U.S. patent number 3,922,946 [Application Number 05/427,781] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-02 for split bolt.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Dayton Sure-Grip & Shore Co.. Invention is credited to Boyd H. Grayson.
United States Patent |
3,922,946 |
Grayson |
December 2, 1975 |
Split bolt
Abstract
Disclosed is a split-bolt having an improved wedge for
separating the two bolt sections into threaded engagement within a
nut. The wedge can be easily extracted from between the separated
bolt segments by grasping generally cylindrical bosses on the
wedge. The bosses are also conveniently accessible with a tool when
the wedge is tightly bound by the sections, and thus unextractable
by hand.
Inventors: |
Grayson; Boyd H. (Miamisburg,
OH) |
Assignee: |
The Dayton Sure-Grip & Shore
Co. (Miamisburg, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23696257 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/427,781 |
Filed: |
December 26, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
411/385 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16B
35/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F16B
35/00 (20060101); F16B 35/02 (20060101); F16B
013/10 (); F16B 035/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;85/1S,79,86,5E
;151/31 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Parsons, Jr.; Marion
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Biebel, French & Bugg
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A bolt of the character described, comprising bolt segments
which when brought together render said bolt readily insertable
into a complementary threaded recess, which have outer surfaces
threadably engageable with such recess when said segments are
spaced apart and which have head portions, and an elongated wedge
member insertable between said segments to space said segments into
such threadable relation, said wedge member having a generally
elongated rectangular shape and substantially flat major faces and
having a head end, means limiting insertion of said wedge member
between said segments to a position wherein said wedge head end
extends a predetermined longitudinal distance from the outer ends
of said bolt segments and said bolt head portions, and boss means
on said head end of said wedge member and located on said flat
major faces a predetermined longitudinal distance from said bolt
head portions for grasping and removing said wedge member from
between said segments, said boss means and said head portions of
said bolt segments being arranged so that a lever means can be used
to apply a force between said boss means and said head portions to
remove said wedge member.
2. A bolt as in claim 1 wherein said boss means comprise
substantially cylindrical bosses.
3. A bolt as in claim 1 wherein the other end of said wedge member
is generally wedge-shaped to initiate the spacing of said segments
upon insertion thereof between said segments.
4. A bolt as in claim 1 wherein said bosses are on said major
faces, whereby said insert means can be extracted from between said
bolt segments by hand or by using a tool.
5. A bolt as in claim 4 wherein said bosses are generally
cylindrically shaped.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved split-bolt for use in
combination with an insert embedded in a concrete slab to provide
for the attachment to the slab of a detachable means for lifting
the object.
In recent years, a form of building construction referred to as the
tilt-up slab method has come into rather wide usage. In a tilt-up
slab building, large concrete slabs are cast on the floor of the
building or on a level ground surface. The concrete slabs are then
lifted to a vertical position and interconnected to form the walls
of the building.
The means used for lifting the slabs must be removable after the
slabs have been lifted into place to present a smooth surface on
the walls of the building. Generally, the lifting attachments are
installed and removed at the building site. Therefore, they should
be easily and rapidly installed and removed in order to save the
maximum time.
One practice is to embed a nut member or insert in the concrete
slab and then to attach a lifting eye to the slab by passing a bolt
through the eye and threading it into the nut member or insert.
While this provides a satisfactory anchoring for the lifting eye,
it requires threading the bolt into the insert. Since the insert is
embedded in the concrete when the slab is originally poured, small
particles of concrete may be deposited on the thread surfaces of
the bolt means. The presence of concrete on the thread surfaces
will probably require the use of a wrench to thread the bolt into
the insert. Considerable time is expended resulting in increases in
the time required to erect the walls. Additional time is expended
when a wrench is required to remove the bolt.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,456,547 solves some of the above problems by
providing a bolt means which is rapidly inserted in a nut means or
insert and requires only a partial revolution to lock the bolt
securely in place. The bolt means is formed from a pair of separate
longitudinal cylindrical segments such as are formed when a
conventional bolt is split along its longitudinal axis into two
bolt halves. A portion of the bolt along the longitudinal axis is
removed so that when the two segments are placed together, they may
be easily inserted into the nut means.
