U.S. patent number 3,924,638 [Application Number 05/461,900] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-09 for tension reliever.
Invention is credited to Gilbert E. Mann.
United States Patent |
3,924,638 |
Mann |
December 9, 1975 |
Tension reliever
Abstract
A device intended to be positioned in the oral cavity presenting
a generally horizontal wall or flange which is bitten into by the
teeth of both jaws when the wearer is subjected to emotional stress
that generates the urge to grind or clench the teeth. This tension
reliever takes two forms. One embodiment is designed for placement
against the roof of the mouth and palate and inner surfaces of the
teeth of the upper jaw, with the horizontal flange aforesaid
extending outwardly and in engagement with the teeth cusps. The
second embodiment is intended to be fitted over the teeth of the
lower jaw. It is of U-shape corresponding to the arrangement of the
lower teeth and is U-shaped in cross section, presenting inner and
outer walls between which extends the horizontal wall aforesaid
which is cut away over the lower incisors. Both embodiments are of
a plastic, such as an acrylic, that is thermosetting and at body
temperature has a firm body consistency with slight properties of
flexibility and elasticity and which may be lined with a softer
material such as ethyl vinyl acetate. Also, methods of forming the
embodiments which begin with a standard blank produced by a
manufacturer and include subsequent steps carried out by an
individual to accurately fit the tension reliever to the mouth of
that individual.
Inventors: |
Mann; Gilbert E. (Paradise
Valley, AZ) |
Family
ID: |
23834400 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/461,900 |
Filed: |
April 18, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/234;
128/862 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
71/085 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61J
17/00 (20060101); A61J 17/02 (20060101); A63B
71/08 (20060101); A61J 017/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/136,359 ;32/17 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pace; Channing L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Robertson; John A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a tension reliever intended to be positioned in the oral
cavity of the mouth of a person, said mouth presenting a lower set
of teeth including incisors in the front central portion thereof,
said tension reliever being intended for application to said lower
set of teeth;
a. a one piece integral wall structure of a plastic that is
thermosetting and at body temperature has a firm body consistency
with slight properties of flexibility and elasticity;
b. said wall structure including a horizontal wall adapted to
engage the teeth of said lower set;
c. an inner wall integral with and depending from said horizontal
wall, said inner wall adapted to engage inner surfaces of the teeth
of said lower set when the tension reliever is in effective
position;
d. an outer wall integral with and depending from said horizontal
wall, said outer wall adapted to engage outer surfaces of the teeth
of said lower set when the tension reliever is in effective
position, said outer wall being interrupted at the front central
portion thereof to provide a space thereat;
whereby said horizontal, inner and outer walls define a channel to
receive the teeth of said lower set to maintain said tension
reliever in effective position.
2. The tension reliever of claim 1 in which the plastic is
acrylic.
3. The tension reliever of claim 2 in which the lower surface of
the horizontal wall is lined by a layer of material which is softer
than and has a melting point lower than that of said acrylic.
4. The tension reliever of claim 3 in which said layer of material
is ethyl vinyl acetate.
Description
The present invention relates to a tension reliever designed to
inhibit headaches caused by grinding, gnashing or clenching of
teeth which result in tension syndromes of the mandibular muscles
which trigger spasms which are ultimately effective on the cranial
nerves to create the headache, and is concerned primarily with the
reliever per se, and also with methods of forming the reliever.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many, if not all people, when subjected to emotional and physical
stress caused by environment or work conditions, have a tendency to
release such stress by clenching and/or grinding the teeth of the
upper and lower jaws. This brings certain surfaces of the teeth
into meeting engagement which is under pressure. Due to the angular
disposition of these meeting surfaces, which will vary throughout
the teeth of different individuals, camming actions are generated
with anterior, posterior, lateral and vertical movement of the
lower jaw relative to the upper jaw.
Any of the above movements or any combination thereof causes a
displacement of the jaws which results in tension of the mandibular
muscles. This camming, occlusion or bite asymmetrics can result in
constant stress or tension in this muscle group. Repeated episodes
of spasm or repeated and prolonged tension may result in local
tender muscle areas commonly called trigger points. Clenching and
grinding of the teeth are manifestations of tension and/or
contracture of this muscle group.
Tempromandibular joint is a medical term for the jaw joint. It
includes the pterygoid muscle comprising the superior head and the
inferior head. The superior head is the key which is affected by
spasms or contractions of mandibular muscles to set off a chain
reaction which is ultimately effective on the cranial nerves to
cause headaches and similar discomfort. This discomfort may occur
as spasms of the upper neck muscles, both anterior and posterior,
and upper muscles of the back.
