U.S. patent number 3,921,847 [Application Number 05/304,400] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-25 for cemented lap seam container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to American Can Company. Invention is credited to Kenneth Richard Rentmeester.
United States Patent |
3,921,847 |
Rentmeester |
November 25, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Cemented lap seam container
Abstract
Can body blanks to be used in production of cemented lap side
seam containers are pre-coated with a pigmented epoxy-type coating
which, when the body blank is lap side seamed, functions to provide
a bonding interface for the lap side seam adhesive while
simultaneously functioning as an adherent base upon which to apply
printing or other decoration for the exterior surface of the can
body thereby permitting elimination of heretofore necessary binding
lines and size coat.
Inventors: |
Rentmeester; Kenneth Richard
(Barrington, IL) |
Assignee: |
American Can Company
(Greenwich, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
23176358 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/304,400 |
Filed: |
November 7, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/62.14;
138/151; 156/218; 156/307.7; 156/331.8; 427/386; 138/146; 138/170;
156/277; 156/315; 220/680; 413/1; 427/388.2; 427/410; 428/35.8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C09D
163/00 (20130101); B21D 51/2676 (20130101); B65D
7/38 (20130101); Y10T 156/1038 (20150115); Y10T
428/1355 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B21D
51/26 (20060101); C09D 163/00 (20060101); B65D
025/14 (); B32B 001/08 (); B65D 023/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;156/218,309,330,244,315,331,277 ;117/75,161ZB ;113/12A
;220/62,75,64,81 ;138/145,170,146,151 ;161/147,186
;427/386,388,410 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Drummond; Douglas J.
Assistant Examiner: Lewris; Basil J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Auber; Robert P. Bartlett;
Ernestine C. Ziehmer; George P.
Claims
I claim:
1. A decorated, tubular, sheet metal can body having opposed
longitudinal edges overlapped to form a lap side seam wherein the
interior metal surface within the seam is adjacent to and overlaps
the opposed exterior metal surface within the seam, the opposed
surfaces included within said lap seam having adhered thereto an
organic coating comprising an epoxy resin, and an organic adhesive
disposed in said lap seam and adhered to the coating on said
surfaces, said organic adhesive being a linear superpolyamide
having an inherent viscosity of at least 0.4;
the coating on the entire exterior surface being a cured,
decorative pigmented organic coating which extends into the lap
seam, constitutes a bonding interface for the organic adhesive and
an adherent base receptive to printing or other decoration, said
cured coating being derived from a composition comprising from
about 40 to about 65 parts by weight of a pigment and from about 60
to about 35 parts by weight of non-volatile vehicle comprising an
epoxy ether having, before curing, an epoxide equivalent of from
425 to 6,000 and a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to
4,000 and components coreactive therewith upon application of heat
to form an epoxy resin, the epoxy resin thus formed being selected
from the group consisting of (1) epoxy-phenolic (2) epoxy-ester and
(3) epoxy-amino resins.
2. A decorated, tubular, sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which said coating on the exterior surface comprises an
epoxy-ester resin derived from the reaction of a diglycidyl ether
of bisphenol A and oleic acid.
3. A decorated, tubular, sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which said coating on the exterior surface comprises an
epoxy-amino resin derived from the reaction of a diglycidyl ether
of bisphenol A and a ureaformaldehyde resin.
4. A decorated, tubular, sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which said coating on the exterior surface comprises an
epoxy-phenolic resin derived from the reaction of a diglycidyl
ether of bisphenol A and a polyhydric phenol.
5. A decorated tubular sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which said pigment is titanium dioxide.
6. A decorated, tubular, sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which said coating on the exterior surface comprises an
epoxy-ester resin derived from reaction of a diglycidyl ether of
bisphenol A having an average molecular weight of about 1400 and
oleic acid, said adhesive is a linear superpolyamide having
recurring aliphatic amido groups separated by alkylene groups
having at least two carbon atoms and said pigment is titanium
dioxide.
7. A decorated, tubular sheet metal can body as defined in claim 1
in which the pigmented coating on the exterior surface is
printed.