After the two bolt segments are inserted in the nut means, a key
member or wedge is positioned between the bolt segments to separate
them into engagement with the female threads on the nut means. To
remove the bolt, the key is withdrawn and the two segments of the
bolt are brought together. This disengages the threaded surfaces
and permits withdrawal of the bolt.
The split-bolt disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,456,547 is highly
effective, but it has a disadvantage in that the wedge, or "key" as
it is referred to in the patent, is not readily removed once the
bolt is in use. After the slab is lifted and installed, the wedge
must be extracted from between the bolt segments in order to remove
the bolt. Tab or ear means are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,456,547
for gripping and lifting the wedge, but these means have proved
ineffective. The forces of installing and securing the bolt, as
well as lifting and transporting the object frequently cause the
key to become tightly gripped or wedged between the bolt portions.
The tab or ear means of U.S. Pat. No. 3,456,547 are essentially
flush with the sides of the bolt. As such, they are neither
effective nor efficient for grasping the wedge, either by hand or
with a tool. Since the purpose of using a split-bolt is to save
time, the key disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,456,547 tends to defeat
that purpose.
A need therefore exists for an improved split-bolt having an
improved key or wedge means which can be used to extract the wedge
quickly, simply and effectively from between the bolt portions when
the bolt must be removed from the opening in which it has been
inserted, e.g., a coil insert.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is directed to an improved bolt, and in particular to
an improved split-bolt for use in combination with an embedded
anchoring means for detachably securing a lifting means to concrete
slab or the like.
The split-bolt of the invention is an improvement over the prior
art split-bolts because it provides a simple and effective means
for extracting the key or wedge which space the bolt segments. In
the preferred embodiment, cylindrically shaped bosses are provided
on both sides of one end of the wedge or key which is extended to
protrude from between the bolt segments. When it is desired to
remove the wedge, the bosses can be grasped by hand to remove the
wedge quickly. If the wedge is held tightly between the bolt
segments, an instrument or tool, e.g., a claw hammer, can be used
to grasp the head of the wedge via the bosses to extract the wedge.
The bosses provide a means for grasping the key to apply a
longitudinal, or upward, force to the key to extract it from
between the bolt segments.
Also, the bosses on the head of the wedge are arranged so that the
head of the bolt will provide a convenient fulcrum against which a
lever means, e.g., a claw hammer, can work to apply the upward
force to the bosses and the wedge. Thus a means is provided for
simply and quickly extracting the wedge. This in turn results in
the bolt being quickly and conveniently removed from any threaded
opening in which it may be installed.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved
split-bolt having a readily removable wedge.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved
split-bolt having a wedge having cylindrical bosses whereby the
wedge may be extracted simply and quickly.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following description, the accompanying drawings and the
appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the improved split-bolt of the
invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a split-bolt of the invention
showing how the wedge may be readily removed;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an insert for use with a
split-bolt of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a split-bolt of the invention used
to secure a lifting ring; and
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a split-bolt of the
invention securing a lifting ring.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 shows the improved split-bolt 10 as comprised of
substantially identical segments 11 and 12 which may be formed
individually or may be formed by longitudinally splitting a bolt
and removing a portion of it. The main requirement of the two bolt
segments 11 and 12 is that when their opposing inner faces 13 and
14 are in contact, their overall diameter is slightly less than the
diameter of the bolt at its full radial extension, i.e., the
diameter of the original bolt or the total diameter of the bolt
segments and the wedge inserted between the segments.
Edges 15-17 of segments 11 and 12 may be relieved so that the
diameter across generally flat surfaces 13 and 14 is also slightly
less than the diameter of the bolt when it is at its full radial
extension. When the two bolt segments are formed as described, it
is possible to insert the two segments into an opening the size of
the bolt at its full radial extension, e.g., a threaded coil insert
in a pre-cast concrete block. Thus in the example, the overall
diameter of the two segments in face-to-face relationship will be
less than the minor diameter of the thread in the coil insert.