The present invention is founded on the concept of a tension
reliever that provides a physical outlet for the emotional stimuli
that create the tension syndrome in the mandibular muscles. A
practical aspect of the methods of this invention is that they are
predicated on the fact that the distance between the auxillary
molars of all human adults is substantially the same, being 32
mm.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
With the foregoing conditions in mind, the present invention has in
view the following objectives:
1. To provide a tension reliever that is intended for insertion
into the oral cavity and which includes means for accommodating the
tendency of the individual into whose mouth the reliever is
inserted to grind or clench his teeth when subjected to emotional
and/or physical stress.
2. To provide a tension reliever of the type noted which is of a
material having a firm body consistency with slight properties of
flexibility and elasticity and which includes a horizontal wall or
flange that assumes a position between the teeth of the upper and
lower jaws and which when bitten into by the teeth inhibits camming
actions which might cause displacement of the jaws.
3. To provide, in a tension reliever of the character aforesaid, a
lining for the horizontal wall or flange which is of a material
softer than the remainder of the reliever.
4. To provide a tension reliever of the kind described which is
constructed and designed for insertion into the oral cavity and
against the roof and palate of the mouth and against the inner
surfaces of the upper teeth, with the horizontal flange aforesaid
extending outwardly into a position beneath and in engagement with
the cusps of the upper teeth.
5. To provide a tension reliever of the type noted which is held in
position against the roof and palate of the mouth by an accurate
fit, the surface tension of tissue fluids and the bite created by
forcing the teeth of the jaws together.
6. To provide a method for forming a tension reliever of the
character aforesaid which begins with a standard blank produced by
a manufacturer, and includes subsequent steps carried out by an
individual to accurately fit the blank to the mouth of that
individual and which is completed by trimming away excess areas of
the horizontal flange.
7. To provide a tension reliever of the kind described which is
constructed and designed to be fitted over the teeth of the lower
jaw and which comprises an inverted channel of U-shaped cross
section presenting inner and outer generally vertical walls and a
horizontal top wall which is interrupted over the lower
incisors.
8. To provide a method of forming a tension reliever that is to be
applied over the teeth of the lower jaw which begins with a
standard blank which is produced by a manufacturer, and which
includes subsequent steps of accurately fitting the reliever to the
teeth of the lower jaw, and particularly the step of masking off
the lower incisors as the reliever is being deformed to accurately
fit the teeth of the lower jaw.
Various other more detailed objects and advantages of the
invention, such as arise in connection with carrying out the above
ideas in a practical embodiment, will, in part, become apparent
and, in part, be hereafter stated as the description of the
invention proceeds.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The foregoing objects are achieved by providing two embodiments of
the tension reliever, one being intended for the teeth of the upper
jaw and the other for the teeth of the lower jaw, together with a
method of forming each embodiment.
The embodiment for the upper jaw is of plastic, such as an acrylic,
that is thermosetting and at body temperature has a firm body
consistency with slight properties of flexibility and elasticity.
It comprises a curved top wall which conforms to the roof of the
mouth and palate, a skirt integrally joined to the top wall and
depending therefrom and which, when the reliever is in effective
position, is in intimate engagement with the inner surfaces of the
teeth of the upper jaw, and a flange integrally joined to and
extending outwardly from the lower edge of the skirt and which
engages the cusps of the teeth of the upper jaw. The surface of the
flange which engages the teeth cusps may be lined with a material
softer than this acrylic, and if desired, this lining may extend
over the skirt and the top wall.
The method of forming the tension reliever aforesaid begins with a
standard blank that is produced by a manufacturer. After being
acquired by a particular individual, it is accurately fitted to the
mouth of that individual by first immersing the blank in water at a
temperature ranging from about 180.degree. to 212.degree.F. and
leaving it so immersed for a period of about two minutes. After
removal from the hot water, it is permitted to cool to a
temperature rendering it compatible to body temperature. It is then
inserted into the mouth of the individual and is worked to bring it
into accurate conformity to the contour of the mouth, roof, palate
and inner surfaces of the teeth by appropriate operations of the
fingers, thumbs and tongue of the individual. The jaws of the
individual are then closed to create a bite which is held for
approximately thirty seconds. This enables the reliever to acquire
a set. It is then removed from the mouth and excess areas of the
flange removed by trimming.
The second embodiment comprises an inverted channel member of
U-shaped cross section and of a plastic, such as an acrylic, that
is thermosetting and at body temperature has a firm body
consistency with slight properties of flexibility and elasticity.