8. A method of fabricating a decorated, tubular, metal can body
having its opposed longitudinal edges overlapped to form a lap side
seam comprising:
applying to the entire exterior surface of the sheet metal to be
formed into a can body, a decorative pigmented organic coating
formulation comprising, as the non-volatile vehicle, about 60 to
about 35 parts by weight of an epoxide having before curing, an
epoxide equivalent of from 425 to 6,000 and a number average
molecular weight of from 1,000 to 4,000 and components coreactive
therewith upon application of heat to form an epoxy resin, the
epoxy resin thus formed being selected from the group consisting of
(1) epoxy-phenolic (2) epoxy-ester and (3) epoxy-amino resins, and
about 40 to about 65 parts by weight of a pigment, said pigmented
coating constituting a bonding interface for a lap side seam
adhesive and an adherent base receptive to printing or other
decoration;
baking the coated sheet metal at a temperature of at least
300.degree.F, to cure the organic coating thereon;
forming said coated sheet metal into a tubular can body, arranged
to have a lap side seam wherein the interior metal surface within
the finished seam is adjacent to and overlaps the opposed exterior
metal surface within the seam, there being applied to at least one
of said opposed surfaces forming the seam an organic adhesive
comprising a linear superpolyamide having an inherent viscosity of
at least 0.4;
and bonding said opposed surfaces to form the finished seam, said
decorative pigmented coating extending into the lap seam thus
produced.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cured epoxide is an
epoxy-ester resin.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said pigment is titanium dioxide
and said epoxy ester resin is the reaction product of an
epoxy-ether and a fatty acid.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said fatty acid is oleic
acid.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said formulation consists of 50
- 60 parts titanium dioxide to 50 - 40 parts non-volatile
vehicle.
13. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cured epoxide is an
epoxy-amino resin.
14. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cured epoxide is an
epoxy phenolic resin.
15. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said coating contains a
urea-formaldehyde resin.
16. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said organic adhesive
applied within the seam is a linear superpolyamide having recurring
aliphatic amido groups separated by alkylene groups having at least
two carbon atoms.
17. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said steps of applying
said organic adhesive, forming said tubular shape, and bonding are
carried out automatically, said step of bonding the opposed
surfaces being effected in less than about 1 second.
18. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surface of the sheet
metal which is to form the interior surface of the can body is
coated with a 1, 2-epoxide resin.
19. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pigment is titanium
dioxide.
20. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said coated sheet is
printed prior to forming into said tubular can body.
21. A method of fabricating a decorated, tubular, sheet metal can
body having its opposed longitudinal edges overlapped to form a lap
side seam, comprising:
applying to the interior surface of the sheet metal to be formed
into a can body an organic coating comprising a 1,2-epoxide resin
having before curing an epoxide equivalent of from about 425 to
6,000 and a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to
4,000;
applying to the exterior surface of the sheet metal to be formed
into a can body a decorative pigmented organic coating formulation
comprising, as the non-volatile vehicle, 60-35 parts by weight of
an epoxide having before curing an epoxide equivalent of from 425
to 6,000 and a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to
4,000 and components co-reactive therewith upon application of heat
to form an epoxy resin, the epoxy resin thus formed being selected
from the group consisting of (1) epoxy-phenolic, (2) epoxy-ester
and (3) epoxy-amino resins, and 40-65 parts by weight titanium
dioxide pigment, said pigmented coating constituting a bonding
interface for a lap side seam adhesive and an adherent base
receptive to printing or other decoration;
baking the coated sheet metal at a temperature of at least
300.degree.F to cure the organic coatings thereon;
forming said coated sheet metal into a tubular can body, arranged
to have a lap side seam wherein the coated interior metal surface
within the finished seam is adjacent to and overlaps the similarly
coated opposed exterior surface within the seam, there being
applied to at least one of said opposed coated surfaces forming the
seam an organic adhesive comprising a linear superpolyamide having
an inherent viscosity of at least 0.4;
and bonding said opposed surfaces to form the finished seam by
heating said organic adhesive to a tacky condition and then
pressing said opposed surfaces between chilled supporting surfaces,
said pigmented coating extending within the lap seam and said steps
of applying said organic adhesive, forming said tubular shape, and
bonding by heating and pressing together said opposed surfaces
being carried out automatically.