The top of each bolt segments 11 and 12 comprises enlarged head
portions 18 and 19 which when viewed overall resemble a normal bolt
head. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, head sections 18 and 19
define, overall, a hexagonal head.
Wedge 22 is an extended generally rectangular piece or member,
having generally flat, generally parallel faces, insertable between
bolt segments 11 and 12 to expand and space them radially. Thus
when split-bolt 10 is inserted into an opening, the insertion of
wedge 22 spaces segments 11 and 12 apart and brings thread sections
20 and 21, on segments 11 and 12, into contact with the interior of
the threads on the inside of a coil insert.
Wedge 22 has a head portion 23, which extends above bolt heads 18
and 19 when it is inserted in a coil and a generally wedge-shaped
tip 24. Tip 24, because of its wedge shape, is useful in
combination with sloped interior surfaces 25 and 26 of segments 11
and 12 to initiate the separation of segments 11 and 12 so that
wedge 22 can be fully inserted.
A longitudinal slot 30 is provided intermediate the head 23 and tip
24 of wedge 22, and a pin 31 interconnects segments 11 and 12 with
wedge 22 via slot 30. Pin 31 passes through pin hole 32, in head 19
of segment 12, through slot 30, and is threaded into bore 33 in
head 18 of segment 11. Longitudinal slot 30 allows wedge 22 to be
extracted from between surfaces 13 and 14 to almost its full length
and yet to remain connected via pin 31 to segments 11 and 12.
Interconnecting the parts is not necessary, as it is merely a
convenient means for keeping the parts of the split-bolt in close
proximity.
As illustrated in the drawings, slot 30 can also be used as a
convenient means for limiting the insertion of said insert or wedge
member such that the head end thereof extends a predetermined
longitudinal distance from the outer ends of said bolt segments.
Alternatively, the limiting means could be part of or the entire
bottom of the recess, e.g., the bottom of a coil insert, a portion
of one or both of the inner faces of the segements, which would act
like a stop, or the like.
A means for extracting wedge 22 from between segments 11 and 12 is
provided on head 23. As shown in FIG. 1, the means consists of
cylindrical bosses 35 and 36 on either side of wedge 22. While the
bosses are shown being cylindrical, the invention is not limited to
that particular geometry, since other shapes may be used, such as
semi-cylinders, octagons, etc. Also, the bosses may be either
integral with or separate from wedge 22. As shown in FIG. 1,
separate cylindrical pieces 35 and 36 are attached to wedge 22 by
pin 37. Other fasteners or fastening means may also be employed.
Thus, bosses 35 and 36 on head 23 provide the means by which wedge
22 may be extracted. As long as the means for extracting is within
the teachings of the invention disclosed, the invention is not
limited to the means illustrated.
When it is desired to remove split-bolt 10 from an opening in which
it is installed, wedge 22 can be extracted by grasping bosses 35
and 36. If wedge 22 is tightly bound by inner surfaces 13 and 14 of
segments 11 and 12, a tool may be used to extract wedge 22.
FIG. 2 shows the use, as an example, of a claw hammer 40 to extract
wedge 22 via bosses 35-36 on head 23. If wedge 22 cannot be
extracted by merely exerting an upward (longitudinal or axial)
force, bolt head sections 18 and 19 will provide a convenient
fulcrum for applying a levered force to head 23.
As an example of use, split-bolt 10 might be employed in
combination with coil inserts which are embedded in concrete slabs
to attach lift rings to the slabs. FIG. 3 shows a coil insert 50
which might be employed in combination with split-bolt 10.
Generally, coil insert 50 will consist of a coil 51 and a plurality
of legs 52 which support the coil. Coil 51 may be formed of a
plurality of closely spaced turns of heavy wire or rod. The turns
may or may not be welded together, as desired.
Coil 51 will have an internal screw thread structure 53 which will
accept threads, e.g., threads 20 and 21 (FIGS. 1 and 2) on
split-bolt 10. Legs 52 consist of a vertical section 54 which is
welded to the exterior of coil 51. The vertical portion 54 of each
of the legs is joined by an irregularly shaped portion 55 which
extends initially in a generally horizontal direction and has an
open hook shape at end 56.
