U.S. patent number 3,924,769 [Application Number 05/534,859] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-09 for single use safety closure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Owens-Illinois, Inc.. Invention is credited to William E. Fillmore.
United States Patent |
3,924,769 |
Fillmore |
December 9, 1975 |
Single use safety closure
Abstract
A safety closure particularly adapted for single use containers.
The safety closure includes an internally threaded main body. A
flexible skirt is attached to the lower portion of the main body by
a flexible circumferential ring. The skirt includes a plurality of
inwardly directed interior projections. An annular locking ring is
molded as a part of the closure, the locking ring being formed
below the skirt and attached thereto by frangible ribs. In use, the
locking ring is pushed upward to surround the skirt, fracturing the
frangible ribs in the process. When the closure is placed on a
container with the locking ring in place, the projections on the
skirt will cooperate with external projections on the container
finish to define a one-way ratchet drive. So long as the locking
ring remains in place, the closure cannot be removed. When the
locking ring is pushed off of the skirt, the skirt can flex
sufficiently to allow disengagement of the one-way ratchet drive,
thus allowing removal of the closure from the container.
Inventors: |
Fillmore; William E. (Sylvania,
OH) |
Assignee: |
Owens-Illinois, Inc. (Toledo,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
24131818 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/534,859 |
Filed: |
December 20, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
215/216; 215/253;
215/330; 215/221; 215/274 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
41/34 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
41/34 (20060101); B65D 045/32 (); B65D
055/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;215/216,220,221,252,253,272,274,330 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Norton; Donald F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McLary; Steve M. Holler; Edward
J.
Claims
I claim:
1. A safety closure for a container, said container including a
finish portion having threads formed on the exterior thereof and a
plurality of external projections located below and adjacent to
said threads, said safety closure comprising, in combination:
a main body member having threads formed in the interior thereof
for engagement with the threads of said container finish;
a flexible skirt, attached to the lower portion of said main body
member by a flexible circumferential ring, which is formed with a
plurality of interior, inwardly directed projections; and
locking means, integrally formed with said main body member and
said flexible skirt, for stiffening said flexible skirt when
engaged therewith to prevent removal of said closure from said
container when said internal and external projections are engaged,
said locking means being movable out of engagement with said
flexible skirt to thereby allow removal of said closure from said
container.
2. The closure of claim 1 wherein said locking means includes:
an annular locking ring formed in a position below said flexible
skirt; and
a plurality of frangible ribs joining said annular ring to said
flexible skirt.
3. The closure of claim 2 wherein said locking means further
includes:
a radially extending flange integrally formed at the outer
peripheral edge of said locking ring.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally relates to safety closures for containers.
More specifically, this invention relates to a safety closure
designed for use with a single unit of use container. Most
particularly, this invention relates to a safety closure of the
class described wherein a locking ring prevents over-riding of a
one-way ratchet drive until use of the container contents is
desired.
Safety closures for containers have become an important item of
commerce. Such closures are designed to prevent children from
gaining unauthorized access to containers, thus significantly
reducing the incidence of accidental poisoning of children. Some
containers, for example containers for drain cleaner, may be
designed as single unit of use packages. The entire contents of the
packages are used at once upon opening of such packages. In this
case, a safety closure designed for a long life and multiple
openings and resealings of the container is not required. However,
the high standard of safety required of a safety closure cannot be
compromised. I have devised a safety closure that is particularly
adapted for a single unit of use container that is inexpensive yet
durable and capable of meeting the required safety standards. While
the safety or child-resistant feature of my closure is designed for
only a single actuation, it can be re-applied to the closure to
once again render the closure child-resistant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
My invention is a safety closure for a container, the container
including an externally threaded finish portion and a plurality of
external projections located below and adjacent to the threads. The
safety closure includes a main body member which has threads formed
on the interior thereof for engagement with the threads of the
finish. A flexible skirt is attached to the lower portion of the
main body member by a flexible circumferential ring. The skirt
includes a plurality of interior, inwardly directed projections. A
locking means is integrally formed with the main body member of the
flexible skirt. The locking means is provided for stiffening the
flexible skirt when engaged therewith to prevent removal of the
closure from the container when the internal and external
projections are engaged. The locking means is movable out of
engagement with the flexible skirt, thereby allowing removal of the
closure from the container.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partially in cross-section, of
the closure of the present invention in the as-formed
condition;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partially in cross-section, of
the closure of the present invention in position on a container
finish with the locking feature in position to prevent removal of
the closure;
FIG. 3 is a top, plan view, in cross-section, taken generally along
the line 3--of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view, partially in cross-section,
showing the locking feature of the closure of the present invention
disengaged and the closure partially removed from a container
finish.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The safety closure of the present invention, generally designated
as 10, is shown in FIG. 1. The safety closure 10 has several major
components. There is a main body member or portion 12, a flexible
skirt 14 and a locking ring 16. The entire closure 10 is molded as
a unitary assembly and the main body 12, skirt 14 and locking ring
16 are all interconnected. The skirt 14 is connected to the main
body 12 through a relatively flexible circumferential ring 18. The
locking ring 16 is connected to the lower portion of the skirt 14
through a plurality of frangible ribs 20. The locking ring 16 also
includes a radially extending flange 22 which is used to remove the
locking ring 16 when it is in its operational position. The main
body 12 includes an upper disc member 24. A skirt portion 26
depends from the upper disc 24. The interior of the skirt portion
26 is provided with threads 28 for cooperative engagement with the
thread on the finish portion of a container. The closure 10 may
also include a liner 30 held in position on the interior surface of
the upper disc member 24. The skirt portion 14 includes a plurality
of interior, inwardly directed projections 32, which will be shown
in more detail later, which are of a generally wedge-shape
configuration.
