U.S. patent number 3,923,631 [Application Number 05/479,616] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-02 for electroplating rack.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Empire Plating Company. Invention is credited to Stephen P. Palisin, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,923,631 |
Palisin, Jr. |
December 2, 1975 |
Electroplating rack
Abstract
An electroplating rack includes a pair of uprights carrying
pairs of transversely extending arms. Exposed, upwardly facing
electrode surfaces are defined at spaced locations along each arm.
Crossbars having exposed, downwardly facing electrode faces near
opposite ends are removably carried on the pairs of arms with the
faces engaging the surfaces. Hook-like article supports depend from
the crossbars. The crossbars can be supported selectively at any of
the electrode surface locations.
Inventors: |
Palisin, Jr.; Stephen P. (South
Euclid, OH) |
Assignee: |
The Empire Plating Company
(Cleveland, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23904724 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/479,616 |
Filed: |
June 17, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
204/297.06;
204/DIG.7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C25D
17/08 (20130101); Y10S 204/07 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C25D
17/08 (20060101); C25D 17/06 (20060101); C25D
017/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;204/297R,297W,DIG.7 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Western Electric Tech. Dig. No. 19 by Brucato et al., pp. 17 and
18, July 1970. .
Plating Rack Manual by Belke, pp. 29, 34, 35 and Plate 8, pub. by
Belke Mfg. Co., Chicago, 1947..
|
Primary Examiner: Edmundson; F. C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Watts, Hoffman, Fisher & Heinke
Co.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An electroplating rack comprising:
a. an electrically conductive framework including a pair of rack
supporting hooks and a pair of rigidly connected uprights defining
an elongated depending body;
b. each of said uprights centrally supporting a plurality of
vertically spaced pairs of electrically conductive arms, each of
said arms having end regions extending in opposite directions from
its associated upright, the arms on one of said uprights being
substantially horizontally paired with the arms on the other of
said uprights such that each of the arm end regions carried on said
one upright has a corresponding arm end region on said other
upright;
c. a plurality of spaced, upwardly facing electrode surfaces
defined on each of said end regions, the electrode surfaces on the
arm end regions of said one upright having corresponding electrode
surfaces on said corresponding arm end regions on said other
upright, whereby a certain number of pairs of corresponding
electrode surfaces are defined;
d. a plurality of electrically conductive elongated crossbars
removably carried by said end regions;
e. each of said crossbars having a pair of downwardly facing
electrode faces located near opposite ends of said crossbars and
extending into electrically conductive engagement with a pair of
said corresponding electrode surfaces, said crossbars being
supported on said arms by virtue of said faces engaging said
surfaces;
f. said crossbars each including a plurality of article support
formations disposed at spaced intervals therealong; and,
g. an electrically insulative coating covering said bodies, said
arms and said crossbars except within the regions of said surfaces,
said faces, and said formations.
2. The rack of claim 1 wherein said end regions are notched at
spaced locations along their lengths to define said electrode
surfaces, and said crossbars rest in said notches with said faces
in engagement with said surfaces.
3. The rack of claim 2 wherein said article support formations
depend from said crossbars and define hook-shaped end regions.
4. The rack of claim 1 wherein said article support formations are
hook-shaped wires formed from electrically conductive metal.
5. The rack of claim 4 wherein the hook-shaped wires on any of one
of said crossbars have common diameters.
6. The rack of claim 5 wherein the hook-shaped wires on one of said
crossbars have common diameters different from the common diameters
of the hook-shaped wires on another of said crossbars.
7. The rack of claim 1 wherein the number of said crossbars is less
than said certain number, whereby some of said corresponding
electrode surfaces are not engaged by said crossarms and remain
exposed.