The channel member presents generally vertical inner and outer
walls which are joined at their top edges by a top wall which is
interrupted or omitted over the lower incisors. The undersurface of
this top wall may be lined with a material softer than the acrylic
and this lining may be continued throughout the inner surfaces of
the vertical walls.
The method of forming the tension reliever for the teeth of the
lower jaw is substantially the same as that above described for the
reliever for the teeth of the upper jaw, in that it begins with a
standard blank that is produced by a manufacturer and includes
subsequent steps of shaping the blank to accurately conform it to
the mouth of that particular user, with two notable exceptions. One
of these is the step of masking off the lower incisors before or as
the blank is inserted into the mouth of the user as by a sheet of
wax of appropriate dimensions, and the other exception is changing
the final step of trimming from that of removing excess areas of
the flange to removing excess portions of the ends of the reliever
where they extend beyond the back cusps of the lower jaw.
For a full and more complete understanding of the invention,
reference may be had to the following description and the
accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective looking at the upper side of a standard
blank from which the tension reliever for the teeth of the upper
jaw is fashioned;
FIG. 2 is another perspective looking from the inner end of the
blank of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective depicting the insertion of the blank into
the mouth of an individual;
FIG. 4 is another perspective showing how the blank is worked by a
finger and thumb of the individual to whom it is fitted;
FIG. 5 is another perspective looking at the face of the individual
and depicting the bite which is the final step of the mouth
conforming operations;
FIG. 6 is another perspective showing the final step of trimming
the horizontal flange;
FIG. 7 is still another perspective looking at the top of the
finished tension reliever;
FIG. 8 is a flow sheet diagrammatically depicting the steps of the
forming operations;
FIG. 9 is a perspective looking at the top of a blank for a tension
reliever for the teeth of the lower jaw;
FIG. 10 is another perspective looking from the inner side of the
blank of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is another perspective looking down on the teeth of the
lower jaw and illustrating the step of masking off the lower
incisors;
FIG. 12 is a perspective showing the blank of FIGS. 9 and 10 as
positioned over the teeth of the lower jaw with the masking element
in place;
FIG. 13 is still another perspective illustrating the working of
the blank by a finger and thumb of the individual to whom it is
being fitted;
FIg. 14 is another perspective showing the formed reliever and
masking blank which is discarded in exploded relation, and
FIG. 15 is a transverse vertical section through a portion of the
blank, being taken on the plane of the line 15--15 of FIG. 10.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters
denote corresponding elements throughout the several views, and
first more particularly to FIG. 7, the embodiment designed for
insertion into the oral cavity in engagement with the roof and
palate will be described. FIG. 7 illustrates the finished tension
reliever. It is identified in its entirety by the reference
character 10 and comprises a top wall 11 from which depends a skirt
12 which is integrally joined therewith and a generally horizontal
flange 13 which extends outwardly from the lower edge of skirt 12
to which it is integrally joined.
The reliever 10 may be of any plastic which is thermosetting and at
body temperature has a firm body consistency with slight properties
of flexibility and elasticity. Certain acrylics now used in the
dental profession are known and have these properties. When
inserted into the mouth of the individual to whom it is fitted, the
top wall 11 and the upper portions of the skirt 12 accurately
conform to the contour of the roof and palate of that individual's
mouth. The lower portions of skirt 12 accurately conform to the
inner surfaces of the teeth of the upper jaw and the flange 13 is
dimensioned to underlie the cusps of the teeth of the upper
jaw.
Referring now more particularly to FIGS. 1-6 inclusive, which may
be considered along with FIG. 8, the method of forming the tension
reliever 10 will be described. FIG. 1 illustrates a blank 14 of a
standard size which will be produced by a manufacturer. The use of
such a standard blank is not only possible, but entirely practical,
due to the fact that the distance between the maxillary molars of
most human adults is substantially the same, being 32 mm.
Referring now to FIG. 8, the second step of the subject method is
to immerse the blank 14 into water which has been heated to a
temperature ranging from 180.degree. to 212.degree. F. and leaving
it so immersed for a period of about 2 minutes. This step is
represented by the block 15. This heating of the blank renders it
workable so that it may be fashioned into the required shape. After
being removed from the heated water, it is cooled to a temperature
which is compatible to the human body. This step is represented by
the block 15. Even though it has been somewhat cooled, it is still
workable. It is then inserted into the mouth of the individual for
whom it is being fitted, as illustrated in FIG. 3 and represented
by block 17. After being so inserted, it is worked into a shape
accurately conforming to the roof and palate of the mouth and inner
surfaces of the teeth of the upper jaw. This step is illustrated by
block 18 and is carried out by the fingers and thumbs of the person
performing the working, which ordinarily will be the individual who
purchased the blank, and may be supplemented by manipulation of the
tongue.