22. The method of claim 14 wherein said cured coating on the
exterior surface comprises an epoxy-ester resin derived from the
reaction of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A having an average
molecular weight of about 1000-2000 and epoxide equivalent of about
875-1025 and oleic acid.
23. The method of claim 14 wherein said cured coating on the
exterior surface of the sheet metal comprises an epoxy-amino resin
derived from the reaction of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A
having an average molecular weight of about 1000-4000 and an
epoxide equivalent of about 425-6000 and a urea-formaldehyde
resin.
24. The method of claim 14 wherein the coating formulation applied
to the exterior surface of the sheet metal comprises 50 to 40 parts
of vehicle containing a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A having an
average molecular weight of about 1400 and oleic acid and 50-60
parts of titanium dioxide pigment.
25. A method as claimed in claim 21 wherein said coated sheet is
printed prior to forming into said tubular can body.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cemented, as opposed to soldered, side seam bodies are known in the
art. Cans produced from such bodies have found a substantial degree
of commercial success for the packaging of products which generate
no substantial internal pressure, such as frozen citrus
concentrate, household cleaners and polishers, and the like. One of
the major selling features of such can bodies is that it is
possible to provide printed decorations, as opposed to paper
labels, completely around the external surface of a can body.
However, such prior art cemented side seam bodies do not have a
high degree of bursting strength, particularly when the can is
subjected to conditions necessary to process certain products such
as the sterilization cooking for fruits and vegetables, or
pasturization of beer.
The very high strength adhesives known to the art have not been
heretofore successfully used in the manufacture of cemented side
seam can bodies for any one of a number of reasons. Some of the
major reasons are that although these adhesives have excellent
cohesive strength they have been woefully deficient in their
adhesion to a metal surface or even to a coating supplied to sheet
metal for making can bodies. Another drawback is that these high
strength adhesives require a relatively prolonged setting time in
the order of minutes or even hours, which time periods are
completely unsuitable for high speed can making operations where
sufficient bonding strength to hold the can bodies together must be
achieved within seconds or less.
Recently, can bodies and methods therefor have been provided which
overcome the disadvantages discussed above. Such a procedure, for
example, is disclosed in copending application Ser. No. 202,096
filed Nov. 26, 1971 in the names of K. R. Rentmeester and E. W.
Kaiser now U.S. Pat. No. 3,773,589 issued Nov. 20, 1973, wherein
tubular sheet metal can bodies having opposed longitudinal edges
overlapped to form a lap side seam are provided wherein the opposed
surfaces of the sheet metal include within the lap side seam an
organic coating containing epoxide resin and high-strength organic
adhesive disposed within the lap side seam and adhered to the
organic coating. As described in said copending application, the
coating extends over the entire flat surfaces of the sheet metal
and as a result thereof over the entire inside and outside surface
of the can body. The coating employed in said copending application
also provides an adherent base upon which to apply printing or
other decoration for the outside surface of the can body and the
decoration is most conveniently applied in the flat, i.e., to that
surface of the blank which will later form the outside surface of
the can body. Heretofore, the decorative coating has not been
permitted to extend into the margin to which the adhesive is to be
applied so as to assure that the adhesive would be bonded directly
to the coating. Thus, in the procedure of said copending
application, as well as in other procedures which do not have the
attendant advantages of the procedure of said copending
application, it has generally been the procedure in applying
decorative coatings to first apply a primer or size coat to protect
the metal surface and to provide a bonding interface for the
adhesive. A further top coat which may be pigmented, printed or
otherwise decorated is then applied but such decorated top coat has
not been permitted to extend into the lap seam. This has been a
necessary practice since pigmented or painted surfaces have not
been readily bondable. The application of a first "size" or
"primer" coat followed by application of a pigmented or decorative
coat which is applied to only a portion of a can body blank leads
to expense and difficulty. Aside from the care and equipment needed
to produce the blank, the top coated or decorated blank contains an
unpigmented or undecorated area usually seen as a ragged edge which
detracts from the overall aesthetic effect. This area is usually
hidden by binding lines. This is an added and expensive operation
and detracts from all around lithography and decoration; there is
therefore within the can making industry a considerable need for a
container, produced by a cemented lap side seam process, which
retains the advantages of containers produced by such a process,
from a can body blank to which a protective and decorative coating
has been applied to the entire exterior surface, which eliminates
the need to apply a first size coat followed by a decorative coat
followed by application of binding lines.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a lap
side seam can body having applied to the exterior surface thereof a
pigmented coating which functions to provide a bonding interface
for the lap side seam adhesive while simultaneously functioning as
a adherent base upon which to apply printing or other decoration to
the entire surface.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a lap side
seam can body having applied thereto such an exterior pigmented
coating and having exceptionally high bursting or hoop
strength.
