17G,3.5R
;161/402,160,232,250,270,402 ;220/27 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Pierce, Scheffler & Parker
Claims
We claim:
1. In a packaging container formed from a flat blank of a
polystyrene foam packaging material having at least one layer of at
least one homogeneous thermoplastic material thereon, the container
having, at the top thereof, a sealing fin extending upwardly from
the top of the package and transversely thereacross, said fin being
formed by heat sealing together two sections of the blank, the
improvement wherein the at least one layer of at least one
homogeneous thermoplastic material on the sections forming the fin
are molecularly oriented only in the longitudinal direction of the
sealing fin across the top of the container, to facilitate tearing
said fin to open the container.
2. A packaging container as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least
one homogeneous thermoplastic material is selected from the group
consisting of polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene.
3. A packaging container as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least
one homogeneous thermoplastic material is polystyrene.
Description
The present invention relates to a packing container of the type
that is manufactured from a web or a flat blank of a
thermoplastic-coated carrier material by folding and hot-sealing of
the packing material, the intention being to close the packing
container formed after filling by means of sealing along a sealing
fin which extends transversely across the packing containers.
In the manufacture of disposable packages, especially for liquids,
a packing material is often used which consists of a carrier layer
which is coated, at least on the side which is intended to form the
inside of the packing containers, with a homogeneous, heat-sealable
plastic material. The carrier material used most commonly is paper
or cardboard and the coating material occurring most commonly is
probably polyethylene, and the packing material is manufactured
most frequently in the form of a web, from which either package
blanks are punched out, or from which the packing containers are
made by folding the web into a tube which is then sealed along its
longitudinal edges, whereupon the tube can be filled with the
filling goods and be sealed up to individual packages by means of
successive transverse sealings at a distance from one another.
If the packing containers are intended to be manufactured from
blanks, these are punched out first, as mentioned above, from the
packing material web, whereupon the said blanks are formed to
packing containers by folding them along folding lines, preferably
provided in advance, which facilitate the folding, and these
packing containers are then closed by heat-sealing, which is made
possible by virtue of the said thermoplastic coatings.
The packages of the abovementioned type, which are manufactured of
paper or cardboard with a thermoplastic layer of e.g. polyethylene,
are relatively hard to open, however, since the carrier material
layer is difficult to tear and the thermoplastic layer supplies a
tough inner membrane which renders more difficult the ripping open
of the packages. To facilitate the opening of these known packages
it is customary to arrange tearing indications in the package walls
in the form of perforations partly breaking through the package
walls. It has become apparent, however, that these tearing
indications are not as effective as would be desired, and that it
is difficult besides to arrange these tearing indications in the
packing material in such a manner that an absolute guarantee exists
that the packaging material will not be completely punched
through.
To overcome the disadvantages mentioned above it is suggested in
accordance with the present invention to provide a packing
container which is characterized in that the carrier material is
made of polystyrene foam which is coated with one or more plastic
layers of one or more thermoplastic materials which plastic layer
or layers is or are given molecular orientation in a direction
which coincides with the longitudinal direction of the said sealing
fins.
The invention concerns the manner of manufacture of a packing
container in accordance with the invention, which manner is
characterized in that a web of polystyrene foam is coated by
extrusion with one or more homogenuous layers of thermoplastic
material, the coating being carried out so that the speed of the
web is kept higher than the speed at which the thermoplastic
material issues from the extruder, which has the result that the
thermoplastic layer or layers is or are subjected to a
molecule-orientating stretching in connection with the coating,
that the packing blanks are punched from the web, the said blanks
at the punching being orientated in such a manner in relation to
the web, that the parts which are intended to form the sealing fins
of the packing containers are orientated in the longitudinal
direction of the web.
The invention will be described in the following with reference to
the enclosed diagrammatic drawing, in which;
FIG. 1 shows a packing material web indicating a row of packing
blanks arranged one after the other,
FIG. 2 shows a finished package and how the same is opened,
FIG. 3 shows a method for the manufacture of packing material for
packages in accordance with the invention, and
FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross-section through a packaging material
web.
FIG. 1 shows a packing material web 1, on which packing blanks 2
are arranged one after the other. In the figure are shown the
packing blanks 2 before they are separated from the web but after
the folding lines facilitating the folding have been put on the web
1. As is apparent from FIG. 1, the packing blanks 2 are oriented
across the packing material web 1, and each packing blank 2 has
four side walls 4 and a longitudinal joint section 13, which is
intended to be used as a connecting section when the packing blank
2 through folding has acquired tubular shape with square or
rectangular cross-section. Each one of the packing blanks 2 is
provided moreover with top closure sections 5,9,10, and bottom
closure flaps 7,8,11. The hatched areas 6 are meant to be punched
away from the web and the punched away material has to be removed
as unavoidable waste.
The top closure sections of the packing blank 2 comprise two
rectangular sections 5 and two triangular sections 9, the sections
5 and 9 being joined to one another by means of triangular
backfolding sections 10. The rectangular sections 5 as well as the
backfolding sections 10 are joined moreover to the sealing section
3.
At the formation of the top of the packages the triangular sections
9 are folded in towards one another over the opening of the packing
container, the backfolding sections 10 coming to be located between
the rectangular sections 5 and the triangular sections 9. The
closure sections 3 will be placed together to form a flattened
sealing fin 16.