8. An electroplating rack comprising:
a. an electrically conductive framework including a pair of spaced,
rigidly interconnected uprights each carrying a plurality of arms
defining pairs of arm portions which extend transversely of the
plane of said framework, each of said arm portions on one of said
uprights being substantially horizontally paired with a
corresponding arm portion on each other of said uprights, each of
said arm portions having a plurality of upwardly facing electrode
surfaces defined at spaced locations therealong, each of said
electrode surfaces on one of said arm portions being paired with a
corresponding electrode surface on its corresponding arm portion,
whereby a certain number of pairs of corresponding electrode
surfaces are defined;
b. a plurality of electrically conductive crossbars removably
carried by said end regions, each of said crossbars including a
plurality of depending hooks disposed at spaced intervals
therealong for receiving and supporting articles to be plated, said
crossbars each having a pair of downwardly facing electrode faces
resting on and in electrically conductive engagement with a pair of
said corresponding electrode surfaces to support said crossbars on
said arm portions; and,
c. an electrically insulative coating covering said uprights, said
arms, and said crossbars except within the regions of said
surfaces, said faces, and said hooks.
9. The rack of claim 8 wherein said arm portions and said crossbars
are notched in the regions of said surfaces and said spaces to
provide mating connections therebetween.
10. The rack of claim 8 wherein the number of said crossbars is
less than said certain number, whereby some of said corresponding
electrode surfaces are not engaged by said crossarms and remain
exposed.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to electroplating racks and more
particularly to a novel and improved universal rack capable of
efficiently supporting many different types of parts in spaced
relationship for electroplating.
2. Prior Art
In modern automatic plating systems, a plurality of rack assemblies
are used to support articles to be plated. The racks are hung on a
bus bar positioned above tanks containing cleaning, plating and
washing solutions. A programmed drive system sequentially moves the
racks along the bus bar to prescribed stations over the tanks,
lowers the bus bar to submerge the articles in the tank-carried
solutions, and raises the bus bar to drain the solutions from the
articles and racks before the racks are advanced to the next
station.
The articles to be plated are used as cathodes of an electrolytic
cell. The anode is formed from the metal to be plated. The
electrolyte is a metal salt solution which presents ions of the
plating metal to the cathode for deposition. As metal ions are
depleted from the electrolyte, they are replenished by the
anode.
The racks should be capable not only of securely holding a
plurality of articles in properly spaced relationship, but should
also provide a low impedence current path and make good electrical
contact with the supported articles. Only a minimum surface area of
the articles should be shielded from the electrolyte. The racks
should be capable of holding a maximum number of articles to
accommodate high production volumes, and yet should be of
sufficiently simple construction so that circulation of the
electrolyte is not inhibited.
Ideally the racks are formed from a minimum number of parts so they
can be economically manufactured. The racks should occupy a minimum
of storage space. The racks should be adjustable to accommodate a
wide variety of articles and no tools should be required to effect
the adjustment.
Another consideration in the design of electroplating racks is the
need to provide a simple method of varying the amount of electrical
current supplied to the articles being plated. Articles having
larger plating surface areas need a larger current supply than do
articles having smaller surface areas. Still another consideration
is that the racks must permit the expedient racking and unracking
of articles.
A number of proposals have been made in the prior art to provide
adjustable electroplating racks. Most of these proposals have
failed to satisfy one or more of the above-listed criteria.
Adjustable electroplating racks have typically been of relatively
complex design presenting a rather substantial number of
interchangeable, removable parts which can be lost when not in use.
Most known adjustable racks are cumbersome to adjust and are not
really well adapted to properly support a wide variety of
parts.
A number of plating shops have found present-day adjustable racks
so unattractive that much of their plating work is carried out with
specialized racks designed for use with only a limited group of
articles. This approach presents serious problems in trying to
store the racks between periods of use. A large plating shop
typically has hundreds of expensive, specialized racks hung from
the ceiling and lining the walls. If the racks are not carefully
stored, the insulation which covers most of their electrically
conductive structure can be damaged.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes the foregoing and other drawbacks
of the prior art by providing a highly versatile, easily
adjustable, novel and improved electroplating rack capable of
supporting a wide variety of articles.
A pair of substantially identical rigidly connected uprights have
elongated bodies which depend from hooks and carry vertically
spaced pairs of arms. A plurality of exposed, upwardly facing
electrode surfaces are defined at spaced locations along each arm.
A plurality of crossbars are removably carried by the arms. The
crossbars have exposed, downwardly facing electrode faces near
opposite ends which engage electrode surfaces. Depending hooks
carried on the crossbars support articles to be plated. The weight
of the articles and the crossbars helps to hold the crossbars in
place on the arms and promotes good electrical contact between the
contacting surfaces and faces.