Another object is to provide a lap side seam can body having
applied thereto such an exterior pigmented coating and which
maintains its high bursting or hoop strength even after it is
subjected to prolonged conditions of moist heat.
Yet another object is to provide a decorated lap side seam can body
which can be made rapidly on high speed automatic equipment.
A further object is to provide a method for production of a lap
side seam can body which eliminates the necessity of applying a
first size or prime coat, a decorative top coat and binding lines
as in the prior art.
Numerous other objects and advantages of the invention will be
apparent as it is better understood from the following description
which, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,
discloses the preferred embodiment thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above objects are accomplished by providing a tubular sheet
metal, lap side seam can body having as a decorative coating on its
entire exterior surface, a baked organic coating containing a
pigmented cured epoxide. Preferably, this coating is the heat-cured
reaction product formed by applying and baking a coating
composition comprising an epoxy resin and a pigment, for example,
an epoxy ester and titanium dioxide, the pigment to non-volatile
vehicle ratio preferably being about 40-65 parts pigment per 60-35
parts non-volatile vehicle, the opposed coated surfaces being
bonded together with a linear superpolyamide adhesive. This can
body is formed from a flat blank having at least one entire surface
coated in the manner described and having the adhesive applied,
before bonding of the lap side seam, to the coating on at least one
of the longitudinal margins thereof. The method and apparatus for
making the can body blank is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,481,809
in the names of Edward William Kaiser, Arnold Robert Rein and
Richard Otto Rahler.
Other methods and apparatus for forming the tubular can body and
lap side seam as well as for applying the adhesive may be as
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,507 issued to A. T. L. Austing and
copending U.S. applications Ser. No. 75,530 filed Sept. 25, 1970 in
the name of K. R. Rentmeester, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,760,750 issued
Sept. 25, 1973 and Ser. No. 79,243 filed Oct. 8, 1970 in the names
of K. R. Rentmeester and P. H. Winterroth, now abandoned.
In carrying out the method in accordance with the present
invention, the steps of forming the blank into tubular shape,
applying the superpolyamide to the longitudinal margin areas,
heating the adhesive, and pressing the opposed lap seam surfaces
together between chilled supporting surfaces are effected
automatically, less than about one second being required for
heating the adhesive and pressing the lap seamed surfaces to form
the bonded seam.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a can body blank of the instant
invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a can body of the instant
invention;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view taken along line
3--3 of FIG. 2;
and FIG. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view of a can body
of the prior art taken substantially along line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
As the preferred or exemplified embodiment of this invention, FIG.