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the closure 10 of the present invention in
position on a finish portion 34 of a container 36. The finish
portion 34 includes an externally threaded section 38 whose threads
will cooperate with the threads 28 formed on the interior of the
skirt 26 of the main body 12. The finish portion 34 terminates in
an annular rim 40 which defines an opening into the interior of the
container 36. The liner 30 may be seated on the top portion of the
rim 40 to effect a seal of the contents within the container 36.
The finish portion 34 also includes a plurality of projections 42
which are formed on the exterior thereof below the threaded portion
38. These projections 42 are generally wedge-shaped as may be seen
in FIG. 3. Note that in FIG. 2, the locking ring 16 has been moved
upwardly to cover the skirt 14. In this process, the frangible ribs
20 are severed from the skirt 14 and move upwardly with the locking
ring 16. This procedure makes the skirt 14 a relatively rigid area,
due to the influence of the locking ring 16 which surrounds it,
thus making it impossible for the skirt 14 to bend or pivot about
the circumferential ring 18. This procedure is carried out before
the closure 10 is applied to the container 36 and the locking ring
16 is held in this position by frictional engagement. In the
application procedure, the closure 10 is threaded onto the finish
34 and the projections 32 formed on the interior of the skirt 14
will slide over the projections 42 formed on the exterior of the
finish 34 during the tightening procedure. As is evident from FIG.
3, once the tightening procedure has been accomplished, it is
extremely difficult to unthread or remove the closure 10 because
the projections 32 and 42 lock together. Thus these two projections
cooperate to form a one-way ratchet drive. So long as the locking
ring 16 is in position over the skirt 14, the closure 10 may not be
removed from the container 36.
It should be recalled again at this time that this particular
closure 10 is primarily designed as a safety closure for a unit
package. That is, the entire contents of the container 36 are
designed to be utilized in one application. It is not necessary to
reseal the container 36 since all of the contents will be dispensed
at one time. It is, therefore, unnecessary to provide such a
container with a safety closure that is capable of maintaining its
safety features through a number of openings and resealings. The
safety closure of the present invention does have the potential of
being reused, but due to its operational characteristics it would
require a separate step on the part of a person resealing the
container before the safety feature could be reimposed after
opening. Therefore, this type of closure is not particularly
adaptable for multiple use containers.
In FIG. 4, the opening sequence is clearly illustrated. The locking
ring 16 is moved downwardly away from the skirt 14 by pushing on
the flange 22 which is a part of the locking ring 16. This then
leaves the skirt 14 free. As was previously noted, the skirt 14 is
a relatively flexible element, as may be seen from the
cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 which shows the wall thickness of
the skirt 14 to be much less than the wall thickness of the skirt
26 which is a part of the main body 12. A person desiring to open
the container in this configuration simply begins to turn the main
body 12 in the untightening direction. This will place a force on
the projections 32 on the skirt 14 and cause the skirt 14 to bow
outwardly, pivoting about the circumferential ring 18. The removal
torque or force required to begin removal is quite high and will
remain high until after all of the projections 32 have completely
cleared the projections 42. After this has occurred, the main body
12 may be unthreaded from the finish portion 34 with normal
application of force or torque. This high initial removal torque
adds an additional safety feature in that the force required would
be beyond the ability of most children.
* * * * *