A significant advantage of the improved rack is the ease with which
it can be restructured to receive different types of parts. A wide
variety of rack configurations can be constructed simply by
repositioning the crossbars and decreasing or increasing the number
of crossbars which are used.
Another advantage is the ease with which the amount of current
supplied to the articles being plated can be regulated. Some of the
crossbars are provided with larger diameter electrically conductive
hooks than are provided on others of the crossbars. The larger
diameter hooks are used to suspend articles having large plating
surface areas. The smaller diameter hooks are used with articles
having smaller plating areas. The diameter of the hooks helps
regulate the current supply to the articles. The versatility
provided by having crossbars with different hook diameters enables
the same supporting rack to be used with parts having substantially
different plating surface areas.
Another advantage is the ease with which articles can be racked and
unracked. In some instances it is desirable to rack articles while
the crossbars are disengaged from the arms. When this is done, the
crossbars can be loaded with parts at one location and then
positioned on the racks at another location. Unracking can be
easily achieved by removing the crossbars and inverting them to
drop the plated articles into a receptacle.
Still another advantage is the extreme simplicity of the racks.
They include a bare minimum of components and yet provide a maximum
of versatility. When the crossbars are removed, the racks can be
nested for storage in a minimum of space.
As will be apparent from the foregoing discussion, it is a general
object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved
electroplating rack.
Other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention may be
had by referring to the following description and claims taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electroplating rack constructed
in accordance with the present invention; and,
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side-elevational view of one of the crossbars
used on the rack of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, an electroplating rack is shown generally at
10. The rack 10 has an electrically conductive framework including
a pair of uprights 12, 13 and upper and lower tie bars 14, 15. A
pair of hooks 16, 18, are provided to support this framework from
the bus bar of an automatic plating apparatus.
The uprights 12, 13 have elongated depending bodies 20, 22 which
extend in parallel vertical relationship. A plurality vertically
spaced pairs of arms 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 formed from
electrically conductive metal are carried by the bodies 20, 22. The
arms 24-34 each have a pair of distal end regions extending in
opposite directions from the plane of the uprights 12, 14. Each
distal end region of each of the arms 24-34 is provided with two
spaced notches 44. An electrically insulative plastic coating 48
covers the described framework, excluding the hooks 16, 18, and
including the arms 24-34 and the bodies 20, 22 except in the
regions of the notches 44 where exposed upwardly facing electrode
surfaces 46 are defined.
A plurality of crossbars 50 are carried by the arms 24-34. All the
crossbars 50 are of identical configuration. Referring to FIG. 2,
the crossbars 50 each include a central stem 52 formed from
electrically conductive metal. A pair of notches 54 is formed near
opposite ends of the stem 52. A plurality of depending,
electrically conductive hooks 56 are carried at spaced locations
along the stem 52. An electrically insulative plastic coating 58
covers the stem except in the regions of the notches 54 where
exposed, downwardly facing electrode faces 60 are defined.
The crossbars 50 are positioned on the arms 24-34 with the faces 60
in electrically conductive engagement with the surfaces 46. When
articles are hung on the hooks 56, the weight of the articles
together with the weight of the crossbars 50 helps hold the
crossbars in place and helps to maintain good electrical contact
between the surfaces 46 and the faces 60.
The crossbars 50 can be rearranged on the arms 24-34 as desired to
most efficiently support articles for a plating operation. In
racking and unracking the articles, the crossbars can be removed
from the arms.
The hooks 56 formed from electrically conductive wire. The hooks 56
on any one of the crossbars 50 are preferably of the same diameter,
but these diameters may differ from crossbar to crossbar. A
crossbar 50 having hooks 56 of relatively large diameter is used to
supply the increased current required by large parts having large
plating surface areas. A crossbar 50 having hooks 56 of smaller
diameter is used with smaller parts which require less current.
Although the invention has been described in its preferred form
with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the
present disclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way
of example and numerous changes in the details of construction and
the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without
departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as
hereinafter claimed.
* * * * *