1 shows a substantially rectangular can body blank generally
designated 10 having for the metal component thereof thin guage
sheet metal 11 in the order of magnitude of ten thousandths of an
inch. This sheet metal, which may be thicker or thinner than the
numerical number given, may be aluminum or low carbon steel, with
or without an external plating of aluminum, chromium, cobalt,
nickel or tin. Completely covering the exposed, extensive exterior
flat surface 14 is a particular pigmented and decorative organic
coating composition 13 which will be defined more thoroughly
hereinafter. Covering the extensive interior flat surface 12 is an
organic coating 19 which will be defined more thoroughly
hereinafter. Tenaciously adhered to a coating 19 along the inside
surface of one longitudinal surface 16 of the blank 10 is an
organic cement or adhesive 18, which will also be defined more
fully hereinafter. The adhesive 18 extends the full length of the
margin 16 and inwardly from the edge of this margin, i.e., has a
width of from three thirty-seconds inch to nine thirty-seconds inch
and preferably 0.200 inch, and upwardly from the coated surfaces of
the margin, i.e., has a thickness of from 0.003 inch to 0.006 inch
and preferably about 0.004 inch.
The blank 10 is formed into an open ended tubular can body
generally designated 20 (FIG. 2), on a high speed automatic, can
body maker, for example of the type utilizing the body-blank
applicator of the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,481,809, by
lapping the blank 10 around a mandrel, heating the adhesive 18 to a
semi-fluid, tacky condition and pressing onto the coated upper
surface or the opposite blank margin 17. Immediately thereafter the
bonded side seam is chilled to set the adhesive and to secure the
lapped margins together to form the can body 20 having a lapped
side seam generally designated 22, including an inner lap 24 (from
the margin 16) and an outer lap 26 (from the margin 17). Bonding of
the lapped margins is accomplished in less than one second and
preferably in about 10 milliseconds. A container bodymaker which
performs this function is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,507
issued to A. T. L. Austing.
As best shown in FIG. 3, the adhesive 18 does not bond directly to
the sheet metal 11 of the can body but rather to the opposed
surfaces of the exterior organic pigmented epoxy coating 13 and
interior coating 19 included within the side seam 22. In other
words, the high strength bond of the lap side seam 22 is a result
of the tenacious adherence of the coatings 13 and 19 to the sheet
metal 11 and to the organic adhesive 18 interposed between the
coated faces of the margins 16 and 17.
As stated previously, the coating 13 extends over the entire flat
exterior surface 14 of the sheet metal 11 and as a result therof
over the entire outside or exterior surface of can body 20. The
coating 13 provides an adherent base upon which to apply printing
or other decoration to the surface of the can body as well as a
protective coating for the metal over its exposed surface.
Decoration (not shown) is more conveniently applied in the flat,
i.e., to that surface of the blank 10 or of a larger sheet from
which the blank is cut which will later form the outside surface of
the can body. As best illustrated in FIG. 3, the decorative coating
extends into the bonding area to which the adhesive 18 is
subsequently adhered. An appreciation of the present container over
the prior art containers may be seen in FIG. 4 wherein a protective
coating 25 was first applied over which a decorative top coat 23
was applied. The decorative top coat in FIG. 4 does not extend into
the margin 26 to which the adhesive 28 is adhered, since adhesion
is effected via bonding of the adhesive to the unpigmented size
coating 25.
The coating 13 of this invention, mentioned hereinabove, comprises
a pigmented epoxide resin having, before curing, an epoxide
equivalent of from 425 to 6,000 and a number average molecular
weight of from 1,000 to 4,000 and components coreactive therewith
upon application of heat to form an epoxy resin which is preferably
an epoxy-ester, epoxy-amino or epoxy-phenolic resin, and such
classes of resins modified with various additives such as melamine,
urea formaldehyde resins and mixtures thereof.
Any epoxy resin which, when pigmented as in the instant invention,
forms a suitable bonding interface and base for receiving
decorations may be employed. Epoxy-ester resins, generally derived
by reaction of an epoxy-ether having an average molecular weight of
about 1,000 to 2,000, and having an epoxide equivalent weight of
about 875 to 1,025 with a fatty acid, as for example, saturated and
unsaturated fatty acids derived from linseed oil, soya, dehydrated
castor oil, tall oil, etc., or simple fatty acids such as oleic,
lauric, stearic, palmitic, myristic, linoleic, sorbic, etc. and
mixtures thereof may be employed and are especially preferred
herein. Epoxy-ester resins are generally obtained by esterifying an
epoxy-ether with said acids in relative proportions of about 1
equivalent epoxy to about 0.3 to 0.9 equivalent of fatty acid.