The bottom of the package is formed in a similar manner as the top
of the package, but with the difference that the bottom-forming
flaps 7,8,11,12 are not connected to any sealing section, but the
sealing of the bottom is done in that the longer of the rectangular
bottom sections 8 with its outer part has to overlap the shorter
rectangular flap 7 and that all the bottom-forming sections are
folded together in a flat bottom which is pressed together between
heated surfaces so that the thermoplastic coatings are made to melt
and retain the bottom-forming sections in the position where they
are inserted in each other.
In FIG. 2a is shown a finished package in which the folded together
closure sections 3 form a sealing fin 16. The sealing sections 3
are sealed to each other along a sealing region 17, which in the
case shown here does not extend over the whole height of the
sealing fin 16.
By arranging the top closure of the package in the above manner a
tight and stable package is obtained. However, if the package is to
be manufactured e.g. of cardboard it will be very difficult to open
it even if scissors or a knife are used, since it will be necessary
to cut or clip through four layers of cardboard below the sealing
area 17 of the sealing fin, that is to say in the area marked 18 in
FIG. 2a.
If the packing material instead of cardboard is made of foamed
plastic, e.g. an extruded polystyrene foam which is coated with a
layer of homogeneous plastic oriented in longitudinal direction of
the web the opening work will become considerably easier, owing to
the fact that an extruded film of polystyrene foam will be readily
tearable without any weakening being provided beforehand in the
packing material. This homogeneous foamed plastic layer can in fact
be readily torn in orientation direction, whilst it is very
difficult to rip it in other directions. By using in this manner a
polystyrene foam as a carrier packing material and an oriented
homogeneous plastic film, preferably polystyrene film, as a coating
material on the carrier layer, the packing material can very easily
be torn in the direction of orientation of the homogeneous plastic
layer whilst it can be torn only with difficulty in other
directions. As it is desired in the present case to open the
package by ripping up the sealing fin 16 below the sealing region
17, the packaging blanks are punched out of a web in the manner as
shown in FIG. 1, where the carrier packing material layer consists
of extruded polystyrene foam and the homogeneous plastic layer
consists of polystyrene film which is molecule-oriented in
longitudinal direction of the web. Since the homogeneous plastic
layer in the embodiment shown here has its direction of orientation
in the same direction as the length of the sealing fin 16, it
becomes simple to rip off the sealing fin 16 along the area 18
below the sealing region 17, but for further facilitation of the
tearing it is of course possible to provide a light perforation or
slots along the tearing area 18.
When the sealing fin 16 has been ripped up along the ripping area
18, as illustrated in FIG. 2b. the ripped-up parts of the fin 16
are folded out or torn off, whereupon the folded-in triangular flap
19 can be pulled out in the manner as shown in FIG. 2c to form a
rhomboidal opening 20, through which the contents in the packages
14 become accessible.
The invention also relates to the manner of manufacture of a
packing material of the kind which is used in packages in
accordance with the invention, that is to say a packing material
which consists of a web of polystyrene foam with a coat of
homogeneous, molecule-oriented plastic material, which is
molecule-oriented in the direction of the web. The homogeneous
plastic material may preferably consist of homogeneous polystyrene
film and the polystyrene foam web can likewise preferably be
extruded. In FIg. 3 is shown how a previously manufactured,
extruded polystyrene foam web 30 is rolled off a cylinder 25 and is
passed over guide rolls 26,27 and subsequently underneath an
extruder 31. Through the extruder 31 is extruded a homogeneous
polystyrene film 32 which is placed on the polystyrene foam web 30,
whereupon the coated web 30 is introduced between cooled press
rolls 28,29 for a lamination of the material.
By keeping the speed of the web 30 appreciably higher than the
speed of extrusion of the polystyrene material from the extruder
31, a stretching of the extruded polystyrene film 32 takes place,
which stretching may be between 5 and 20 times. By virtue of the
stretching in conjunction with the lamination a molecule
orientation of the extruded polystyrene plastic is achieved which,
as described earlier, has the result that the layer of polystyrene
plastic can readily be ripped open in the direction of orientation,
whilst it can be torn only with difficulties in other
directions.
Finally in FIG. 4 is shown an enlarged cross-section through a
manufactured packing material web, the polystyrene foam layer being
marked 30 and the extruded and oriented homogeneous polystyrene
layer marked 32.
It was found that an excellent packing material for the
abovementioned purpose is obtained when a previously extruded
polystyrene foam web of a thickness between 0.25 and 1.5 mm is
coated with a homogeneous polystyrene film which in this orientated
layer has a thickness between 0.02 and 0.2 mm. It was found that
plastic material other than polystyrene can also be used as a
coating layer, and it was found possible for example to use
polyethylene or polypropylene. The best results were achieved,
however, with polystyrene as a coating material.
It is also possible of course to coat the outside of the
polystyrene foam with a plastic layer so as to enhance the
appearance of the package. The polystyrene foam material is not
moisture-absorbing in the same manner as paper or cardboard
however, and an outside coating of plastic material is therefore
not essential as a protection of the packages against atmospheric
moisture.
* * * * *