After being worked into an accurate fit, flange 13 is bitten into
by the teeth of both jaws. This step is represented by the block 19
and it is notable that the bite is held for a period of
approximately thirty seconds which is sufficient to allow the
reliever to acquire a "set," and thus retain its shape. The bite of
block 19 is illustrated in FIG. 5. The formed and set reliever is
then removed from the mouth as represented by block 20 and the
flange is trimmed as indicated by block 21. This trimming of the
flange is illustrated in FIG. 6 and may be achieved by any
appropriate instrument, such as a pair of scissors, as indicated at
22.
While it is believed that certain of the acrylics now available to
those working in the dental profession will have the properties
required of the subject tension reliever, if desired, the surface
of flange 13 which engages the cusps of teeth 23 of upper jaw 24
may be lined with a layer of a material softer than the acrylic
from which reliever 10 is made and which has a lower melting point
than such acrylic. Ethyl vinyl acetate is an example of such a
material. If such a lining is used, it is important that it cover
the upper surface of flange 13. However, it may extend throughout
the entire upper surface of the reliever 10 as illustrated in FIG.
2, wherein it is designated 25.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SECOND EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIGS. 9-15 inclusive, the tension reliever
intended for application to the teeth of the lower jaw will be
described. The finished reliever is illustrated in FIG. 14 and is
identified in its entirety by the reference character 26. It
comprises a generally U-shaped channel member which conforms to the
arrangement of the teeth of the lower jaw. This channel member is
U-shaped in cross section presenting an outer wall 27 and an inner
wall 28 which are generally vertical and to the upper edges of
which is integrally joined a top wall 29. It is important to note
that the top wall 29 is cut away or interrupted over the lower
incisors as represented by the space 30 in FIG. 14. This
interruption is of importance because it permits the upper incisors
to pass over and partially overlap the lower incisors which is the
condition of the normal bite for most humans.
Like the tension reliever 10, the reliever 26 is of a plastic that
is thermosetting and at body temperature is firm with slight
properties of flexibility and elasticity. Certain of the acrylics
now available to the dental profession are suitable for this
purpose.
The method of forming the tension reliever 26 is substantially the
same as the method of forming reliever 10, with certain notable
exceptions which will become apparent from the following
description. In describing this method, the flow sheet of FIG. 8 is
referred to because of the fact that many of the steps are common
to the two methods.
Referring now to FIG. 8. along with FIGS. 9-14, the initial step is
the same. Thus, a blank 31 is produced by a manufacturer in
standard size, due to the uniformity of the dimensions of the mouth
of human adults. Block 15 of FIG. 8 is repeated in the method for
reliever 26. Thus, the blank 31 is immersed in water heated to a
temperature from 180.degree. to 212.degree. F. and left so immersed
for about 2 minutes. It is then cooled to a temperature compatible
with the human body as indicated by block 16 of FIG. 8.
At this point the method for reliever 26 differs from that of
reliever 10. As shown in FIG. 11, a masking element 32 is inserted
behind and over the cusps of lower incisors 33. Many materials may
be employed as the masking element, but a piece of wax of
appropriate dimension is indicated as being preferred.
After the masking element 32 is positioned, blank 31 is inserted
into the mouth and positioned over all of the teeth of the lower
jaw as illustrated in FIG. 12 and represented by the block 17 of
FIG. 8. The blank is then worked by thumbs and fingers of the user
as illustrated in FIG. 13 and represented by the block 18. The
teeth of the upper and lower jaws are then moved together to create
a bite which is held for about 30 seconds as represented by the
block 19 of FIG. 8. It is notable that this bite does not obtain
between the incisors as above pointed out. The formed and set
reliever is then removed from the mouth as indicated by block 20 of
FIG. 8, but at this point the final steps of the two methods
differ. In the method for reliever 10, the flange 13 is trimmed. In
the method for reliever 26, the free ends of the U-shaped channel
member indicated at 34 are trimmed so that the top wall 29 does not
extend beyond the back of the lower molars.
Like the reliever 10, the inner or lower surface of top wall 29 may
be lined with a material softer than and having a lower melting
point than the acrylic aforesaid, ethyl vinyl acetate being an
example of such a material. As shown in FIG. 15, this lining is
represented at 35 and may be continued over the inner faces of
vertical walls 27 and 28.
While preferred specific embodiments are herein disclosed, it is to
be clearly understood that the invention is not to be limited to
the exact constructions, materials and steps illustrated and
described because various modifications of these details may be
provided in putting the invention into practice.
* * * * *