Legs 52 support coil 51 when insert 50 is being placed within a
concrete form or mold. Hook-shaped ends 56 may be used to support
and space reinforcing members (not shown) for reinforcing the cast
concrete object. Boots 57 may be provided at the bottom of the
hook-shaped portions 56 to prevent irregular shaped portions 55 of
legs 52 from being exposed during the casting process and to
prevent any rust from insert 50 from reaching the cast concrete
surface. Boots 57 can be cylindrically shaped stainless steel
pieces or can be made from other metal or plastic materials. Other
boot structures may be employed to prevent exposing leg portions
55, and, further, to prevent the accumulation of rust on the cast
concrete surface.
The coil insert usually will be cast below the surface of the
concrete object. This is best illustrated in FIG. 4 where coil
insert 50 is shown embedded inside concrete block 70. Generally,
the coil insert is embedded a predetermined distance below the
surface of the concrete object, for example, about two inches below
the surface.
Means must be provided to prevent concrete from filling threaded
interior 53 of coil insert 50 during the casting process. As shown
in FIG. 3, plastic caps or plugs 58 and 59 may be used to exclude
concrete from interior 53. Plug 59 will be below the surface of the
cast concrete block 70, so flag 65 is provided to show the location
of the plug. After casting the concrete object, plug 59 is located
via flag 65 and removed. This can be done by chipping away the thin
layer, concrete covering and prying the plug out to expose threaded
interior 53 of coil insert 50.
Once the cast concrete object is set and interior threads 53 of
insert 50 are exposed, a means for lifting, moving and installing
the concrete object can be attached. FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the
attachment of such a means generally, and specifically the
attachment of a lifting ring 71 to concrete block 70.
Lifting ring 71 may take many and various forms, for example,
hinged rings or eyes, or special attachments that are designed to
cooperate with a particular type of hoisting means. As illustrated
in FIGS. 4 and 5, lifting ring 71 consists of a flat rectangular
shaped base 72 to which is attached a central boss member 73. The
boss member 73 is provided with a central opening 64 having
substantially the same diameter as the overall diameter of the bolt
means. The boss member may be formed integrally with the base plate
as by means of casting or may be formed separately and attached to
the base plate by means of welding and the like. The boss 73 is
provided with two outwardly extending horizontal pin members 74 and
76.
A lifting ring or eye 77, provided with bosses 78 and 79 at its
lower end, is pivotally mounted on the pins 75 and 76. The lifting
ring or eye 77 may be held in position by peening over the ends 80
and 81 of the pins 75 and 76. While the pins 75 and 76 are shown as
being formed integrally with the boss member 73, it may be
preferable to form the pins separately, and then to attach the
lifting ring 77 to the boss by driving the ends of the pins into
holes bored in the boss member. When a unitary structure is used
for the boss and pins, it will be necessary to open the rings 77 so
that the ends of the ring can be placed over the pins. The ring can
then be closed to its original position.
In use, lifting ring 71 is positioned to align its central opening
74 with the threads 53 of coil 51. By withdrawing wedge 22 from
between segments 11 and 12, surfaces 13 and 14 can be brought into
contact. The "collapsed" bolt is then readily inserted into opening
74 and threads 53. When wedge 22 is inserted between segments 11
and 12, they are spaced apart, expanding radially, causing threads
20 and 21 to engage threads 53. A slight twist of bolt 10 will
tighten down lifting ring 71.
Once the concrete panel has been lifted, moved and installed, the
lifting ring is removed. By grasping bosses 35 and 36 on head 23,
wedge 22 can be extracted allowing segments 11 and 12 to be
collapsed. Bolt 10 can then be readily withdrawn. If wedge 22 is
bound tightly by segments 11 and 12, it can be grasped by a claw
hammer to pull it free. After lifting ring 71 is removed, a hole
remains which was created by removing plug 59, and it can be filled
with concrete to create a smooth, continuous surface on the
panel.
While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a
preferred embodiment of this invention, it is to be understood that
the invention is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and
that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope
of the invention.
* * * * *