Other suitable epoxy resins are epoxy-amino resins, derived by
reaction of epoxy-ethers having an average molecular weight, before
curing, of about 900 to about 4,000 with various amino-containing
resins such as melamine, triazine, ureaformaldehyde, etc. Such
epoxy amino resins are generally obtained via reaction of epoxy
ethers, for example, diglycidyl ether of bis-phenol A with such
amino-containing resins in relative proportions varying from about
95/5 to 50/50. Other suitable epoxy resins include epoxy-phenolic
resins which include reaction products of various polyhydricphenols
for example, allyl ether of polymethylol phenol, polymethylol
tertiary butyl phenol, polymethylol p-phenylphenol, etc., with
epichlorohydrin and similar epoxidic materials by methods known in
the art. Suitable epoxides of this class will have, before curing,
an epoxide equivalent of about 425 to 6,000 and an average
molecular weight of about 1,000 to 4,000 and include polyglycidyl
ethers of bisphenol A, epoxidized novolacs, etc.
Thus, the epoxy-ester, epoxy-amino and epoxy-phenolic resins
suitable for use in the invention are well known in the art and may
be prepared by incorporation of the reacting components in the
formulation including catalysts and modifying agents as desired.
Particularly preferred are such resins modified through further
reaction with melamine, ureaformaldehyde resins and combinations
thereof. The epoxy resins, as employed herein, are pigmented with
proportions of pigment to non-volatile vehicle being generally
within the range of about 40 to 65, preferably 50 to 60, parts by
weight of pigment to 60 to 35, preferably 50-40, parts of
non-volatile vehicle. Exemplary of suitable pigments are titanium
dioxide, colloidal silica, zinc oxide, and aluminum pastes or
powders. Both rutile and anatase forms of titanium dioxide are
preferred for use herein with rutile titanium dioxide being
especially preferred.
Extender pigments may be employed where desired. In general,
however, such ingredients are not employed particularly in
formulating white coatings which are applied as relatively thin
films and any substantial use of extenders would tend to detract
from the desired coverage and aesthetic quality of the coating.
Where it is desired to employ such extenders, however, conventional
extender pigments known in the art, for example, calcium carbonate;
may prove suitable. Various other additives such as flow control
agents, suspending aids, and compatible lubricants may be employed
as desired. The coating 13 is preferably applied as a dispersion of
the above described ingredients, before their inter-reaction, in a
fugitive liquid. It is necessary that the liquid be volatile at
baking temperatures which may be as low as 300.degree.F. or as high
as 650.degree.F. At the lower temperature, a baking period of about
10 minutes may be required and at the upper temperature a time of
five seconds may suffice. The solvent must also be compatible with
all the ingredients in their useful concentrations, so that
precipitation, stratification or other separation does not occur.
Suitable solvents comprise aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbons blended
with alcohols, ketones, ethers or esters and mixtures thereof.
Alcohol, ketones, ethers or esters or mixtures thereof may be
employed without aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbons if desired. Solvent
systems comprising a mixture of aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbons and
alcohols yield solutions having optimum viscosity for application
and for this reason are preferred.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbons solvents are xylene, toluene,
and petroleum fractions having a high proportion of aromatic
hydrocarbons and having a boiling range of about 230.degree.F. to
415.degree.F. Examples of suitable oxygen containing solvents are
butanol, diacetone alcohol, isophorone, methylisobutylketone,
nitropropane, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran,
cyclohexanone, amyl acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
acetate, diisobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone.
In the specific example which follows, the first three ingredients
were dissolved in the remaining solvent components and uniformly
applied to one large flat surface of sheet aluminum. The thus
coated sheet was passed into an oven and baked under the conditions
of temperature and time above discussed and thereafter cooled.
Subsequently, the coating is printed as desired and preferably
varnished over the printed label to provide the decorative coating
13.
After application of the fluid coating composition described
immediately below and during the baking of the thus coated sheet
described hereinafter, the non-volatile ingredients are
inter-reacted and the volatile organic liquid is driven off so that
upon completion of the baking operation and subsequent cooling, the
solid inert adherent coating 13 remains on the metal sheet 11. A
specific example of a fluid composition for application to the
metal sheet 11 to provide the finished coating is as follows:
PARTS BY MATERIAL WEIGHT ______________________________________
Epoxy Resin (A glycidyl ether of bis Phenol A 19.0 having an
average M.W. of about 2900) Urea-Formaldehyde Resin (Rohm &
Haas 3300) 12.3 (50% total solids) Titanium Dioxide Pigment (Dupont
R110) 19.7 Diacetone Alcohol 14.7 Diisobutyl Ketone 4.9 Isophorone
4.9 Xylene 17.1 n-Butanol 7.4 100.0
______________________________________
In addition to the above described exterior coating, epoxy based
coatings may be employed to form interior coatings 19 for the
interior surfaces 12 of the container body. Such coatings may be
unpigmented or pigmented epoxy resins as described above, or may
include any of well known coatings employed for this purpose. One
such other coating which may be employed is an
epoxy-urea-formaldehyde coating wherein the epoxy component is a 1,
2-epoxide resin substantially similar to the epoxy-ethers
hereinbefore described. Historically, it has been preferred that
the inside coat for beverage containers be of some color. This
preference has more significance in lap seam cemented cans because
a coating must also be applied to the exterior surface in order to
do the cementing job. Such a colored inside coating is desirable
since it is often desired to have a difference in color between the
inside and the outside of a container body, so that the printing
press man can immediately determine if he is printing on the
correct side of the sheet. For this reason it is preferred that the
can body blank be coated on the surface that is to form the
interior of a container body with an epoxy resin having a pigment
different from that applied to the exterior surfaces, for example,
a gold tartrazine lake pigment.
Additionally, the decorative, pigmented epoxy exterior coating may,
if desired, be coated with a further clear varnish for protection
of the decorative label once it has been applied. Such varnishes
may be conventional lacquers such as alkyds, acrylics, etc. It will
be understood, however, that such additional coating is not
mandatory nor is it limited to the specific examples above
enumerated and may include any of conventional coatings known in
the art.
The linear superpolyamide adhesives useful in the instant invention
are generally characterized by having recurring aliphatic amido
groups separated by alkylene groups having at least two carbon
atoms and having an inherent viscosity of at least 0.4. These
superpolyamides are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,256,304;
2,962,468; 3,397,816; 3,447,999; 3,249,629, etc.
As employed herein, inherent viscosity .eta.inh is defined by the
following equation: ##EQU1## wherein ln.eta.rel represents the
natural logarithm of the relative viscosity and ##EQU2## .eta.
being viscosity and C the concentration of the solute in grams per
100 cc. of solution. The inherent viscosity values employed herein
are obtained with the polyamide involved dissolved in m-cresol at a
concentration of 0.5 g. of polymer per 100 cc. of solution at
25.degree. C.
Among the superpolyamides which are useful in the present invention
and having inherent viscosities as described above are
polypentamethylene sebacamide, polyhexamethylene adipamide,
polyhexamethylene sebacamide, poly-m-phenylene sebacamide,
6-amino-caproic acid polymers, 7-amino-heptanoic acid polymers,
11-amino undecanoic acid polymers, and 12-amino-stearic acid
polymers; polyamides derived from reaction of polymeric fat acids
with various amines for example polyamides derived from polymerized
tall oil, 10-undecynoic, soybean, dehydrated castor oil,
cottonseed, linoleic, etc., acids and organic diamines, triamines,
tetramines, etc., as described in the above-identified patents, the
disclosures thereof being incorporated herein by the aforegoing
references thereto.
It is thought that the new invention and many of its attendant
advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it
will be apparent that various changes may be made in the matter of
ingredients, the identity and the proportions of formulation, and
that changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement
of the parts of the article without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention of sacrificing all of its material
advantages, the form hereinbefore described being merely a
preferred embodiment thereof.
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